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Novel Indane-Containing NBTIs with Potent Anti-Gram-Negative Activity and Minimal hERG Inhibition. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1791-1799. [PMID: 38116438 PMCID: PMC10726470 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) make up a promising new class of antibiotics with the potential to combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. Two key challenges in the development of NBTIs have been to obtain broad spectrum activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and to diminish inhibition of the hERG cardiac ion channel. Here we report the optimization of a series of NBTIs bearing a novel indane DNA intercalating moiety. The addition of a basic, polar side chain connected to the indane by an ether or an N-linked secondary amide linkage together with a lipophilicity-lowering modification of the enzyme binding moiety led to compounds such as 2a and 2g which showed excellent broad spectrum potency and minimal hERG inhibition. Compound 2a demonstrated robust bactericidal in vivo activity in a mouse lung infection model with the strain P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 which is resistant to several clinically relevant antibiotics. Rodent pharmacokinetic studies with 2a revealed an unusual profile characterized by rapid tissue distribution and a prolonged, flat terminal phase. This profile precluded further development of these compounds as potential new antibiotics.
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2
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Case report of gastrointestinal localization of SARS-CoV-2 and open abdomen technique in an Italian emergency surgery department for gastrointestinal bleeding. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 66:102405. [PMID: 34055331 PMCID: PMC8144097 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to present the case of a man affected by SARS CoV-2 and to discuss the association between this manifestation, viral infection and Open Abodmen. A 52 years old Caucasian man, affected by SARS CoV-2 infection, was admitted to the Emergency department of Arcispedale Sant’Anna of Ferrara for epigastralgia followed by syncopal episode, vomiting and diarrhea with bloody stools. The next day the patient underwent colonoscopy, which detected an ulceration proximally to the ileocecal valve without active bleeding. Subsequently an initial non-operative management and two pharyngeal swabs negative, for another rectorrhagia and hypotensive episode, underwent emerging surgery and an Open Abdomen was performed. The patient was discharged in 12th post-surgery day without complications. The IHC analysis with anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid-protein revealed the presence of viral protein expression in epithelial cell of ulcerated intestinal mucosa. In this case report, we showed the presence of viral inclusion in small intestinal wall after two negative pharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. We can also say that the largest amount of viral inclusions was in the tissue of ulceration of the last ileal loop. This case report showed that SARS-CoV-2 can be unseen also after clinical healing. It's probably can be expelled with stools and rectal swabs search for SARS-Cov-2 RNA after pharyngeal swabs could be mandatory for declare heled a patient. Moreover, damage control surgery and Open Abdomen as a surgical technique can be a valid alternative in case of uncertainty of the bleeding source and when a second surgical look is necessary. The novel SARS-CoV-2 may result in gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in up to one-third of patients. SARS-CoV-2 is excreted in the faeces, thus raising the possibility of faecal-oral transmission. Two pharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 RNA were performed and were both negative. Viral protein expression in epithelial cell of ulcerated intestinal mucosa. Open Abodmen Technique is a valid alternative in surgical emergencies.
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Abstract
Pathogenic variants in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene have been identified that increase the risk for developing Parkinson's disease in a dominantly inherited fashion. These pathogenic variants, of which G2019S is the most common, cause abnormally high kinase activity, and compounds that inhibit this activity are being pursued as potentially disease-modifying therapeutics. Because LRRK2 regulates important cellular processes, developing inhibitors that can selectively target the pathogenic variant while sparing normal LRRK2 activity could offer potential advantages in heterozygous carriers. We conducted a high-throughput screen and identified a single selective compound that preferentially inhibited G2019S-LRRK2. Optimization of this scaffold led to a series of novel, potent, and highly selective G2019S-LRRK2 inhibitors.
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4
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Structure-guided design of antibacterials that allosterically inhibit DNA gyrase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1407-1412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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5
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Discovery of 5-substituent-N-arylbenzamide derivatives as potent, selective and orally bioavailable LRRK2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4034-4038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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6
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Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of α-Amino-γ-lactone Ketolides: A Novel Class of Macrolide Antibiotics. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:1133-7. [PMID: 25313326 DOI: 10.1021/ml500279k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of α-amino-γ-lactone ketolide (3) was developed, which provided a versatile intermediate for the incorporation of a variety of aryl and heteroaryl groups onto the C-21 position of clarithromycin via HBTU-mediated amidation. The biological data for this important new class of macrolides revealed significantly potent activity against erythromycin-susceptible strains as well as efflux-resistant and erythromycin MLSB-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes. In addition, ketolide 11o showed excellent in vitro antibacterial activity against H. influenzae strain as compared to telithromycin. These results indicate that C-21 substituted γ-lactone ketolides have potential as a next generation macrolide antibiotics.
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GSK2578215A; a potent and highly selective 2-arylmethyloxy-5-substitutent-N-arylbenzamide LRRK2 kinase inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:5625-9. [PMID: 22863203 PMCID: PMC4208292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a promising therapeutic target for some forms of Parkinson's disease. Here we report the discovery and characterization of 2-arylmethyloxy-5-subtitutent-N-arylbenzamides with potent LRRK2 activities exemplified by GSK2578215A which exhibits biochemical IC(50)s of around 10 nM against both wild-type LRRK2 and the G2019S mutant. GSK2578215A exhibits exceptionally high selectivity for LRRK2 across the kinome, substantially inhibits Ser910 and Ser935 phosphorylation of both wild-type LRRK2 and G2019S mutant at a concentration of 0.3-1.0 μM in cells and in mouse spleen and kidney, but not in brain, following intraperitoneal injection of 100mg/kg.
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Asymmetric route to spirotetracyclic (1S)-5′,11′-dihydro-3H-spiro[cyclopentane-1,10′-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten]-3-one derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Reaction of 2-alkyl pyridine N-oxide derivatives with Mosher’s acyl chloride: first example of stereoselective Boekelheide rearrangement. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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A New Sequential Intramolecular Cyclization Based on the Boekelheide Rearrangement. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Synthesis of 5-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[(methyloxy)methyl]-2-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives as constrained aryl-piperidines with activity as triple re-uptake inhibitors. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.07.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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An Efficient Scalable Route for the Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure tert-Butyl-(1R,4S,6R)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-3-carboxylate. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op100164v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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A specific and direct comparison of the trifluoromethyl and pentafluoro sulfanyl groups on the selective dopamine D3 antagonist 3-(3-{[4-methyl-5-(4-methyl-1,3-oxazol-5-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}propyl)-1-phenyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane template. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4566-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Discovery of N-[(2S)-5-(6-Fluoro-3-pyridinyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl]-2-propanesulfonamide, a Novel Clinical AMPA Receptor Positive Modulator. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5801-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1005429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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6-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1-[(Methyloxy)methyl]-3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane: A New Potent and Selective Triple Reuptake Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2010; 53:4989-5001. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100481d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Synthesis of new polysubstituted piperazines and dihydro-2H-pyrazines by selective reduction of 2-oxo-piperazines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of novel druglike corticotropin-releasing factor 1 antagonists. J Med Chem 2009; 51:7370-9. [PMID: 18989952 DOI: 10.1021/jm800744m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To identify new CRF(1) receptor antagonists, an attempt to modify the bis-heterocycle moiety present in the top region of the dihydropyrrole[2,3]pyridine template was made following new pharmacophoric hypothesis on the CRF(1) receptor antagonists binding pocket. In particular, the 2-thiazole ring, present in the previous series of compounds, was replaced by more hydrophilic non aromatic heterocycles able to make appropriate H-bond interactions with amino acid residues Thr192 and Tyr195. This exploration, followed by an accurate analysis of the substitution of the pendant aryl ring, enabled to identify in vitro potent compounds showing excellent pharmacokinetics and outstanding in vivo activity in animal models of anxiety, both in rodents and primates.
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Dihydropyrrole[2,3-d]pyridine derivatives as novel corticotropin-releasing factor-1 antagonists: mapping of the receptor binding pocket by in silico docking studies. J Med Chem 2009; 51:7273-86. [PMID: 18975927 DOI: 10.1021/jm800743q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to discover novel CRF-1 receptor antagonists exhibiting improved physicochemical properties, a dihydropirrole[2,3]pyridine scaffold was designed and explored in terms of the SAR of the substitution at the pendent phenyl ring and the nature of the heterocyclic moieties present in the upper region of the molecule. Selective and potent compounds have been discovered endowed with reduced ClogP with respect to compounds known in the literature. Of particular relevance was the finding that the in vitro affinity of the series was maintained by reducing the overall lipophilicity. The results achieved by this exploration enabled the formulation of a novel hypothesis on the nature of the receptor binding pocket of this class of CRF-1 receptor antagonists, making use of in silico docking studies of the putative nonpeptidic antagonist binding site set up in house by homology modeling techniques.
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Regioselective Preparation
of N-Methylpyrazole Derivative. Synlett 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1078278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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A new versatile and diastereoselective synthesis of polysubstituted 2-oxopiperazines from naturally occurring amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Synthesis of 1-Oxo-1-(3-pyridazinyl) Derivatives - Potent Inhibitors of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH): An Improved and Optimized Procedure. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-990774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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A novel ketolide class: Synthesis and antibacterial activity of a lead compound. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5265-9. [PMID: 17681467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2007] [Revised: 02/01/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of a new class of ketolide antibiotics, exemplified by the prototype GW680788X (1), are described. The structure of (1) has been elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The good antibacterial activity shown by (1) in comparison with clarithromycin prompted us to consider this compound as a lead molecule for further exploration.
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Pertinence of sequential use of gemcitabine and irinotecan following docetaxel and cisplatin for non operable non small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.17138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
17138 Background: The objective of the study is to determine if the switch to a gemcitabin (G) and irinotecan (I) is efficient after low efficacy of a docetaxel (D) and cisplatin (C) regimen for advenced non small cells carcinoma (NSCLC). Methods: Eligible patients were above 18 years old and under 75, with stage IIIb or IV NSCLC. No previously chemotherapy, WHO = 0, 1, 2 under 60 and WHO = 0, 1 under 60. mesurable target. Treatment D and C = 75 mg/m2 were given wekks 1, 4 and 7. After evaluation on week 10: in case of objective response 3 more cycles of DC were administred, if not a switch was performed with G 1000 mg/m2 and I 100 mg/m2 given as 90 minutes infusion J1-J8 every 3 weeks before a new evaluation after 3 cycles. Results: 21 patients entered the study, median age 57 (37–74). Stage IIIb = 8, IV = 13. Efficacy: we observed 8 patients with objective response (38%). Among 13 patients without an objective response after 3 DC only 4 patients received the switch treatment of GI. We found no new objective respons among them. Conclusions: For non responsive NSCLC patients to docetaxel-cisplatin regimen the treatment by gemcitabin-irinotecan does not seem relevant. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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24
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Asymmetric synthesis of enantiomerically pure and diversely functionalized cyclopropanes. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00146a029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Abstract
The search for new antibacterial agents still represents an active area of research. In this paper the synthesis of a new class of β-lactam agents characterized by an interesting antibacterial profile is reported; together with a description of the most significant synthetic aspects encountered during this work.Key words: β-lactams, pentacyclic, O-alkylation, trinem.
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Abstract
We report the total synthesis of the cytotoxic agent (-)-anthoplalone and the determination of its absolute stereochemistry. The cyclopropane moiety was prepared using a nonracemic bicyclic chloroallyl phosphonamide anion addition to tert-butyl 3,3-dimethyl acrylate. Several pathways were studied to secure the E-trisubstituted olefin of the left part of the molecule.
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Synthesis and antibacterial activity of trinems bearing nitrogen derivatives at C(4). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02256813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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31
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Asymmetric Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure and Diversely Functionalized Cyclopropanes J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 10393−10394. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja955040v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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33
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Abstract
Squalestatins without either the hydroxy group at C-4 or the carboxylic acid at C-3 or C-4 were prepared and evaluated for their ability to inhibit rat liver microsomal squalene synthase (SQS) in vitro. These modifications were well tolerated for compounds with the 4,6-dimethyloctenoate ester at C-6 (S1 series). However in analogues without the C-6 ester (H1 series), removal of the C-4 hydroxy group gave compounds with reduced potency, whereas decarboxylation at C-3 resulted in a dramatic loss of SQS inhibitory activity. In comparison with S1 1, C-4 deoxyS1 3 and C-3 decarboxyS1 10 have shorter in vivo durations of action on the inhibition of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis in rats. C-4 deoxyS1 3 retains good serum cholesterol-lowering ability in marmosets, while C-3 decarboxyS1 10 showed only a marginal effect even at high dose.
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Abstract
6-alpha and 6-beta Alkylcarbonylmethyl penems were synthesized from 6-alpha-bromo and 6-oxo penicillanates respectively and their in vitro antibacterial activity was studied. The compounds were generally active against Gram-positive but not against Gram-negative strains, the compounds of the 6-beta series being more active. Relatively to imipenem, taken as reference compound, the penems resulted more stable towards chemical hydrolysis in Tris-HCl buffered medium (pH 7.4) but more sensitive towards dehydropeptidase-I (DHP-I).
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36
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The squalestatins: Cleavage of the bicyclic core via the novel 2,8,9-trioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane ring system. Tetrahedron Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(94)88347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Oesophageal candidiasis in primary HIV infection. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 1992; 1:126. [PMID: 1342373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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38
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The Hammett equation for a series of pyridines. BOLLETTINO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI BIOLOGIA SPERIMENTALE 1986; 62:1229-35. [PMID: 3828121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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