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Crespillo C, Moreno S. Antiviral therapy and immunotherapy of COVID-19. Rev Esp Quimioter 2021; 34 Suppl 1:57-59. [PMID: 34598429 PMCID: PMC8683015 DOI: 10.37201/req/s01.17.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological treatment of COVID-19 has evolved in the months since the description of the disease. Published observational studies and, above all, clinical trials have highlighted drugs that are useful as well as ruled out any benefit from other drugs used at the beginning of the pandemic. The pathogenesis of the disease has suggested that patients may benefit from the administration of both antivirals, mainly in the earliest stages, and anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory medications in more advanced stages. We present a short review of the drugs used and under investigation for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Moreno
- Santiago Moreno Guillén, Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
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Norman FF, Henríquez-Camacho C, Díaz-Menendez M, Chamorro S, Pou D, Molina I, Goikoetxea J, Rodríguez-Guardado A, Calabuig E, Crespillo C, Oliveira I, Pérez-Molina JA, López-Velez R. Imported Arbovirus Infections in Spain, 2009-2018. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 26:658-666. [PMID: 32186486 PMCID: PMC7101102 DOI: 10.3201/eid2604.190443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of patients in Spain with imported arbovirus infections, we analyzed 22,655 records from a collaborative network for January 2009-December 2018. Among 861 arbovirus infections, 845 were monoinfections (456 [53%] dengue, 280 [32.5%] chikungunya, 109 [12.7%] Zika) and 16 (1.8%) were co-infections. Most patients were travelers (56.3%) or immigrants returning to Spain after visiting friends or relatives (31.3%). Median patient age was 37 years; most (62.3%) were women and some (28.6%) had received pretravel advice. Only 12 patients were immunosuppressed. Six cases (all dengue monoinfections, none in immunosuppressed patients) were severe. Since 2014, nondengue arbovirus infections increased; until 2016, chikungunya and Zika were most common. Imported arbovirus infections (mostly dengue) were frequently diagnosed, although increased chikungunya and Zika virus infections coincided with their introduction and spread in the Americas. A large proportion of cases occurred in women of childbearing age, some despite receipt of pretravel advice.
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Ron R, Cabello A, Gosalbes MJ, Sánchez-Conde M, Talavera-Rodríguez A, Zamora J, Monge-Maillo B, Jiménez D, Martínez-Sanz J, López Y, Crespillo C, Velasco T, Moreno S, Pérez-Molina JA, Serrano-Villar S. Exploiting the Microbiota for the Diagnosis of Anal Precancerous Lesions in Men Who Have Sex With Men. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:1247-1256. [PMID: 33544868 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the microbiota has been associated with HPV malignant transformation, it is unclear whether anal bacteria could improve the low specificity of anal cytology for the screening of high grade intraepithelial squamous neoplasia (HSIL). METHODOLOGY We recruited MSM undergoing anal cytology and high-resolution anoscopy. We assessed the microbiota composition from fecal samples and cytobrush anal samples using 16SrDNA sequencing in subjects with and without biopsy-proven HSIL (bHSIL). We selected bacterial biomarkers based on their linear discriminant analysis (LDA). We assessed their predictive performance using logistic regression and bootstrap resampling. RESULTS We included 128 individuals, 47 (36.7%) with bHSIL and 99 (77.3%) with HIV. We detected 40 potential predictors of bHSIL. Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group, Alloprevotella genus, Prevotella melanonigenica and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 were the most predictive of bHSIL. From 35 false-positive cytologic results, the combination of these four biomarkers with the anal cytology reclassified to true negative 33 (94%) individuals and showed good diagnostic performance (AUC 0.805, 95%CI 0.728 - 0.882). CONCLUSIONS We found anal-associated bacteria indicative of a higher risk of precancerous anal lesions, which combination was highly specific. The microbiota could be developed as a complementary diagnostic tool to overcome the limitations of the current screening strategy for anal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ron
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Cabello
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Gosalbes
- Area of Genomics and Health, FISABIO-Salud Pública, Valencia, Spain
- CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matilde Sánchez-Conde
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Zamora
- CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Monge-Maillo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Jiménez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez-Sanz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda López
- Area of Genomics and Health, FISABIO-Salud Pública, Valencia, Spain
- CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Crespillo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara Velasco
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Moreno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Pérez-Molina
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Serrano-Villar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
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Díaz-Menéndez M, de la Calle-Prieto F, Arsuaga M, Trigo E, Guevara CLD, Barreiro P, Crespillo C, Lago M. [Hotline for Zika virus: experience of a tropical and travel medicine unit]. Gac Sanit 2017. [PMID: 28645459 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The current outbreak of Zika virus has caused great social alarm, generated in part by the lack of information in the general population. In order to provide accurate and verified information, the Tropical and Travel Medicine Unit of Hospital Carlos III-La Paz (Madrid, Spain) established a hotline for Zika virus infection. We present the data concerning the first 6 months of operation of the telephone hotline. The predominant call profile consisted of women seeking information about the risk of acquiring the disease before travelling. Brazil, Mexico and Colombia were the destinations for which the most information was requested. Most of the consultations were resolved by providing information only. The implementation of call devices that provide confirmed and reliable information on diseases associated with great alarm are of significant public health interest, as they reduce the number of unnecessary medical consultations and save on medical costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Díaz-Menéndez
- Unidad de Medicina Tropical y del Viajero, Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital La Paz-Carlos III, Madrid, España.
| | - Fernando de la Calle-Prieto
- Unidad de Medicina Tropical y del Viajero, Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital La Paz-Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Marta Arsuaga
- Unidad de Medicina Tropical y del Viajero, Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital La Paz-Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Elena Trigo
- Unidad de Medicina Tropical y del Viajero, Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital La Paz-Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | | | - Pablo Barreiro
- Unidad de Medicina Tropical y del Viajero, Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital La Paz-Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Clara Crespillo
- Unidad de Medicina Tropical y del Viajero, Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital La Paz-Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Mar Lago
- Unidad de Medicina Tropical y del Viajero, Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital La Paz-Carlos III, Madrid, España
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