1
|
Vivas D, Jimenez J, Martin-Asenjo R, Bernardo E, Ortega-Pozzi A, Gomez-Polo JC, Moreno G, Vilacosta I, Perez-Villacastin J, Fernandez-Ortiz A. Effects of intravenous lysine acetylsalicylate versus oral aspirin on platelet responsiveness in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Prasugrel and ticagrelor, new P2Y12-ADP receptor antagonists, are associated with greater pharmacodynamic inhibition and reduction of cardiovascular events in patients with an acute coronary syndrome. However, evidence is lacked about the effects of achieving faster and stronger cyclooxygenase inhibition with intravenous lysine acetylsalicylate (LA) compared to oral aspirin on prasugrel inhibited platelets in patients with an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods
This is a prospective, randomized, multicenter, open platelet function study conducted. STEMI patients were randomly assigned to receive a loading dose (LD) of intravenous LA 450mg plus oral ticagrelor 180mg, or LD of aspirin 300mg plus ticagrelor 180mg orally. Platelet function was evaluated at baseline, 30 min, 1h, and 24h using multiple electrode aggregometry and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation (VASP). The primary endpoint of the study is the inhibition of platelet aggregation after arachidonic acid (AA) 1.5mM at 30 min. Secondary endopoints are the inhibition of platelet aggregation after AA baseline and at 1h, and 24h, and measurement of aggregation with other platelet test (ADP, collagen and VASP).
Results
A total of 32 STEMI patients were randomized (16 LA, 16 aspirin). The inhibition of platelet aggregation after AA 1.5 mM at 30 min was greater in subjects treated with LA compared with aspirin: 166 vs. 412 respectively, p=0.001. This differential effect was observed at 1 hour (p=0.01), but not at 24 hours. Subjects treated with LA presented less variability and faster and greater inhibition of platelet aggregation with AA compared with aspirin (Figure 1).
Conclusions
The administration of intravenous LA resulted in a significantly reduction of platelet reactivity compared to oral aspirin on ticagrelor inhibited platelets in patients with STEMI. Loading dose of LA achieves an earlier platelet inhibition, and with less variability than aspirin.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): This study was supported by the CTU-SCReN (Clinical Trial Unit – Spanish Clinical Research Network) from San Carlos University Hospital (Madrid, Spain), financed by the ISCII (Project PI16/00191)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Vivas
- Cardiovascular Institute. San Carlos University Hospital , Madrid , Spain
| | - J Jimenez
- SUMMA 112 Emergency Medical Service , Madrid , Spain
| | | | - E Bernardo
- Cardiovascular Institute. San Carlos University Hospital , Madrid , Spain
| | - A Ortega-Pozzi
- Cardiovascular Institute. San Carlos University Hospital , Madrid , Spain
| | - J C Gomez-Polo
- Cardiovascular Institute. San Carlos University Hospital , Madrid , Spain
| | - G Moreno
- University Hospital 12 de Octubre , Madrid , Spain
| | - I Vilacosta
- Cardiovascular Institute. San Carlos University Hospital , Madrid , Spain
| | | | - A Fernandez-Ortiz
- Cardiovascular Institute. San Carlos University Hospital , Madrid , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Miguel-Escalada I, Maestro MÁ, Balboa D, Elek A, Bernal A, Bernardo E, Grau V, García-Hurtado J, Sebé-Pedrós A, Ferrer J. Pancreas agenesis mutations disrupt a lead enhancer controlling a developmental enhancer cluster. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1922-1936.e9. [PMID: 35998583 PMCID: PMC9426562 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Sequence variants in cis-acting enhancers are important for polygenic disease, but their role in Mendelian disease is poorly understood. Redundancy between enhancers that regulate the same gene is thought to mitigate the pathogenic impact of enhancer mutations. Recent findings, however, have shown that loss-of-function mutations in a single enhancer near PTF1A cause pancreas agenesis and neonatal diabetes. Using mouse and human genetic models, we show that this enhancer activates an entire PTF1A enhancer cluster in early pancreatic multipotent progenitors. This leading role, therefore, precludes functional redundancy. We further demonstrate that transient expression of PTF1A in multipotent progenitors sets in motion an epigenetic cascade that is required for duct and endocrine differentiation. These findings shed insights into the genome regulatory mechanisms that drive pancreas differentiation. Furthermore, they reveal an enhancer that acts as a regulatory master key and is thus vulnerable to pathogenic loss-of-function mutations. The pancreas agenesis enhancer (EnhP) activates PTF1A in early pancreatic progenitors EnhP also activates other progenitor PTF1A enhancers This master key function explains why EnhP is vulnerable to loss-of-function mutations Transient PTF1A expression in progenitors controls pancreas growth and endocrinogenesis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Miguel-Escalada
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ángel Maestro
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Diego Balboa
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Anamaria Elek
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Aina Bernal
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Edgar Bernardo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Vanessa Grau
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Javier García-Hurtado
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Arnau Sebé-Pedrós
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Genetics and Genomics Section, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Díaz-Chamorro S, Garrido-Jiménez S, Barrera-López JF, Mateos-Quirós CM, Cumplido-Laso G, Lorenzo MJ, Román ÁC, Bernardo E, Sabio G, Carvajal-González JM, Centeno F. Title: p38δ Regulates IL6 Expression Modulating ERK Phosphorylation in Preadipocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:708844. [PMID: 35111744 PMCID: PMC8802314 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.708844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IL6 is an essential cytokine in metabolism regulation and for intercommunication among different organs and tissues. IL6 produced by different tissues has different functions and therefore it is very important to understand the mechanism of its expression in adipose tissue. In this work we demonstrated that IL6 expression in mouse preadipocytes, like in human, is partially dependent on Wnt5a and JNK. Using mouse preadipocytes lacking each one of the p38 SAPK family members, we have shown that IL6 expression is also p38γ and p38δ dependent. In fact, the lack of some of these two kinases increases IL6 expression without altering that of Wnt5a. Moreover, we show that the absence of p38δ promotes greater ERK1/2 phosphorylation in a MEK1/2 independent manner, and that this increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation state is contributing to the higher IL6 expression in p38δ−/- preadipocytes. These results suggest a new crosstalk between two MAPK signaling pathway, p38δ and ERK1/2, where p38δ modulates the phosphorylation state of ERK1/2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selene Díaz-Chamorro
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Sergio Garrido-Jiménez
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Barrera-López
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Clara María Mateos-Quirós
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Cumplido-Laso
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Badajoz, Spain
| | - María Jesús Lorenzo
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ángel Carlos Román
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Edgar Bernardo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Carvajal-González
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Francisco Centeno
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Badajoz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Torres JL, Usategui-Martín R, Hernández-Cosido L, Bernardo E, Manzanedo-Bueno L, Hernández-García I, Mateos-Díaz AM, Rozo O, Matesanz N, Salete-Granado D, Chamorro AJ, Carbonell C, Garcia-Macia M, González-Sarmiento R, Sabio G, Muñoz-Bellvís L, Marcos M. PPAR-γ Gene Expression in Human Adipose Tissue Is Associated with Weight Loss After Sleeve Gastrectomy. J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 26:286-297. [PMID: 34882294 PMCID: PMC8821495 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-021-05216-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ plays a key role in adipose tissue differentiation and fat metabolism. However, it is unclear which factors may regulate its expression and whether obese patients have changes in adipose tissue expression of PPAR-γor potential regulators such as miR-27. Thus, our aims were to analyze PPAR-γ and miR-27 expression in adipose tissue of obese patients, and to correlate their levels with clinical variables. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We included 43 morbidly obese subjects who underwent sleeve gastrectomy (31 of them completed 1-year follow-up) and 19 non-obese subjects. mRNA expression of PPAR-γ1 and PPAR-γ2, miR-27a, and miR-27b was measured by qPCR in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Clinical variables and serum adipokine and hormone levels were correlated with PPAR-γ and miR-27 expression. In addition, a systematic review of the literature regarding PPAR-γ expression in adipose tissue of obese patients was performed. RESULTS We found no differences in the expression of PPAR-γ and miR-27 in adipose tissue of obese patients vs. controls. The literature review revealed discrepant results regarding PPAR-γ expression in adipose tissue of obese patients. Of note, we described a significant negative correlation between pre-operative PPAR-γ1 expression in adipose tissue of obese patients and post-operative weight loss, potentially linked with insulin resistance markers. CONCLUSION PPAR-γ1 expression in adipose tissue is associated with weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy and may be used as a biomarker for response to surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge-Luis Torres
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-SACYL-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain ,Department of Internal Medicine, Complejo Asistencial de Zamora-SACYL, Zamora, Spain
| | - Ricardo Usategui-Martín
- IOBA, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain ,Cooperative Health Network for Research (RETICS), Oftared, National Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hernández-Cosido
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain ,University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Edgar Bernardo
- Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Manzanedo-Bueno
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-SACYL-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain ,Department of Internal Medicine, Complejo Asistencial de Zamora-SACYL, Zamora, Spain
| | - Ignacio Hernández-García
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Lozano Blesa University Clinical Hospital of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana-María Mateos-Díaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-SACYL-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Orlando Rozo
- Department of Surgery, Complejo Asistencial de Ávila-SACYL, Ávila, Spain
| | - Nuria Matesanz
- Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio-Javier Chamorro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-SACYL-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain ,University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Carbonell
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-SACYL-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain ,University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marina Garcia-Macia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-SACYL-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain ,Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, University of Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain ,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Fragilidad Y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Muñoz-Bellvís
- Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-SACYL-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain ,University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pereiro X, Bernardo E. Antropología. ¿Por qué importa? Antrop Port 2021. [DOI: 10.14195/2182-7982_38_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
6
|
Ghose R, Aranguren-Ibáñez Á, Arecco N, Balboa D, Bataller M, Beltran S, Benisty H, Bénard A, Bernardo E, Carbonell Sala S, Casals E, Ciampi L, Condemi L, Corvó A, Cosín-Tomás M, Cuenca-Ardura M, Duran Serrano JM, Espejo Díaz MI, Fernandez Callejo M, Gañez-Zapater A, Garcia-Castellanos R, Garrido R, Henkin G, Hermoso Pulido T, Hernandez-Alias X, Herrero Vicente J, Ingham M, Lim WM, Llonch S, Marmesat Bertoli E, Miguel-Escalada I, Montero-Blay A, Navarrete Hernández C, Neguembor MV, Ní Chárthaigh RA, Pardo-Lorente N, Pascual-Reguant L, Pérez-Lluch S, Perza R, Pesaresi M, Picó Amador D, Pifarré P, Piscia D, Plana-Carmona M, Ponomarenko J, Radusky L, Rivero E, Rogalska M, Torcal Garcia G, Wojnacki J. From research to rapid response: mass COVID-19 testing by volunteers at the Centre for Genomic Regulation. F1000Res 2021; 9:1336. [PMID: 34745570 PMCID: PMC8564741 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.27497.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed and is continuously posing enormous societal and health challenges worldwide. The research community has mobilized to develop novel projects to find a cure or a vaccine, as well as to contribute to mass testing, which has been a critical measure to contain the infection in several countries. Through this article, we share our experiences and learnings as a group of volunteers at the Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) in Barcelona, Spain. As members of the ORFEU project, an initiative by the Government of Catalonia to achieve mass testing of people at risk and contain the epidemic in Spain, we share our motivations, challenges and the key lessons learnt, which we feel will help better prepare the global society to address similar situations in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritobrata Ghose
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 08005, Spain
| | - Álvaro Aranguren-Ibáñez
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Niccolò Arecco
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Diego Balboa
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Marc Bataller
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Sergi Beltran
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 4, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Hannah Benisty
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Angèle Bénard
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Edgar Bernardo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Sílvia Carbonell Sala
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Eloi Casals
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 4, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Ludovica Ciampi
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Livia Condemi
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Alberto Corvó
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 4, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Marta Cosín-Tomás
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.,ISGlobal, Barcelona, 08036, Spain.,CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, 08023, Spain
| | - Mirabai Cuenca-Ardura
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Duran Serrano
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - María Isabel Espejo Díaz
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Marcos Fernandez Callejo
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 4, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Antoni Gañez-Zapater
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Raquel Garcia-Castellanos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Romina Garrido
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Gil Henkin
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Toni Hermoso Pulido
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Xavier Hernandez-Alias
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Jorge Herrero Vicente
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Matthew Ingham
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 4, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Wei Ming Lim
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Sílvia Llonch
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Elena Marmesat Bertoli
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 4, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Irene Miguel-Escalada
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Ariadna Montero-Blay
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Cristina Navarrete Hernández
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Maria Victoria Neguembor
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Róisín-Ana Ní Chárthaigh
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Natalia Pardo-Lorente
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Laura Pascual-Reguant
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Sílvia Pérez-Lluch
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Reyes Perza
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Martina Pesaresi
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Daniel Picó Amador
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 4, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Paula Pifarré
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Davide Piscia
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 4, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Marcos Plana-Carmona
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Julia Ponomarenko
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Leandro Radusky
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Rivero
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Malgorzata Rogalska
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Guillem Torcal Garcia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - José Wojnacki
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gomez Polo J, Vivas Balcones D, Marcano Fernandez A, Playan Escribano J, Lugo Gavidia L, Bernardo E, Ortega Pozzi M, De La Hera Galarza J, Tello Montoliu A, Besteiro Vazquez A, Silva I, Marin F, Roldan Rabadan I, Gomez Hospital J, Ferreiro J. Impact of smoking habit on platelet reactivity in a cohort of patients admitted due to an acute coronary syndrome. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Several pharmacodynamic studies have shown the impact of smoking habit on platelet reactivity; with a reduction on platelet aggregation. Wether this inhibition in platelet reactivity is due to tobacco effects in platelet signaling pathways or due to a pharmacodynamic interaction with antiplatelet therapies is not well stablished.
Purpose
Our aim was to study the influence of smoking habit in platelet reactivity and in the response to P2Y12 inhibitors.
Methods
Patients admitted in four tertiary care hospitals due to an acute coronary syndrome that undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were consecutively and prospectively recruited. All the patients received dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor following current European Guidelines. Platelet function was assessed at day 1 and day 30 post-PCI by VerifyNow P2Y12, VASP (Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein) y MEA (Multiple electrode aggregometry).
Results
A total of 1000 patients were enrolled, of whom 12 had to be excluded due to inaccurate processing of blood samples. 372 patients (37,6%) had smoking habit. Non-smoking patients showed higher prevalence of high blood pressure [423 (68.7%) vs 196 (52.7%)] and diabetes mellitus [213 (34.6%) vs 81 (21.8%)]. Smoking patients were younger [57.3 (9,6) years old vs 68.4 (11.1)], with higher incidence of acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation [184 patients (49,5%) vs 241 (39.1%), p<0,001]. There were no differences in platelet function at day 1. When analysing platelet function 30 days post-PCI, a lower inhibition of platelet reactivity in non-smoking patients as compared with smoking patients was observed in those treated with clopidogrel, with higher prevalence of clopidogrel-resistance in non-smoking patients (VerifyNow, 51,2% prevalence of high platelet reactivity in non-smoking patients vs 34,9% 30 days after PCI, p=0,023). On the other hand, smoking patients that received ticagrelor did not show any differences. Patients with smoking habit treated with prasugrel showed a lower response of borderline statistical significance.
Conclusion
Smoking habit was associated with a lower response to prasugrel of borderline significance, and with higher response to clopidogrel, according with previous studies suggesting a pharmacodynamics interaction between tobacco use and P2Y12 inhibitors.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - L.M Lugo Gavidia
- University Hospital of Bellvitge, Hospitalet De Llobregat, Spain
| | - E Bernardo
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - I Silva
- University Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - F Marin
- University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Spain
| | | | | | - J.L Ferreiro
- University Hospital of Bellvitge, Hospitalet De Llobregat, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Playan Escribano J, Vivas Balcones D, Lugo Gavidia L, Gomez Polo J, Marcano Fernandez A, Bernardo E, Ortega M, De La Hera Galarza J, Tello-Montoliu A, Besteiro Vazquez A, Silva I, Marin F, Roldan I, Gomez-Hospital J, Ferreiro J. Is “one size fits all” anti-aggregation really effective? Variability in the response to P2Y12 receptor inhibitors in obese patients. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Different “ex vivo” studies have shown both a greater platelet activation and higher rates of resistance to clopidogrel in obese patients. Although there is less evidence, less prasugrel activity has also been observed in these patients. Our aim was to study the variability of the response to clopidogrel, ticagrelor and prasugrel in obese patients, defined as a body mass index ≥30.
Methods
Prospective, multicenter, observational, pharmacodynamic study, conducted in a Spanish population of patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and double anti-aggregation with acetylsalicylic acid and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor. Platelet function tests were performed the morning after the ICP and 30 days after it, including: 1) VerifyNow P2Y12 assay; 2) multiple electrode aggreometry (Multiplate); and 3) VASP analysis.
Results
Of the total patients included (988), 300 were obese (30.3%). The obese group was younger (62.8±12 years vs 64.9±12), had a higher incidence of arterial hypertension (76.3% vs. 56.7%), diabetes mellitus (35% vs. 27.5%); and lower incidence of chronic kidney disease (7.7% vs. 17%). There were no differences in the acute phase (day 1 after PCI) in the pharmacodynamic response to any of the P2Y12 inhibitors used. After 30 days, greater platelet aggregation (decreased response) was documented in obese patients treated with prasugrel according to VASP tests (PRI in non-obese 23.9±13% vs. 30.4±14.7% in obese, p 0.035) and MEA (area under the aggregation units curve in non-obese 251.7±104.1 vs 320±166.7 in obese, p 0.007) and a numerical trend with VerifyNow. A trend in the same direction was also observed in patients treated with clopidogrel that did not reach statistical significance with all the platelet function tests used. No differences were observed in the ticagrelor group.
Conclusion
Obese patients with an ACS treated with PCI have a worse response to thienopyridines than non-obese patients in the maintenance phase of antiaggregant treatment, while the response to ticagrelor is not affected by obesity. Completing the clinical follow-up proposed by the registry is necessary to know if these differences have an implication in cardiovascular events.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - E Bernardo
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - M.A Ortega
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - I Silva
- University Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - F Marin
- University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Spain
| | - I Roldan
- University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - J.L Ferreiro
- Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kalisz M, Bernardo E, Beucher A, Maestro MA, del Pozo N, Millán I, Haeberle L, Schlensog M, Safi SA, Knoefel WT, Grau V, de Vas M, Shpargel KB, Vaquero E, Magnuson T, Ortega S, Esposito I, Real FX, Ferrer J. HNF1A recruits KDM6A to activate differentiated acinar cell programs that suppress pancreatic cancer. EMBO J 2020; 39:e102808. [PMID: 32154941 PMCID: PMC7196917 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019102808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in transcriptional regulators of pancreatic exocrine differentiation have been implicated in pancreatic tumorigenesis, but the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. The locus encoding the transcription factor HNF1A harbors susceptibility variants for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), while KDM6A, encoding Lysine-specific demethylase 6A, carries somatic mutations in PDAC. Here, we show that pancreas-specific Hnf1a null mutant transcriptomes phenocopy those of Kdm6a mutations, and both defects synergize with KrasG12D to cause PDAC with sarcomatoid features. We combine genetic, epigenomic, and biochemical studies to show that HNF1A recruits KDM6A to genomic binding sites in pancreatic acinar cells. This remodels the acinar enhancer landscape, activates differentiated acinar cell programs, and indirectly suppresses oncogenic and epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes. We also identify a subset of non-classical PDAC samples that exhibit the HNF1A/KDM6A-deficient molecular phenotype. These findings provide direct genetic evidence that HNF1A deficiency promotes PDAC. They also connect the tumor-suppressive role of KDM6A deficiency with a cell-specific molecular mechanism that underlies PDAC subtype definition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Kalisz
- Section of Epigenomics and DiseaseDepartment of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre‐CNIOMadridSpain
- CIBERONCMadridSpain
| | - Edgar Bernardo
- Bioinformatics and Genomics ProgramCentre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)BarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Anthony Beucher
- Section of Epigenomics and DiseaseDepartment of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Miguel Angel Maestro
- Bioinformatics and Genomics ProgramCentre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)BarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Natalia del Pozo
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre‐CNIOMadridSpain
- CIBERONCMadridSpain
| | - Irene Millán
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre‐CNIOMadridSpain
- CIBERONCMadridSpain
| | - Lena Haeberle
- Institute of PathologyHeinrich‐Heine University and University Hospital of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Martin Schlensog
- Institute of PathologyHeinrich‐Heine University and University Hospital of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Sami Alexander Safi
- Department of SurgeryHeinrich‐Heine University and University Hospital of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Wolfram Trudo Knoefel
- Department of SurgeryHeinrich‐Heine University and University Hospital of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Vanessa Grau
- Bioinformatics and Genomics ProgramCentre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)BarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Matías de Vas
- Section of Epigenomics and DiseaseDepartment of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Karl B Shpargel
- Department of Genetics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Eva Vaquero
- CiberEHDInstitut de Malalties Digestives i MetabòliquesHospital ClínicIDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
| | - Terry Magnuson
- Department of Genetics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Sagrario Ortega
- Transgenics UnitSpanish National Cancer Research Centre‐CNIOMadridSpain
| | - Irene Esposito
- Department of SurgeryHeinrich‐Heine University and University Hospital of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Francisco X Real
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre‐CNIOMadridSpain
- CIBERONCMadridSpain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la SalutUniversitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Section of Epigenomics and DiseaseDepartment of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Bioinformatics and Genomics ProgramCentre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)BarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)BarcelonaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jimenez-Quevedo P, Bernardo E, Del Trigo M, Otsuki S, Nombela Franco L, Brugaletta S, Ortega Pozi A, Salinas P, Nunez Gil I, Megia Renteria H, Fernandez Ortiz A, Macaya C, Escaned J, Sabate M, Gonzalo N. P5613Proportional relationship between early mobilization of bone marrow progenitor cells and the extent of vascular injury during coronary stenting: insights on the role of systemic mechanisms of vascular. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The role of circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) on vascular repair after everolimus-eluting stent (EES) implantation is largely unknown.
Objectives
The aim of the study was to investigate the quantitative and temporal variations of CPCs levels after EES implantation, and its relationship with the degree of peri-procedural vascular damage, stent healing and neointimal hyperplasia, as measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Methods
In a consecutive series of patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing stent implantation CPC subpopulations (CD34+/CD45low, CD133+/CD45low, CD34/KDR/CD45low, CD133/KDR/CD45low) were evaluated using a flow cytometry technique at baseline, 1 and 4 weeks. OCT evaluation was performed immediately after stent implantation to quantify stenting-related injury, and at 9-month follow-up to assess mid-term vascular response.
Results
Twenty patients (mean age 66±9 years; 80%male) with 24 stenoses treated with EES were included in the study. Vascular injury score was associated with the increase of CD133+/KDR/CD45 low at 1-week (β0.28 [95% CI0.15; 0.41], p<0.001) and with the maximum neointimal thickness at 9-month follow-up (β0.008 [95% CI-0.0004; 0.002]:p=0.04). Mean neointimal area at 9-month was associated with the increase in the number of CD34+/CD45low at 1 week (β0.029 [95% CI0.025;-0.033]; p<0.0001). Inverse relationships between the number of uncoated and apposed struts at 9-month and the 1-week delta values of CD34/KDR/CD45low and CD133/KDR/CD45low (β-4.49 [95% CI-8.17;-0.82]; p=0.017 and β −12.53 [95% CI: −22.17; −2.90]; p=0.011, respectively) were also found.
Conclusion
Long-term vascular healing after EES implantation is modulated by early changes in levels of CPC subpopulations. This systemic response is proportional to the extent of vessel wall injury. Early mobilization of CPCs influences mid-term strut coverage and the development of neointimal hyperplasia.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Dr Jimenez-Quevedo is a recipient of the ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) grant “Fondo de Investigaciόn Sanitaria” (PI11/00299) to perform this
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - E Bernardo
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - S Otsuki
- Hospital Clinic San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - P Salinas
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - C Macaya
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Escaned
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Sabate
- Hospital Clinic San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Gonzalo
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Matesanz N, Nikolic I, Leiva M, Pulgarín-Alfaro M, Santamans AM, Bernardo E, Mora A, Herrera-Melle L, Rodríguez E, Beiroa D, Caballero A, Martín-García E, Acín-Pérez R, Hernández-Cosido L, Leiva-Vega L, Torres JL, Centeno F, Nebreda AR, Enríquez JA, Nogueiras R, Marcos M, Sabio G. p38α blocks brown adipose tissue thermogenesis through p38δ inhibition. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2004455. [PMID: 29979672 PMCID: PMC6051667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2004455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue has emerged as an important regulator of whole-body metabolism, and its capacity to dissipate energy in the form of heat has acquired a special relevance in recent years as potential treatment for obesity. In this context, the p38MAPK pathway has arisen as a key player in the thermogenic program because it is required for the activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and participates also in the transformation of white adipose tissue (WAT) into BAT-like depot called beige/brite tissue. Here, using mice that are deficient in p38α specifically in adipose tissue (p38αFab-KO), we unexpectedly found that lack of p38α protected against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. We also showed that p38αFab-KO mice presented higher energy expenditure due to increased BAT thermogenesis. Mechanistically, we found that lack of p38α resulted in the activation of the related protein kinase family member p38δ. Our results showed that p38δ is activated in BAT by cold exposure, and lack of this kinase specifically in adipose tissue (p38δ Fab-KO) resulted in overweight together with reduced energy expenditure and lower body and skin surface temperature in the BAT region. These observations indicate that p38α probably blocks BAT thermogenesis through p38δ inhibition. Consistent with the results obtained in animals, p38α was reduced in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue of subjects with obesity and was inversely correlated with body mass index (BMI). Altogether, we have elucidated a mechanism implicated in physiological BAT activation that has potential clinical implications for the treatment of obesity and related diseases such as diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Matesanz
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivana Nikolic
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Magdalena Leiva
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Pulgarín-Alfaro
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ayelén M. Santamans
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Edgar Bernardo
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Mora
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Herrera-Melle
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rodríguez
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Beiroa
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ainoa Caballero
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Martín-García
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Acín-Pérez
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hernández-Cosido
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Leiva-Vega
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge L. Torres
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-IBSAL, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco Centeno
- Facultad de Ciencias, University of Extremadura, Grupo GIEN (Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Angel R. Nebreda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Antonio Enríquez
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-IBSAL, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fiocco L, Elsayed H, Badocco D, Pastore P, Bellucci D, Cannillo V, Detsch R, Boccaccini AR, Bernardo E. Direct ink writing of silica-bonded calcite scaffolds from preceramic polymers and fillers. Biofabrication 2017; 9:025012. [PMID: 28393760 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa6c37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Silica-bonded calcite scaffolds have been successfully 3D-printed by direct ink writing, starting from a paste comprising a silicone polymer and calcite powders, calibrated in order to match a SiO2/CaCO3 weight balance of 35/65. The scaffolds, fabricated with two slightly different geometries, were first cross-linked at 350 °C, then fired at 600 °C, in air. The low temperature adopted for the conversion of the polymer into amorphous silica, by thermo-oxidative decomposition, prevented the decomposition of calcite. The obtained silica-bonded calcite scaffolds featured open porosity of about 56%-64% and compressive strength of about 2.9-5.5 MPa, depending on the geometry. Dissolution studies in SBF and preliminary cell culture tests, with bone marrow stromal cells, confirmed the in vitro bioactivity of the scaffolds and their biocompatibility. The seeded cells were found to be alive, well anchored and spread on the samples surface. The new silica-calcite composites are expected to be suitable candidates as tissue-engineering 3D scaffolds for regeneration of cancellous bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Fiocco
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fiocco L, Li S, Stevens M, Bernardo E, Jones J. Biocompatibility and bioactivity of porous polymer-derived Ca-Mg silicate ceramics. Acta Biomater 2017; 50:56-67. [PMID: 28017870 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium is a trace element in the human body, known to have important effects on cell differentiation and the mineralisation of calcified tissues. This study aimed to synthesise highly porous Ca-Mg silicate foamed scaffolds from preceramic polymers, with analysis of their biological response. Akermanite (Ak) and wollastonite-diopside (WD) ceramic foams were obtained from the pyrolysis of a liquid silicone mixed with reactive fillers. The porous structure was obtained by controlled water release from selected fillers (magnesium hydroxide and borax) at 350°C. The homogeneous distribution of open pores, with interconnects of modal diameters of 160-180μm was obtained and maintained after firing at 1100°C. Foams, with porosity exceeding 80%, exhibited compressive strength values of 1-2MPa. In vitro studies were conducted by immersion in SBF for 21days, showing suitable dissolution rates, pH and ionic concentrations. Cytotoxicity analysis performed in accordance with ISO10993-5 and ISO10993-12 standards confirmed excellent biocompatibility of both Ak and WD foams. In addition, MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the Mg-containing scaffolds demonstrated enhanced osteogenic differentiation and the expression of osteogenic markers including Collagen Type I, Osteopontin and Osteocalcin, in comparison to Mg-free counterparts. The results suggest that the addition of magnesium can further enhance the bioactivity and the potential for bone regeneration applications of Ca-silicate materials. STATEMENTS OF SIGNIFICANCE Here, we show that the incorporation of Mg in Ca-silicates plays a significant role in the enhancement of the osteogenic differentiation and matrix formation of MC3T3-E1 cells, cultured on polymer-derived highly porous scaffolds. Reduced degradation rates and improved mechanical properties are also observed, compared to Mg-free counterparts, suggesting the great potential of Ca-Mg silicates as bone tissue engineering materials. Excellent biocompatibility of the new materials, in accordance to the ISO10993-5 and ISO10993-12 standard guidelines, confirms the preceramic polymer route as an efficient synthesis methodology for bone scaffolds. The use of hydrated fillers as porogens is an additional novelty feature presented in the manuscript.
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Fiocco L, Li S, Bernardo E, Stevens MM, Jones JR. Highly porous polymer-derived wollastonite–hydroxycarbonate apatite ceramics for bone regeneration. Biomed Mater 2016; 11:025016. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/2/025016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
16
|
González-Terán B, Matesanz N, Nikolic I, Verdugo MA, Sreeramkumar V, Hernández-Cosido L, Mora A, Crainiciuc G, Sáiz ML, Bernardo E, Leiva-Vega L, Rodríguez E, Bondía V, Torres JL, Perez-Sieira S, Ortega L, Cuenda A, Sanchez-Madrid F, Nogueiras R, Hidalgo A, Marcos M, Sabio G. p38γ and p38δ reprogram liver metabolism by modulating neutrophil infiltration. EMBO J 2016; 35:536-52. [PMID: 26843485 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201591857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health problem and the main cause of liver disease in Western countries. Although NAFLD is strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. The disease begins with an excessive accumulation of triglycerides in the liver, which stimulates an inflammatory response. Alternative p38 mitogen-activated kinases (p38γ and p38δ) have been shown to contribute to inflammation in different diseases. Here we demonstrate that p38δ is elevated in livers of obese patients with NAFLD and that mice lacking p38γ/δ in myeloid cells are resistant to diet-induced fatty liver, hepatic triglyceride accumulation and glucose intolerance. This protective effect is due to defective migration of p38γ/δ-deficient neutrophils to the damaged liver. We further show that neutrophil infiltration in wild-type mice contributes to steatosis development by means of inflammation and liver metabolic changes. Therefore, p38γ and p38δ in myeloid cells provide a potential target for NAFLD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuria Matesanz
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivana Nikolic
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Angeles Verdugo
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vinatha Sreeramkumar
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hernández-Cosido
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alfonso Mora
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgiana Crainiciuc
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Laura Sáiz
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Edgar Bernardo
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Leiva-Vega
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rodríguez
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Bondía
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge L Torres
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sonia Perez-Sieira
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luis Ortega
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana Cuenda
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rubén Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
López-Moreno JA, Marcos M, Calleja-Conde J, Echeverry-Alzate V, Bühler KM, Costa-Alba P, Bernardo E, Laso FJ, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Nadal R, Viveros MP, Maldonado R, Giné E. Histone Deacetylase Gene Expression Following Binge Alcohol Consumption in Rats and Humans. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 39:1939-50. [PMID: 26365275 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol binge drinking is one of the most common patterns of excessive alcohol use and recent data would suggest that histone deacetylases (HDACs) gene expression profiling could be useful as a biomarker for psychiatric disorders. METHODS This study aimed to characterize the gene expression patterns of Hdac 1-11 in samples of rat peripheral blood, liver, heart, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala following repeated binge alcohol consumption and to determine the parallelism of Hdac gene expression between rats and humans in peripheral blood. To accomplish this goal, we examined Hdac gene expression following 1, 4, or 8 alcohol binges (3 g/kg, orally) in the rat, in patients who were admitted to the hospital emergency department for acute alcohol intoxication, and in rats trained in daily operant alcohol self-administration. RESULTS We primarily found that acute alcohol binging reduced gene expression (Hdac1-10) in the peripheral blood of alcohol-naïve rats and that this effect was attenuated following repeated alcohol binges. There was also a reduction of Hdac gene expression in the liver (Hdac2,4,5), whereas there was increased expression in the heart (Hdac1,7,8) and amygdala (Hdac1,2,5). Additionally, increased blood alcohol concentrations were measured in rat blood at 1 to 4 hours following repeated alcohol binging, and the only group that developed hepatic steotosis (fatty liver) were those animals exposed to 8 alcohol binge events. Finally, both binge consumption of alcohol in humans and daily operant alcohol self-administration in rats increased Hdac gene expression in peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that increases in HDAC gene expression within the peripheral blood are associated with chronic alcohol consumption, whereas HDAC gene expression is reduced following initial exposure to alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Calleja-Conde
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Echeverry-Alzate
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kora M Bühler
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Costa-Alba
- Emergency Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Edgar Bernardo
- Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Laso
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Roser Nadal
- Psychobiology Unit, School of Psychology, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Paz Viveros
- Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology II), School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Maldonado
- Laboratori de Neurofarmacologia, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Giné
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Echeverry-Alzate V, Marcos M, Calleja-Conde J, Bühler KM, Costa-Alba P, Bernardo E, Laso FJ, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Nadal R, Viveros MP, Maldonado R, Giné E, López-Moreno JA. P-34EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL BINGES ON HISTONE DEACETYLASES GENE EXPRESSION IN RATS AND HUMANS. Alcohol Alcohol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv080.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
19
|
Zocca A, Elsayed H, Bernardo E, Gomes CM, Lopez-Heredia MA, Knabe C, Colombo P, Günster J. 3D-printed silicate porous bioceramics using a non-sacrificial preceramic polymer binder. Biofabrication 2015; 7:025008. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/7/2/025008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
20
|
Fiocco L, Bernardo E, Colombo P, Cacciotti I, Bianco A, Bellucci D, Sola A, Cannillo V. Novel processing of bioglass ceramics from silicone resins containing micro- and nano-sized oxide particle fillers. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:2502-10. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Fiocco
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale; University of Padova; Via Marzolo, 9 35131 Padova Italy
| | - E. Bernardo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale; University of Padova; Via Marzolo, 9 35131 Padova Italy
| | - P. Colombo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale; University of Padova; Via Marzolo, 9 35131 Padova Italy
| | - I. Cacciotti
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale; INSTM UdR Roma Tor Vergata, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”; Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - A. Bianco
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale; INSTM UdR Roma Tor Vergata, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”; Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - D. Bellucci
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria “E. Ferrari”; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Via Vignolese 905 41125 Modena Italy
| | - A. Sola
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria “E. Ferrari”; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Via Vignolese 905 41125 Modena Italy
| | - V. Cannillo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria “E. Ferrari”; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Via Vignolese 905 41125 Modena Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Verdugo A, Matesanz N, González-Terán B, Bernardo E, Leiva L, Rodriguez E, Ligos JM, Rincón M, Martín MM, Hernández L, Torres JL, Rozo R, Cuenda A, Sabio G. Role of MAPKp38 in liver steatosis. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1330831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
22
|
Bernardo E, Matesanz N, Leiva LG, Sabio G. Role of p38MAPK in adipocyte. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1330795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
23
|
Mestrinho LA, Bernardo E, Niza MMRE, Lloret A, Buracco P. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery as treatment for oral maxillary squamous cell carcinoma in a dog. Aust Vet J 2012; 90:264-8. [PMID: 22731946 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A gingival maxillary squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in a 12-year-old male Yorkshire Terrier. After a complete diagnostic work-up, including a computed tomography scan, the tumour was staged as T3bN1aM0 and considered non-resectable at presentation. The combination of neoadjuvant megavoltage radiotherapy and neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and doxorubicin decreased the size of the tumour, allowing for surgery. The dog was free from local disease for 421 days after which it was euthanased at the owners' request.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L A Mestrinho
- Centro Investigação Ciências veterinárias (CICV) - Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - Univ. Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Av. Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bernardo E, Dal Maschio R. Glass-ceramics from vitrified sewage sludge pyrolysis residues and recycled glasses. Waste Manag 2011; 31:2245-2252. [PMID: 21802272 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis of urban plant sewage sludge has been demonstrated to be an effective way to produce fuel gas. However, a complete disposal of this particular waste is not achieved if the solid residues from the treatment are not considered. In this paper we discuss the feasibility an integrated pyrolysis/vitrification/sintering approach, aimed at a "full" disposal: the pyrolysis residues are first converted into a glass, then transformed into glass-ceramics, by simple viscous flow sintering treatments, with or without additions of inexpensive recycled glasses and kaolin clay. The obtained products were demonstrated to constitute an alternative to natural stones, in terms of both mechanical strength and chemical stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Bernardo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica-Settore Materiali, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Neveu WA, Bernardo E, Allard JL, Nagaleekar V, Wargo MJ, Davis RJ, Iwakura Y, Whittaker LA, Rincon M. Fungal allergen β-glucans trigger p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated IL-6 translation in lung epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 45:1133-41. [PMID: 21642586 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0054oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to immune cells, airway epithelial cells can contribute to and shape the immune response in the lung by secreting specific cytokines. IL-6 is a key factor in determining the effector fate of CD4(+) T cells. Here we show that under basal conditions, the IL-6 gene is already highly expressed in lung epithelial cells, but not in immune cells resident in the lung. However, upon exposure of the lungs to fungal allergens, the direct contact of β-glucans present in the fungus cell wall with lung epithelial cells is sufficient to trigger the rapid synthesis and secretion of IL-6 protein. This posttranscriptional regulation of IL-6 in response to fungal extracts is mediated by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. The inhalation of β-glucans with a nonallergenic antigen is sufficient to provide an adjuvant effect that leads to mucous hyperplasia in the airways. Thus, β-glucans may constitute a common determinant of the fungal and plant-derived allergens responsible for some of the pathological features in allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A Neveu
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The TCu380Ag and the Cu-7 intrauterine devices (IUDs) were evaluated in a randomized comparative clinical trial. A total of 198 women who had not recently been pregnant entered the trial in Manila, Philippines and were followed-up through 3 years postinsertion. The 36-month follow-up rates were impressively high at 80.3 for TCu 380A users and 76.7 for users of the Cu-7. Although the two IUDs demonstrated statistically similar termination rates, the findings suggest a higher efficacy for the TCu380Ag. Gross cumulative life-table pregnancy rates were 0.0 and 4.5 for the TCu380Ag and Cu-7, respectively, at 3 years. Overall 3-year continuation rates were 74.3 and 64.9 for users of the respective devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A Apelo
- Dr. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|