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Grundmann D, Linder M, Gossling A, Voigtlaender L, Ludwig S, Waldschmidt L, Demal T, Bhadra O, Seiffert M, Schaefer A, Reichenspurner H, Blankenberg S, Westermann D, Conradi L, Schofer N. Diagnostic value and prognostic impact of various invasively derived hemodynamic parameters in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Ejection time (ET) and Acceleration time (AT) have been described as echocardiographic markers for aortic stenosis (AS).1 Moreover, in a recent study time between invasively measured left ventricular and aortic systolic pressure peaks (T-LVAo) was associated with anatomic AS severity.2 However, the diagnostic value of these parameters has not been validated in a larger patient cohort and their prognostic impact in AS patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remains unknown.
Purpose
We aimed to assess the diagnostic value and prognostic impact of ET, AT, and T-LVAo as assessed by invasive measurements in patients undergoing TAVI for severe AS.
Methods
This retrospective single-centre analysis studied 1478 patients undergoing TAVI from 2014 to 2019 for severe AS. All patients received echocardiographic, multislice computed tomography (MSCT) and invasive hemodynamic evaluation with simultaneous pressure measurements in left ventricle and aorta prior to TAVI. Anatomic AS severity was assessed according to MSCT-derived aortic valve calcification density (AVCd) defined as calcium volume per annulus area. All hemodynamic parameters were calculated offline using a dedicated software.
Results
Median patients' age was 81.2 (76.8–84.7) years and 807 (54.6%) were women. Predicted operative risk for mortality was 3.8 (2.6–5.7)% according to STS Score. Medians of invasively derived parameters were 70.0 ms (46.0–98.0) for T-LVAo, 308.0 ms (276.0–336.0) for ET, 180.0 ms (146.0–206.0) for AT. In spline analysis correlation of T-LVAo (Spearman: r=0.35; p<0.001) and ET (Spearman: r=0.18; p<0.001) with AVCd was significant but weak. AT showed negligible correlation with ACVd (Spearman: r=−0.05; p=0.089). The optimal cutoff for death (CD) according to C-statistic was 274 ms for ET and 158 ms for AT. Patients with ET or AT ≥ CD showed lower short and mid-term mortality rates compared to patients with ET or AT < CD (ET ≥ vs. < CD: mortality at 1-year: 14.5 vs. 31.9%, 3-years: 28.3 vs. 53.5%, all p<0.001; AT ≥ vs < CD: mortality at 1-year: 15.5 vs. 25.9%, p<0.001, 3-years: 34.0 vs. 41.0%, p=0.0032). Moreover, multivariate analysis for mortality identified ET (HR 0.58 [95% CI 0.43–0.77; p<0.001]) and AT (HR 0.65 [95% CI 0.49–0.86; p=0.0027]) to be associated with beneficial outcome after TAVI, independent from clinical risk factors and echocardiography-derived parameters like LVEF, mean gradient or stroke volume index. In contrast, T-LVAo showed no prognostic impact according to uni- or multivariate analyses.
Conclusion
T-LVAo provides the highest diagnostic value among the investigational hemodynamic parameters, however correlation with AVCd was weak. ET and AT are strong independent outcome predictors beyond clinical risk factors and standard echocardiographic parameters in AS patients following TAVI. Accordingly, use of ET and AT might improve risk assessment in patients scheduled for TAVI.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Grundmann
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Linder
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Gossling
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - S Ludwig
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - T Demal
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - O Bhadra
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Seiffert
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Schaefer
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - D Westermann
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L Conradi
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - N Schofer
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Blanchard R, Beier KM, Gómez Jiménez FR, Grundmann D, Krupp J, Semenyna SW, Vasey PL. Meta-Analyses of Fraternal and Sororal Birth Order Effects in Homosexual Pedophiles, Hebephiles, and Teleiophiles. Arch Sex Behav 2021; 50:779-796. [PMID: 32895872 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-020-01819-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the relations between numbers of older brothers, numbers of older sisters, and the odds of homosexuality in later-born males, including males who are most attracted sexually to prepubescent or early pubescent children (pedohebephiles) and males who are most attracted sexually to adults (teleiophiles). The authors meta-analyzed data from 24 samples of homosexual and heterosexual men, originally reported in 18 studies, and totaling 18,213 subjects. The results confirmed that older brothers increase the odds of same-sex preference in pedohebephiles as they do in teleiophiles. They also replicated the recent finding that older sisters have a similar but weaker statistical association with the odds of homosexuality. These findings have two theoretical implications. First, the findings for older brothers and older sisters indicate some commonality in the factors that influence sexual preference in teleiophiles and those that influence sexual preference in pedohebephiles. Second, the finding for older sisters confirms a prediction stemming from the hypothesis that male fetuses stimulate maternal antibodies that increase the odds of homosexuality in later-born males. Such immunization could result from miscarried as well as full-term fetuses, and number of older sisters should correlate with number of male fetuses miscarried before gestation of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Blanchard
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
| | - Klaus M Beier
- Department of Health and Human Sciences, Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Dorit Grundmann
- Department of Health and Human Sciences, Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jurian Krupp
- Department of Health and Human Sciences, Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Scott W Semenyna
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Paul L Vasey
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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Bhadra OD, Demal TJ, Schneeberger Y, Ludwig S, Waldschmidt L, Grundmann D, Voigtlaender L, Linder M, Schofer N, Blankenberg S, Reichenspurner H, Seiffert M, Conradi L, Westermann D, Schaefer A. Comparison of Two Contemporary Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Heart Valves: Sapien 3 versus Sapien 3 Ultra. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Karam N, Jochheim D, Zadrozny M, Fischer JM, Gschwender S, Grundmann D, Baquet M, Bauer A, Theiss H, Hagl C, Pichlmeier M, Massberg S, Mehilli J. P5584Causes of death within the first year after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Lessons from EVERY-TAVI registry. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
According to current recommendations, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) should only be performed among patients with a life expectancy of at least one year. However, many deaths occur within the first year after TAVI.
Purpose
To assess the causes of death within one year after TAVI.
Methods
Data was taken between November 2007 and December 2017 from the EVERY-TAVI registry. Patients who died during TAVI or experienced mechanical complications requiring surgery were excluded from the analysis. We assessed the causes of death over 3 periods post-TAVI: within the first 30 days, between 30 and 90 days, and between 90 and 365 days.
Results
Overall, 2389 patients underwent TAVI without mechanical complications. Among them, 320 (1.3%) died within one year. Age was the main cause of death, accounting for 73 deaths (22.8%), followed by heart failure (20.6%) and infections (18.7%). During the first month, cardiogenic shock was the main cause of death (25.4%), followed by infections (22.2%) and terminal heart failure (20.6%), while age was responsible of only one death (1.6%). During the two following months, heart failure was the main cause of death (33.3%), followed by infections (21.2%), and the percentage of deaths due to age increased to 18.2%. After 3 months, age was the main cause of death (31.4%), followed by infection (16.8%) and heart failure (16.2%).
Causes of death within one year of TAVI Cause of death All (n=320) <30 days (n=63) 30–90 days (n=66) >90 days (n=191) Older age, n (%) 73 (22.8) 1 (1.6) 12 (18.2) 60 (31.4) Terminal heart failure, n (%) 66 (20.6) 13 (20.6) 22 (33.3) 31 (16.2) Infection, n (%) 60 (18.7) 14 (22.2) 14 (21.2) 32 (16.8) Terminal renal failure, n (%) 26 (8.1) 4 (6.3) 5 (7.6) 17 (8.9) Cardiogenic shock, n (%) 26 (8.1) 16 (25.4) 4 (6.1) 6 (3.1) Malignancies, n (%) 18 (5.6) 0 (0.0) 2 (3.0) 16 (8.4) Sudden death, n (%) 17 (5.3) 6 (9.5) 2 (3.0) 9 (4.7) Stroke, n (%) 12 (3.7) 4 (6.3) 2 (3.0) 6 (3.1) Accident, n (%) 7 (2.2) 2 (3.2) 0 (0.0) 5 (2.6) Myocardial infarction, n (%) 7 (2.2) 2 (3.2) 2 (3.0) 3 (1.6) Non-cardiac surgery, n (%) 5 (1.6) 1 (1.6) 1 (1.5) 3 (1.6) Pulmonary embolism, n (%) 3 (0.9) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 3 (1.6)
Conclusion
Cardiogenic shock is the main cause within the first month after TAVI, while older age is the main cause overall and after the initial months, highlighting the need to more carefully selection of patients undergoing TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Karam
- Inserm U970 - Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), Cardiovascular Epidemiology-Sudden Death, Paris, France
| | - D Jochheim
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Zadrozny
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiology, Munich, Germany
| | - J M Fischer
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiology, Munich, Germany
| | - S Gschwender
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiology, Munich, Germany
| | - D Grundmann
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Baquet
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiology, Munich, Germany
| | - A Bauer
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiology, Munich, Germany
| | - H Theiss
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiology, Munich, Germany
| | - C Hagl
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiac surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - M Pichlmeier
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiac surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - S Massberg
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiology, Munich, Germany
| | - J Mehilli
- University Hospital of Munich, Cardiology, Munich, Germany
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Marx L, Lehnerts S, Grundmann D, Schreiber D, Braun A, Abdel-Aziz H, Kelber O, Schäfer KH. The influence of the multicomponent herbal preparation STW5 on intestinal inflammation and motility. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Marx
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - S Lehnerts
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - D Grundmann
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - D Schreiber
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - A Braun
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - H Abdel-Aziz
- Medical & clinical affairs phytomedicine, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Bayer Consumer Health, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Kelber
- Medical & clinical affairs phytomedicine, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Bayer Consumer Health, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - KH Schäfer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
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Grundmann D, Krupp J, Scherner G, Amelung T, Beier KM. Response to Tozdan and Briken's (2016) "Accepting Sexual Interest in Children as Unchangeable: One Claim Fits for All?". Arch Sex Behav 2017; 46:335-336. [PMID: 28039594 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-016-0925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Grundmann
- Institut für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jurian Krupp
- Institut für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerold Scherner
- Institut für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Amelung
- Institut für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Klaus Michael Beier
- Institut für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany
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7
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Grundmann D, Krupp J, Scherner G, Amelung T, Beier KM. Stability of Self-Reported Arousal to Sexual Fantasies Involving Children in a Clinical Sample of Pedophiles and Hebephiles. Arch Sex Behav 2016; 45:1153-1162. [PMID: 27113471 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-016-0729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In forensic research, there is a controversial discussion concerning the changeability or stability of pedophilia. Seto (2012) conceptualized pedophilia as a sexual age orientation characterized by an early onset, correlations with sexual and romantic behavior, and stability over time. However, empirical data are sparse and are mostly based on samples of detected offenders. The present study examined self-reported arousal to sexual fantasies involving children in a clinical sample of pedo-/hebephiles. In Study 1, retrospective self-reports on the age of onset and duration of sexual interest in minors were examined. In Study 2, the stability and variability of self-reported arousal to sexual fantasies involving children were evaluated prospectively. Non-prosecuted self-identifying pedo-/hebephilic men seeking professional help were recruited within the Berlin Prevention Project Dunkelfeld. Between 2005 and 2013, 494 participants completed the intake assessment. Self-reported data were collected via questionnaire focusing on sexual arousal to fantasies during masturbation involving prepubescent and/or early pubescent minors. Subsequent assessments of sexual arousal were obtained for 121 of the participants. The average time between the first and last assessment was approximately 29 months. Spearman's correlation coefficients examined the between-group rank-order and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests examined the within-individual mean-level stability. The majority of subjects reported an early onset of their pedo-/hebephilic sexual arousal. The rank-order stability was medium to high. Over the investigated period, the majority of subjects showed no or only minimal decrease or increase of self-reported sexual arousal. These results suggested that sexual arousal to fantasies involving prepubescent and/or early pubescent children is stable. Furthermore, the results support the conceptualization of pedo-/hebephilia as a sexual age orientation in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Grundmann
- Department of Health and Human Sciences, Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jurian Krupp
- Department of Health and Human Sciences, Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerold Scherner
- Department of Health and Human Sciences, Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Amelung
- Department of Health and Human Sciences, Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus M Beier
- Department of Health and Human Sciences, Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Beier
- Institut für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - T. Amelung
- Institut für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - L. Kuhle
- Institut für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - D. Grundmann
- Institut für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - G. Scherner
- Institut für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - J. Neutze
- Abteilung für Forensische Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie am Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, Universität Regensburg
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Beier KM, Grundmann D, Kuhle LF, Scherner G, Konrad A, Amelung T. The German Dunkelfeld Project: A Pilot Study to Prevent Child Sexual Abuse and the Use of Child Abusive Images. J Sex Med 2015; 12:529-42. [DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Beier
- Institut Für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | - T. Amelung
- Institut Für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | - L. Kuhle
- Institut Für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | - D. Grundmann
- Institut Für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | - G. Scherner
- Institut Für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | - J. Neutze
- Abteilung für Forensische Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie am Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, Universität Regensburg
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Abstract
Current knowledge about risk factors for child sexual abuse and child pornography offenses is based on samples of convicted offenders, i.e., detected offenders. Only few studies focus on offenders not detected by the criminal justice system. In this study, a sample of 345 self-referred pedophiles and hebephiles was recruited from the community. All participants met DSM-IV-TR criteria for pedophilia or hebephilia (paraphilia not otherwise specified), were assured of confidentiality, and self-reported lifetime sexual offending against prepubescent and/or pubescent children. Two sets of group comparisons were conducted on self-report data of risk factors for sexual reoffending. Measures of risk factors address the following dimensions identified in samples of convicted offenders: sexual preferences (i.e. co-occurring paraphilias), sexual self-regulation problems, offense-supportive cognitions, diverse socio-affective deficits, and indicators of social functioning (e.g., education, employment). Men who admitted current or previous investigation or conviction by legal authorities (detected offenders) were compared with those who denied any detection for their sexual offenses against children (undetected offenders). Group comparisons (detected vs. undetected) were further conducted for each offense type separately (child pornography only offenders, child sexual abuse only offenders, mixed offenders). Although there were more similarities between undetected and detected offenders, selected measures of sexual-self regulation problems, socio-affective deficits, and social functioning data demonstrated group differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Neutze
- Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie und Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Streetz K, Leifeld L, Grundmann D, Ramakers J, Eckert K, Spengler U, Brenner D, Manns M, Trautwein C. Tumor necrosis factor alpha in the pathogenesis of human and murine fulminant hepatic failure. Gastroenterology 2000; 119:446-60. [PMID: 10930380 DOI: 10.1053/gast.2000.9364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha/TNF receptor system is critical for liver development because hepatocytes undergo apoptosis if the antiapoptotic cascades resulting in RelA NF-kappaB activation are not effective. Therefore, we studied the role of TNF-alpha in fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) and developed a new therapeutic strategy. METHODS Serum levels and hepatic expression of TNF-alpha and both TNF receptors were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry. Adenoviral vectors were constructed expressing dominant-negative proteins interfering with intracellular TNF-alpha-dependent pathways. The relevance of these constructs was studied in primary mouse hepatocytes and in a murine model of FHF. RESULTS Serum levels of TNF-alpha and TNF receptors are significantly increased in FHF; this increase correlates with patient prognosis. In livers of patients with FHF, infiltrating mononuclear cells express high amounts of TNF-alpha and hepatocytes overexpress TNF receptor 1 (TNF-R1). Apoptotic hepatocytes are significantly increased in FHF, and there is a strong correlation with TNF-alpha expression, which is even more pronounced in areas of mononuclear infiltrates. In an in vivo FHF model, the Fas-associated death domain (FADD), adenovirus selectively blocked the intracellular pathway, leading to mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, and, thus, apoptosis of hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS The results show that the TNF-alpha/TNF-R1 system is involved in the pathogenesis of FHF in humans. Studies in this animal model indicate that FADD may serve as a molecular target to prevent liver cell death in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Streetz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Grundmann D. Megascorbic therapy: "an overview on its application in therapeutics and prevention in general practice.". Australas Nurses J 1978; 8:5-6. [PMID: 106831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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