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Koszegi B, Balogh G, Berente Z, Vranesics A, Pollak E, Molnar L, Takatsy A, Poor V, Wahr M, Antus C, Eros K, Vigh L, Gallyas F, Peter M, Veres B. Remodeling of Liver and Plasma Lipidomes in Mice Lacking Cyclophilin D. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911274. [PMID: 36232575 PMCID: PMC9569465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several studies aimed to investigate the metabolic effects of non-functioning or absent cyclophilin D (CypD), a crucial regulatory component of mitochondrial permeability transition pores. It has been reported that the lack of CypD affects glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the findings are controversial regarding the metabolic pathways involved, and most reports describe the effect of a high-fat diet on metabolism. We performed a lipidomic analysis of plasma and liver samples of CypD-/- and wild-type (WT) mice to reveal the lipid-specific alterations resulting from the absence of CypD. In the CypD-/- mice compared to the WT animals, we found a significant change in 52% and 47% of the measured 225 and 201 lipid species in liver and plasma samples, respectively. The higher total lipid content detected in these tissues was not accompanied by abdominal fat accumulation assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. We also documented characteristic changes in the lipid composition of the liver and plasma as a result of CypD ablation with the relative increase in polyunsaturated membrane lipid species. In addition, we did not observe remarkable differences in the lipid distribution of hepatocytes using histochemistry, but we found characteristic changes in the hepatocyte ultrastructure in CypD-/- animals using electron microscopy. Our results highlight the possible long-term effects of CypD inhibition as a novel therapeutic consideration for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Koszegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Gabor Balogh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Berente
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Research Group for Experimental Diagnostic Imaging, University of Pecs Medical School, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Anett Vranesics
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Research Group for Experimental Diagnostic Imaging, University of Pecs Medical School, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Edit Pollak
- Department of Comparative Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Molnar
- Department of Comparative Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Ecophysiological and Environmental Toxicological Research Group, Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Aniko Takatsy
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Viktoria Poor
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Matyas Wahr
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Csenge Antus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Krisztian Eros
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Vigh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Gallyas
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
- ELKH-UP Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, 1245 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria Peter
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balazs Veres
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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Veres B, Eros K, Antus C, Kalman N, Fonai F, Jakus PB, Boros E, Hegedus Z, Nagy I, Tretter L, Gallyas F, Sumegi B. Cyclophilin D-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition amplifies inflammatory reprogramming in endotoxemia. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:684-704. [PMID: 33471430 PMCID: PMC7931201 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms or LPS (lipopolysaccharide), an outer membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria, can induce a systemic inflammatory response that leads to sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction, and mortality. Here, we investigated the role of cyclophilin D (CypD)-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) in the immunosuppressive phase of LPS-induced endotoxic shock. The liver plays an important role in immunity and organ dysfunction; therefore, we used liver RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data, Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis (IPA ® ) to investigate the complex role of mPT formation in inflammatory reprogramming and disease progression. LPS induced significant changes in the expression of 2844 genes, affecting 179 pathways related to mitochondrial dysfunction, defective oxidative phosphorylation, nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and tumor necrosis factor α receptor (TNFR)-mediated processes in wild-type mice. The disruption of CypD reduced LPS-induced alterations in gene expression and pathways involving TNFRs and TLRs, in addition to improving survival and attenuating oxidative liver damage and the related NO- and ROS-producing pathways. CypD deficiency diminished the suppressive effect of LPS on mitochondrial function, nuclear- and mitochondrial-encoded genes, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) quantity, which could be critical in improving survival. Our data propose that CypD-dependent mPT is an amplifier in inflammatory reprogramming and promotes disease progression. The mortality in human sepsis and shock is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Prevention of mPT by CypD disruption reduces inflammatory reprogramming, mitochondrial dysfunction, and lethality; therefore, CypD can be a novel drug target in endotoxic shock and related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Veres
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Krisztian Eros
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
- MTA‐PTE Nuclear‐Mitochondrial Interactions Research GroupPecsHungary
- Szentagothai Janos Research CenterUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Csenge Antus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Nikoletta Kalman
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Fruzsina Fonai
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Peter Balazs Jakus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Eva Boros
- Institute of BiochemistryBiological Research CentreSzegedHungary
| | - Zoltan Hegedus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
- Institute of BiophysicsBiological Research CentreSzegedHungary
| | - Istvan Nagy
- Institute of BiochemistryBiological Research CentreSzegedHungary
- SeqOmics Biotechnology LtdMorahalomHungary
| | - Laszlo Tretter
- Department of Medical BiochemistrySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Ferenc Gallyas
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
- MTA‐PTE Nuclear‐Mitochondrial Interactions Research GroupPecsHungary
- Szentagothai Janos Research CenterUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Balazs Sumegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
- MTA‐PTE Nuclear‐Mitochondrial Interactions Research GroupPecsHungary
- Szentagothai Janos Research CenterUniversity of PecsHungary
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Bognar Z, Cseh AM, Fekete K, Antus C, Bognar R, Tapodi A, Ramadan FHJ, Sumegi B, Gallyas F. Amiodarone's major metabolite, desethylamiodarone inhibits proliferation of B16-F10 melanoma cells and limits lung metastasis formation in an in vivo experimental model. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239088. [PMID: 32977329 PMCID: PMC7518930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated the in vitro anti-tumor effects of desethylamiodarone (DEA) in bladder and cervix cancer cell lines. In the present study, we intended to establish its potentiality in B16-F10 metastatic melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. We assessed cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle by using sulforhodamine B assay, Muse™ Annexin V & Dead Cell and Muse® Cell Cycle assays, respectively. We determined colony formation after crystal violet staining. For studying mechanistic aspects, immunoblotting analysis was performed. We used a C57BL/6 experimental lung metastasis model for demonstrating in vivo anti-metastatic potential of DEA. DEA inhibited in vitro proliferation and colony formation, and in vivo lung metastasizing properties of B16-F10 cells. It arrested the cells in G0/G1 phase of their cycle likely via p21 in a p53-dependent fashion, and induced caspase mediated apoptosis likely via inversely regulating Bcl-2 and Bax levels, and reducing Akt and ERK1/2 activation. In this study, we provided in vitro and in vivo experimental evidences for DEA’s potentiality in the therapy of metastatic melanomas. Since DEA is the major metabolite of amiodarone, a worldwide used antiarrhythmic drug, safety concerns could be resolved more easily for it than for a novel pharmacological agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zita Bognar
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Maria Cseh
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Fekete
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Csenge Antus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Rita Bognar
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Antal Tapodi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Fadi H. J. Ramadan
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Balazs Sumegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Gallyas
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
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Hocsak E, Szabo V, Kalman N, Antus C, Cseh A, Sumegi K, Eros K, Hegedus Z, Gallyas F, Sumegi B, Racz B. PARP inhibition protects mitochondria and reduces ROS production via PARP-1-ATF4-MKP-1-MAPK retrograde pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:770-784. [PMID: 28457938 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress induces DNA breaks and PARP-1 activation which initiates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell death through pathways not yet identified. Here, we show the mechanism by which PARP-1 influences these processes via PARylation of activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) responsible for MAP kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) expression and thereby regulates MAP kinases. PARP inhibitor, or silencing, of PARP induced MKP-1 expression by ATF4-dependent way, and inactivated JNK and p38 MAP kinases. Additionally, it induced ATF4 expression and binding to cAMP-response element (CRE) leading to MKP-1 expression and the inactivation of MAP kinases. In contrast, PARP-1 activation induced the PARylation of ATF4 and reduced its binding to CRE sequence in vitro. CHIP-qPCR analysis showed that PARP inhibitor increased the ATF4 occupancy at the initiation site of MKP-1. In oxidative stress, PARP inhibition reduced ROS-induced cell death, suppressed mitochondrial ROS production and protected mitochondrial membrane potential on an ATF4 and MKP-1 dependent way. Basically identical results were obtained in WRL-68, A-549 and T24/83 human cell lines indicating that the aforementioned mechanism can be universal. Here, we provide the first description of PARP-1-ATF4-MKP-1-JNK/p38 MAPK retrograde pathway, which is responsible for the regulation of mitochondrial integrity, ROS production and cell death in oxidative stress, and may represent a new mechanism of PARP in cancer therapy since cancer stem cells development is JNK-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eniko Hocsak
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary; Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Viktor Szabo
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Nikoletta Kalman
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Csenge Antus
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Anna Cseh
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Sumegi
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Krisztian Eros
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Hegedus
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary; Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Gallyas
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary; Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Szentagothai Research Center, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Balazs Sumegi
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary; Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Szentagothai Research Center, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Boglarka Racz
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
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Sumegi K, Fekete K, Antus C, Debreceni B, Hocsak E, Gallyas F, Sumegi B, Szabo A. BGP-15 Protects against Oxidative Stress- or Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mitochondrial Destabilization and Reduces Mitochondrial Production of Reactive Oxygen Species. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169372. [PMID: 28046125 PMCID: PMC5207682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in the progression of mitochondria-related diseases. A novel insulin sensitizer drug candidate, BGP-15, has been shown to have protective effects in several oxidative stress-related diseases in animal and human studies. In this study, we investigated whether the protective effects of BGP-15 are predominantly via preserving mitochondrial integrity and reducing mitochondrial ROS production. BGP-15 was found to accumulate in the mitochondria, protect against ROS-induced mitochondrial depolarization and attenuate ROS-induced mitochondrial ROS production in a cell culture model, and also reduced ROS production predominantly at the complex I-III system in isolated mitochondria. At physiologically relevant concentrations, BGP-15 protected against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death by reducing both apoptosis and necrosis. Additionally, it attenuated bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS production in LPS-sensitive U-251 glioma cells, suggesting that BGP-15 may have a protective role in inflammatory diseases. However, BGP-15 did not have any antioxidant effects as shown by in vitro chemical and cell culture systems. These data suggest that BGP-15 could be a novel mitochondrial drug candidate for the prevention of ROS-related and inflammatory disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Sumegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Fekete
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Csenge Antus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balazs Debreceni
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eniko Hocsak
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Gallyas
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balazs Sumegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Aliz Szabo
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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Fonai F, Priber JK, Jakus PB, Kalman N, Antus C, Pollak E, Karsai G, Tretter L, Sumegi B, Veres B. Lack of cyclophilin D protects against the development of acute lung injury in endotoxemia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:2563-73. [PMID: 26385159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis caused by LPS is characterized by an intense systemic inflammatory response affecting the lungs, causing acute lung injury (ALI). Dysfunction of mitochondria and the role of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species produced by mitochondria have already been proposed in the pathogenesis of sepsis; however, the exact molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Oxidative stress induces cyclophilin D (CypD)-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT), leading to organ failure in sepsis. In previous studies mPT was inhibited by cyclosporine A which, beside CypD, inhibits cyclophilin A, B, C and calcineurin, regulating cell death and inflammatory pathways. The immunomodulatory side effects of cyclosporine A make it unfavorable in inflammatory model systems. To avoid these uncertainties in the molecular mechanism, we studied endotoxemia-induced ALI in CypD(-/-) mice providing unambiguous data for the pathological role of CypD-dependent mPT in ALI. Our key finding is that the loss of this essential protein improves survival rate and it can intensely ameliorate endotoxin-induced lung injury through attenuated proinflammatory cytokine release, down-regulation of redox sensitive cellular pathways such as MAPKs, Akt, and NF-κB and reducing the production of ROS. Functional inhibition of NF-κB was confirmed by decreased expression of NF-κB-mediated proinflammatory genes. We demonstrated that impaired mPT due to the lack of CypD reduces the severity of endotoxemia-induced lung injury suggesting that CypD specific inhibitors might have a great therapeutic potential in sepsis-induced organ failure. Our data highlight a previously unknown regulatory function of mitochondria during inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fruzsina Fonai
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Janos K Priber
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Peter B Jakus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Nikoletta Kalman
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Csenge Antus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Edit Pollak
- Department of Comparative Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Karsai
- Department of Comparative Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Tretter
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balazs Sumegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary; Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary; MTA-PTE Nuclear and Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Balazs Veres
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
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Poór M, Veres B, Jakus PB, Antus C, Montskó G, Zrínyi Z, Vladimir-Knežević S, Petrik J, Kőszegi T. Flavonoid diosmetin increases ATP levels in kidney cells and relieves ATP depleting effect of ochratoxin A. J Photochem Photobiol B 2014; 132:1-9. [PMID: 24556581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Diosmetin (DIOS) is a flavone aglycone commonly occurring in citrus species and olive leaves, in addition it is one of the active ingredients of some medications. Based on both in vitro and in vivo studies several beneficial effects are attributed to DIOS but the biochemical background of its action seems to be complex and it has not been completely explored yet. Previous investigations suggest that most of the flavonoid aglycones have negative effect on ATP synthesis in a dose dependent manner. In our study 17 flavonoids were tested and interestingly DIOS caused a significant elevation of intracellular ATP levels after 6- and 12-h incubation in MDCK kidney cells. In order to understand the mechanism of action, intracellular ATP and protein levels, ATP/ADP ratio, cell viability and ROS levels were determined after DIOS treatment. In addition, impacts of different enzyme inhibitors and effect of DIOS on isolated rat liver mitochondria were also tested. Finally, the influence of DIOS on the ATP depleting effect of the mycotoxin, ochratoxin A was also investigated. Our major conclusions are the followings: DIOS increases intracellular ATP levels both in kidney and in liver cells. Inhibition of glycolysis or citric acid cycle does not decrease the observed effect. DIOS-induced elevation of ATP levels is completely abolished by the inhibition of ATP synthase. DIOS is able to completely reverse the ATP-depleting effect of the mycotoxin, ochratoxin A. Most probably the DIOS-induced impact on ATP system does not originate from the antioxidant property of DIOS. Based on our findings DIOS may be promising agent to positively influence ATP depletion caused by some metabolic poisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklós Poór
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Balázs Veres
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Péter B Jakus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Csenge Antus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Gergely Montskó
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Zita Zrínyi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Sanda Vladimir-Knežević
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - József Petrik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamás Kőszegi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary.
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Mandl P, Hayer S, Blüml S, Saferding V, Sykoutri D, Antus C, Szabo A, Smolen J, Redlich K. THU0094 Treatment with BGP-15, a Novel Insulin Sensitizer Attenuates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in DBA/1 Mice. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jakus PB, Kalman N, Antus C, Radnai B, Tucsek Z, Gallyas F, Sumegi B, Veres B. TRAF6 is functional in inhibition of TLR4-mediated NF-κB activation by resveratrol. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 24:819-23. [PMID: 22925919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol was suggested to inhibit Toll-like receptor (TLR)4-mediated activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-β (TRIF)-(TANK)-binding kinase 1, but the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88-tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) pathway is not involved in this effect. However, involvement of TRAF6 in this process is still elusive since cross talk between TRIF and TRAF6 has been reported in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced signaling. Using RAW 264.7 macrophages, we determined the effect of resveratrol on LPS-induced TRAF6 expression, ubiquitination as well as activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and Akt in order to elucidate its involvement in TLR4 signaling. LPS-induced transient elevation in TRAF6 mRNA and protein expressions is suppressed by resveratrol. LPS induces the ubiquitination of TRAF6, which has been reported to be essential for Akt activation and for transforming growth factor-β activated kinase-1-NAP kinase kinase 6 (MKK6)-mediated p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. We found that resveratrol diminishes the effect of LPS on TRAF6 ubiquitination and activation of JNK and p38 MAP kinases, while it has no effect on the activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. The effect of resveratrol on MAP kinase inhibition is significant since TRAF6 activation was reported to induce activation of JNK and p38 MAP kinase while not affecting ERK1/2. Moreover, Akt was identified previously as a direct target of TRAF6, and we found that, similarly to MAPKs, phosphorylation pattern of Akt followed the activation of TRAF6, and it was inhibited by resveratrol at all time points. Here, we provide the first evidence that resveratrol, by suppressing LPS-induced TRAF6 expression and ubiquitination, attenuates the LPS-induced TLR4-TRAF6, MAP kinase and Akt pathways that can be significant in its anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Jakus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Szigeti Str. 12, Pecs 7624, Hungary
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Radnai B, Antus C, Racz B, Engelmann P, Priber JK, Tucsek Z, Veres B, Turi Z, Lorand T, Sumegi B, Gallyas F. Protective effect of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor PJ34 on mitochondrial depolarization-mediated cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells involves attenuation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase-2 and protein kinase B/Akt activation. Mol Cancer 2012; 11:34. [PMID: 22583868 PMCID: PMC3481453 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-11-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl-E-4-arylidene-3-isochromanone (IK11) was previously described to induce apoptotic death of A431 tumor cells. In this report, we investigated the molecular action of IK11 in the HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line to increase our knowledge of the role of poly (ADP-ribose)-polymerase (PARP), protein kinase B/Akt and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in the survival and death of tumor cells and to highlight the possible role of PARP-inhibitors in co-treatments with different cytotoxic agents in cancer therapy. Results We found that sublethal concentrations of IK11 prevented proliferation, migration and entry of the cells into their G2 phase. At higher concentrations, IK11 induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK2), and substantial loss of HepG2 cells. ROS production appeared marginal in mediating the cytotoxicity of IK11 since N-acetyl cysteine was unable to prevent it. However, the PARP inhibitor PJ34, although not a ROS scavenger, strongly inhibited both IK11-induced ROS production and cell death. JNK2 activation seemed to be a major mediator of the effect of IK11 since inhibition of JNK resulted in a substantial cytoprotection while inhibitors of the other kinases failed to do so. Inhibition of Akt slightly diminished the effect of IK11, while the JNK and Akt inhibitor and ROS scavenger trans-resveratrol completely protected against it. Conclusions These results indicate significant involvement of PARP, a marginal role of ROS and a pro-apoptotic role of Akt in this system, and raise attention to a novel mechanism that should be considered when cancer therapy is augmented with PARP-inhibition, namely the cytoprotection by inhibition of JNK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Radnai
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, 12 Szigeti st., H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
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Kálai T, Borza E, Antus C, Radnai B, Gulyás-Fekete G, Fehér A, Sümegi B, Hideg K. Synthesis and study of new paramagnetic resveratrol analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:7311-7. [PMID: 22088309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
New resveratrol analogues containing five- and six-membered nitroxides and isoindoline nitroxides were synthesized. These new compounds were compared to resveratrol based on their ABTS radical scavenging ability as well on their capacity to suppress inflammatory process in macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharides. The ABTS and ROS scavenging activities of new molecules were the same or weaker than that of resveratrol, but some of paramagnetic resveratrol derivatives suppressed nitrite and TNFα production more efficiently than resveratrol. Based on these results the new nitroxide and phenol containing hybrid molecules can be considered as new antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Kálai
- Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Pécs, H-7602 Pécs, PO Box 99, Hungary
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Radnai B, Tucsek Z, Bognar Z, Antus C, Mark L, Berente Z, Gallyas F, Sumegi B, Veres B. Ferulaldehyde, a water-soluble degradation product of polyphenols, inhibits the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in mice. J Nutr 2009; 139:291-7. [PMID: 19106314 DOI: 10.3945/jn.108.097386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiinflammatory properties of polyphenols in natural products, traditional medicines, and healthy foods were recently attributed to highly soluble metabolites produced by the microflora of the intestines rather than the polyphenols themselves. To provide experimental basis for this hypothesis, we measured antiinflammatory properties of ferulaldehyde (FA), a natural intermediate of polyphenol metabolism of intestinal microflora, in a murine lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic shock model. We found that intraperitoneally administered FA (6 mg/kg) prolonged the lifespan of LPS-treated (40 mg/kg) mice, decreased the inflammatory response detected by T(2)-weighted in vivo MRI, decreased early proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin (IL)-1beta, and increased the antiinflammatory IL-10 in the sera of the mice. Additionally, FA inhibited LPS-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB transcription factor in the liver of the mice. According to our data, these effects were probably due to attenuating LPS-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and Akt. Furthermore, FA decreased free radical and nitrite production in LPS plus interferon-gamma-treated primary mouse hepatocytes, whose effects are expected to contribute to its antiinflammatory property. These data provide direct in vivo evidence, that a water-soluble degradation product of polyphenols could be responsible for, or at least could significantly contribute to, the beneficial antiinflammatory effects of polyphenol-containing healthy foods, natural products, and traditional medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Radnai
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
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