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Cognetti JS, Steiner DJ, Abedin M, Bryan MR, Shanahan C, Tokranova N, Young E, Klose AM, Zavriyev A, Judy N, Piorek B, Meinhart C, Jakubowicz R, Warren H, Cady NC, Miller BL. Disposable photonics for cost-effective clinical bioassays: application to COVID-19 antibody testing. Lab Chip 2021; 21:2913-2921. [PMID: 34160511 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00369k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Decades of research have shown that biosensors using photonic circuits fabricated using CMOS processes can be highly sensitive, selective, and quantitative. Unfortunately, the cost of these sensors combined with the complexity of sample handling systems has limited the use of such sensors in clinical diagnostics. We present a new "disposable photonics" sensor platform in which rice-sized (1 × 4 mm) silicon nitride ring resonator sensor chips are paired with plastic micropillar fluidic cards for sample handling and optical detection. We demonstrate the utility of the platform in the context of detecting human antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, both in convalescent COVID-19 patients and for subjects undergoing vaccination. Given its ability to provide quantitative data on human samples in a simple, low-cost single-use format, we anticipate that this platform will find broad utility in clinical diagnostics for a broad range of assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Cognetti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
| | - Daniel J Steiner
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Minhaz Abedin
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Michael R Bryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Conor Shanahan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
| | - Natalya Tokranova
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Ethan Young
- Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Alanna M Klose
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Judy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Brian Piorek
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Carl Meinhart
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | | | - Harold Warren
- Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Nathaniel C Cady
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin L Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA. and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA and Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA and Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
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Steiner DJ, Cognetti JS, Luta EP, Klose AM, Bucukovski J, Bryan MR, Schmuke JJ, Nguyen-Contant P, Sangster MY, Topham DJ, Miller BL. Array-based analysis of SARS-CoV-2, other coronaviruses, and influenza antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 patients. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 169:112643. [PMID: 33007615 PMCID: PMC7522665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Detection of antibodies to upper respiratory pathogens is critical to surveillance, assessment of the immune status of individuals, vaccine development, and basic biology. The urgent need for antibody detection tools has proven particularly acute in the COVID-19 era. We report a multiplex label-free antigen microarray on the Arrayed Imaging Reflectometry (AIR) platform for detection of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS, three circulating coronavirus strains (HKU1, 229E, OC43) and three strains of influenza. We find that the array is readily able to distinguish uninfected from convalescent COVID-19 subjects, and provides quantitative information about total Ig, as well as IgG- and IgM-specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Y Sangster
- Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - David J Topham
- Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Benjamin L Miller
- Biochemistry and Biophysics, USA; Biomedical Engineering, USA; Dermatology, USA.
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Kramer K, Armstrong DS, Averett TD, Bertozzi W, Binet S, Butuceanu C, Camsonne A, Cates GD, Chen JP, Choi S, Chudakov E, Cusanno F, Deur A, Djawotho P, Dutta D, Finn JM, Gao H, Garibaldi F, Gayou O, Gilman R, Glamazdin A, Gorbenko V, Griffioen KA, Hansen JO, Higinbotham DW, Hinton W, Horn T, de Jager CW, Jiang X, Korsch W, LeRose J, Lhuillier D, Liyanage N, Margaziotis DJ, McCormick K, Meziani ZE, Michaels R, Milbrath B, Moffit B, Nanda S, Perdrisat CF, Pomatsalyuk R, Punjabi V, Reitz B, Roche J, Roché R, Roedelbronn M, Savvinov N, Secrest J, Singh J, Sirca S, Slifer K, Solvignon P, Steiner DJ, Suleiman R, Sulkosky V, Tobias A, Vacheret A, Xiao Y, Zheng X, Zhou J, Zhu L, Zhu X, Zołnierczuk PA. Q2 dependence of the neutron spin structure function g2(n) at low Q2. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:142002. [PMID: 16241646 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.142002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the first measurement of the Q2 dependence of the neutron spin structure function g2(n) at five kinematic points covering 0.57 (GeV/c)2 < or = Q2 < or = 1.34 (GeV/c)2 at x approximately = 0.2. Though the naive quark-parton model predicts g2 = 0, nonzero values occur in more realistic models of the nucleon which include quark-gluon correlations, finite quark masses, or orbital angular momentum. When scattering from a noninteracting quark, g2(n) can be predicted using next-to-leading order fits to world data for g1(n). Deviations from this prediction provide an opportunity to examine QCD dynamics in nucleon structure. Our results show a positive deviation from this prediction at lower Q2, indicating that contributions such as quark-gluon interactions may be important. Precision data obtained for g1(n) are consistent with next-to-leading order fits to world data.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kramer
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
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Zheng X, Aniol K, Armstrong DS, Averett TD, Bertozzi W, Binet S, Burtin E, Busato E, Butuceanu C, Calarco J, Camsonne A, Cates GD, Chai Z, Chen JP, Choi S, Chudakov E, Cusanno F, Leo RD, Deur A, Dieterich S, Dutta D, Finn JM, Frullani S, Gao H, Gao J, Garibaldi F, Gilad S, Gilman R, Gomez J, Hansen JO, Higinbotham DW, Hinton W, Horn T, De Jager CW, Jiang X, Kaufman L, Kelly J, Korsch W, Kramer K, LeRose J, Lhuillier D, Liyanage N, Margaziotis DJ, Marie F, Markowitz P, McCormick K, Meziani ZE, Michaels R, Moffit B, Nanda S, Neyret D, Phillips SK, Powell A, Pussieux T, Reitz B, Roche J, Roche R, Roedelbronn M, Ron G, Rvachev M, Saha A, Savvinov N, Singh J, Sirca S, Slifer K, Solvignon P, Souder P, Steiner DJ, Strauch S, Sulkosky V, Tobias A, Urciuoli G, Vacheret A, Wojtsekhowski B, Xiang H, Xiao Y, Xiong F, Zhang B, Zhu L, Zhu X, Zołnierczuk PA. Precision measurement of the neutron spin asymmetryA(n)(1) and spin-flavor decomposition in the valence quark region. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:012004. [PMID: 14753984 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.012004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the neutron spin asymmetry A(n)(1) with high precision at three kinematics in the deep inelastic region at x=0.33, 0.47, and 0.60, and Q(2)=2.7, 3.5, and 4.8 (GeV/c)(2), respectively. Our results unambiguously show, for the first time, that A(n)(1) crosses zero around x=0.47 and becomes significantly positive at x=0.60. Combined with the world proton data, polarized quark distributions were extracted. Our results, in general, agree with relativistic constituent quark models and with perturbative quantum chromodynamics (PQCD) analyses based on the earlier data. However they deviate from PQCD predictions based on hadron helicity conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zheng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Steiner DJ, Schwager RG. Epidemiology, diagnosis, precautions, and policies of intraoperative anaphylaxis to latex. J Am Coll Surg 1995; 180:754-61. [PMID: 7773496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D J Steiner
- New York Hospital/Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
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