1
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Leone MA, Gelati M, Profico DC, Gobbi C, Pravatà E, Copetti M, Conti C, Abate L, Amoruso L, Apollo F, Balzano RF, Bicchi I, Carella M, Ciampini A, Colosimo C, Crociani P, D'Aloisio G, Di Viesti P, Ferrari D, Fogli D, Fontana A, Frondizi D, Grespi V, Kuhle J, Laborante A, Lombardi I, Muzi G, Paci F, Placentino G, Popolizio T, Ricciolini C, Sabatini S, Silveri G, Spera C, Stephenson D, Stipa G, Tinella E, Zarrelli M, Zecca C, Ventura Y, D'Alessandro A, Peruzzotti-Jametti L, Pluchino S, Vescovi AL. Phase I clinical trial of intracerebroventricular transplantation of allogeneic neural stem cells in people with progressive multiple sclerosis. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1597-1609.e8. [PMID: 38016468 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the analysis of 1 year of data from the first cohort of 15 patients enrolled in an open-label, first-in-human, dose-escalation phase I study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03282760, EudraCT2015-004855-37) to determine the feasibility, safety, and tolerability of the transplantation of allogeneic human neural stem/progenitor cells (hNSCs) for the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Participants were treated with hNSCs delivered via intracerebroventricular injection in combination with an immunosuppressive regimen. No treatment-related deaths nor serious adverse events (AEs) were observed. All participants displayed stability of clinical and laboratory outcomes, as well as lesion load and brain activity (MRI), compared with the study entry. Longitudinal metabolomics and lipidomics of biological fluids identified time- and dose-dependent responses with increased levels of acyl-carnitines and fatty acids in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The absence of AEs and the stability of functional and structural outcomes are reassuring and represent a milestone for the safe translation of stem cells into regenerative medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio A Leone
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gelati
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniela C Profico
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudio Gobbi
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre (MSC), Department of Neurology, Neurocentre of Southern Switzerland, EOC, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Pravatà
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre (MSC), Department of Neurology, Neurocentre of Southern Switzerland, EOC, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; Department of Neuroradiology, Neurocentre of Southern Switzerland, EOC, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Carlo Conti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th A - L18-9118, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lucrezia Abate
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Amoruso
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Apollo
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosario F Balzano
- Department of Neuroradiology, Neurocentre of Southern Switzerland, EOC, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Bicchi
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy; AOSP Santa Maria, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Colosimo
- AOSP Santa Maria, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Paola Crociani
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giada D'Aloisio
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Pietro Di Viesti
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniela Ferrari
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Danilo Fogli
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Fontana
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Grespi
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy; AOSP Santa Maria, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Jens Kuhle
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Laborante
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Ivan Lombardi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Muzi
- AOSP Santa Maria, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Francesca Paci
- AOSP Santa Maria, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Giuliana Placentino
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Teresa Popolizio
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudia Ricciolini
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy; AOSP Santa Maria, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | | | - Giada Silveri
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Cristina Spera
- AOSP Santa Maria, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Daniel Stephenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th A - L18-9118, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Giuseppe Stipa
- AOSP Santa Maria, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Elettra Tinella
- AOSP Santa Maria, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Michele Zarrelli
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Chiara Zecca
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre (MSC), Department of Neurology, Neurocentre of Southern Switzerland, EOC, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Yendri Ventura
- Abu Dhabi Stem Cell Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th A - L18-9118, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Luca Peruzzotti-Jametti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, UK; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stefano Pluchino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, UK.
| | - Angelo L Vescovi
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy.
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Profico DC, Gelati M, Ferrari D, Sgaravizzi G, Ricciolini C, Projetti Pensi M, Muzi G, Cajola L, Copetti M, Ciusani E, Pugliese R, Gelain F, Vescovi AL. Human Neural Stem Cell-Based Drug Product: Clinical and Nonclinical Characterization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113425. [PMID: 36362211 PMCID: PMC9653902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation of cell therapies into clinical practice requires the adoption of robust production protocols in order to optimize and standardize the manufacture and cryopreservation of cells, in compliance with good manufacturing practice regulations. Between 2012 and 2020, we conducted two phase I clinical trials (EudraCT 2009-014484-39, EudraCT 2015-004855-37) on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis secondary progressive multiple sclerosis patients, respectively, treating them with human neural stem cells. Our production process of a hNSC-based medicinal product is the first to use brain tissue samples extracted from fetuses that died in spontaneous abortion or miscarriage. It consists of selection, isolation and expansion of hNSCs and ends with the final pharmaceutical formulation tailored to a specific patient, in compliance with the approved clinical protocol. The cells used in these clinical trials were analyzed in order to confirm their microbiological safety; each batch was also tested to assess identity, potency and safety through morphological and functional assays. Preclinical, clinical and in vitro nonclinical data have proved that our cells are safe and stable, and that the production process can provide a high level of reproducibility of the cultures. Here, we describe the quality control strategy for the characterization of the hNSCs used in the above-mentioned clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Celeste Profico
- Unità Produttiva per Terapie Avanzate, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gelati
- Unità Produttiva per Terapie Avanzate, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, AOSP S. Maria, 05100 Terni, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniela Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Giada Sgaravizzi
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, AOSP S. Maria, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Claudia Ricciolini
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, AOSP S. Maria, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Massimo Projetti Pensi
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, AOSP S. Maria, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Muzi
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, AOSP S. Maria, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Laura Cajola
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Unità di Biostatistica, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Laboratorio Analisi, Instituto Nazionale Neurologico C. Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pugliese
- Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gelain
- Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Angelo Luigi Vescovi
- Unità Produttiva per Terapie Avanzate, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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3
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Grespi V, Caprera C, Ricciolini C, Bicchi I, Muzi G, Corsi M, Ascani S, Vescovi AL, Gelati M. Human neural stem cells drug product: Microsatellite instability analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273679. [PMID: 36040977 PMCID: PMC9426914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In central nervous system neurodegenerative disorders, stem cell-based therapies should be considered as a promising therapeutic approach. The safe use of human Neural Stem Cells (hNSCs) for the treatment of several neurological diseases is currently under evaluation of phase I/II clinical trials. Clinical application of hNSCs require the development of GMP standardized protocols capable of generating high quantities of reproducible and well characterized stem cells bearing stable functional and genetic properties. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate possible instabilities or modifications of the microsatellite loci in different culture passages because high culture passages represent an in vitro replicative stress leading to senescence. Experimental method: The hNSCs were characterized at different culture time points, from passage 2 to passage 25, by genetic typing at ten microsatellite loci. Conclusion We showed that genetic stability at microsatellite loci is maintained by the cells even at high passages adding a further demonstration of the safety of our hNSCs GMP culture method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maurizio Gelati
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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4
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Mazzini L, Gelati M, Profico DC, Sorarù G, Ferrari D, Copetti M, Muzi G, Ricciolini C, Carletti S, Giorgi C, Spera C, Frondizi D, Masiero S, Stecco A, Cisari C, Bersano E, De Marchi F, Sarnelli MF, Querin G, Cantello R, Petruzzelli F, Maglione A, Zalfa C, Binda E, Visioli A, Trombetta D, Torres B, Bernardini L, Gaiani A, Massara M, Paolucci S, Boulis NM, Vescovi AL. Results from Phase I Clinical Trial with Intraspinal Injection of Neural Stem Cells in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Long-Term Outcome. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:887-897. [PMID: 31104357 PMCID: PMC6708070 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this phase I trial was to assess the feasibility and safety of microtransplanting human neural stem cell (hNSC) lines into the spinal cord of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Eighteen patients with a definite diagnosis of ALS received microinjections of hNSCs into the gray matter tracts of the lumbar or cervical spinal cord. Patients were monitored before and after transplantation by clinical, psychological, neuroradiological, and neurophysiological assessment. For up to 60 months after surgery, none of the patients manifested severe adverse effects or increased disease progression because of the treatment. Eleven patients died, and two underwent tracheotomy as a result of the natural history of the disease. We detected a transitory decrease in progression of ALS Functional Rating Scale Revised, starting within the first month after surgery and up to 4 months after transplantation. Our results show that transplantation of hNSC is a safe procedure that causes no major deleterious effects over the short or long term. This study is the first example of medical transplantation of a highly standardized cell drug product, which can be reproducibly and stably expanded ex vivo, comprising hNSC that are not immortalized, and are derived from the forebrain of the same two donors throughout this entire study as well as across future trials. Our experimental design provides benefits in terms of enhancing both intra‐ and interstudy reproducibility and homogeneity. Given the potential therapeutic effects of the hNSCs, our observations support undertaking future phase II clinical studies in which increased cell dosages are studied in larger cohorts of patients. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:887&897
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Mazzini
- Eastern Piedmont University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Dipartimento di Neurologia, Novara
| | - Maurizio Gelati
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, Italy.,Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Advanced Therapies Production Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniela Celeste Profico
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Advanced Therapies Production Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianni Sorarù
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniela Ferrari
- Biotechnology and Bioscience Department Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Biostatistic Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Muzi
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, Italy
| | - Claudia Ricciolini
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, Italy
| | - Sandro Carletti
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, "Santa Maria" Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Cesare Giorgi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, "Santa Maria" Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Cristina Spera
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, "Santa Maria" Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Domenico Frondizi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, "Santa Maria" Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Stefano Masiero
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Stecco
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, "Eastern Piedmont" University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Novara
| | - Carlo Cisari
- Department of Physical Therapy, "Eastern Piedmont" University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Novara
| | - Enrica Bersano
- Eastern Piedmont University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Dipartimento di Neurologia, Novara
| | - Fabiola De Marchi
- Eastern Piedmont University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Dipartimento di Neurologia, Novara
| | - Maria Francesca Sarnelli
- Eastern Piedmont University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Dipartimento di Neurologia, Novara
| | - Giorgia Querin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Cantello
- Eastern Piedmont University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Dipartimento di Neurologia, Novara
| | - Francesco Petruzzelli
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Maglione
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Cristina Zalfa
- Biotechnology and Bioscience Department Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Binda
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Stem Cells Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Trombetta
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Department of Oncology, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Barbara Torres
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cytogenetics Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Laura Bernardini
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cytogenetics Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Maurilio Massara
- Eastern Piedmont University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Dipartimento di Neurologia, Novara
| | - Silvia Paolucci
- Eastern Piedmont University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Dipartimento di Neurologia, Novara
| | | | - Angelo L Vescovi
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, Italy.,Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Advanced Therapies Production Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.,Biotechnology and Bioscience Department Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
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Rosati J, Ferrari D, Altieri F, Tardivo S, Ricciolini C, Fusilli C, Zalfa C, Profico DC, Pinos F, Bernardini L, Torres B, Manni I, Piaggio G, Binda E, Copetti M, Lamorte G, Mazza T, Carella M, Gelati M, Valente EM, Simeone A, Vescovi AL. Establishment of stable iPS-derived human neural stem cell lines suitable for cell therapies. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:937. [PMID: 30224709 PMCID: PMC6141489 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Establishing specific cell lineages from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is vital for cell therapy approaches in regenerative medicine, particularly for neurodegenerative disorders. While neural precursors have been induced from hiPSCs, the establishment of hiPSC-derived human neural stem cells (hiNSCs), with characteristics that match foetal hNSCs and abide by cGMP standards, thus allowing clinical applications, has not been described. We generated hiNSCs by a virus-free technique, whose properties recapitulate those of the clinical-grade hNSCs successfully used in an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) phase I clinical trial. Ex vivo, hiNSCs critically depend on exogenous mitogens for stable self-renewal and amplification and spontaneously differentiate into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and neurons upon their removal. In the brain of immunodeficient mice, hiNSCs engraft and differentiate into neurons and glia, without tumour formation. These findings now warrant the establishment of clinical-grade, autologous and continuous hiNSC lines for clinical trials in neurological diseases such as Huntington’s, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rosati
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Daniela Ferrari
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 220126, Milan, Italy
| | - Filomena Altieri
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Silvia Tardivo
- Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Ricciolini
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Cell Factory e Biobank, Terni Hospital, Via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy
| | - Caterina Fusilli
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Cristina Zalfa
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 220126, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela C Profico
- Production Unit of Advanced Therapies (UPTA), Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Pinos
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 220126, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Bernardini
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Barbara Torres
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Isabella Manni
- Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Binda
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit (ICS), Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Biostatistic Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lamorte
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gelati
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 220126, Milan, Italy.,Stem Cell Laboratory, Cell Factory e Biobank, Terni Hospital, Via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.,Production Unit of Advanced Therapies (UPTA), Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Simeone
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati Traverso, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy.,IRCSS Neuromed, 86077, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Angelo L Vescovi
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy. .,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 220126, Milan, Italy. .,Stem Cell Laboratory, Cell Factory e Biobank, Terni Hospital, Via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.
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Salvi S, Giuliani S, Ricciolini C, Carraro N, Maccaferri M, Presterl T, Ouzunova M, Tuberosa R. Two major quantitative trait loci controlling the number of seminal roots in maize co-map with the root developmental genes rtcs and rum1. J Exp Bot 2016; 67:1149-59. [PMID: 26880748 PMCID: PMC4753855 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The genetic dissection of root architecture and functions allows for a more effective and informed design of novel root ideotypes and paves the way to evaluate their effects on crop resilience to a number of abiotic stresses. In maize, limited attention has been devoted to the genetic analysis of root architecture diversity at the early stage. The difference in embryonic (including seminal and primary) root architecture between the maize reference line B73 (which mostly develops three seminal roots) and the landrace Gaspé Flint (with virtually no seminal roots) was genetically dissected using a collection of introgression lines grown in paper rolls and pots. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified three QTLs controlling seminal root number (SRN) on chromosome bins 1.02, 3.07, and 8.04-8.05, which collectively explained 66% of the phenotypic variation. In all three cases, Gaspé Flint contributed the allele for lower SRN. Primary root dry weight was negatively correlated with SRN (r= -0.52), and QTLs for primary root size co-mapped with SRN QTLs, suggesting a pleiotropic effect of SRN QTLs on the primary root, most probably caused by competition for seed resources. Interestingly, two out of three SRN QTLs co-mapped with the only two known maize genes (rtcs and rum1) affecting the number of seminal roots. The strong additive effect of the three QTLs and the development of near isogenic lines for each QTL in the elite B73 background provide unique opportunities to characterize functionally the genes involved in root development and to evaluate how root architecture affects seedling establishment, early development, and eventually yield in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Salvi
- DipSA University of Bologna, viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Giuliani
- DipSA University of Bologna, viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Carraro
- DipSA University of Bologna, viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Maccaferri
- DipSA University of Bologna, viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Tuberosa
- DipSA University of Bologna, viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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Mazzini L, Gelati M, Profico DC, Sgaravizzi G, Projetti Pensi M, Muzi G, Ricciolini C, Rota Nodari L, Carletti S, Giorgi C, Spera C, Domenico F, Bersano E, Petruzzelli F, Cisari C, Maglione A, Sarnelli MF, Stecco A, Querin G, Masiero S, Cantello R, Ferrari D, Zalfa C, Binda E, Visioli A, Trombetta D, Novelli A, Torres B, Bernardini L, Carriero A, Prandi P, Servo S, Cerino A, Cima V, Gaiani A, Nasuelli N, Massara M, Glass J, Sorarù G, Boulis NM, Vescovi AL. Human neural stem cell transplantation in ALS: initial results from a phase I trial. J Transl Med 2015; 13:17. [PMID: 25889343 PMCID: PMC4359401 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-014-0371-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We report the initial results from a phase I clinical trial for ALS. We transplanted GMP-grade, fetal human neural stem cells from natural in utero death (hNSCs) into the anterior horns of the spinal cord to test for the safety of both cells and neurosurgical procedures in these patients. The trial was approved by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità and the competent Ethics Committees and was monitored by an external Safety Board. Methods Six non-ambulatory patients were treated. Three of them received 3 unilateral hNSCs microinjections into the lumbar cord tract, while the remaining ones received bilateral (n = 3 + 3) microinjections. None manifested severe adverse events related to the treatment, even though nearly 5 times more cells were injected in the patients receiving bilateral implants and a much milder immune-suppression regimen was used as compared to previous trials. Results No increase of disease progression due to the treatment was observed for up to18 months after surgery. Rather, two patients showed a transitory improvement of the subscore ambulation on the ALS-FRS-R scale (from 1 to 2). A third patient showed improvement of the MRC score for tibialis anterior, which persisted for as long as 7 months. The latter and two additional patients refused PEG and invasive ventilation and died 8 months after surgery due to the progression of respiratory failure. The autopsies confirmed that this was related to the evolution of the disease. Conclusions We describe a safe cell therapy approach that will allow for the treatment of larger pools of patients for later-phase ALS clinical trials, while warranting good reproducibility. These can now be carried out under more standardized conditions, based on a more homogenous repertoire of clinical grade hNSCs. The use of brain tissue from natural miscarriages eliminates the ethical concerns that may arise from the use of fetal material. Trial registration EudraCT:2009-014484-39.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Mazzini
- Department of Neurology, Eastern Piedmont University, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Gelati
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy. .,IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Daniela Celeste Profico
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy. .,IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Giada Sgaravizzi
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.
| | - Massimo Projetti Pensi
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy. .,IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Gianmarco Muzi
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.
| | - Claudia Ricciolini
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy. .,IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Laura Rota Nodari
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy. .,Biotechnology and Bioscience Department Bicocca University, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sandro Carletti
- Department of Neuroscience, "Santa Maria" Hospital, Terni via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.
| | - Cesare Giorgi
- Department of Neuroscience, "Santa Maria" Hospital, Terni via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.
| | - Cristina Spera
- Department of Neuroscience, "Santa Maria" Hospital, Terni via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.
| | - Frondizi Domenico
- Department of Neuroscience, "Santa Maria" Hospital, Terni via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.
| | - Enrica Bersano
- Department of Neurology, Eastern Piedmont University, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Francesco Petruzzelli
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Carlo Cisari
- Department of Physical Therapy, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Maglione
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Maria Francesca Sarnelli
- Department of Neurology, Eastern Piedmont University, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Stecco
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, "Eastern Piedmont" University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Querin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2 - 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Stefano Masiero
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2 - 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Roberto Cantello
- Department of Neurology, Eastern Piedmont University, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Daniela Ferrari
- Biotechnology and Bioscience Department Bicocca University, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristina Zalfa
- Biotechnology and Bioscience Department Bicocca University, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elena Binda
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy. .,Biotechnology and Bioscience Department Bicocca University, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alberto Visioli
- Biotechnology and Bioscience Department Bicocca University, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Novelli
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Barbara Torres
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Laura Bernardini
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Carriero
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, "Eastern Piedmont" University, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Paolo Prandi
- Department of Neurology, Eastern Piedmont University, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Serena Servo
- Department of Neurology, Eastern Piedmont University, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Cerino
- Department of Neurology, Eastern Piedmont University, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Valentina Cima
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2 - 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Gaiani
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2 - 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Nicola Nasuelli
- Department of Neurology, Eastern Piedmont University, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Maurilio Massara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini n. 18-28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Jonathan Glass
- Department of Neurology Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Gianni Sorarù
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2 - 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Nicholas M Boulis
- Department of Neurosurgery Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Angelo L Vescovi
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali, Cell Factory e Biobanca, Terni Hospital, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy. .,IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, viale dei Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy. .,Biotechnology and Bioscience Department Bicocca University, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy. .,Fondazione Cellule Staminali di Terni, Terni Hospital, via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.
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Lucentini L, Puletti ME, Ricciolini C, Gigliarelli L, Fontaneto D, Lanfaloni L, Bilò F, Natali M, Panara F. Molecular and phenotypic evidence of a new species of genus Esox (Esocidae, Esociformes, Actinopterygii): the southern pike, Esox flaviae. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25218. [PMID: 22164201 PMCID: PMC3229480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We address the taxonomic position of the southern European individuals of pike, performing a series of tests and comparisons from morphology, DNA taxonomy and population genetics parameters, in order to support the hypothesis that two species of pike, and not only one, exist in Europe. A strong relationship emerged between a northern genotype supported by COI, Cytb, AFLP and specific fragments, and a phenotype with round spot skin colour pattern and a large number of scales in the lateral line, clearly separated from a southern genotype with other skin colour pattern and a low number of scales in the lateral line. DNA taxonomy, based on a coalescent approach (GMYC) from phylogenetic reconstructions on COI and Cytb together with AFLP admixture analysis, supported the existence of two independently evolving entities. Such differences are not simply due to geographic distances, as northern European samples are more similar to Canadian and Chinese samples than the southern Europe ones. Thus, given that the differences between the two groups of European pike are significant at the phenotypic, genotypic and geographical levels, we propose the identification of two pike species: the already known northern pike (Esox lucius) and the southern pike (E. flaviae n.sp.). The correct identification of these two lineages as independent species should give rise to a ban on the introduction of northern pikes in southern Europe for recreational fishing, due to potential problems of hybridisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Lucentini
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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Baldoni L, Tosti N, Ricciolini C, Belaj A, Arcioni S, Pannelli G, Germana MA, Mulas M, Porceddu A. Genetic structure of wild and cultivated olives in the central Mediterranean basin. Ann Bot 2006. [PMID: 16935868 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcl/178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Olive cultivars and their wild relatives (oleasters) represent two botanical varieties of Olea europaea subsp. europaea (respectively europaea and sylvestris). Olive cultivars have undergone human selection and their area of diffusion overlaps that of oleasters. Populations of genuine wild olives seem restricted to isolated areas of Mediterranean forests, while most other wild-looking forms of olive may include feral forms that escaped cultivation. METHODS The genetic structure of wild and cultivated olive tree populations was evaluated by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers at a microscale level in one continental and two insular Italian regions. KEY RESULTS The observed patterns of genetic variation were able to distinguish wild from cultivated populations and continental from insular regions. Island oleasters were highly similar to each other and were clearly distinguishable from those of continental regions. Ancient cultivated material from one island clustered with the wild plants, while the old plants from the continental region clustered with the cultivated group. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of these results, we can assume that olive trees have undergone a different selection/domestication process in the insular and mainland regions. The degree of differentiation between oleasters and cultivated trees on the islands suggests that all cultivars have been introduced into these regions from the outside, while the Umbrian cultivars have originated either by selection from local oleasters or by direct introduction from other regions.
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Baldoni L, Tosti N, Ricciolini C, Belaj A, Arcioni S, Pannelli G, Germana MA, Mulas M, Porceddu A. Genetic structure of wild and cultivated olives in the central Mediterranean basin. Ann Bot 2006; 98:935-942. [PMID: 16935868 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mc1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Olive cultivars and their wild relatives (oleasters) represent two botanical varieties of Olea europaea subsp. europaea (respectively europaea and sylvestris). Olive cultivars have undergone human selection and their area of diffusion overlaps that of oleasters. Populations of genuine wild olives seem restricted to isolated areas of Mediterranean forests, while most other wild-looking forms of olive may include feral forms that escaped cultivation. METHODS The genetic structure of wild and cultivated olive tree populations was evaluated by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers at a microscale level in one continental and two insular Italian regions. KEY RESULTS The observed patterns of genetic variation were able to distinguish wild from cultivated populations and continental from insular regions. Island oleasters were highly similar to each other and were clearly distinguishable from those of continental regions. Ancient cultivated material from one island clustered with the wild plants, while the old plants from the continental region clustered with the cultivated group. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of these results, we can assume that olive trees have undergone a different selection/domestication process in the insular and mainland regions. The degree of differentiation between oleasters and cultivated trees on the islands suggests that all cultivars have been introduced into these regions from the outside, while the Umbrian cultivars have originated either by selection from local oleasters or by direct introduction from other regions.
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Baldoni L, Tosti N, Ricciolini C, Belaj A, Arcioni S, Pannelli G, Germana MA, Mulas M, Porceddu A. Genetic structure of wild and cultivated olives in the central Mediterranean basin. Ann Bot 2006; 98:935-42. [PMID: 16935868 PMCID: PMC2803593 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcl178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Olive cultivars and their wild relatives (oleasters) represent two botanical varieties of Olea europaea subsp. europaea (respectively europaea and sylvestris). Olive cultivars have undergone human selection and their area of diffusion overlaps that of oleasters. Populations of genuine wild olives seem restricted to isolated areas of Mediterranean forests, while most other wild-looking forms of olive may include feral forms that escaped cultivation. METHODS The genetic structure of wild and cultivated olive tree populations was evaluated by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers at a microscale level in one continental and two insular Italian regions. KEY RESULTS The observed patterns of genetic variation were able to distinguish wild from cultivated populations and continental from insular regions. Island oleasters were highly similar to each other and were clearly distinguishable from those of continental regions. Ancient cultivated material from one island clustered with the wild plants, while the old plants from the continental region clustered with the cultivated group. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of these results, we can assume that olive trees have undergone a different selection/domestication process in the insular and mainland regions. The degree of differentiation between oleasters and cultivated trees on the islands suggests that all cultivars have been introduced into these regions from the outside, while the Umbrian cultivars have originated either by selection from local oleasters or by direct introduction from other regions.
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Lucentini L, Fulle S, Ricciolini C, Lancioni H, Panara F. Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase from PC12 cells. Purification, some properties and expression during neurogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2003; 35:1378-87. [PMID: 12798350 DOI: 10.1016/s1357-2725(03)00099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purification and partial characterization of low molecular weight phosphotyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) was reported for the first time in PC12 cells. In addition, the expression levels during neuronal phenotype induction by nerve growth factor (NGF) and during neurogenesis in chick embryos were investigated. LMW-PTP was purified to homogeneity and showed a single band of about 18 kDa with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A native molecular mass of 20.1 kDa was determined by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 column. The LMW-PTP from PC12 cells displays structural and biochemical characteristics similar to the enzyme isolated for normal tissues. It was specifically immunoprecipitated by an affinity purified antibody directed against the bovine liver enzyme. The enzyme is present in the cytosolic and cytoskeletal cell compartment where is tyrosine phosphorylated. Time course expression of LMW-PTP in PC12 cells was investigated after NGF treatment and showed an increase of about 30% in the basal level of LMW-PTP from 0 to 72 h. These changes were related to the appearance in PC12 cells of neuronal processes and to a decrease in cell proliferation. An increase of the LMW-PTP expression was also observed in vivo during chick embryo neurogenesis from 8-day-old embryos to adult chicks. The protein level, assayed by immunoblotting, increases from 14-day-old embryos to the hatched chicks reaching the adult levels within the first week after birth. These data indicate that the neurogenesis process is accompanied by a physiological increment of LMW-PTP expression in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Lucentini
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università di Perugia, Via Pascoli, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
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