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Woess C, Huck CW, Badzoka J, Kappacher C, Arora R, Lindtner RA, Zelger P, Schirmer M, Rabl W, Pallua J. Raman spectroscopy for postmortem interval estimation of human skeletal remains: A scoping review. J Biophotonics 2023; 16:e202300189. [PMID: 37494000 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Estimating postmortem intervals (PMI) is crucial in forensic investigations, providing insights into criminal cases and determining the time of death. PMI estimation relies on expert experience and a combination of thanatological data and environmental factors but is prone to errors. The lack of reliable methods for assessing PMI in bones and soft tissues necessitates a better understanding of bone decomposition. Several research groups have shown promise in PMI estimation in skeletal remains but lack valid data for forensic cases. Current methods are costly, time-consuming, and unreliable for PMIs over 5 years. Raman spectroscopy (RS) can potentially estimate PMI by studying chemical modifications in bones and teeth correlated with burial time. This review summarizes RS applications, highlighting its potential as an innovative, nondestructive, and fast technique for PMI estimation in forensic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Woess
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Badzoka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Kappacher
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Arora
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R A Lindtner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Zelger
- University Clinic for Hearing, Voice and Speech Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Schirmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - W Rabl
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Pallua
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Frid P, Xu H, Mitchell BD, Drake M, Wasselius J, Gaynor B, Ryan K, Giese AK, Schirmer M, Donahue KL, Irie R, Bouts MJRJ, McIntosh EC, Mocking SJT, Dalca AV, Giralt-Steinhauer E, Holmegaard L, Jood K, Roquer J, Cole JW, McArdle PF, Broderick JP, Jimenez-Conde J, Jern C, Kissela BM, Kleindorfer DO, Lemmens R, Meschia JF, Rosand J, Rundek T, Sacco RL, Schmidt R, Sharma P, Slowik A, Thijs V, Woo D, Worrall BB, Kittner SJ, Petersson J, Golland P, Wu O, Rost NS, Lindgren A. Migraine-Associated Common Genetic Variants Confer Greater Risk of Posterior vs. Anterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke☆. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106546. [PMID: 35576861 PMCID: PMC10601407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine potential genetic relationships between migraine and the two distinct phenotypes posterior circulation ischemic stroke (PCiS) and anterior circulation ischemic stroke (ACiS), we generated migraine polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and compared these between PCiS and ACiS, and separately vs. non-stroke control subjects. METHODS Acute ischemic stroke cases were classified as PCiS or ACiS based on lesion location on diffusion-weighted MRI. Exclusion criteria were lesions in both vascular territories or uncertain territory; supratentorial PCiS with ipsilateral fetal posterior cerebral artery; and cases with atrial fibrillation. We generated migraine PRS for three migraine phenotypes (any migraine; migraine without aura; migraine with aura) using publicly available GWAS data and compared mean PRSs separately for PCiS and ACiS vs. non-stroke control subjects, and between each stroke phenotype. RESULTS Our primary analyses included 464 PCiS and 1079 ACiS patients with genetic European ancestry. Compared to non-stroke control subjects (n=15396), PRSs of any migraine were associated with increased risk of PCiS (p=0.01-0.03) and decreased risk of ACiS (p=0.010-0.039). Migraine without aura PRSs were significantly associated with PCiS (p=0.008-0.028), but not with ACiS. When comparing PCiS vs. ACiS directly, migraine PRSs were higher in PCiS vs. ACiS for any migraine (p=0.001-0.010) and migraine without aura (p=0.032-0.048). Migraine with aura PRS did not show a differential association in our analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a stronger genetic overlap between unspecified migraine and migraine without aura with PCiS compared to ACiS. Possible shared mechanisms include dysregulation of cerebral vessel endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Frid
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Section of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - H Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - B D Mitchell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Wasselius
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - B Gaynor
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A K Giese
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K L Donahue
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Irie
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - M J R J Bouts
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - E C McIntosh
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - S J T Mocking
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - A V Dalca
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, USA
| | - E Giralt-Steinhauer
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group (NEUVAS), IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Holmegaard
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Jood
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Roquer
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group (NEUVAS), IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - J W Cole
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P F McArdle
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J P Broderick
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J Jimenez-Conde
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group (NEUVAS), IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Jern
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - B M Kissela
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - D O Kleindorfer
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - R Lemmens
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J F Meschia
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - J Rosand
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - T Rundek
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, The Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, FL, USA
| | - R L Sacco
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, The Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, FL, USA
| | - R Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - P Sharma
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Royal Holloway University of London (ICR2UL), Egham, United Kingdom
| | - A Slowik
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - V Thijs
- Stroke Division, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, and Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - D Woo
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - B B Worrall
- Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - S J Kittner
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Petersson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - P Golland
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, USA
| | - O Wu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - N S Rost
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Lindgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Section of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Zouboulis CC, van Laar JAM, Schirmer M, Emmi G, Fortune F, Gül A, Kirino Y, Lee ES, Sfikakis PP, Shahram F, Wallace GR. Adamantiades-Behçet's disease (Behçet's disease) and COVID-19. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e541-e543. [PMID: 33914986 PMCID: PMC8242698 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C C Zouboulis
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
| | - J A M van Laar
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,Departments of Internal Medicine and Immunology, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Academic Center for Rare Systemic Immune Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Schirmer
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Emmi
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - F Fortune
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Oral Medicine Unit, Institute of Dentistry, Dental Hospital and Behçet's Centre of Excellence, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - A Gül
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Y Kirino
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - E-S Lee
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - P P Sfikakis
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,1st Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine and Joint Rheumatology Program, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - F Shahram
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, Iran
| | - G R Wallace
- International Society for Behçet's Disease, Dessau, Germany.,Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
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Mpatzaka T, Zisis G, Raptis I, Vamvakas V, Kaiser C, Mai T, Schirmer M, Gerngroß M, Papageorgiou G. Process study and the lithographic performance of commercially available silsesquioxane based electron sensitive resist Medusa 82. Micro and Nano Engineering 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mne.2020.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Information, archives, and intelligent artificial systems are part of everyday life in modern medicine. They already support medical staff by mapping their workflows with shared availability of cases' referral information, as needed for example, by the pathologist, and this support will be increased in the future even more. In radiology, established standards define information models, data transmission mechanisms, and workflows. Other disciplines, such as pathology, cardiology, and radiation therapy, now define further demands in addition to these established standards. Pathology may have the highest technical demands on the systems, with very complex workflows, and the digitization of slides generating enormous amounts of data up to Gigabytes per biopsy. This requires enormous amounts of data to be generated per biopsy, up to the gigabyte range. Digital pathology allows a change from classical histopathological diagnosis with microscopes and glass slides to virtual microscopy on the computer, with multiple tools using artificial intelligence and machine learning to support pathologists in their future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Pallua
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - A Brunner
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Zelger
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Schirmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Haybaeck
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipzigerstrasse 44, D-Magdeburg, Germany; Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, A-8010, Graz, Austria
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Mc-Cutchan R, Maier S, Winkler V, Gruber B, Schirmer M. AB1303-HPR TIME UNTIL DIAGNOSIS IN RHEUMATOLOGICAL PRACTICE: RESULTS FROM A CROSS-SECTIONAL MIDDLE-EUROPEAN COHORT COMPARED TO DATA FROM A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:The time from first symptom to diagnosis (= diagnostic delay) is considered as key factor for better outcome in many chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, especially for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and vasculitides like giant cell arteritis (GCA). A longer diagnostic delay may cause pain, reduced functionality, reduced life-quality and increased morbidity, as well as structural damages of the organs linked with higher mortality. This retrospective study assessed the diagnostic delay in consecutive Middle-European outpatients and compared results with those of a systematic literature review (SLR).Objectives:To compare disease-specific diagnostic delays of consecutive rheumatic patients with international data from a systematic literature review.Methods:Charts of a single-centre cohort with consecutively recruited patients were retrospectively reviewed for patients’ and diseases’ characteristics at a Middle-European university outpatient clinic for rheumatology. A SLR was performed according to PRISMA guidelines.Results:The average mean ± SD time from first symptom to established diagnosis was 7.9 ± 11.7 (0.02-56.7) years. Spondyloarthritis patients showed the longest diagnostic delay with 13.1 ± 14.2 (0.1-56.7) years, whereas polymyalgia rheumatica-patients had the shortest diagnostic delay with 1.5 ± 0.4 (0.3-18.0) months. In the SLR, most data for diagnostic delays are comparable to the Innsbruck cohort, but the diagnostic delay for psoriatic arthritis in Innsbruck is longer than in the Danish DANBIO registry (p<0.001). Independent risk factors for prolonged diagnostic delays could not be identified.Conclusion:For this Middle-European area, initiatives are justified especially to shorten diagnostic delays of SpA and PsA.References:[1]O’Dell JR. Treating rheumatoid arthritis early: A window of opportunity? Arthritis Rheum. 2002;46:283–5.[2]Seo MR, Baek HL, Yoon HH, Ryu HJ, Choi HJ, Baek HJ, et al. Delayed diagnosis is linked to worse outcomes and unfavourable treatment responses in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2015;34:1397–405.[3]Diagnostic delay of more than 6 months contributes to poor radiographic and functional outcome in psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015;74:1045–50.[4]Dejaco C, Brouwer E, Mason JC, Buttgereit F, Matteson EL, Dasgupta B. Giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: current challenges and opportunities. Nat Rev Rheumatol. Nature Publishing Group; 2017;13:578–92.Acknowledgments:We acknowledge and thank all patients who could be recruited to the SolutionX project. Ethical vote was obtained by the local ethics committee of the Medical University of Innsbruck (AN2017-0041 370/4.18).Disclosure of Interests:Rick Mc-Cutchan: None declared, Sarah Maier: None declared, Valentin Winkler: None declared, Bernhard Gruber: None declared, Michael Schirmer Grant/research support from: total <3000.- €, Speakers bureau: total <3000.- €
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7
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Wöss C, Unterberger SH, Degenhart G, Akolkar A, Traxl R, Kuhn V, Schirmer M, Pallua AK, Tappert R, Pallua JD. Comparison of structure and composition of a fossil Champsosaurus vertebra with modern Crocodylidae vertebrae: A multi-instrumental approach. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 104:103668. [PMID: 32174426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Information on the adaptation of bone structures during evolution is rare since histological data are limited. Micro- and nano-computed tomography of a fossilized vertebra from Champsosaurus sp., which has an estimated age of 70-73 million years, revealed lower porosity and higher bone density compared to modern Crocodylidae vertebrae. Mid-infrared reflectance and energy dispersive X-ray mapping excluded a petrification process, and demonstrated a typical carbonate apatite distribution, confirming histology in light- and electron microscopy of the preserved vertebra. As a consequence of this evolutionary process, the two vertebrae of modern Crocodylidae show reduced overall stiffness in the finite element analysis simulation compared to the fossilized Champsosaurus sp. vertebra, with predominant stiffness along the longitudinal z-axes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wöss
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - S H Unterberger
- Unit for Material Technology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 13, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Degenhart
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A Akolkar
- Illwerke vkw Professorship for Energy Efficiency, Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences, Hochschulstraße 1, 6850, Dornbirn, Austria; Josef Ressel Center for Applied Computational Science in Energy, Finance, and Logistics, Hochschulstraße 1, 6850, Dornbirn, Austria
| | - R Traxl
- Unit for Material Technology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 13, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - V Kuhn
- Department of Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Schirmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A K Pallua
- Former Institute for Computed Tomography-Neuro CT, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Tappert
- Hyperspectral Intelligence Inc., Box 851, Gibsons, British Columbia, V0N 1V0, Canada
| | - J D Pallua
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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8
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Schomburg A, Schilling OS, Guenat C, Schirmer M, Le Bayon RC, Brunner P. Topsoil structure stability in a restored floodplain: Impacts of fluctuating water levels, soil parameters and ecosystem engineers. Sci Total Environ 2018; 639:1610-1622. [PMID: 29929323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystem services provided by floodplains are strongly controlled by the structural stability of soils. The development of a stable structure in floodplain soils is affected by a complex and poorly understood interplay of hydrological, physico-chemical and biological processes. This paper aims at analysing relations between fluctuating groundwater levels, soil physico-chemical and biological parameters on soil structure stability in a restored floodplain. Water level fluctuations in the soil are modelled using a numerical surface-water-groundwater flow model and correlated to soil physico-chemical parameters and abundances of plants and earthworms. Causal relations and multiple interactions between the investigated parameters are tested through structural equation modelling (SEM). Fluctuating water levels in the soil did not directly affect the topsoil structure stability, but indirectly through affecting plant roots and soil parameters that in turn determine topsoil structure stability. These relations remain significant for mean annual days of complete and partial (>25%) water saturation. Ecosystem functioning of a restored floodplain might already be affected by the fluctuation of groundwater levels alone, and not only through complete flooding by surface water during a flood period. Surprisingly, abundances of earthworms did not show any relation to other variables in the SEM. These findings emphasise that earthworms have efficiently adapted to periodic stress and harsh environmental conditions. Variability of the topsoil structure stability is thus stronger driven by the influence of fluctuating water levels on plants than by the abundance of earthworms. This knowledge about the functional network of soil engineering organisms, soil parameters and fluctuating water levels and how they affect soil structural stability is of fundamental importance to define management strategies of near-natural or restored floodplains in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schomburg
- Functional Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland; Center for Hydrogeology and Geothermics (CHYN), University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - O S Schilling
- Center for Hydrogeology and Geothermics (CHYN), University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland; Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Université Laval, Pavillon Adrien-Pouliot, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - C Guenat
- Laboratory of Ecological Systems - ECOS-EPFL, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland; WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Site Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Schirmer
- Center for Hydrogeology and Geothermics (CHYN), University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland; Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Water Resources & Drinking Water, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - R C Le Bayon
- Functional Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - P Brunner
- Center for Hydrogeology and Geothermics (CHYN), University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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9
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Pallua JD, Brunner A, Zelger B, Stalder R, Unterberger SH, Schirmer M, Tappert MC. Clinical infrared microscopic imaging: An overview. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1532-1538. [PMID: 30220435 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
New developments in Mid-infrared microscopic imaging instrumentation and data analysis have turned this method into a conventional technique. This imaging method offers a global analysis of samples, with a resolution close to the cellular level enabling the acquisition of local molecular expression profiles. It is possible to get chemo-morphological information about the tissue status, which represents an essential benefit for future analytical interpretation of pathological changes of tissue. In this review, we give an overview of Mid-infrared microscopic imaging and its applications in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Pallua
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - A Brunner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Zelger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Stalder
- Institute of Mineralogy and Petrography, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - S H Unterberger
- Material-Technology, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 13, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Schirmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M C Tappert
- Hyperspectral Intelligence Inc., Box 851, V0N 1V0, Gibsons, Canada
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Schirmer M, Puchner R. Rheumatologie in Österreich. Z Rheumatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00393-018-0430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Silve A, Papachristou I, Wüstner R, Sträßner R, Schirmer M, Leber K, Guo B, Interrante L, Posten C, Frey W. Extraction of lipids from wet microalga Auxenochlorella protothecoides using pulsed electric field treatment and ethanol-hexane blends. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Belletti B, Nardi L, Rinaldi M, Poppe M, Brabec K, Bussettini M, Comiti F, Gielczewski M, Golfieri B, Hellsten S, Kail J, Marchese E, Marcinkowski P, Okruszko T, Paillex A, Schirmer M, Stelmaszczyk M, Surian N. Assessing Restoration Effects on River Hydromorphology Using the Process-based Morphological Quality Index in Eight European River Reaches. Environ Manage 2018; 61:69-84. [PMID: 29150720 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-017-0961-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Morphological Quality Index (MQI) and the Morphological Quality Index for monitoring (MQIm) have been applied to eight case studies across Europe with the objective of analyzing the hydromorphological response to various restoration measures and of comparing the results of the MQI and MQIm as a morphological assessment applied at the reach scale, with a conventional site scale physical-habitat assessment method. For each restored reach, the two indices were applied to the pre-restoration and post-restoration conditions. The restored reach was also compared to an adjacent, degraded reach. Results show that in all cases the restoration measures improved the morphological quality of the reach, but that the degree of improvement depends on many factors, including the initial morphological conditions, the length of the restored portion in relation to the reach length, and on the type of intervention. The comparison with a conventional site scale physical-habitat assessment method shows that the MQI and MQIm are best suited for the evaluation of restoration effects on river hydromorphology at the geomorphologically-relevant scale of the river reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Belletti
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - L Nardi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Rinaldi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Poppe
- University of Natural Resources and Life Science (BOKU), Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Brabec
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Bussettini
- National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), ISPRA, Italy
| | - F Comiti
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - M Gielczewski
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - B Golfieri
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - S Hellsten
- Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Kail
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - E Marchese
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - P Marcinkowski
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - T Okruszko
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - A Paillex
- Aquatic Ecology Department, EAWAG, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - M Schirmer
- Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water, EAWAG, Switzerland
| | - M Stelmaszczyk
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - N Surian
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Kiltz U, Winter J, Schirmer M, Weber U, Hammel L, Baraliakos X, Braun J. Deutsche Übersetzung und krosskulturelle Adaptation des ASAS-Gesundheitsindex. Z Rheumatol 2016; 75:993-998. [PMID: 27785609 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-016-0218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kiltz U, van der Heijde D, Boonen A, Bautista-Molano W, Burgos-Vargas R, Chiowchanwisawakit P, Duruoz T, El-Zorkany B, Essers I, Gaydukova I, Géher P, Gossec L, Grazio S, Gu J, Khan MA, Kim TJ, Maksymowych WP, Marzo-Ortega H, Navarro-Compán V, Olivieri I, Patrikos D, Pimentel-Santos FM, Schirmer M, van den Bosch F, Weber U, Zochling J, Braun J. Measuring impairments of functioning and health in patients with axial spondyloarthritis by using the ASAS Health Index and the Environmental Item Set: translation and cross-cultural adaptation into 15 languages. RMD Open 2016; 2:e000311. [PMID: 27752358 PMCID: PMC5051462 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2016-000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Assessments of SpondyloArthritis international society Health Index (ASAS HI) measures functioning and health in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) across 17 aspects of health and 9 environmental factors (EF). The objective was to translate and adapt the original English version of the ASAS HI, including the EF Item Set, cross-culturally into 15 languages. Methods Translation and cross-cultural adaptation has been carried out following the forward–backward procedure. In the cognitive debriefing, 10 patients/country across a broad spectrum of sociodemographic background, were included. Results The ASAS HI and the EF Item Set were translated into Arabic, Chinese, Croatian, Dutch, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Thai and Turkish. Some difficulties were experienced with translation of the contextual factors indicating that these concepts may be more culturally-dependent. A total of 215 patients with axial SpA across 23 countries (62.3% men, mean (SD) age 42.4 (13.9) years) participated in the field test. Cognitive debriefing showed that items of the ASAS HI and EF Item Set are clear, relevant and comprehensive. All versions were accepted with minor modifications with respect to item wording and response option. The wording of three items had to be adapted to improve clarity. As a result of cognitive debriefing, a new response option ‘not applicable’ was added to two items of the ASAS HI to improve appropriateness. Discussion This study showed that the items of the ASAS HI including the EFs were readily adaptable throughout all countries, indicating that the concepts covered were comprehensive, clear and meaningful in different cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Kiltz
- Rheumazentrum Ruhrgebiet , Herne , Germany
| | - D van der Heijde
- Department of Rheumatology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - A Boonen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine , Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - W Bautista-Molano
- Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine , HMC/UMNG , Bogota , Colombia
| | - R Burgos-Vargas
- Department of Rheumatology , Hospital General de Mexico and Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico , Mexico City , Mexico
| | | | - T Duruoz
- PM&R Department, Rheumatology Division , Marmara University, School of Medicine , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - B El-Zorkany
- Rheumatology Department , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - I Essers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine , Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - I Gaydukova
- Saratov State Medical University , Saratov , Russian Federation
| | - P Géher
- Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - L Gossec
- Department of Rheumatology , Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ, Paris 06, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de, Santé Publique, GRC-UPMC 08 (EEMOIS); AP-HP,Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital , Paris , France
| | - S Grazio
- Sisters of Mercy University Hospital , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - J Gu
- Department of Rheumatology , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - M A Khan
- Case Western Reserve University Cleveland , Cleveland, Ohio , USA
| | - T J Kim
- Department of Rheumatology , Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital , Gwangju , South Korea
| | - W P Maksymowych
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine , University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
| | - H Marzo-Ortega
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Alberton Hospital , Leeds , UK
| | | | - I Olivieri
- Rheumatology Department of Lucania , San Carlo Hospital of Potenza and Madonna delle Grazie Hospital of Matera , Potenza , Italy
| | | | - F M Pimentel-Santos
- NOVA Medical School and CEDOC, Chronic Diseases, NOVA University of Lisbon , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - M Schirmer
- Department of Internal Medicine VI , Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | | | - U Weber
- King Christian 10th Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Gråsten, Denmark; Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - J Zochling
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - J Braun
- Rheumazentrum Ruhrgebiet , Herne , Germany
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Trautmann A, Schirmer M, Posten C. Prozessführung zur phototrophen Protein-Produktion mit Mikroalgen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Dejaco C, Schirmer M, Duftner C. Klassifikationskriterien und Methoden zur Erfassung der Krankheitsaktivität bei der Polymyalgia rheumatica. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Dejaco
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich
| | - M. Schirmer
- Department Innere Medizin IV, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - C. Duftner
- Innere Medizin, Allgemeines öffentliches Krankenhaus der Elisabethinen, Klagenfurt, Österreich
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Dejaco C, Duftner C, Schirmer M. Häufigkeit, Diagnose und Therapie von Rezidiven bei der Polymyalgia rheumatica. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1382037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Dejaco
- Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich
| | - C. Duftner
- Univ. Klinik für Innere Medizin VI, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - M. Schirmer
- Univ. Klinik für Innere Medizin VI, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Österreich
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Schirmer M. 5. Biomarkers in PMR, GCA and other large vessel arteritides. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Schirmer M, Queudeville M, Trentin L, Eckhoff SM, Meyer LH, Debatin KM. Overcoming apoptosis resistance in high risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia by SMAC mimetics in a preclinical all xenograft model. Klin Padiatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Münch V, Hasan N, Schirmer M, Mirjam Eckhoff S, Debatin KM, Meyer LH. In vivo response to remission induction poly-chemotherapy in NOD/SCID/huALL reflects patient risk and outcome. Klin Padiatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Schirmer M, Zeller J, Krause D, Jekle M, Becker T. In situ monitoring of starch gelatinization with limited water content using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Eur Food Res Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-014-2213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Loock J, Henes J, Kötter I, Witte T, Lamprecht P, Schirmer M, Gross W. THU0214 Treatment of refractory giant cell arteritis with cyclophosphamide. A retrospective analysis of 35 patients from three tertiary care centers. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.2179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Schirmer M, Höchstötter A, Jekle M, Arendt E, Becker T. Physicochemical and morphological characterization of different starches with variable amylose/amylopectin ratio. Food Hydrocoll 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2012.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Al-Massad J, Dejaco C, Duftner C, Ness T, Haller H, Schirmer M, Wagner A. FRI0211 The role of NKG2D, CX3CR1 and TLR4 in the pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.2668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
Giant-cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common form of vasculitis in patients over 50 years old. Loss of vision is the most common severe complication but involvement of extracranial arteries including the aorta is more frequent than previously assumed. The role of dendritic and T-cells indicates the presence of an antibody but a clear association with underlying infections has not yet been demonstrated. Even if the inflammation parameters in blood are mostly increased in the diagnosis of GCA, specific laboratory tests for the diagnosis of GCA are not available. Of the imaging procedures ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography can be useful to localize and estimate the extent of vascular involvement. Glucocorticoids are still the standard therapy of GCA, whereby the cumulative dose can possibly be reduced by additional methotrexate. In addition acetylsalicylic acid is recommended as prophylaxis against cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events as well as prophylaxis and therapy of accompanying osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schirmer
- Labor für Molekulare Biologie und Rheumatologie, Allgemeine Ambulanz und Rheumaambulanz, Univ.-Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich.
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Noack K, Dilk C, Schirmer M, Kiefer J, Buchholz R, Leipertz A. Aufnahme und Verarbeitung Raman-spektroskopischer Signale zur Überwachung von Algenkultivierungen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201250060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
CLINICAL/METHODICAL ISSUE Clinical examination and laboratory results are often insufficient to support therapeutic decisions. STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS Diagnosis and organ-related imaging may provide important additional information for initial diagnosis (differential diagnoses), follow-up and prognosis. Especially functional imaging techniques, such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are becoming more and more important for early diagnosis. METHODICAL INNOVATIONS Imaging is already recognized in the classification criteria of several rheumatic diseases and new criteria for spondyloarthritis and polymyalgia rheumatica aim more and more at early diagnosis using functional imaging techniques, such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. PERFORMANCE Specific imaging findings are helpful for eliminating differential diagnoses. During follow-up disease control the status as well as progression of structural damage can be documented. In selected diseases imaging allows prognostic statements on both disease progression and therapeutic response to specific medication. ACHIEVEMENTS The evidential value of imaging results varies with the rheumatological expectations. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS Overall rheumatological expectations on imaging differ widely and therefore support a differentiated use of imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dejaco
- Klinik für Innere Medizin, Univ.-Klinikum Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Österreich
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Loeder S, Schirmer M, Schoeneberger H, Cristofanon S, Leibacher J, Vanlangenakker N, Bertrand MJM, Vandenabeele P, Jeremias I, Debatin KM, Fulda S. Erratum: RIP1 is required for IAP inhibitor-mediated sensitization of childhood acute leukemia cells to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Leukemia 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2012.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rave-Fränk M, Guhlich M, Wolff H, Mergeler C, Schirmer M, Hille A. PO-0940 A TGFB1 SNP ASSOCIATED WITH QUALITY OF LIFE IMPAIRING TOXICITY IN PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS TREATED WITH RADIOTHERAPY. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hering JG, Hoehn E, Klinke A, Maurer M, Peter A, Reichert P, Robinson C, Schirmer K, Schirmer M, Stamm C, Wehrli B. Moving targets, long-lived infrastructure, and increasing needs for integration and adaptation in water management: an illustration from Switzerland. Environ Sci Technol 2012; 46:112-118. [PMID: 22208812 PMCID: PMC3251966 DOI: 10.1021/es202189s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Switzerland provides an example of successful management of water infrastructure and water resources that was accomplished largely without integration across sectors. Limitations in this approach have become apparent; decisions that were formerly based only on technical and economic feasibility must now incorporate broader objectives such as ecological impact. In addition, current and emerging challenges relate to increasingly complex problems that are likely to demand more integrated approaches. If such integration is to be of benefit, it must be possible to redirect resources across sectors, and the synergies derived from integration must outweigh the additional cost of increased complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Hering
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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Schirmer M, Walz MM, Papp C, Kronast F, Gray AX, Balke B, Cramm S, Fadley CS, Steinrück HP, Marbach H. Fabrication of layered nanostructures by successive electron beam induced deposition with two precursors: protective capping of metallic iron structures. Nanotechnology 2011; 22:475304. [PMID: 22057093 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/47/475304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report on the stepwise generation of layered nanostructures via electron beam induced deposition (EBID) using organometallic precursor molecules in ultra-high vacuum (UHV). In a first step a metallic iron line structure was produced using iron pentacarbonyl; in a second step this nanostructure was then locally capped with a 2-3 nm thin titanium oxide-containing film fabricated from titanium tetraisopropoxide. The chemical composition of the deposited layers was analyzed by spatially resolved Auger electron spectroscopy. With spatially resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Fe L₃ edge, it was demonstrated that the thin capping layer prevents the iron structure from oxidation upon exposure to air.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schirmer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Conradi L, Bleckmann A, Sprenger T, Schirmer M, Homayounfar K, Wolff H, Becker H, Ghadimi B, Beissbarth T, Liersch T. 6126 POSTER Thymidylate Synthase as Biomarker in Rectal Cancer Patients After 5-FU-based Radiochemotherapy – Evaluation of the Prognostic Capacity in Pre-treatment Biopsies and Resected Adenocarcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)71771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Schirmer M, Hussein W, Jekle M, Hussein M, Becker T. Impact of air humidity in industrial heating processes on selected quality attributes of bread rolls. J FOOD ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Schirmer M, Walz MM, Vollnhals F, Lukasczyk T, Sandmann A, Chen C, Steinrück HP, Marbach H. Electron-beam-induced deposition and post-treatment processes to locally generate clean titanium oxide nanostructures on Si(100). Nanotechnology 2011; 22:085301. [PMID: 21242619 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/8/085301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the lithographic generation of TiO(x) nanostructures on Si(100) via electron-beam-induced deposition (EBID) of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and local Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). In addition, the fabricated nanostructures were also characterized ex situ via atomic force microscopy (AFM) under ambient conditions. In EBID, a highly focused electron beam is used to locally decompose precursor molecules and thereby to generate a deposit. A drawback of this nanofabrication technique is the unintended deposition of material in the vicinity of the impact position of the primary electron beam due to so-called proximity effects. Herein, we present a post-treatment procedure to deplete the unintended deposits by moderate sputtering after the deposition process. Moreover, we were able to observe the formation of pure titanium oxide nanocrystals (<100 nm) in situ upon heating the sample in a well-defined oxygen atmosphere. While the nanocrystal growth for the as-deposited structures also occurs in the surroundings of the irradiated area due to proximity effects, it is limited to the pre-defined regions, if the sample was sputtered before heating the sample under oxygen atmosphere. The described two-step post-treatment procedure after EBID presents a new pathway for the fabrication of clean localized nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schirmer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Conradi L, Bleckmann A, Schirmer M, Sprenger T, Homayounfar K, Wolff HA, Becker H, Ghadimi BM, Beissbarth T, Liersch T. Biomarker study in rectal cancer patients after 5FU-based radiochemotherapy: Evaluation of the prognostic capacity of thymidylate synthase in pretreatment biopsies and resected adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
435 Background: Fluorouracil (5FU) remains the backbone of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) as well as adjuvant therapeutic strategies in multimodal treatment of rectal cancer patients. Due to its central role as the major target of 5FU thymidylate synthase (TS) is a promising biomarker in rectal cancer. We assessed TS in 208 patients with regard to its predictive/prognostic capacity for disease free DFS and overall cancer specific survival (CSS). Methods: 167 patients cUICC stages II (28%) and III (72%) received preoperative 5FU based RCT followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) A comparison group n = 41 received postoperative RCT after primary TME. All patients were treated after standardized protocols within phase-II/-III trials of the German Rectal Cancer Study Group. TS levels from pretreatment biopsies and corresponding resection specimens were assessed by immunohistochemical staining for their impact on DFS and CSS. Additionally, a TS gene polymorphism (28 bp repeat) was analysed in respect to intracellular protein expression levels and prognostic significance. Results: Patients with low TS expression in pre-treatment biopsies showed a correlation with impaired CSS (p = 0.015). After neoadjuvant RCT there was evidence of lymph node metastases ypUICC stage III in 32.6%. Complete histopathologically confirmed tumor regression TRG 4 was achieved in 16 patients (9.5%). During follow-up (median 57 months) patients with low intratumoral TS expression and positive nodal status were at high risk for local and/or distant metastatic recurrence (p = 0.040). Analysis of the 28bp repeat revealed a correlation of *3/*3 genotype with high TS expression in pretherapeutical biopsies (p = 0.05). Conclusions: TS represents a prognostic biomarker in locally advanced rectal cancer indicating an unfavourable outcome for patients with low TS expression and might help to adapt adjuvant therapy regimens by stratifying patients according to their risk for cancer recurrence. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Conradi
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Radiooncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, GA, Germany
| | - A. Bleckmann
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Radiooncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, GA, Germany
| | - M. Schirmer
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Radiooncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, GA, Germany
| | - T. Sprenger
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Radiooncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, GA, Germany
| | - K. Homayounfar
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Radiooncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, GA, Germany
| | - H. A. Wolff
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Radiooncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, GA, Germany
| | - H. Becker
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Radiooncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, GA, Germany
| | - B. M. Ghadimi
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Radiooncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, GA, Germany
| | - T. Beissbarth
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Radiooncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, GA, Germany
| | - T. Liersch
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Radiooncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, GA, Germany
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Dejaco C, Duftner C, Wipfler-Freißmuth E, Weiss H, Graninger WB, Schirmer M. Similar performance of DAS-28, CDAI, and SDAI in rheumatoid arthritis patients with and without sonographic signs of active inflammation in routine clinical practice. Scand J Rheumatol 2011; 40:234-6. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2010.532505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Taha H, Bareksei Y, Albanna W, Schirmer M. Ligamentum flavum cyst in the lumbar spine: a case report and review of the literature. J Orthop Traumatol 2010; 11:117-22. [PMID: 20582448 PMCID: PMC2896575 DOI: 10.1007/s10195-010-0094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Degenerative changes in the lumbar spine can be followed by cystic changes. Most reported intraspinal cysts are ganglion or synovial cysts. Ligamentum flavum pseudocyst, as a cystic lesion in the lumbar spine, is a rare and unusual cause of neurologic signs and symptoms and is usually seen in elderly persons (due to degenerative changes). They are preferentially located in the lower lumbar region, while cervical localization is rare. Complete removal of the cyst leads to excellent results and seems to preclude recurrence. We report the case of a right-sided ligamentum flavum cyst occurring at L3–L4 level in a 70-year-old woman, which was surgically removed with excellent postoperative results and complete resolution of symptoms. In addition, we discuss and review reports in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Taha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Solingen, Gotenstrasse 1, 42653, Solingen, Germany.
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Etzold B, Glenk F, Schirmer M, Gütlein S. Synthese mikroporöser Kohlenstoffschäume für katalytische Anwendungen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200900139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Taha H, Schirmer M. Clear Cell Meningeoma of the Brainstem in a 3.5-year-old Child: Case Report and Review of the Literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 71:148-51. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Musolff A, Leschik S, Schafmeister MT, Reinstorf F, Strauch G, Krieg R, Schirmer M. Evaluation of xenobiotic impact on urban receiving waters by means of statistical methods. Water Sci Technol 2010; 62:684-692. [PMID: 20706016 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Xenobiotics in urban receiving waters are an emerging problem. A sound knowledge of xenobiotic input, distribution and fate in the aquatic environment is a prerequisite for risk assessments. Methods to assess the impact of xenobiotics on urban receiving waters should address the diverse characteristics of the target compounds and the spatiotemporal variability of concentrations. Here, we present results from a one-year-monitoring program concerning concentrations of pharmaceuticals, additives from personal care products and industrial chemicals in an urban drainage catchment in untreated and treated wastewater, surface water and groundwater. Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were applied to characterize the xenobiotic concentrations. Correlation and principal component analysis revealed a pronounced pattern of xenobiotics in the surface water samples. The concentrations of several xenobiotics were characterized by a negative proportionality to the water temperature. Therefore, seasonal attenuation is assumed to be a major process influencing the measured concentrations. Moreover, dilution of xenobiotics the surface water was found to significantly influence the concentrations. These two processes control more the xenobiotic occurrence in the surface water than the less pronounced concentration pattern in the wastewater sources. For the groundwater samples, we assume that foremost attenuation processes lead to the found differentiation of xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Musolff
- Department of Hydrogeology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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Abstract
Giant cell arteritis is the most common systemic vasculitis and affects large and medium-sized vessels. Glucocorticoids are the current standard in the therapy of giant cell arteritis. To reduce the glucocorticoid dose the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) suggests the addition of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Of these, methotrexate represents the best investigated drug; possible alternatives include azathioprine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors and cyclophosphamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wipfler-Freissmuth
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin, A. ö. KH der Elisabethinen, Völkermarkter Str. 15-19, 9020 Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Osterreich.
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Schirmer M, Jekle M, Hussein M, Becker T. Betrachtung von Strukturbildungsreaktionen bei thermischer Behandlung von Getreideprodukten. CHEM-ING-TECH 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200950641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Schirmer M, Glenk F, Etzold B. Synthese hierarchisch strukturierter Katalysatorträger mittels Gasphasen-Reaktionen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200950017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dejaco C, Duftner C, Klotz W, Schirmer M, Herold M. Antibodies against mutated citrullinated vimentin fail to predict anti‐TNFα treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2009; 38:66-7. [DOI: 10.1080/03009740802220067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Dejaco C, Wipfler-Freißmuth E, Duftner C, Schirmer M. Möglichkeiten der Krankheitsaktivitätsmessung bei Vaskulitiden im klinischen Alltag. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1225367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wipfler-Freibmuth E, Dejaco C, Duftner C, Gaugg M, Kriessmayr-Lungkofler M, Schirmer M. Urate oxidase (rasburicase) for treatment of severe acute gout: a case report. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2009; 27:658-660. [PMID: 19772802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A 73-year-old female patient was referred to our department because of gouty arthritis in the right first toe. The patient suffered from progressive renal failure because of pauci-immune necrotising glomerulonephritis. As severe hyperuricaemia would further worsen progredient renal insufficiency and therapy with allopurinol was contraindicated because of renal insufficiency and previous pancytopenia, the patient was treated twice with intravenous rasburicase. This therapy was well tolerated by the patient and led to the decrease of serum uric acid below the detection limit within 24 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wipfler-Freibmuth
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of the Elisabethinen, Klagenfurt, Austria
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Jaksch W, Dejaco C, Schirmer M. 4 years after withdrawal of rofecoxib: where do we stand today? Rheumatol Int 2008; 28:1187-95. [PMID: 18663451 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-008-0650-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Accepted: 07/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
On the 24th of October 2006, the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) stated that "it cannot be excluded that non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsNSAIDs) may be associated with a small increase in the absolute risk for thrombotic events". Reviewing the most recent literature including meta-analyses of randomized clinical studies and pharmacoepidemiological studies show that this statement contrasts with the 2005 EMEA evaluation of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, which contained a number of regulations including several contraindications for coxibs. Recent clinical data indicate that the entire substance group of NSAIDs may have cardiovascular side effects but to different degrees. Results of basic research support these observations showing that the increase for cardiovascular risk not only depends on the ratio of inhibition of thromboxan and prostacyclin but also on other mechanisms including blood pressure elevation and cyclooxygenase independent actions. In clinical practice, many patients require anti-inflammatory therapy with NSAIDs but are at high cardiovascular and gastrointestinal risk. The combination of nsNSAIDs with proton pump inhibitors shows comparable safety to coxibs in averting upper gastrointestinal events, but evidence is increasing coxibs have advantages regarding lower gastrointestinal side effects. Concomitant therapy with aspirin is another issue. There is a negative effect on gastrointestinal safety, as well as the influence of nsNSAIDs on the cardioprotective effect of aspirin. As the contraindications for coxibs announced by the EMEA may prevent some patients from receiving optimal treatment, a warning for the entire substance group, as issued by the American Food and Drug Administration, with no contraindictions, would certainly be more reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Jaksch
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Wilhelminenspital, der Stadt Wien, Montleartstrasse 37, 1160 Vienna, Austria.
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Klauser AS, Wipfler E, Dejaco C, Moriggl B, Duftner C, Schirmer M. Diagnostic values of history and clinical examination to predict ultrasound signs of chronic and acute enthesitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2008; 26:548-553. [PMID: 18799083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the diagnostic values of history of chronic enthesitic pain and clinical signs of acutely inflamed entheses to predict ultrasound (US) signs of enthesitis. METHODS Cohort study of 21 consecutive rheumatic out-patients (female/male 18/3) with suspected multiple enthesitis and 12 controls (female/male 10/2). 429 enthesal sites according to the Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Entheses Score (MASES) were evaluated by history, clinical examination, B-mode and power Doppler US. Sensitivity and specificity of history suggesting chronic enthesitic pain and clinical examination suggesting acute enthesitis were calculated using corresponding US findings as reference standard. RESULTS Diagnostic accuracy widely varied between different MASES sites. Sensitivity and specificity of selected MASES points were 66.7 - 86.4% and 85.0 - 91.7% for history and 71.4 - 87.0% and 47.4 - 75.0% for clinical examination, respectively (p<0.05 for each). CONCLUSION At specific enthesal sites, history of chronic enthesitic pain and clinical signs of acute inflammation are sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of chronic and/or acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Klauser
- Clinical Department of Radiology II, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
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