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Dimza M, Al-Ani M, Naik D, Kennedy S, Elsayed A, Parker A, Ahmed M, Aranda J, Vilaro J. Predictors of Survival to Hospital Discharge with IABP Use in Acute Myocardial Infarction with Cardiogenic Shock. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Condon G, Rabault M, Barrett B, Chichet L, Arguel R, Eneriz-Imaz H, Naik D, Bertoldi A, Battelier B, Bouyer P, Landragin A. All-Optical Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:240402. [PMID: 31922832 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.240402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the all-optical production of Bose-Einstein condensates in microgravity using a combination of grey molasses cooling, light-shift engineering and optical trapping in a painted potential. Forced evaporative cooling in a 3-m high Einstein elevator results in 4×10^{4} condensed atoms every 13.5 s, with a temperature as low as 35 nK. In this system, the atomic cloud can expand in weightlessness for up to 400 ms, paving the way for atom interferometry experiments with extended interrogation times and studies of ultracold matter physics at low energies on ground or in Space.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Condon
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - M Rabault
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - B Barrett
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - L Chichet
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - R Arguel
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - H Eneriz-Imaz
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - D Naik
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - A Bertoldi
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - B Battelier
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - P Bouyer
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - A Landragin
- LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
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Nagarajappa R, Satyarup D, Naik D, Dalai RP. Feeding practices and early childhood caries among preschool children of Bhubaneswar, India. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 21:67-74. [PMID: 31111438 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-019-00449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) in preschool children of Bhubaneswar city and to determine its relationship with feeding practices and socio-economic status of the family. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 320 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years from randomly selected preschools of Bhubaneswar. A structured questionnaire was filled by parents for each child. Clinical examination included the recording of dental caries (dmft) using WHO criteria. Chi-square test and ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Mean age of the study population was 4.26 ± 1.035 years. Prevalence of ECC was 37.2%, and the mean dmft was 2.40 ± 1.86. Children whose mother had no schooling (61.1%) and belonged to middle class (38.2%) showed higher caries prevalence which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Children who were bottle fed at night and consumed in between meal snacks had higher caries (53.6% and 43.1%, respectively) which was significant. CONCLUSIONS ECC is a serious public health problem in this population that requires considerable efforts of early detection and treatment along with successful preventive strategies to decrease the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nagarajappa
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India.
| | - D Satyarup
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - D Naik
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - R P Dalai
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
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Ray A, Fornsaglio J, Dogan S, Hedau S, Naik D, De A. Gynaecological cancers and leptin: A focus on the endometrium and ovary. Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2018; 10:5-18. [PMID: 30510663 PMCID: PMC6260667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has an influence on the risk and prognosis of different types of cancers of the female reproductive tract. In the uterus, a common site for neoplasms is the endometrium, the inner lining tissue. Generally, obesity has been documented to be involved in endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium. Obesity may influence the cancer risk by various mechanisms such as chronic inflammation, dysregulation of sex hormones and abnormal secretion of hormone-like cytokines or adipokines from adipose tissue. One of the important pro-inflammatory adipokines is leptin, which acts via its transmembrane receptors (Ob-R). In normal conditions, leptin functions in the hypothalamic anorexigenic pathway to maintain the energy homeostasis. Conversely, in obesity, leptin participates in the pro-inflammatory processes. Several clinical studies have suggested that leptin and Ob-R play a role in the pathological processes of endometrial cancer. In different endometrial cancer cell lines, laboratory findings also have demonstrated leptin's link to various neoplastic phenomena such as cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and oestrogenic activity. Furthermore, endometrial cancer risk could be increased in ovarian pathology like polycystic ovary syndrome, which is commonly associated with obesity. It is noteworthy that leptin participates in both physiological and pathological conditions of the ovary. Leptin has shown pro-tumorigenic effects in both in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Generally, reduced serum leptin levels have been observed in ovarian cancer patients. However, overexpression of leptin and Ob-R in ovarian cancer tissue has indicated aggressive disease. Understanding the role of leptin-related intracellular signalling pathways in tumour development could be helpful in early cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ray
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Seton Hill University, Greensburg, PA 15601, United States
| | - J Fornsaglio
- School of Natural & Health Sciences, Seton Hill University, Greensburg, PA 15601, United States
| | - S Dogan
- Department of Medical Biology,
School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - S Hedau
- National Institute of Cancer Prevention & Research (ICMR), Noida 201301, U.P., India
| | - D Naik
- National Institute of Traditional Medicine (ICMR), Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - A De
- Ovarian Cancer Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, United States
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Johnston L, Scott B, Wicks K, Naik D, Evans R, LaFlamme A, Larsen P, Harding S. An Article on the Predictive Value of on Treatment Platelet Reactivity in Major Vascular Surgery Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2013.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Johnston L, La Flamme A, Wicks J, Naik D, Larsen P, Harding S. Variability in Platelet Reactivity and Biomarkers in Patients With Peripheral Vascular Disease. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a relatively common epithelial malignancy, and thus represents a significant public health problem. Early detection improves quality of life for affected patients. Identification of molecular markers (or biomarkers) which can predict disease progression is necessary for better management of these disorders. A correlation of cholinesterase with tumourigenesis, cell proliferation and cell differentiation has been observed. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; pseudocholinesterase) has been shown to be a biochemical marker for cervical cancer which is also an epithelial malignancy. In this study, we sought to estimate and compare serum BChE levels in healthy controls and patients with biopsy-proven oral squamous cell cancer (also an epithelial malignancy) before definitive therapy as radiotherapy or chemotherapy may alter the levels of BChE and may act as a confounding variable. METHOD After obtaining consent from biopsy proven oral cancer patients (n= 39) (before onset of any definitive treatment), and from age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 20), 2ml of blood was collected. After clot formation samples were centrifuged, serum was collected for estimation of BChE. RESULTS Pre-treatment serum BChE levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.0001) in oral cancer patients compared to that of controls. BChE levels showed a significant increase (p = 0.005) with advancing stage in oral cancer patients. CONCLUSION Our results show there could be a role for serum BChE in determining the prognosis of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Prabhu
- Department of Biochemistry Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal University, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies recognized nowadays. Its early detection is the better alternative to provide a good quality of life for the patients. During the last years, several studies have identified potential biomarkers of OSCC progression and prognosis. The phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are responsible for the hydrolysis of the second messengers with a fundamental role in the transduction of the intracellular signals. Variations in PDE activity have been correlated to different pathological mechanisms, such as cellular differentiation, apoptosis, and tumor invasivity. PDEs are also known to play a role in tumor growth by influencing angiogenesis. AIM To estimate and compare serum PDE levels in healthy controls and biopsy-proven oral cancer patients before definitive therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Institutional Ethics Committee gave us the permission to conduct this study. After obtaining consent from biopsy-proven oral cancer patients (n = 39) (before onset of any definitive treatment) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 20), 2 ml of blood was collected in plain vacutainers. After clot formation, samples were centrifuged and serum was collected for estimation of PDE. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Kruskal-Wallis test; Mann-Whitney Test. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Pretreatment PDE levels were significantly elevated in oral cancer patients (P<0.0001) as compared with the controls and also there was a significant increase in PDE levels (P<0.001) with advancing stage in oral cancer patients. This may implicate a role for serum PDE in pathophysiology of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Prabhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
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Trenkwalder A, Kohstall C, Zaccanti M, Naik D, Sidorov AI, Schreck F, Grimm R. Hydrodynamic expansion of a strongly interacting fermi-fermi mixture. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:115304. [PMID: 21469874 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.115304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on the expansion of an ultracold Fermi-Fermi mixture of (6)Li and (40)K under conditions of strong interactions controlled via an interspecies Feshbach resonance. We study the expansion of the mixture after release from the trap and, in a narrow magnetic-field range, we observe two phenomena related to hydrodynamic behavior. The common inversion of the aspect ratio is found to be accompanied by a collective effect where both species stick together and expand jointly despite of their widely different masses. Our work constitutes a major experimental step for a controlled investigation of the many-body physics of this novel strongly interacting quantum system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trenkwalder
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Spiegelhalder FM, Trenkwalder A, Naik D, Hendl G, Schreck F, Grimm R. Collisional stability of 40K immersed in a strongly interacting Fermi gas of 6Li. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:223203. [PMID: 20366094 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.223203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the collisional stability of a sample of 40K atoms immersed in a tunable spin mixture of 6Li atoms. In this three-component Fermi-Fermi mixture, we find very low loss rates in a wide range of interactions as long as molecule formation of 6Li is avoided. The stable fermionic mixture with two resonantly interacting spin states of one species together with another species is a promising system for a broad variety of phenomena in few- and many-body quantum physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Spiegelhalder
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Naik D, Baral S, N D, S V. Purification and characterization of fibrinolytic thermostable meatalloprotease from an alkalophilic Bacillus subtilis – CSN. N Biotechnol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Thyroid hormone resistance (THR) is a rare syndrome of reduced end organ sensitivity. Patients with THR have elevated serum free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), but normal or slightly elevated serum thyrotropin values. The characteristic clinical feature is goitre without symptoms and metabolic consequences of thyroid hormone excess. THR can be classified on the basis of tissue resistance into pituitary, peripheral or generalised (both pituitary and peripheral) types. Mutations in the TRbeta gene, cell membrane transporter and genes controlling intracellular metabolism of thyroid hormone have been implicated. THR is differentiated from thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) secreting pituitary adenoma by history of THR in the family. No specific treatment is often required for THR; patients with features of hypo- or hyperthyroidism are appropriately treated with levo-triiodothyronine (L-T3), levo-thyroxine (L-T4), dextro-thyroxine(D-T4) or 3,3,5 triiodo-thyroacetic acid (TRIAC). The diagnosis helps in appropriate genetic counselling of the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Agrawal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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Wille E, Spiegelhalder FM, Kerner G, Naik D, Trenkwalder A, Hendl G, Schreck F, Grimm R, Tiecke TG, Walraven JTM, Kokkelmans SJJMF, Tiesinga E, Julienne PS. Exploring an ultracold fermi-fermi mixture: interspecies feshbach resonances and scattering properties of 6Li and 40K. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:053201. [PMID: 18352370 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.053201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report on the observation of Feshbach resonances in an ultracold mixture of two fermionic species, (6)Li and (40)K. The experimental data are interpreted using a simple asymptotic bound state model and full coupled channels calculations. This unambiguously assigns the observed resonances in terms of various s- and p-wave molecular states and fully characterizes the ground-state scattering properties in any combination of spin states.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wille
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Sundaram B, Holley D, Cornélissen G, Naik D, Hanumansetty R, Singh R, Otsuka K, Halberg F. Circadian and circaseptan (about-weekly) aspects of immigrant Indians' blood pressure and heart rate in California, USA. Biomed Pharmacother 2005; 59 Suppl 1:S76-85. [PMID: 16275512 PMCID: PMC2576448 DOI: 10.1016/s0753-3322(05)80014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Time structurally (chronomically) interpreted half-hourly monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) for at least 7 days and preferably for 17 days is recommended, separately for a diagnosis of BP disorders and when necessary again for the same or longer spans for treatment, whenever a positive diagnosis of a disorder is made. In this study, 30 clinically healthy subjects underwent 7-day monitoring and provided a series of findings, including the detection of Circadian Hyper-Amplitude-Tension (CHAT), that is blood pressure overswinging, which carries a high risk of hard cardiovascular events. The results specifically bear upon south-east Asian-Indian immigrants. They show that cardiovascular disease risk increases with age, with a positive family history of hypertension and/or other cardiovascular diseases and even with the duration of stay in the USA. A relation to body mass index is also shown. Such monitoring for prehabilitation may eventually reduce the need for rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Sundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - D.C. Holley
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - G. Cornélissen
- Halberg Chronobiology Center, University of Minnesota MMC 8609, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - D. Naik
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - R. Hanumansetty
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - R.B. Singh
- Medical Hospital and Research Center, Center of Nutrition and Heart Research, Moradabad, India
| | - K. Otsuka
- Daini Hospital, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - F. Halberg
- Halberg Chronobiology Center, University of Minnesota MMC 8609, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Patel V, Vaidya R, Naik D, Borker P. Irrational drug use in India: a prescription survey from Goa. J Postgrad Med 2005; 51:9-12. [PMID: 15793331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is concern regarding the irrational production, prescription and use of drugs in India. This study aimed to describe the quality of prescriptions by medical practitioners, including both the layout of the prescription and the type and number of drugs prescribed. MATERIALS AND METHODS A survey of all prescriptions dispensed at a busy pharmacy in the state of Goa, India, was carried out over a consecutive seven-day period. Each prescription was rated on the basis of a priori and pilot-tested variable list. The prescriptions by private practitioners were compared with those from practitioners in the public healthcare system. RESULTS Nine hundred and ninety prescriptions were collected. The majority (83.9%) were from private practitioners. The quality of the layout of the prescriptions was unsatisfactory: information to identify the practitioner was incomplete in more than a third of the prescriptions and information to identify the patient was incomplete in more than half. Clarity of written instructions on how to take the medicines was unsatisfactory in the majority of prescriptions. Polypharmacy was the norm, with more than half (52.7%) the prescriptions containing at least 3 medicines. Forty per cent of prescriptions included a vitamin or tonic preparation and a quarter of the prescriptions included an antibiotic and an analgesic. Over 90% of prescriptions contained only branded medicines. Private practitioners prescribed significantly greater number of medicines and were more likely to prescribe vitamins and antibiotics, and branded medicines. DISCUSSION This study confirms that the quality of prescriptions, both in terms of layout and the content of the drugs prescribed, is inadequate. There is a need to standardize the format of prescriptions in India so that all essential information is included. There is a need to strengthen an independent mechanism for continuing professional development of practitioners to ensure that patients are always given evidence-based, cost-effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Patel
- Voluntary Health Association of Goa, Goa, India.
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Ziegel ER, Khattree R, Naik D. Applied Multivariate for Statistics with SAS® Software. Technometrics 1996. [DOI: 10.2307/1270637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Naik D, Morton DJ. A comparative bioavailability of 2 oral solid phenytoin dosage forms. Cent Afr J Med 1989; 35:384-8. [PMID: 2605620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The comparative bioavailability of two phenytoin products, Phenytoin Sodium (CAPS (Pvt) Ltd) and Epanutin (Parke-Davis (Pty) Ltd) was studied. Single dose studies carried out in eight healthy volunteers showed that CAPS Phenytoin exhibited a small but significantly higher bioavailability (P less than 0.05). The AUC (0-72 hr) for CAPS Phenytoin was 50.61 microgram/ml/hr compared to 45.09 au/ml/hr for Epanutin. The time to peak concentrations, Tmax, was significantly longer in CAPS Phenytoin when compared to Epanutin being 3.75 hr and 3.25 hr respectively (P less than 0.05) and the peak concentrations Cmax, achieved after single dose administration showed that CAPS Phenytoin exhibited higher levels than Spanutin (1.76 au/ml and 1.58 au/ml respectively) although these differences were not statistically significant. Multiple dose studies carried out in four healthy volunteers and two epileptic patients showed that changes from one product to the other did not produce any significant differences in the steady state phenytoin levels.
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Lichstein E, Ribas-Meneclier C, Naik D, Chadda KD, Gupta PK, Smith H. The natural history of trifascicular disease following permanent pacemaker implantation. Significance of continuing changes in atrioventricular conduction. Circulation 1976; 54:780-3. [PMID: 975473 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.54.5.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Seventy-two patients with trifasicular disease were followed for an average of 40 months following permanent pacemaker insertion. The indications for pacemaker insertion were either electrocardiographic evidence of complete heart block with a wide QRS escape complex or a pattern of bifasicular block with either periods of Mobitz type II atrioventricular (A-V) block or a documented history of syncope. The patients were then divided into three groups depending on subsequent change in A-V conduction. There were 31 (43%) patients with no change in A-V conduction, 17 (24%) with increasing A-V block, and 24 (33%) with decreasing A-V block. The characteristics of these three groups, including age and sex distribution, were compared and found to be similar. The incidence of previous transmural myocardial infarction as determined by electrocardiographic criteria was higher in the group with decreasing block. Survival curves showed a significantly decreased probablity of surviving for those with decreasing block compared to both those with increasing block and those with no charge in conduction (P less than 0.03). We conclude that the probability of long-term survival was less in the group with decreasing block. This finding may be related to the greater prevalence of coronary heart disease in the patients.
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