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Elliott CA, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Mirza NM. Parent report of binge eating in Hispanic, African American and Caucasian youth. Eat Behav 2013; 14:1-6. [PMID: 23265393 PMCID: PMC3680352 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Binge eating is prevalent among weight loss treatment-seeking youth. However, there are limited data on the relationship between binge eating and weight in racial or ethnically diverse youth. We therefore examined 409 obese (BMI≥95th percentile for age and sex) treatment-seeking Hispanic (29.1%), Caucasian (31.7%), and African American (39.2%), boys and girls (6-18 years). Weight, height, waist circumference, and body fat were measured to assess body composition. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Children's Depression Inventory and disordered eating cognitions were measured with the Children's Eating Attitudes Test. Accounting for age, sex, body fat mass, and height, the odds of parents reporting that their child engaged in binge eating were significantly higher among Caucasian compared to African American youth, with Hispanic youth falling non-significantly between these two groups. Youth with binge eating had greater body adiposity (p=.02), waist circumference (p=.02), depressive symptoms (p=.01), and disordered eating attitudes (p=.04), with no difference between racial or ethnic group. We conclude that, regardless of race or ethnicity, binge eating is prevalent among weight loss treatment-seeking youth and is associated with adiposity and psychological distress. Further research is required to elucidate the extent to which binge eating among racially and ethnically diverse youth differentially impacts weight loss outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camden A. Elliott
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, DHHS,Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, DHHS,Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
| | - Nazrat M. Mirza
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, DHHS,Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC
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Wolkoff LE, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Shomaker LB, Kozlosky M, Columbo KM, Elliott CA, Ranzenhofer LM, Osborn RL, Yanovski SZ, Yanovski JA. Self-reported vs. actual energy intake in youth with and without loss of control eating. Eat Behav 2011; 12:15-20. [PMID: 21184968 PMCID: PMC3053020 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Episodes of loss of control over eating (LOC) in children and adolescents--often characterized by the consumption of highly palatable dessert and snack-type foods--have been associated with a lack of awareness while eating that could lead to under- or over-estimation of how much food is consumed. However, little is known about the reporting accuracy of food intake in youth with and without LOC eating. One hundred fifty-six girls and boys were administered the Eating Disorder Examination to assess for the presence of LOC eating. Youth were queried regarding the amounts of foods consumed directly following a multi-item, laboratory buffet test meal. Children with LOC (n=42) did not differ significantly from youth without LOC (n=114) in reporting accuracy of total food intake (reported minus actual energy intake: 153.0 ± 59.6 vs. 96.9 ± 36.0 kcal; p=0.42). However, compared to those without LOC, children with LOC were less accurate at reporting percentage of energy intake from carbohydrate (p=0.01). Youth with LOC were also less accurate at reporting their intake of desserts (p=0.04). Findings point to the possibility that youth with LOC may have poorer recall of sweet food consumption. Future research is required to examine whether poorer recall reflects a lack of awareness while eating palatable, sweet foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Wolkoff
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
| | - Lauren B. Shomaker
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
| | | | - Kelli M. Columbo
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
| | - Camden A. Elliott
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
| | - Lisa M. Ranzenhofer
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
| | - Robyn L. Osborn
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
| | - Susan Z. Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, DHHS
| | - Jack A. Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS
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Merwin RM, Zucker NL, Lacy JL, Elliott CA. Interoceptive awareness in eating disorders: Distinguishing lack of clarity from non-acceptance of internal experience. Cogn Emot 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/02699930902985845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Elliott CA, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Shomaker LB, Columbo KM, Wolkoff LE, Ranzenhofer LM, Yanovski JA. An examination of the interpersonal model of loss of control eating in children and adolescents. Behav Res Ther 2010; 48:424-8. [PMID: 20074702 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2009.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The interpersonal model of binge eating disorder proposes that social problems lead to negative affect which, in turn, precipitates binge eating episodes. However, no study to date has examined this model among youth who report loss of control (LOC) eating. Participants were 219 non-treatment-seeking children and adolescent volunteers, age 8-17 years (13.1 +/- 2.8 y; 50% female). Children's social problems were assessed by parent report. Youth completed self-report questionnaires of negative affect that assessed depressive symptoms and anxiety. Participants were interviewed to determine the presence or absence of LOC eating in the month prior to assessment. Structural equation modeling analyses found that social problems were positively related to LOC eating presence (p = .02). Negative affect mediated the relationship between social problems and LOC eating (95% CI Product = .00247, .01336). These preliminary results suggest that the interpersonal model of binge eating may describe one possible pathway for the development of LOC eating among non-treatment-seeking youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camden A Elliott
- Unit on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, USA
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Clawson EP, Palinski KS, Elliott CA. Outcome of intensive oral motor and behavioural interventions for feeding difficulties in three children with Goldenhar Syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 9:65-75. [PMID: 16352509 DOI: 10.1080/13638490500144809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The facial anomalies and surgeries associated with Goldenhar Syndrome often lead to feeding problems. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the outcome of Goldenhar Syndrome children admitted to the day patient paediatric feeding programme. SUBJECTS Three children with Goldenhar Syndrome and feeding difficulties participated, mean age 3 years. Average length of stay was 8 weeks. Upon admission all were dependent on tube feedings. METHODS The children received four therapeutic sessions daily. The sessions included oral motor interventions, behavioural techniques and a structured meal. Data regarding children's feeding were collected at admission and discharge. RESULTS The patients had 52% acceptance of food/drink at admission and 88.7% at discharge. Expels were 30% at admission and 14% at discharge. Mouth clean was 9.3% at admission and 97% at discharge. Total inappropriate feeding behaviours averaged 83% at admission and 27.3% at discharge. Children averaged 3.4 g per meal at admission and 105.4 g at discharge. Two children were completely weaned from tube feedings by discharge. CONCLUSIONS Results support the hypothesis that combining oral motor and behavioural interventions offer effective treatment for children with Goldenhar Syndrome. Many children with Goldenhar Syndrome are reliant on tube feedings and this regimen allows them to eat orally, thereby improving their nutrition and quality of life.
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Duggan AE, Elliott CA, Miller P, Hawkey CJ, Logan RFA. Clinical trial: a randomized trial of early endoscopy, Helicobacter pylori testing and empirical therapy for the management of dyspepsia in primary care. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009; 29:55-68. [PMID: 18801056 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03852.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early endoscopy, Helicobacter pylori eradication and empirical acid suppression are commonly used dyspepsia management strategies in primary care but have not been directly compared in a single trial. AIM To compare endoscopy, H. pylori test and refer, H. pylori test and treat and empirical acid suppression for dyspepsia in primary care. METHODS Patients presenting to their general practitioner with dyspepsia were randomized to endoscopy, H. pylori'test and treat', H. pylori test and endoscope positives, or empirical therapy with symptoms, patient satisfaction, healthcare costs and cost effectiveness at 12 months being the outcomes. RESULTS At 2 months, the proportion of patients reporting no or minimal dyspeptic symptoms ranged from 74% for those having early endoscopy to 55% for those on empirical therapy (P = 0.009), but at 1 year, there was little difference among the four strategies. Early endoscopy was associated with fewer subsequent consultations for dyspepsia (P = 0.003). 'Test and treat' resulted in fewer endoscopies overall and was most cost-effective over a range of cost assumptions. Empirical therapy resulted in the lowest initial costs, but the highest rate of subsequent endoscopy. Gastro-oesophageal cancers were found in four patients randomized to the H. pylori testing strategies. CONCLUSIONS While early endoscopy offered some advantages 'Test and treat' was the most cost-effective strategy. In older patients, early endoscopy may be an appropriate strategy in view of the greater risk of malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Duggan
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Elliott CA. Science at Harvard University, 1846-47: a case study of the character and functions of written documents. Am Arch 2001; 57:448-60. [PMID: 11618519 DOI: 10.17723/aarc.57.3.mu186003542g3356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This paper explores surviving documentation and what it reveals about the underlying social structure and relations in a historic time and place. The mid-nineteenth century is chosen as a period prior to modern bureaucracies so that documents are not found in defining filing systems. Some six hundred documents are studied individually and characterized collectively. They are examined not to tell a story, however, but for evidence of their creation and maintenance and of their physical types, functional characteristics, and relations between authors and recipients. The study reveals the fruitfulness of such an orientation to documents, which complements traditional historical uses that emphasize document content.
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Robertson CM, Cheung PY, Haluschak MM, Elliott CA, Leonard NJ. High prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss among survivors of neonatal congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Western Canadian ECMO Follow-up Group. Am J Otol 1998; 19:730-6. [PMID: 9831145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in 2-5-year-old survivors with neonatal respiratory failure due to congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) with or without the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). STUDY DESIGN The study design was a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal outcome study of consecutively surviving neonates admitted to a single tertiary intensive care unit. SETTING The study was conducted at four audiologic departments affiliated with tertiary-level intensive care follow-up programs. PATIENTS Thirty-seven surviving children receiving neonatal intensive care from February 1989 through January 1995 for neonatal respiratory failure due to CDH were studied. Excluded were 15 children with early death and I child lost to follow-up. INTERVENTION The initial treatment depended on the severity of neonatal respiratory failure: ECMO-treated (n=31, 20 survivors) (death before ECMO initiation, 2) and non-ECMO treated (n=20, 17 survivors, another survivor lost to follow-up). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Early childhood audiologic test results were measured. RESULTS Sensorineural hearing loss was found in almost 60% of subjects: ECMO-treated, 12 (60%) of 20; non-ECMO-treated, 10 (59%) of 17. Of the 22 children with SNHL, 16 had mild- to-moderate low-frequency sloping to moderate-to-severe high-frequency loss. Of the remaining, six had severe-to-profound loss at 500 Hz and above. Seventeen children had normal responses to sound as newborns or in infancy. Five children were not tested. Documented progression was found in nine children. Twenty children currently are using amplification, and 2 have had cochlear implantation. CONCLUSIONS Of children with CDH in this area presenting early with severe neonatal respiratory failure, SNHL developed in 60% by 2-5 years of life. Ongoing monitoring of the hearing status of children with CDH is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Robertson
- Neonatal and Infant Follow-up Clinic, Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital Site, Capital Health Authority, Edmonton, Alberta
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Abstract
We reviewed 10 children who presented with facial paralysis after the onset of acute otitis media. The objective of the study was to examine the outcome of facial paralysis in children with acute otitis media treated without facial nerve decompression. Two groups were identified: 8 patients with incomplete paralysis and 2 with complete paralysis. Seven of the 8 patients with incomplete paralysis had rapid return of function after myringotomy and intravenous antibiotics. The eighth patient had delayed recovery requiring 9 months before complete return of function. The 2 patients with complete paralysis required mastoidectomy to control otorrhea and fever after initial myringotomy and antibiotics. Both patients had a prolonged recovery requiring 3 and 7 months for complete recovery. Patients with incomplete paralysis generally show rapid improvement following wide myringotomy and antibiotic treatment. A more protracted recovery may be expected in patients with complete paralysis; excellent return of function is expected when mastoidectomy without facial nerve decompression is employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Elliott
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20010, USA
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Wilson KG, Stelzer J, Bergman JN, Kral MJ, Inayatullah M, Elliott CA. Problem solving, stress, and coping in adolescent suicide attempts. Suicide Life Threat Behav 1995; 25:241-52. [PMID: 7570785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Twenty adolescents who had made suicide attempts were compared with 20 nonpsychiatric control subjects on measures of problem solving, stress, and coping. The suicidal group did not show evidence of "rigid" thinking or of deficits in the ability to generate solutions to standardized interpersonal problems. However, they did report recent histories of more severe life stress and had inaccurate appraisal of the extent to which stressful events could be controlled. Although suicidal patients were able to generate as many adaptive strategies as control subjects for coping with their own most severe recent real-life stressor, they actually used fewer. They were also more likely to identify maladaptive behaviors as ways of coping. These findings support a transactional model of adolescent suicidal behavior, whereby inaccuracies in the appraisal aspects of problem solving (but not in the solution-generation aspects) in the face of high life stress lead to a reduction in the use of adaptive efforts to cope.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Wilson
- Department of Psychology, Rehabilitation Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Elliott CA, Brownrigg PJ, Thomas MJ. Tissue clay: an experimental model to evaluate its performance in soft tissue augmentation and its biologic fate. J Otolaryngol 1992; 21:327-30. [PMID: 1469752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tissue clay (a mixture of autologous whole blood and microfibrillar collagen--Avitene) has been proposed as a medium for reconstruction in cosmetic and reconstructive deformities of the face. Its performance and biologic fate has not been evaluated experimentally. The current study employs a model using the rabbit pinna to determine, histologically, the fate of a tissue clay implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Elliott
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Price VH, Elliott CA, Wallace WA, Macpherson MBA. Perimenopausal women's views on hormone replacement therapy. West J Med 1990. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.300.6733.1196-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stelzer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Elliott CA. History of Science Centers. Science 1982; 218:638. [PMID: 17791568 DOI: 10.1126/science.218.4573.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Elliott CA. The American scientist in antebellum society: a quantitative view. Soc Stud Sci 1975; 5:93-108. [PMID: 11610130 DOI: 10.1177/030631277500500107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Elliott CA. Sources for the history of science in the Harvard University Archives. Harv Libr Bull 1974; 22:49-71. [PMID: 11609744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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