1
|
Karmezi M, Krigas N, Papatheodorou EM, Argyropoulou MD. The Invasion of Alien Populations of Solanum elaeagnifolium in Two Mediterranean Habitats Modifies the Soil Communities in Different Ways. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12112193. [PMID: 37299172 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to explore how the invasion of the alien plant Solanum elaeagnifolium affects soil microbial and nematode communities in Mediterranean pines (Pinus brutia) and maquis (Quercus coccifera). In each habitat, we studied soil communities from the undisturbed core of both formations and from their disturbed peripheral areas that were either invaded or not by S. elaeagnifolium. Most studied variables were affected by habitat type, while the effect of S. elaeagnifolium was different in each habitat. Compared to maquis, the soil in pines had higher silt content and lower sand content and higher water content and organic content, supporting a much larger microbial biomass (PLFA) and an abundance of microbivorous nematodes. The invasion of S. elaeagnifolium in pines had a negative effect on organic content and microbial biomass, which was reflected in most bacterivorous and fungivorous nematode genera. Herbivores were not affected. In contrast, in maquis, organic content and microbial biomass responded positively to invasion, raising the few genera of enrichment opportunists and the Enrichment Index. Most microbivores were not affected, while herbivores, mostly Paratylenchus, increased. The plants colonizing the peripheral areas in maquis probably offered a qualitative food source to microbes and root herbivores, which in pines was not sufficient to affect the much larger microbial biomass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karmezi
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikos Krigas
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efimia M Papatheodorou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria D Argyropoulou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bizos G, Papatheodorou EM, Chatzistathis T, Ntalli N, Aschonitis VG, Monokrousos N. The Role of Microbial Inoculants on Plant Protection, Growth Stimulation, and Crop Productivity of the Olive Tree ( Olea europea L.). Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9060743. [PMID: 32545638 PMCID: PMC7356289 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is an emblematic, long-living fruit tree species of profound economic and environmental importance. This study is a literature review of articles published during the last 10 years about the role of beneficial microbes [Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), Plant Growth Promoting Fungi (PGPF), and Endophytes] on olive tree plant growth and productivity, pathogen control, and alleviation from abiotic stress. The majority of the studies examined the AMF effect using mostly Rhizophagus irregularis and Glomus mosseae species. These AMF species stimulate the root growth improving the resistance of olive plants to environmental and transplantation stresses. Among the PGPR, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azospirillum sp. and potassium- and phosphorous-solubilizing Bacillus sp. species were studied extensively. These PGPR species were combined with proper cultural practices and improved considerably olive plant’s growth. The endophytic bacterial species Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus sp., as well as the fungal species Trichoderma sp. were identified as the most effective biocontrol agents against olive tree diseases (e.g., Verticillium wilt, root rot, and anthracnose).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Bizos
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecology, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Efimia M. Papatheodorou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (E.M.P.); (N.M.)
| | - Theocharis Chatzistathis
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (T.C.); (V.G.A.)
| | - Nikoletta Ntalli
- Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 S. Delta Str., 14561 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vassilis G. Aschonitis
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (T.C.); (V.G.A.)
| | - Nikolaos Monokrousos
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecology, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Correspondence: (E.M.P.); (N.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Stamou GP, Monokrousos N, Gwynn-Jones D, Whitworth DE, Papatheodorou EM. A Polyphasic Approach for Assessing Eco-System Connectivity Demonstrates that Perturbation Remodels Network Architecture in Soil Microcosms. Microb Ecol 2019; 78:949-960. [PMID: 30953090 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Network analysis was used to show changes in network attributes by analyzing the relations among the main soil microbial groups in a potted tomato soil inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, treated with low doses of Mentha spicata essential oil, or both, and then exposed to tenfold higher oil addition (stress pulse). Pretreatments were chosen since they can induce changes in the composition of the microbial community. Cellular phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and the activity of six soil enzymes, mainly involved in the N-cycle were measured. Networks were constructed based on correlated changes in PLFA abundances. The values of all parameters were significantly different from those of random networks indicating modular architecture. Networks ranked from the lowest to highest modularity: control, non-pretreated and stressed, inoculated and stressed, oil treated and stressed, inoculated and treated with oil and stressed. The high values of network density and 1st/2nd eigenvalue ratio are related to arylamidase activity while N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, acid phosphomoesterase, and asparaginase activities related to high values of the clustering coefficient index. We concluded that modularity may be an efficient indicator of changes in the network of interactions among the members of the soil microbial community and the modular structure of the network may be related to the activity of specific enzymes. Communities that were stressed without a pretreatment were relatively resistant but prone to sudden transition towards instability, while oil or inoculation pretreatments gave networks which could be considered adaptable and susceptible to gradual change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G P Stamou
- International Hellenic University, 14th km Thessaloniki-N. Moudania, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N Monokrousos
- Department of Soil Science of Athens, Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, 14123, Athens, Greece
| | - D Gwynn-Jones
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, UK
| | - D E Whitworth
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, UK
| | - E M Papatheodorou
- International Hellenic University, 14th km Thessaloniki-N. Moudania, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Konstantinou S, Monokrousos N, Kapagianni P, Menkissoglu‐Spiroudi U, Gwynn‐Jones D, Stamou GP, Papatheodorou EM. Instantaneous responses of microbial communities to stress in soils pretreated with
Mentha spicata
essential oil and/or inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. Ecol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sotiris Konstantinou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Nikos Monokrousos
- Department of Soil Science of Athens, Institute of Soil and Water Resources Hellenic Agricultural Organization‐DEMETER Athens Greece
| | - Pantelitsa Kapagianni
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Urania Menkissoglu‐Spiroudi
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Dylan Gwynn‐Jones
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Ceredigion UK
| | | | - Efimia M. Papatheodorou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
- International Hellenic University Thessaloniki Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kapagianni PD, Papadopoulos D, Menkissoglu‐Spiroudi U, Stamou GP, Papatheodorou EM. Soil functionality produced by soil mixing: The role of inoculum and substrate. Ecol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Urania Menkissoglu‐Spiroudi
- Pesticide Science Laboratory School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
| | - George P. Stamou
- School of Economics, Business Administration and Legal Studies International Hellenic University Thermi Greece
| | - Efimia M. Papatheodorou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology Aristotle University Thessaloniki Greece
- School of Economics, Business Administration and Legal Studies International Hellenic University Thermi Greece
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stamou GP, Konstadinou S, Monokrousos N, Mastrogianni A, Orfanoudakis M, Hassiotis C, Menkissoglu-Spiroudi U, Vokou D, Papatheodorou EM. The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and essential oil on soil microbial community and N-related enzymes during the fungal early colonization phase. AIMS Microbiol 2017; 3:938-959. [PMID: 31294199 PMCID: PMC6604959 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2017.4.938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the essential oils are both agents of sustainable agriculture, and their independent effects on the community of free-living soil microbes have been explored. In a tomato pot experiment, conducted in a sandy loam mixture, we examined the independent and joint effects of inoculation with the fungus Rhizophagous irregularis and the addition of Mentha spicata essential oil on the structure of the soil microbial community and the activity of soil enzymes involved in the N-cycle, during the pre-symbiosis phase. Plants were grown for 60 days and were inoculated with R. irregularis. Then pots were treated with essential oil (OIL) weekly for a period of a month. Two experimental series were run. The first targeted to examine the effect of inoculation on the microbial community structure by the phospholipid fatty acids analysis (PLFAs), and enzyme activity, and the second to examine the effects of inoculation and essential oil addition on the same variables, under the hypothesis that the joint effect of the two agents would be synergistic, resulting in higher microbial biomass compared to values recorded in singly treated pots. In the AMF pots, N-degrading enzyme activity was dominated by the activity of urease while in the non-inoculated ones by the activities of arylamidase and glutaminase. Higher microbial biomass was found in singly-treated pots (137 and 174% higher in AMF and OIL pots, respectively) compared with pots subjected to both treatments. In these latter pots, higher activity of asparaginase (202 and 162% higher compared to AMF and OIL pots, respectively) and glutaminase (288 and 233% higher compared to AMF and OIL pots, respectively) was found compared to singly-treated ones. Soil microbial biomasses and enzyme activity were negatively associated across all treatments. Moreover, different community composition was detected in pots only inoculated and pots treated only with oil. We concluded that the two treatments produced diverging than synergistic effects on the microbial community composition whereas their joint effect on the activity of asparaginase and glutaminase were synergistic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George P Stamou
- School of Economics, Business Administration and Legal Studies, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Monokrousos
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, AUTH, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Soil Science of Athens, Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 14123 Lykovrisi, Greece
| | - Anna Mastrogianni
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, AUTH, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michalis Orfanoudakis
- Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200 Orestiada, Greece
| | - Christos Hassiotis
- Department of Natural Environment and Forestry, Technical University of Larissa, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | | | - Despoina Vokou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, AUTH, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efimia M Papatheodorou
- School of Economics, Business Administration and Legal Studies, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Ecology, School of Biology, AUTH, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Papatheodorou EM, Margariti C, Vokou D. Effects of the two carvone enantiomers on soil enzymes involved in the C, P, and N cycles. J Biol Res (Thessalon) 2015; 21:7. [PMID: 25984490 PMCID: PMC4389412 DOI: 10.1186/2241-5793-21-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Essential oils exert stimulatory or inhibitory effects on the size and activity of the soil microbial communities. Given that microbial biomass is the main source of soil enzymes, in this study, we examined how R-(-)- and S-(+)-carvone affect the activity of dehydrogenase, urease, and alkaline phospho-monoesterase, and the overall microbial activity, as expressed by soil respiration. Enzymatic and microbial activities were recorded every week, for a period of four weeks, during which the two carvone enantiomers were added twice, with a two-week interval, into soil samples. For all dependent variables, we analysed the deviations of the experimental from control values. Results Treatment per se had a significant effect only on urease. Its activity was inhibited in the S-carvone samples, while it was enhanced or inhibited, depending on the time of incubation, in the R-carvone ones. The activity of alkaline phospho-monoesterase was not affected by S-carvone, but it increased with R-carvone. Soil respiration markedly increased in presence of the two carvones with highest values being recorded in the R-carvone samples. None of the temporal patterns of the three enzymes’ activity followed the pattern of soil respiration. Conclusions The significant treatment by time interactions for the activities of all three enzymes indicates that responses are not consistent over time; this suggests differently functioning or structured microbial communities. Given their differing effects on soil enzymes, these compounds and the aromatic plants bearing them could find use in sustainable agriculture for the control of soil enzymes and, hence, the soil processes that they are associated with.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efimia M Papatheodorou
- Department of Ecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, UP Box 119 54124, Greece
| | - Chysanthi Margariti
- Department of Ecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, UP Box 119 54124, Greece
| | - Despoina Vokou
- Department of Ecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, UP Box 119 54124, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vlachodimos K, Papatheodorou EM, Diamantopoulos J, Monokrousos N. Assessment of Robinia pseudoacacia cultivations as a restoration strategy for reclaimed mine spoil heaps. Environ Monit Assess 2013; 185:6921-6932. [PMID: 23322505 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Reforestation with black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) is considered a successful technique that is often used for the reclamation of open-cast mine areas. An alternative reclamation technique could be the natural regeneration of vegetation with spontaneous grass species. In this study, we compared the concentrations of chemical and biochemical variables in soil samples taken under black locust canopy to those from sites covered by spontaneous grass vegetation (control samples) in a time sequence of spoil deposition (0-10 years), in order to assess which of the two reclamation techniques yields higher soil quality. Soil quality refers here to the ability of soils to function ecologically. This has a special interest since the main question for the restored soils is their capacity to perform a range of ecological functions under stress or disturbance. Furthermore, we aimed at identifying the effect of vegetation type on soil ecological succession. The effect of vegetation type on primary succession becomes apparent after 2 years of reclamation. R. pseudoacacia as a nitrogen-fixing plant enriched soil with organic and inorganic nitrogen and organic matter to a greater extent than the natural grasses. It also increased the amount of soil microbial biomass and the activity of alkaline phosphatase. However, the fact that black locust failed to enhance dehydrogenase activity and actually decreased the activity of urease, activities that represent specialized niche functions and therefore, are more vulnerable to stress or disturbance, suggests that the development of an indigenous grass community in combination with organic supplements might often be more appropriate for the reclamation of similar kinds of mine areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Vlachodimos
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, U.P. Box 119, 54124, Greece
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yadav RKP, Papatheodorou EM, Karamanoli K, Constantinidou HIA, Vokou D. Abundance and diversity of the phyllosphere bacterial communities of Mediterranean perennial plants that differ in leaf chemistry. CHEMOECOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-008-0408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
10
|
Papatheodorou EM, Pantis JD, Stamou GP. The effect of grazing on phenology and biomass allocation in Quercus coccifera (L.). Acta Oecologica 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1146-609x(98)80038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|