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Sharma G, Shah M, Ahluwalia P, Gautam G, Dasgupta P, Challacombe B, Bhandari M, Ahlawat R, Rawal S, Buffi N, Sivaraman A, Porter J, Rogers C, Mottire, Abaza R, Rha K, Moon D, Yuvaraja T, Parekh D, Capitanio U, Maes K, Porpiglia F, Turkeri L. Off-clamp versus on-clamp robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: A propensity-matched analysis. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Kwon Y, Lee H, Ryu K, Moon D, Chung H. Paid Sick Leave and Sickness Benefits for employees’ economic and job security: A Scoping Review. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In health emergencies, such as in the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to expand or introduce the Paid sick leave(PSL) and Sickness benefits(SB) increases. They are key components of the universal health coverage(UHC) and active labor market policies(ALMPs) that enable workers to take care of their health and guarantee return-to-work after recovery. This study examines effects those policies in achieving economic stability and job security of covered workers through a scoping review. Studies were selected using the search terms ‘paid sick leave', ‘sickness benefits', ‘paid sick day', and ‘earned sick leave’ in PubMed and Web of Science. Our search conducted on 6th April 2021 yielded 1,030 articles, of which 22 articles were included in the review. All articles were analyzed by the 4 sub-groups(employees, families, employers, and government) and we investigated indicators of socio-economic impacts on their lives. Articles are largely PSL(90.9%)-focused. PSL guarantees not only workers’ job security by securing employment agreement, but also their income security by promising part of wages enough to afford healthcare and living expenses during the medical treatment and recovery. Additionally, PSL attenuates employers’ financial risk, as it reduces presenteeism while increasing the return-to-work rate. Moreover, PSL and SB reduce the total healthcare and social security expenditures of the government. To sum up, PSL and SB guarantee health and labor rights by ensuring income and job security to employees while assuring financial stability to both employers, and the government. However, as the previous studies paid less attention on the equity of these impacts at the system levels, future research should more focus on the dimension.
Key messages
• PSL and SB guarantee health and labour rights by ensuring income and job security for employees, while assuring financial stability for both employers and the government.
• The previous studies that examined the effects of PSL and SB paid less attention on the equity of ensuring income and employment security, therefore future studies should focus more on this dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kwon
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Learning Health Systems, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Learning Health Systems, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
| | - K Ryu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Learning Health Systems, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
| | - D Moon
- People’s Health Institute , Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Chung
- BK21 FOUR Learning Health Systems, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
- School of Health Policy and Management, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
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Yu S, Moon D, Sohn M, Kim J, Chung H. A Sick Benefit Scheme Reduces Unmet Healthcare Needs: An Natural Experiment in Seoul. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
South Korea experiences four times more unmet healthcare needs than OECD countries (11.6% and 2.6% respectively). Unmet healthcare needs are caused by the double burden of direct and indirect costs including income loss, and OECD countries operate a sickness benefit scheme to resolve sudden loss of pay. Seoul introduced the first sickness benefit system, Seoul-Type Paid Sick Leave Support (hereinafter Seoul Sick Leave), for self-employed national healthcare insurance subscribers to reduce the rate of unmet healthcare needs. By comparing the amount of increasing medical expenses between the beneficiary and non-beneficiary before (2018) and after (2019-2020) the introduction of the system, the study was intended to confirm the reduced unmet healthcare needs. This study used data from the National Health Information Database (NHID) and the difference in differences (DID) analytic framework. 96 and 121 patients were included in benefit and non-benefit cohorts, respectively. As a result, the beneficiary group’s expenses were smaller than those of the non-beneficiary group (coef.=-1.24, p = 0.026). However, the beneficiary group had a greater amount of increase in hospitalization expenses before and after the introduction than the non-beneficiary group did (coef.=1.66, p = 0.005). Our finding showed that the Seoul Sick Leave helped the precarious workers as they were able to use inpatient services when they needed. If it is to be scaled up to the national level, it should be applied all people to enhance universal health insurance in Korea.
Key messages
• Identified the effectiveness of the first sickness benefit system as it helped the precarious workers as they were able to use inpatient services when they needed.
• By financially supporting them, the Seoul Sick Leave support can achieve health promotion through early detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yu
- BK21FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
- Health Policy and Management, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
| | - D Moon
- Center for Labour and Health, People’s Health Institute , Seoul, South Korea
| | - M Sohn
- Division of Health and Medical Sciences, The Cyber University of Korea , Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Kim
- Health Policy and Management, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Chung
- BK21FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
- Health Policy and Management, Korea University , Seoul, South Korea
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Zilli T, Siva S, Heikkilä R, Dirix P, Liefhooghe N, Otte F, Gomez-Iturriaga A, Everaerts W, Shelan M, Conde- Moreno A, López Campos F, Papachristofilou A, Guckenberger M, Scorsetti M, Zapatero A, Villafranca Iturre A, Eito C, Couñago F, Muto P, Van De Voorde L, Fonteyne V, Moon D, Thon K, Mercier C, Achard V, Stellamans K, Goetghebeur E, Reynders D, Ost P. OC-0603 PEACE V – STORM randomized phase II trial for oligorecurrent nodal prostate cancer: acute toxicity. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Doan P, Counter W, Sheehan-Dare G, Papa N, Ho B, Lee J, Liu V, Thompson J, Agrawal S, Roberts M, Algharzo O, Buteau J, Hofman M, Moon D, Murphy D, Stricker P, Emmett L. Diagnostic accuracy, concordance and certainty with 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI fusion compared to mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT alone for prostate cancer diagnosis: A PRIMARY trial sub-study. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00822-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen K, O'Brien J, Jenjitranant P, Alghazo O, Kelly B, Murphy D, Moon D. Robotic partial nephrectomy for complex hilar renal masses - key techniques for a successful outcome. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01356-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Xue A, Kalapara A, Ballok Z, Levy S, Sivaratnam D, Moon D, Grummet J, Frydenberg M. 68Ga-PSMA PET SUVmax predicts adverse pathology and pathologic upgrading in intermediate risk prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00557-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Xue A, Kalapara A, Ballok Z, Levy S, Sivaratnam D, Moon D, Grummet J, Frydenberg M. 68Ga-PSMA PET SUVmax predicts gleason pattern 4 at biopsy in intermediate risk prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sher D, Avkshtol V, Moon D, Wang J, Chen L, Dohopolski M, Hughes R, Vo D. Recurrence and Quality-of-Life Following Involved Node Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Initial Results From the Phase II INRT-Air Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Burningham K, Moore W, Moon D, Avkshtol V, Day A, Sumer B, Vo D, Bishop J, Hughes R, Sher D. Prognostic Impact of Matted Lymphadenopathy in Oropharynx Cancer Treated With Chemoradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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O’Connor E, Koschel S, Bagguley D, Sathianathen NJ, Cumberbatch MG, Thangasamy IA, Moon D, Murphy DG. Robotic prostatectomy after abandoned open radical prostatectomy—Technical aspects and outcomes. BJUI Compass 2020; 1:174-179. [PMID: 35475212 PMCID: PMC8988844 DOI: 10.1002/bco2.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To describe the technical aspects and outcomes of robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) following abandoned open radical prostatectomy (ORP). Patients and Methods A retrospective review was performed of patients who underwent RARP following abandonment of ORP between 2016 and 2020. RARP was undertaken by two highly experienced robotic surgeons. Analysis of patient and operative characteristics, outcomes, and reasons for abandonment of ORP were described. Results Six patients were included for analysis with a median age of 63.5 years [50.3‐67.5]. The median body mass index (BMI) was 34.7 [27.8‐36.2]. All patients had intermediate‐risk prostate cancer. Small prostate and deep pelvis were given as reasons for abandoning ORP in five cases (83.3%), with four of these also attributing increased BMI as a factor. Extensive mesh from previous bilateral inguinal hernia repair was cited as the reason for abandonment in the remaining patient. One patient had commenced androgen deprivation therapy following abandoned ORP. Extensive retropubic adhesions were noted at the time of RARP in five of six patients, with intraoperative complication of small bladder lacerations encountered in the patient with prior mesh hernia repair. The median time from abandoned ORP to RARP was 128 days [40‐216]. Median operating time was 160 minutes [139‐190] and estimated blood loss was 225 mL [138‐375]. Negative margins were obtained in four of six cases, with further salvage treatment being required in one case at a median follow‐up duration of 10.5 months [6.5‐25.3]. Conclusion Abandonment of ORP is an uncommonly reported event, however, in this small case series, we demonstrate that, in the hands of experienced surgeons, RARP is a safe and technically feasible alternative in such cases. Increased BMI, small prostate size and pelvic anatomical constraints appear to be common catalysts for abandonment of open surgery in this cohort. Identifying these high‐risk patients early and considering referral to robotic centers may be preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. O’Connor
- Division of Cancer SurgeryPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Surgery University of MelbourneAustin Hospital Heidelberg VIC Australia
| | - S. Koschel
- Division of Cancer SurgeryPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - D. Bagguley
- EJ Whitten Prostate Cancer Research Centre at Epworth Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of UrologyNorthern Health Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - N. J. Sathianathen
- Division of Cancer SurgeryPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - M. G. Cumberbatch
- Division of Cancer SurgeryPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Academic Urology Royal Hallamshire Hospital Sheffield UK
| | - I. A. Thangasamy
- Division of Cancer SurgeryPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne VIC Australia
- Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - D. Moon
- Division of Cancer SurgeryPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - D. G. Murphy
- Division of Cancer SurgeryPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne VIC Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
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Tan JL, Kalapara A, Papa N, Hanegbi U, Snow R, Grummet J, Mann S, Cuthbertson A, Frydenberg M, Moon D. Predictors of erectile dysfunction after transperineal template prostate biopsy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33786-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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13
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Moon D, Choi JH. Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of Rubidium trans-Bis(N-methyliminodiacetato)chromate(III). CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774519070113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Moon D, Fujimoto S, Oyoyo U. 3:09 PM Abstract No. 132 Complete stasis embolization may convey survival benefit in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with doxorubicin eluting bead transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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16
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Moon D, Tanaka S, Akitsu T, Choi JH. Erratum to: Crystal Structure, Spectroscopic and Magnetic Properties of Trans-Difluoro-(1,4,8,11-Tetraazaundecane)Chromium(III) Aquatrichlorozincate. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476618020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Moon D, Tanaka S, Akitsu T, Choi JH. Crystal Structure, Spectroscopic and Magnetic Properties of Trans-Difluoro-(1,4,8,11-Tetraazaundecane)Chromium(III) Aquatrichlorozincate. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476618010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Moon D, Hu S, Bange J, Horn P, Rybalsky I, Shellenbarger K, Wong B. Genotype-phenotype associations in a large cohort of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Park J, Kwon B, Ahn JH, Kim J, Jung K, Gong G, Lee H, Son BH, Ahn SH, Kim HH, Shin H, Moon D, Kim S. 487P Real-world feasibility of adjuvant TAC with pegylated G-CSF in resectable breast cancer: A single-center experience. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw595.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Moon D, Lee S, You Y, Lee D. Outbreak of fungal endophthalmits following cataract surgery. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jeon JH, Moon D, Yang H, Kim M, Lee J. F-082PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF EXTRANODAL EXTENSION AND SIZE OF METASTATIC LYMPH NODE IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY ADENOCARCINOMA. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivw260.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Datta SJ, Khumnoon C, Lee ZH, Moon WK, Docao S, Nguyen TH, Hwang IC, Moon D, Oleynikov P, Terasaki O, Yoon KB. CO2 capture from humid flue gases and humid atmosphere using a microporous coppersilicate. Science 2015; 350:302-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aab1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Kim G, Kim C, Kim J, Moon G, Yoo K, Lee S, Moon D. PP.20.12. J Hypertens 2015. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000468324.38051.8e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Kim
- Cardiovascular Center and Cardiology Division, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Hwang I, Huang JY, Kim M, Lee BJ, Kim C, Choi JY, Kim MH, Lee HS, Moon D, Lee EH, Kim DE, Nam SH, Shin S, Cho M. Top-up operation at Pohang Light Source-II. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:055113. [PMID: 24880421 DOI: 10.1063/1.4878256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
After three years of upgrading work, PLS-II (S. Shin, Commissioning of the PLS-II, JINST, January 2013) is now successfully operating. The top-up operation of the 3 GeV linear accelerator had to be delayed because of some challenges encountered, and PLS-II was run in decay mode at the beginning in March 2012. The main difficulties encountered in the top-up operation of PLS-II are different levels between the linear accelerator and the storage ring, the 14 narrow gap in-vacuum undulators in operation, and the full energy injection by 3 GeV linear accelerator. Large vertical emittance and energy jitter of the linac were the major obstacles that called for careful control of injected beam to reduce beam loss in the storage ring during injection. The following measures were taken to resolve these problems: (1) The high resolution Libera BPM (see http://www.i-tech.si) was implemented to measure the beam trajectory and energy. (2) Three slit systems were installed to filter the beam edge. (3) De-Qing circuit was applied to the modulator system to improve the energy stability of injected beam. As a result, the radiation by beam loss during injection is reduced drastically, and the top-up mode has been successfully operating since 19th March 2013. In this paper, we describe the experimental results of the PLS-II top-up operation and the improvement plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hwang
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - J Y Huang
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - M Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - B-J Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - C Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - J-Y Choi
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - M-H Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - D Moon
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - E H Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - D-E Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - S H Nam
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - S Shin
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
| | - Moohyun Cho
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, South Korea
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Jones SE, Mahmoud SY, Gonzalez-Martinez J, Lockwood DS, Moon D, Smith AS, Stultz TW, Tievsky AL, Phillips MD. Application of a computerized language lateralization index from FMRI by a group of clinical neuroradiologists. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:564-9. [PMID: 22976237 PMCID: PMC7964916 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Deriving accurate language lateralization from fMRI studies in the clinical context can be difficult, with 10%-20% incorrect conclusions. Most interpretations are qualitative, performed by neuroimaging experts. Quantitative lateralization has been widely described but with little implementation in the clinical setting and is disadvantaged by the use of arbitrary threshold techniques. We investigated the application and utility of a nonthreshold CLI, in a clinical setting, as applied by a group of practicing neuroradiologists. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-two patients with known language lateralization (11 left and 11 nonleft dominant) had their images reviewed by 8 neuroradiologists in 2 settings, all randomized, once by using a CLI and once without using a CLI. For each review, neuroradiologists recorded their impressions of lateralization for each language sequence, the overall lateralization conclusion, their impression of scan quality and noise, and the subjective confidence in their conclusion. RESULTS The inter-rater κ for lateralization was 0.64, which increased to 0.70 with the use of CLI. The group accuracy of overall lateralization was 78%, which increased to 81% with the use of a CLI. Using a CLI removed 2 instances of significant errors, with a neuroradiologist's impression of left lateralization in a patient with known right lateralization. Using a CLI had no effect on examinations with conclusions formed with either high confidence or no confidence. CONCLUSIONS Although the overall clinical benefit of a CLI is modest, the most significant impact is to reduce the most harmful misclassification errors, particularly in fMRI examinations that are suboptimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Jones
- Division of Neuroradiology, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Ohio, USA.
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Mahmoud SY, Ahmed M, Emch TM, Masood P, Moon D, Phillips MD, Ruggieri PM, Smith AS, Stultz TW, Tievsky AL, Jones SE. Effect of a prescan patient-radiologist encounter on functional MR image quality. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 32:210-5. [PMID: 20705700 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A substantial number of clinical fMRI examinations inadequately assess language localization or lateralization, usually due to patient movement and suboptimal participation. We hypothesized that a prescan interview of the patient by the radiologist would reduce the fraction of nondiagnostic scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single noise score for each acquisition was produced from time-series data on the basis of a weighted sum of 22 factors. Scores were recorded as the following quartiles: 0-5 = excellent, 5-10 = adequate, 10-15= marginal, and >15 = unacceptable. This measure was evaluated for 202 consecutive fMRI patients: 96 without and 106 with a physician prescan interview. The data were analyzed to compute the fraction of all nondiagnostic sequences and entire studies and were compared between the 2 groups. Image-noise characteristics included the SDs of linear and angular displacements of the head and the number of time-series outliers caused by focal motion. RESULTS Of 999 sequences acquired, 539 had a prescan interview. The mean noise score significantly decreased for both individual sequence (from 7.9 to 6.3, P = <.001) and study-based (from 7.7 to 6.2, P = .05) methods. The fraction of sequences or studies scored as unacceptable decreased for sequence-based (from 15.2% to 10.9%, P = .04) and study-based (from 9.4% to 1.9%, P = .02) analyses. SDs of head motion decreased for linear (by 12%-14%, P < .01) and angular displacement (by 38%-48%, P < .001). The number of time-series spikes decreased by 10% (P = .004). CONCLUSIONS We report that a prescan physician-patient interview modestly but significantly reduces fMRI noise scores. These results support the newly added billable costs of professional intervention before fMRI scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Mahmoud
- Division of Neuroradiology, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
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Choi C, Shin K, Lee D, Oh S, Kim J, Moon D, Suh C, Ryu J, Kim S. The usefulness of 18f-fluorothymidine (FLT) and 18f-FDG PET for early prediction of response to erlotinib therapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.7545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cho D, Kim J, Bae J, Park H, Moon D, Kim J, Lee J. POD-08.03: Effect of Tamsulosin on the Expected Treatment of Upper and Lower Ureteral Stones. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Jang G, Kim S, Ryu J, Moon D, Sohn H, Lee D, Suh C, Lee J, Choi E, Park S. The role of FDG-PET before and 3 weeks after neoadjuant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) in predicting N2 clearing and survival after surgical resection in patients with biopsy-proven N2 positive non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.7503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Park J, Chang Y, Kang K, Jeong H, Moon D, Kim S, Yun Y. The use of complementary and alternative medicine in patients with terminal cancer in Korea: Nationwide cross-sectional study. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.19534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
19534 Background: Although the use of complementary and alternative medicine(CAM) is widespread among patients with chronic diseases including cancer, little is known about CAM use in terminal cancer patients. Methods: This study included 4,042 families of cancer patients who died at 17 hospitals in Korea between January and December 2004. We conducted with telephone survey to decedents’ families. The response rate was 41.1%. The questionnaire included whether cancer patients had used CAM during last one year before death, type of modality, motivation for use, attitudes to CAM, and consultation with doctors. Results: CAM use of cancer patients was reported by 36.3% (604 of 1,662) and the average rate of CAM cost was 32% of total medical costs during one year before patient’s death. CAM use was more likely to death at hospitals (adjusted Odds Ratio: 1.35, 95% Confidential Interval: 1.15–1.58), residence in rural (aOR:1.26, 95%CI:1.08–1.47), need consultations about care (aOR:1.65, 95%CI:1.30–2.09) and religious support (aOR:1.3, 95% CI:1.11–1.53), diagnosis except liver/gallbladder cancer (aOR:0.67, 95%CI:0.55–0.81), and longer disease period (aOR:1.85, 95% CI:1.5–2.2). Use was greatest for mushrooms (41.6%), vegetable juice (25.6%), ginseng (21.8%) and Chinese medicine (16.4%). The motivation for CAM use was the recommendations from family members or friends (83.5%) and internet or advertisement (16.1%) but physicians’ recommendation or education (1.4%) was rare. The 37.4% of families of CAM-used patients were satisfied with CAM because of but feeling better or comfortable (79.3%), not cure (5.4%). And otherwise, the 62.1% of them were unsatisfied with CAM because of no effect (87.3%). Only 41.7% CAM users consulted with their physician. Conclusions: This study revealed a high prevalence of CAM use among terminal cancer patients without recommendation from doctors. Medical staffs should evaluate patients’ CAM use and inform accurately about CAM to terminal cancer patients and family for quality of care improvement. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Park
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Gyeong Sang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Good Samaritan Hospital, Pohang, Republic of Korea; Sam Anyang Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea; Chungnam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y. Chang
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Gyeong Sang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Good Samaritan Hospital, Pohang, Republic of Korea; Sam Anyang Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea; Chungnam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - K. Kang
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Gyeong Sang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Good Samaritan Hospital, Pohang, Republic of Korea; Sam Anyang Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea; Chungnam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - H. Jeong
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Gyeong Sang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Good Samaritan Hospital, Pohang, Republic of Korea; Sam Anyang Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea; Chungnam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Moon
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Gyeong Sang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Good Samaritan Hospital, Pohang, Republic of Korea; Sam Anyang Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea; Chungnam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Kim
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Gyeong Sang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Good Samaritan Hospital, Pohang, Republic of Korea; Sam Anyang Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea; Chungnam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y. Yun
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Gyeong Sang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Good Samaritan Hospital, Pohang, Republic of Korea; Sam Anyang Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea; Chungnam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Sohn H, Kim S, Ryu J, Oh S, Moon D, Oh Y, Shim T, Kim W, Suh C, Lee J. [18F]fluorothymidine (FLT) PET after 3 days of gefitinib treatment and tumor response in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
13031 Background: FLT has been developed as a PET tracer for imaging tumor proliferation. We evaluated whether FLT-PET could predict tumor response only after 3 days of gefitinib treatment. Methods: Nonsmokers with adenocarcinoma of the lung were eligible for this study. FLT-PET was performed at 1 day before and 3 days after the start of gefitinib (250 mg/d) therapy. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the main lung mass was measured, and changes in tumor SUVmax were calculated. After 6 weeks of therapy, response was assessed by chest CT according to WHO criteria. The cutoff value predicting subsequent CT response was obtained by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: Between Jun. 2005 and Nov. 2005, 22 patients were enrolled. CT response was partial response in 12 (54%), stable disease in 5 (23%), and progressive disease in 5 (23%). As early as 3 days after the initiation of therapy, significant difference in % changes of tumor SUVmax on FLT-PET was observed between responders and nonresponders (−32% v −2.3%, P = .002) ( Table ). When a reduction of tumor SUVmax ≥ 20% was used as a cutoff value for FLT-PET response, CT response could be predicted with positive and negative predictive values of 100% and 83%, respectively. Time to progression was significantly longer in FLT-PET responders than nonresponders (median 5.1 v 1.4 months, P = .011). Conclusions: Using FLT-PET obtained on days 0 and 3 of gefitinib therapy, the response could be early predicted in patients with NSCLC. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Sohn
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Ryu
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Oh
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Moon
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y. Oh
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T. Shim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W. Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C. Suh
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Large prostates can be challenging to remove during open or laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). Our objective was to critically analyse the impact of prostate volume in LRP. METHODS 400 cases of LRP were performed. Three hundred and fourteen patients had a small prostate (weight < 75 g) and 86 patients had a large prostate (weight > or = 75 g) on final histology. The following outcomes were assessed: operative time; estimated blood loss (EBL); transfusion rate; length of hospital stay (LOS); length of catheterisation; perioperative and postoperative complications (including incontinence and erectile dysfunction); surgical margin status; and early biochemical recurrence rates. RESULTS Patients' age, PSA, Gleason sum and clinical stage were all similar. Larger prostates were associated with a 14 minutes longer mean operating time (p < 0.001), but fewer positive surgical margins (p = 0.01). Blood loss, blood transfusion rate, length of hospital stay, length of catheterisation and complication rate were all similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Prostate size should not be a factor determining a patient's suitability for LRP. Further follow-up is needed to assess the effect of prostate size on long-term functional and oncological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Chang
- Department of Urology, The North Hampshire Hospital, Aldermaston Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG24 9NA, England, UK.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Large prostates can be challenging to remove during open or laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). Our objective was to critically analyse the impact of prostate volume in LRP. METHODS 400 cases of LRP were performed. Three hundred and fourteen patients had a small prostate (weight < 75 g) and 86 patients had a large prostate (weight > or = 75 g) on final histology. The following outcomes were assessed: operative time; estimated blood loss (EBL); transfusion rate; length of hospital stay (LOS); length of catheterisation; perioperative and postoperative complications (including incontinence and erectile dysfunction); surgical margin status; and early biochemical recurrence rates. RESULTS Patients' age, PSA, Gleason sum and clinical stage were all similar. Larger prostates were associated with a 14 minutes longer mean operating time (p < 0.001), but fewer positive surgical margins (p = 0.01). Blood loss, blood transfusion rate, length of hospital stay, length of catheterisation and complication rate were all similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Prostate size should not be a factor determining a patient's suitability for LRP. Further follow-up is needed to assess the effect of prostate size on long-term functional and oncological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Chang
- Department of Urology, The North Hampshire Hospital, Aldermaston Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG24 9NA, England, UK.
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Sohn H, Kim S, Suh C, Yang Y, Ryu J, Moon D, Lee J. O-073 [18F]FLT-PET predicts response to gefitinib early after theinitiation of treatment in nonsmokers with adenocarcinoma of the lung. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fife KM, Colman MH, Stevens GN, Firth IC, Moon D, Shannon KF, Harman R, Petersen-Schaefer K, Zacest AC, Besser M, Milton GW, McCarthy WH, Thompson JF. Determinants of outcome in melanoma patients with cerebral metastases. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22:1293-300. [PMID: 15051777 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.08.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze prognostic factors, effects of treatment, and survival for patients with cerebral metastases from melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS All melanoma patients with cerebral metastases treated at the Sydney Melanoma Unit between 1952 and 2000 were identified. From 1985 to 2000, patients were diagnosed and treated using consistent modern techniques and this cohort was analyzed in detail. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for survival was performed. RESULTS A total of 1137 patients with cerebral metastases were identified; 686 were treated between 1985 and 2000. For these 686 patients, the median time from primary diagnosis to cerebral metastasis was 3.1 years (range, 0 to 41 years). A total of 646 patients (94%) have died as a result of melanoma. The median survival from the time of diagnosis of cerebral metastasis was 4.1 months (range, 0 to 17.2 years). Treatment was as follows: surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, 158 patients; surgery alone, 47 patients; radiotherapy alone, 236 patients; and supportive care alone, 210 patients. Median survival according to treatment received for these four groups was 8.9, 8.7, 3.4, and 2.1 months, respectively; the differences between surgery and nonsurgery groups were statistically significant. On multivariate analysis, significant factors associated with improved survival were surgical treatment (P <.0001), no concurrent extracerebral metastases (P <.0001), younger age (P =.0007), and longer disease-free interval (P =.036). Prognostic factors analysis confirmed the important influence of patient selection on treatment received. CONCLUSION This large series documents the characteristics of patients who developed cerebral metastases from melanoma. Median survival was dependent on treatment, which in turn was dependent on patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Fife
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the relationship between hydronephrosis due to urinary tract obstruction and the presence of the sonographic eggshell sign, which is a recently described crescent of increased echogenicity at the caliceal/parenchymal interface and possibly an indicator of raised intrarenal pressure. METHODS All patients presenting between 1996 and 1999 for surgical management of pelviureteral junction obstruction or congenital posterior urethral obstruction had films reviewed for the presence of the eggshell sign. RESULTS Of 94 patients, 40 presented postnatally and 54 had hydronephrosis detected on the antenatal ultrasound scan. Of the postnatal group, 16 (40%) had urethral obstruction, of whom 4 (25%) displayed the eggshell sign; in the 24 with pelviureteral junction obstruction, the echogenic pericaliceal crescent was seen in 5 (20.8%). Of the 54 in the prenatal group, 8 (15.4%) were found to have urethral obstruction, 5 (62.5%) of whom demonstrated the eggshell sign. Of the 46 prenatally diagnosed patients with pelviureteral junction obstruction, 31 (70.5%) displayed the eggshell sign before birth; we were unable to satisfactorily review 2 patients' ultrasound scans. CONCLUSIONS Antenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis due to significant urinary tract obstruction seems to be related to the appearance of the eggshell sign on ultrasonography, particularly in those patients with pelviureteral junction obstruction. Those patients without significant caliceal distension and those with renal dysplasia or severe hydronephrosis with low-pressure kidneys were less likely to display the eggshell sign. Although the association with other causes of hydronephrosis is unknown, we believe these figures support the need for further investigation of the eggshell sign as a marker of raised intrarenal pressure to possibly provide another data point in the sonographic evaluation of congenital hydronephrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Dewan
- Urology Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Elbabaa SK, Steinmetz M, Ross J, Moon D, Luciano MG. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus in the pediatric population: evaluation of outcome. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2001; 11 Suppl 1:S52-4. [PMID: 11848054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S K Elbabaa
- Section of Pediatric and Congenital Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Moon
- Urology Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract
An abdominal mass in the first year after birth most commonly originates from the kidney. Renal masses in this age group are often cystic and may be associated with other abnormalities. We describe an unusual benign unilateral cystic lesion and coexisting pelviureteral junction obstruction in a newborn male with an otherwise morphologically and functionally normal urinary tract. A near normal kidney resulted from subsequent resection of the cyst wall combined with pyeloplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Moon
- Urology Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Victoria, Australia
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Moon D. "Unnatural fathers and vixen daughters": a case of incest, San Diego, California, 1894. J West 2000; 39:8-16. [PMID: 17214039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
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Seo B, Yun J, Lee S, Kim M, Hwang K, Kim J, Min KR, Kim Y, Moon D. Barbarin as a new tyrosinase inhibitor from Barbarea orthocerus. Planta Med 1999; 65:683-686. [PMID: 10630104 DOI: 10.1055/s-1999-14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A tyrosinase inhibitor was isolated from the whole plant of Barbarea orthocerus Led. (Brassicaceae) by activity-guided fractionation, and identified as (R)-5-phenyl-2-oxazolidinethione (barbarin) by structural analysis followed by comparison with reported spectral data. The compound exhibited significant inhibitory effects on mushroom and murine tyrosinases at more than 1.6 x 10(-5) M. Barbarin exhibited IC50 values of 4.2 x 10(-5) M on mushroom tyrosinase and of 4.8 x 10(-5) M on murine tyrosinase. Kojic acid as a positive control exhibited IC50 values of 3.4 x 10(-5) M and 6.0 x 10(-5) M on mushroom and murine tyrosinases, respectively. Therefore, barbarin exhibited a similar level of inhibitory potency with kojic acid used as a positive control. In a kinetic study with various concentrations of L-dopa as the substrate, barbarin was identified as an uncompetitive inhibitor and kojic acid as a mixed inhibitor of both mushroom and murine tyrosinases. Barbarin exhibited KEIS values of 3.3 x 10(-5) M and 3.6 x 10(-5) M on mushroom and murine tyrosinases, respectively. Kojic acid exhibited KEIS and KEI values of 2.4 x 10(-5) M and 2.2 x 10(-5) M on mushroom tyrosinase and those of 8.9 x 10(-5) M and 7.2 x 10(-5) M on murine tyrosinase, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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Rosenbluth J, Schiff R, Liang WL, Dou WK, Moon D. Antibody-mediated CNS demyelination: focal spinal cord lesions induced by implantation of an IgM anti-galactocerebroside-secreting hybridoma. J Neurocytol 1999; 28:397-416. [PMID: 10739579 DOI: 10.1023/a:1007021916210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
O1 hybridoma cells, which secrete an IgM antigalactocerebroside, were implanted into the spinal cord of cyclosporine-treated juvenile or adult rats, and the animals were sacrificed approximately 2-3 wk later. About half the recipient animals developed myelin lesions. In some, sharply circumscribed foci of demyelination formed within the dorsal columns. Cellular reaction consisted of macrophages containing refractile globules in the parenchyma and within enlarged perivascular spaces as well as thickened endothelial cells. "Shadow plaques" also developed, i.e. regions in which axons were surrounded by thin myelin sheaths, compatible with remyelination. In addition, we found damaged axons, some of which were swollen with organelles, comparable to the enlarged axon profiles seen at sites of constriction or interruption. Compromise of the blood-brain barrier at sites of hybridoma growth was demonstrated by extravasation of Evans blue dye. Discontinuation of cyclosporine was followed by an anti-hybridoma, complement-fixing antibody response within 2-3 d. This model of focal CNS demyelination and remyelination, with evidence of some axon damage, is mediated by a defined IgM antiglycolipid monoclonal antibody secreted within the spinal cord parenchyma. The lesions, which are similar to those of multiple sclerosis, probably result from the interaction between the intrathecally secreted IgM antibody and complement entering from the circulation at foci of compromised blood-brain barrier plus activation of endogenous or hematogenous macrophages via their complement receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rosenbluth
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, and Rusk Institute, N.Y.U. School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Barclay W, Li Q, Hutchinson G, Moon D, Richardson A, Percy N, Almond JW, Evans DJ. Encapsidation studies of poliovirus subgenomic replicons. J Gen Virol 1998; 79 ( Pt 7):1725-34. [PMID: 9680136 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-79-7-1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of a foreign marker gene, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene, into the poliovirus genome allows its replication and encapsidation to be easily monitored using a simple enzyme assay. Such poliovirus replicons require the presence of helper virus for their successful propagation and thus are similar to defective interfering (DI) viruses. In genomes containing the CAT gene, the majority of the P1 virus capsid region of the poliovirus genome could be removed without destroying viability. The smallest replicon was significantly smaller than any naturally occurring DI particle so far reported, yet it retained the ability to replicate and be encapsidated by structural proteins provided by helper virus in trans. The efficiency with which the replicons were encapsidated was investigated using a direct immunostaining technique that allows individual cells infected with either a replicon or helper virus to be quantified. These results were compared to the frequencies of trans-encapsidation of polioviruses and coxsackievirus B4 using a two-stage neutralization assay. Poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 but not coxsackievirus B4, coxsackievirus A21 or rhinovirus 14 provided efficient trans-encapsidation of poliovirus type 3 or type 3-derived replicons. These results suggest that a specific encapsidation process operates and that it does not involve RNA sequences within the region of the genome encoding the capsid proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Barclay
- School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, UK
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Abstract
Presentation of peptic ulcer disease in children covers a broad spectrum ranging from subtle, and thus overlooked and underdiagnosed, to catastrophic, as in this case. It is important for the emergency physician to realize the potential morbidity and mortality of this disease and be aware of the spectrum of presentation for primary and secondary pediatric ulcer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Moon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical Center of Delaware, Wilmington 19718, USA
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Besser M, Dexter M, McCarthy W, Moon D, Peterson-Schaeffer K. The surgical management of metastatic melanoma in the brain. J Clin Neurosci 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0967-5868(94)90034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lehmann PV, Schumm G, Moon D, Hurtenbach U, Falcioni F, Muller S, Nagy ZA. Acute lethal graft-versus-host reaction induced by major histocompatibility complex class II-reactive T helper cell clones. J Exp Med 1990; 171:1485-96. [PMID: 2139696 PMCID: PMC2187885 DOI: 10.1084/jem.171.5.1485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell clones isolated from class II MHC-disparate MLR combinations, and specific for I-Ak and I-Ek molecules, respectively, are shown to induce acute lethal graft-vs-host disease in unirradiated recipients. Cytolytic and noncytolytic clones are equally efficient in this respect. The lethal disease is dependent on recognition of the stimulatory class II molecules in the host. The clones home to lungs and liver, and become activated in these organs as demonstrated by an in vivo thymidine incorporation assay. After activation, a severe vascular leak syndrome develops causing death of the recipients within 5 d after the injection of 5 x 10(6) to 10(7) cloned cells. The disease develops without the participation of secondary host-derived inflammatory mechanisms, such as mast cell degranulation, complement activation, and the release of prostaglandins, oxygen radicals, or proteolytic enzymes. The results raise the possibility that Th cells can directly influence vascular permeability, and control, thereby, the acute inflammatory reaction of blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Lehmann
- Preclinical Research, Sandoz Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
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