1
|
Baldacci AE, Gattavecchia E, Kirchner G. Observations and modelling of thoron and its progeny in the soil-atmosphere-plant system. J Environ Radioact 2010; 101:992-1001. [PMID: 20727629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Samples of pasture vegetation, mainly Trifolium pratensis, were collected at the Botanic Garden of the University of Bologna during the period 1998-2000 and measured by gamma-spectrometry for determining thoron progeny. Concentrations of (212)Pb were between 1.5 and 20 Bq m(-2), with individual peaks up to 70 Bq m(-2). Soil samples were collected at the same location and physically characterised. Their chemical composition (particularly Th and U) was determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Lead-212 on plants mainly originates from dry and wet deposition of this isotope generated in the lower atmosphere by the decay of its short-lived precursor (220)Rn, which is produced in the upper soil layers as a member of the natural thorium decay chain and exhales into the atmosphere. Concentrations of (220)Rn in the atmosphere depend on (1) the amount of Th present in soil, (2) the radon fraction which escapes from the soil minerals into the soil pore space, (3) its transport into the atmosphere, and (4) its redistribution within the atmosphere. The mobility of radon in soil pore space can vary by orders of magnitude depending on the soil water content, thus being the main factor for varying concentrations of (220)Rn and (212)Pb in the atmosphere. We present a simple model to predict concentrations of thoron in air and its progeny deposited from the atmosphere, which takes into account varying soil moisture contents calculated by the OPUS code. Results of this model show close agreement with our observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A E Baldacci
- UCI-SCRM, University of Bologna, Via S. Donato 15, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Breccia A, Gattavecchia E, Fini A, Marchi E, Tamagnone GF. [14C] acetylation of a glycosaminoglycan sulphate: Sulodexide. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580280510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
3
|
Tonelli D, Gattavecchia E, Mazzella G, Roda A. Bile acid kinetics in man studied by radio thin-layer chromatography and densitometry coupling. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1997; 700:59-66. [PMID: 9390714 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00312-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A method based on coupling of the techniques of radioscanning a TLC plate and densitometry has been developed for the determination of pool sizes and fractional turnover rate of bile acids in man after intraduodenal administration of 14C-labelled acid. The validity of the method has been checked by comparison of the results obtained with those of an enzymatic spectrophotometric analysis, and a measurement of the radioactivity by liquid scintillation counting, after elution of the separated bile acid from a TLC plate. Advantages of the proposed method over the previous one include a reduced number of manipulations, the possibility of automation, a better reproducibility, and the possibility of elaborating the radiometric data obtained for the primary bile acid for better characterising its metabolism inside the enterohepatic circulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Tonelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica ed Inorganica, Università di Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Radiation provokes damage to DNA but also to membrane and protein structure. Radiolysis is a tool used very often in the study of free radical biological effects and of scavenger molecules effectiveness. Nitroimidazoles have been demonstrated to enhance the radiation effects on biological structures. The studies we have performed on isolated mitochondria irradiated, with and without nitroimidazoles, at a radiation dose equal to LD90, indicate that this treatment is not able to affect the structural and functional features investigated (ubiquinone-10, fatty acids, respiratory cytochrome levels or membrane fluidity and respiratory enzymatic activities), suggesting that an involvement of such externally produced radicals on membrane damage is unlikely. Moreover it was ascertained that the mitochondrial redox activities do not take part into the intracellular nitroimidazole reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Battino
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Marchi E, Barbanti M, Milani R, Breccia A, Fini A, Gattavecchia E. Organ glycosaminoglycan distribution after intravenous and oral administration in rats. Semin Thromb Hemost 1994; 20:297-300. [PMID: 7824965 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1001916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Marchi
- Alfa Wassermann S.p.A., Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ferri E, Gattavecchia E, Feroci G, Battino M. Interaction between reactive oxygen species and coenzyme Q10 in an aprotic medium: a cyclic voltammetry study. Mol Aspects Med 1994; 15 Suppl:s83-8. [PMID: 7752848 DOI: 10.1016/0098-2997(94)90016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of coenzyme Q (CoQ) as an antioxidant agent in several oxidative processes both in vitro and in vivo is nowadays pointed out by several biochemical and clinical studies, but the chemical mechanisms of this action are not yet unequivocally established. Electrochemistry provides very useful techniques for the analysis of the kinetics and thermodynamics, and mechanisms of chemical phenomena involving electron transfers, e.g. in the case of radical reactions. In the present study we used cyclic voltammetry to investigate the interactions between oxygen radicals and ubiquinone in aprotic medium, a condition similar to that existing in the biological membranes. The results obtained showed that ubiquinone is more easily reduced than oxygen, ruling out the possibility of an electron transfer from semiquinone to oxygen to produce superoxide radicals. On the contrary, it was demonstrated that fully reduced quinone is able to scavenge the superoxide radical, by reduction to peroxide ion, lowering actually the oxidative potential in the medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Ferri
- Istituto di Scienze Chimiche, University of Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tonelli D, Gattavecchia E, Ghini S, Porrini C, Celli G, Mercuri AM. Honey bees and their products as indicators of environmental radioactive pollution. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02035809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
8
|
Gori G, Cama G, Guerresi E, Cocchi G, Dalla Casa P, Gattavecchia E, Ghini S, Tonelli D. Radioactivity in breast milk and placentas during the year after Chernobyl. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 159:1232-4. [PMID: 3189457 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(88)90455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
After the April 1986 nuclear reactor accident at Chernobyl in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, samples of human placenta and breast milk were tested for 1 year to determine the levels of radioactivity. The radionuclide iodine 131 was never beyond the detection limit of our gamma detector for both matrices. As to cesium isotopes 134 and 137, the highest levels detected in breast milk (6 Bq.L-1) and placenta (15.8 Bq.kg-1) were recorded in March 1987. Study data for breast milk and placenta are in agreement with the values calculated by means of double-compartment food-milk and food-placenta models. With regard to placental content, the cesium contribution to the average dose during the year after the Chernobyl accident was calculated to be 40 to 60 microSv.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Gori
- Third Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gori G, Cama G, Guerresi E, Cocchi G, Dalla Casa P, Gattavecchia E, Ghini S, Tonelli D. Radioactivity in breast milk and placenta after Chernobyl accident. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158:1243-4. [PMID: 3369512 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(88)90270-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
10
|
|
11
|
Gagliardi L, Amato A, Basili A, Cavazzutti G, Gattavecchia E, Tonelli D. Determination of sun-screen agents of the p-aminobenzoic acid type in cosmetic products by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1986; 362:450-4. [PMID: 3489726 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)87001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
12
|
Gagliardi L, Amato A, Basili A, Cavazzutti G, Federici E, Chimenti F, Casanova MG, Gattavecchia E, Tonelli D. Determination of preservatives in cosmetic products by ion-pair reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. III. J Chromatogr A 1985; 348:321-6. [PMID: 4086642 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)92470-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
13
|
Gagliardi L, Amato A, Basili A, Cavazzutti G, Gattavecchia E, Tonelli D. Determination of preservatives in cosmetic products by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. II. J Chromatogr A 1985; 325:353-8. [PMID: 4019630 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)96043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
14
|
Gagliardi L, Amato A, Basili A, Cavazzutti G, Gattavecchia E, Tonelli D. Determination of phenolic preservatives in cosmetic products using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Farmaco Prat 1985; 40:165-72. [PMID: 4007148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
15
|
Gagliardi L, Amato A, Basili A, Cavazzutti G, Gattavecchia E, Tonelli D. Determination of preservatives in cosmetic products by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1984; 315:465-9. [PMID: 6526911 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)90771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
16
|
Busutti L, Breccia A, Stagni G, Gattavecchia E. Clinical trials with cyclophosphamide and misonidazole combination for maintaining treatment after radiation therapy of lung carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1984; 10:1739-43. [PMID: 6480456 DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(84)90540-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen patients with inoperable non oat cell lung carcinoma, who had already been treated with telecobalt therapy in the mediastinum-hilar region, were treated with continuing therapy with misonidazole (MISO) and cyclophosphamide (Cy). MISO was administered in single doses of 1000 mg/m2 and 500 mg/m2, orally. Cy was administered in single doses of 500 mg/m2 and 250 mg/m2, i.v. This treatment was given every 4 weeks. All patients (15/15) suffered from hyporexia, nausea and vomiting within 48 hours from administration; furthermore, 2 patients had hemoragic cystitis, 2 had peripheral neurotoxicity, 3 had fever, and 2 had serious nervous depression. Leukopenia occurred in all patients immediately after drug administration, although it was not present in any patient by the time of the next administration. This clinical trial was concluded in December 1981. The follow-up at 18 months shows 7/15 cases of relapse (3 patients dead and 1 patient alive with recurrence, 2 patients dead and 1 patient alive with metastasis without recurrence). Eight of 15 patients are alive with progression of disease from 8 to 18 months.
Collapse
|
17
|
Gattavecchia E, Tonelli D, Fuochi PG. Electrochemical and pulse radiolysis study of misonidazole and its azo and azoxy derivatives. Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med 1984; 45:469-77. [PMID: 6609899 DOI: 10.1080/09553008414550671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pulse radiolysis experiments were carried out on methanolic solutions of misonidazole and its azo and azoxy derivatives in order to obtain the spectra of their radical anions. The rate constants for the reaction of these compounds with es- were 2.5 X 10(10), 2.3 X 10(10) and 1.9 X 10(10) M-1 s-1 respectively. The electrochemical properties of the compounds were studied with the aim of producing their radical anions by electrolysis in aprotic medium (DMF, 0.1 M TEAP ). The potentials at cathodic peaks were -1.05, -1.10 and -1.18 V for misonidazole, azo and azoxy derivatives, respectively. The decay of the radical anion of misonidazole, which produces nitrite ions, was studied in particular, the corresponding rate constant being 2.8 X 10(-4) s-1. The possibility of using electrochemistry in the study of these transient species is discussed.
Collapse
|
18
|
Amato A, Gagliardi L, Cavazzutti G, Zagarese V, Signoretti Ciranni E, Chimenti F, Tonelli D, Gattavecchia E. Determination of amiodarone in pharmaceuticals by reversed-phase ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography. Farmaco Prat 1984; 39:96-100. [PMID: 6714396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|
19
|
Tonelli D, Gattavecchia E. Analytical aspects of hypoxic cell radiosensitizing drugs. Boll Chim Farm 1984; 123:117-23. [PMID: 6743392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
20
|
Amato A, Cavazzutti G, Profili M, Zagarese V, Chimenti F, Tonelli D, Gattavecchia E. Determination of vincamine by high-performance liquid chromatography with dual-wavelength ultraviolet detection. J Chromatogr A 1983; 270:387-91. [PMID: 6655023 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)96391-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
21
|
Gattavecchia E, Tonelli D. Simple and rapid purification of radiolabeled [14C]cyclophosphamide by Sep Pak C18 cartridges. Int J Appl Radiat Isot 1983; 34:1553-4. [PMID: 6642713 DOI: 10.1016/0020-708x(83)90293-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
22
|
Tonelli D, Gattavecchia E, Breccia A. Simultaneous determination of some radiosensitizing and chemotherapeutic drugs in plasma by thin-layer chromatography. J Chromatogr 1983; 275:223-8. [PMID: 6874868 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)84366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
23
|
Cavazzutti C, Gagliardi L, Amato A, Gattavecchia E, Tonelli D. Determination of quinine in hair preparations by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1983; 257:166-9. [PMID: 6841521 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)88170-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
24
|
Tonelli D, Gattavecchia E, Gandolfi M. Thin-layer chromatographic determination of indolic tryptophan metabolites in human urine using Sep-Pak C18 extraction. J Chromatogr 1982; 231:283-9. [PMID: 7130309 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)81853-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Tryptophan and some of its indole metabolites were separated by thin-layer chromatography, stained with the Van Urk--Salkowski reagent, and quantitated by scanning densitometry. The application of this technique for the detection of the indoles in urine samples, employing Sep-Pak C18 cartridges for extraction, was demonstrated. The proposed method is simple and accurate. The detection limits were 2 micrograms/ml 5-hydroxytryptophan, 1.75 micrograms/ml 5-hydroxyindolyl-3-acetic acid, 1.5 micrograms/ml tryptophan, 0.8 micrograms/ml indolyl-3-acetic acid, 0.9 micrograms/ml indolyl-3-butyric acid, 1.75 micrograms/ml serotonin, and 1.25 micrograms/ml tryptamine.
Collapse
|
25
|
Gattavecchia E, Tonelli D, Breccia A, Roffia S. The production of nitrite from radiolytic, photolytic and electrolytic degradation of metronidazole. Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med 1982; 42:105-9. [PMID: 6980851 DOI: 10.1080/09553008214550961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
26
|
Gattavecchia E, Tonelli D, Breccia A. Determination of metronidazole, misonidazole and its metabolite in serum and urine on RP-18 high-performance thin-layer chromatographic plates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)80220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
27
|
Tonelli D, Budini R, Gattavecchia E, Girotti S. A simple and continuous assay for decarboxylase activity using a carbon dioxide-selective electrode. Anal Biochem 1981; 111:189-94. [PMID: 6786141 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
28
|
Gattavecchia E, Di Pietra AM, Tonelli D, Borgatti A. Effect of diflubenzuron and its major degradation products on the growth of Euglena gracilis Z. and incorporation of glycine-U-14C in protein. J Environ Sci Health B 1981; 16:159-166. [PMID: 6788833 DOI: 10.1080/03601238109372248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Diflubenzuron (I) and its major degradation products 4-chlorophenyl urea (II), 2,6-difluorobenzoic acid (III) and 4-chloroaniline (IV) were tested for their activity on Euglena gracilis Z. The inhibition on the growth and on the incorporation of glycine-U-14C in the protein of Euglena was measured in the presence of I-IV ranging 10 to 200 ppm. 4-chloroaniline caused a considerable inhibition at every tested level whereas I-III slightly affected only the incorporation. Therefore, it must be inferred that diflubenzuron shows no effect on growth and protein biosynthesis for this nontarget organism.
Collapse
|
29
|
Badiello R, Gattavecchia E, Mattii M, Tamba M. Further observations on in vivo radioprotection of rats by selenourea. Z Naturforsch C Biosci 1974; 29C:647-8. [PMID: 4278103 DOI: 10.1515/znc-1974-9-1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This paper deals with a study of some tests in rats in vivo after gamma irradiation in the presence and in the ab sence of selenourea. The factors considered were the total protein content, the protein pattern, and some serum enzymes, like GOT, GPT and AP. The result shows that the preadministration of selenourea modifies fovourably the changes induced by ionizing radiation
Collapse
|