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Ramírez-Rico G, Martinez-Castillo M, Ruiz-Mazón L, Meneses-Romero EP, Palacios JAF, Díaz-Aparicio E, Abascal EN, de la Garza M. Identification, Biochemical Characterization, and In Vivo Detection of a Zn-Metalloprotease with Collagenase Activity from Mannheimia haemolytica A2. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1289. [PMID: 38279292 PMCID: PMC10816954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases in ruminants are a main cause of economic losses to farmers worldwide. Approximately 25% of ruminants experience at least one episode of respiratory disease during the first year of life. Mannheimia haemolytica is the main etiological bacterial agent in the ruminant respiratory disease complex. M. haemolytica can secrete several virulence factors, such as leukotoxin, lipopolysaccharide, and proteases, that can be targeted to treat infections. At present, little information has been reported on the secretion of M. haemolytica A2 proteases and their host protein targets. Here, we obtained evidence that M. haemolytica A2 proteases promote the degradation of hemoglobin, holo-lactoferrin, albumin, and fibrinogen. Additionally, we performed biochemical characterization for a specific 110 kDa Zn-dependent metalloprotease (110-Mh metalloprotease). This metalloprotease was purified through ion exchange chromatography and characterized using denaturing and chaotropic agents and through zymography assays. Furthermore, mass spectrometry identification and 3D modeling were performed. Then, antibodies against the 110 kDa-Mh metalloprotease were produced, which achieved great inhibition of proteolytic activity. Finally, the antibodies were used to perform immunohistochemical tests on postmortem lung samples from sheep with suggestive histology data of pneumonic mannheimiosis. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that the 110-Mh metalloprotease participates as a virulence mechanism that promotes damage to host tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Ramírez-Rico
- Faculty of Professional Studies Cuautitlan, Autonomous National University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 54714, Mexico;
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Moises Martinez-Castillo
- Liver, Pancreas and Motility Laboratory, Unit of Research in Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous National University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 06726, Mexico;
| | - Lucero Ruiz-Mazón
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | | | | | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- National Center for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Safety, National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research (INIFAP), Mexico City 05110, Mexico
| | - Erasmo Negrete Abascal
- Faculty of Professional Studies Iztacala, Autonomous National University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 54090, Mexico;
| | - Mireya de la Garza
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
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Hernández-Giottonini K, Arellano-Reynoso B, Rodríguez-Córdova RJ, de la Vega-Olivas J, Díaz-Aparicio E, Lucero-Acuña A. Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy against Brucella canis Infection in a Murine Model Using Rifampicin-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles. ACS Omega 2023; 8:49362-49371. [PMID: 38162745 PMCID: PMC10753543 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The in vivo efficacy of rifampicin encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles was evaluated for the treatment of BALB/c mice experimentally infected with Brucella canis. The PLGA nanoparticles loaded with rifampicin (RNP) were prepared using the single emulsification-solvent evaporation technique, resulting in nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter of 138 ± 6 nm. The zeta potential and polydispersity index values indicated that the system was relatively stable with a narrow size distribution. The release of rifampicin from the nanoparticles was studied in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 37 °C. The release profile showed an initial burst phase, followed by a slower release stage attributed to nanoparticle degradation and relaxation, which continued for approximately 30 days until complete drug release. A combined model of rifampicin release, accounting for both the initial burst and the degradation-relaxation of the nanoparticles, effectively described the experimental data. The efficacy of RNP was studied in vivo; infected mice were treated with free rifampicin at concentrations of 2 mg per kilogram of mice per day (C1) and 4 mg per kilogram of mice per day (C2), as well as equivalent doses of RNP. Administration of four doses of the nanoparticles significantly reduced the B. canis load in the spleen of infected BALB/c mice. RNP demonstrated superior effectiveness compared to the free drug in the spleen, achieving reductions of 85.4 and 49.4%, respectively, when using C1 and 93.3 and 61.8%, respectively, when using C2. These results highlight the improved efficacy of the antibiotic when delivered through nanoparticles in experimentally infected mice. Therefore, the RNP holds promise as a potential alternative for the treatment of B. canis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol
Yesenia Hernández-Giottonini
- Posgrado
en Nanotecnología, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
- Departamento
de Ingeniería Química y Metalurgia, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Arellano-Reynoso
- Facultad
de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México, Circuito Exterior Ciudad
Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Rosalva Josefina Rodríguez-Córdova
- Posgrado
en Nanotecnología, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
- Departamento
de Ingeniería Química y Metalurgia, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | | | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- CENID
Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional
de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carretera Federal México-Toluca
Km. 15.5, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05110, Mexico
| | - Armando Lucero-Acuña
- Posgrado
en Nanotecnología, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
- Departamento
de Ingeniería Química y Metalurgia, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
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Benítez-Serrano JC, Hernández-Castro R, Martínez-Pérez L, Palomares-Resendiz G, Díaz-Aparicio E, Suárez-Güemes F, Arellano-Reynoso B. Effect of the Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JLM Strain Against Brucella abortus Strains in Ripened Cheese. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2023; 20:169-176. [PMID: 37172300 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2022.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the antagonistic effect of the Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JLM strain isolated from aguamiel, against Brucella abortus RB51, S19, and 2308 strains, during the manufacture of soft-ripened cheese. First, the tolerance of Lc. paracasei JLM was tested with pH values and bile salt concentrations for 3 h to simulate digestive tract conditions. The antagonistic effect against B. abortus strains was evaluated through double-layer diffusion and agar well diffusion assays. In addition, the stability of the cell-free supernatant (CFS) was tested with the agar well diffusion method under different conditions of temperature, pH, and treatment with digestive enzymes. Finally, the antagonistic effect against B. abortus strains was observed during the manufacture of ripened cheese for 31 days at 4°C and 25°C using the Lc. paracasei JLM strain as starter culture. The results showed that the Lc. paracasei JLM strain remains viable after exposure to different pH values (from 3.00 to 7.00) and concentrations of bile salts (from 0.5% to 7%). Moreover, the results demonstrate that the growth of the three B. abortus strains was inhibited in both antagonism tests and that CFS maintained 86% activity after heat treatment at 100°C, 121°C, or enzymatic digestion (proteinase K, trypsin, chymotrypsin), but it was inactivated at pH levels above 6. Finally, Lc. paracasei JLM completely inhibited the growth of B. abortus in ripened cheese at 25°C from day 17 and showed greater inhibition on the B. abortus RB51 strain in the ripened cheese at 4°C, showing statistical differences for the B. abortus S19 and B. abortus 2308 strains. The current research concluded that the Lc. paracasei JLM strain has an antagonistic effect on B. abortus, enhancing the potential of its use in the future as a probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Benítez-Serrano
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rigoberto Hernández-Castro
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González," Ciudad de México, México
| | - Laura Martínez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Gabriela Palomares-Resendiz
- CENID Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- CENID Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Suárez-Güemes
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Beatriz Arellano-Reynoso
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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Nájera-Rivera HD, Rodríguez-Cortez AD, Anaya-Santillán MG, Díaz-Aparicio E, Ramos-Rodríguez AV, Siliceo-Cantero IJ, Vázquez-Franco NC, Nieto-Patlán E, Peñas ADL, Valdés-Vázquez LM, Cobos-Marín L. Multiplex assay for the simultaneous detection of antibodies against small ruminant lentivirus, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and Brucella melitensis in goats. Vet World 2023; 16:704-710. [PMID: 37235146 PMCID: PMC10206977 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.704-710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Brucellosis, paratuberculosis (PTb), and infections caused by small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV), formerly known as caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV), adversely affect goat production systems. Nonetheless, commonly used diagnostic tests can only determine one analyte at a time, increasing disease surveillance costs, and limiting their routine use. This study aimed to design and validate a multiplex assay for antibody detection against these three diseases simultaneously. Materials and Methods Two recombinant proteins from the SRLV (p16 and gp38), the native hapten of Brucella melitensis, and the paratuberculosis-protoplasmic antigen 3 from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) were used to devise and assess a multiplex assay. Conditions for the Luminex® multiplex test were established and validated by sensitivity, specificity, repeatability, and reproducibility parameters. Cut-off points for each antigen were also established. Results The 3-plex assay had high sensitivity (84%) and specificity (95%). The maximum coefficients of variation were 23.8% and 20.5% for negative and positive control samples, respectively. The p16 and gp38 SRLV antigens are 97% and 95%, similar to the CAEV sequence found in GenBank, respectively. Conclusion The multiplex test can be effectively used for the simultaneous detection of antibodies against SRLV, MAP and B. melitensis in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erik Nieto-Patlán
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Veterinary School, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Laura Cobos-Marín
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Veterinary School, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
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5
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Martínez-Serrano MG, Díaz-Aparicio E, Palomares-Reséndiz G, Tórtora-Pérez JL, Ramírez-Álvarez H, Ortega-Hernández N, Salinas-Lorente J, Morales-Alvarez JF, Cervantes-Morali JJC. Presence of Chlamydia abortus in colostrum, milk and vaginal discharge samples of sheep. REV COLOMB CIENC PEC 2022. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v35n2a04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The main transmission route of Chlamydia abortus is by ingesting the microorganism that has been eliminated in vaginal secretions, placental membranes or abortions that contaminate the environment and, possibly, through milk and colostrum. Elimination through vaginal secretions is well documented. However, there are no reports about isolation and identification of C. abortus in the colostrum or milk of infected sheep, so it is important to determine whether or not C. abortus may be present in these secretions, which are the only food of lambs. Objective: To detect C. abortus in colostrum, milk, and vaginal secretions of sheep with a history of reproductive disorders. Methods: Colostrum, milk, and vaginal exudates were collected from 66 sheep. The samples were inoculated in mouse fibroblast cell cultures and the presence of C. abortus determined by direct immunofluorescence. Results: 19 out of 66 colostrum samples (28.7%), 14 out of 66 milk samples (21.2%) and 17 out of 66 vaginal swabs (25.7%) were positive for C. abortus. The 50 samples positive for isolation and detected by immunofluorescence, together with 42 negative samples were subjected to qPCR to amplify a fragment of the ompA gene from C. abortus. Thirty-eight of the 92 samples processed by this technique were positive for C. abortus. Conclusion: The results demonstrated the presence of C. abortus in a high proportion in colostrum, milk and vaginal secretions of infected sheep. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first field study confirming the presence of C. abortus in colostrum, which shows that excretion of Chlamydia by lactogenesis could occur in the first hours after birth.
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Benítez-Serrano JC, Palomares-Resendiz G, Díaz-Aparicio E, Hernández-Castro R, Martínez-Pérez L, Suárez-Güemes F, Arellano-Reynoso B. Survival of Brucella abortus RB51 and S19 Vaccine Strains in Fresh and Ripened Cheeses. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2022; 19:535-542. [PMID: 35675662 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2022.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection caused by the consumption of contaminated raw milk and dairy products. This study aims to compare survival rates of Brucella abortus RB51 and S19 vaccine strains to that of virulent B. abortus 2308 strain during the manufacture of fresh and ripened cheeses. To do this, we inoculated fresh pasteurized milk with B. abortus RB51, S19, or 2308 at a 6 × 108 colony-forming unit per milliliter concentration during the cheese making process. Cheese was manufactured at room temperature, then, fresh cheeses were conserved at either 4°C or 25°C for 7 days, while ripened cheeses were conserved for 31 days at the same temperatures. We measured B. abortus survival and pH values during different stages of the process. Our results confirm that all three strains can maintain viable cells in both types of cheeses throughout the process. Survival of B. abortus RB51 was 10 times lower than was the survival of the B. abortus S19 and B. abortus 2308 strains in both fresh and ripened cheeses. Our results also suggest that both temperature and pH can condition Brucella survival. In conclusion, B. abortus RB51 and S19 vaccine strains can survive throughout the manufacture and conservation processes of both fresh and ripened cheeses. In turn, this implies a potential health risk if cheeses contaminated with these strains were to be consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Benítez-Serrano
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gabriela Palomares-Resendiz
- CENID Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- CENID Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rigoberto Hernández-Castro
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Ciudad de México, México
| | - Laura Martínez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Francisco Suárez-Güemes
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Beatriz Arellano-Reynoso
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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Limón-González MM, Hernández-Castro R, Martínez-Hernández F, Xicohtencatl-Cortes J, Ramírez-Alvarez H, Palomares-Resendiz EG, Díaz-Aparicio E. Genetic diversity of Chlamydia pecorum detected in sheep flocks from Mexico. Braz J Microbiol 2022. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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8
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Limón-González MM, Hernández-Castro R, Martínez-Hernández F, Xicohtencatl-Cortes J, Ramírez-Alvarez H, Palomares-Resendiz EG, Díaz-Aparicio E. Genetic diversity of Chlamydia pecorum detected in sheep flocks from Mexico. Braz J Microbiol 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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9
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Limón-González MM, Hernández-Castro R, Martínez-Hernández F, Xicohtencatl-Cortes J, Ramírez-Alvarez H, Palomares-Resendiz EG, Díaz-Aparicio E. Genetic diversity of Chlamydia pecorum detected in sheep flocks from Mexico. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:605-613. [PMID: 35119684 PMCID: PMC9151965 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia pecorum, an obligate intracellular bacterium, is associated with reproductive and systemic diseases in sheep, goats, pigs, cattle, and koalas. The main conditions include polyarthritis, conjunctivitis, enteritis, pneumonia, encephalomyelitis, orchitis, placentitis, and abortion. Even though there are several studies showing that C. pecorum infections are widely spread in the world, in Mexico there are no reports. During 2016, as part of a sheep restocking program in Mexico, sheep were imported from New Zealand. Briefly after their arrival in the herds in the State of Mexico, these sheep presented abortions during the last third of gestation. A total of 62 sheep vaginal swabs that had presented abortion from different municipalities of the State of Mexico were collected. Bacterial isolation was performed using L929 mouse fibroblasts, and molecular identification was achieved by 23S rRNA (Chlamydiaceae family) and ompA gene (species-specific) real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, the 16S rRNA subunit and ompA gene were amplified and sequenced. Seven of 62 samples were positive for C. pecorum by bacterial isolation, 23S rRNA, and ompA gene real-time PCR. The 16S rRNA subunit and ompA gene amplicons were purified and the nucleotide sequence was determined in both directions. The consensus sequences homology search was performed using BLASTn analysis and showed a 100% of homology with the C. pecorum 16S rRNA subunit and 99% with the C. pecorum ompA gene. The population structure analyses using ompA gene demonstrated 15 genetic populations or clusters of 198 sequences from GenBank and our sequences were in a particular genetic structure corresponding to genotype "O." Herein, we describe the presence of C. pecorum in sheep imported from New Zealand into Mexico. Genetic analysis of the ompA gene showed that the isolates belong to genotype O and are related to strains isolated from sheep, cattle, and koalas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Limón-González
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - R Hernández-Castro
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Tlalpan, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - F Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Tlalpan, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - J Xicohtencatl-Cortes
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Intestinal, Hospital Infantil de México "Dr. Federico Gómez", Cuauhtémoc, 06720, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - H Ramírez-Alvarez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - E G Palomares-Resendiz
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad (CENID-SAI), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones ForestalesAgrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuajimalpa, 05110, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - E Díaz-Aparicio
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad (CENID-SAI), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones ForestalesAgrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuajimalpa, 05110, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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10
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Martínez-Serrano MG, Palomares-Reséndiz G, Tórtora-Pérez JL, Ramírez-Álvarez H, Ortega-Hernández N, Salinas-Lorente J, Morales-Alvarez JF, Cervantes-Morali JJC, Díaz-Aparicio E. Presence of Chlamydia abortus in colostrum, milk and vaginal discharge samples of sheep. REV COLOMB CIENC PEC 2021. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v35n2a04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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11
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Martínez-Serrano MG, Palomares-Reséndiz G, Tórtora-Pérez JL, Ramírez-Álvarez H, Ortega-Hernández N, Salinas-Lorente J, Morales-Alvarez JF, Cervantes-Morali JJC, Díaz-Aparicio E. Presence of Chlamydia abortus in colostrum, milk and vaginal discharge samples of sheep. REV COLOMB CIENC PEC 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v35n2a04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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12
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Gaytán-Camarillo F, Rico-Chávez O, Palomares-Resendiz EG, Gutiérrez-Hernández JL, Díaz-Aparicio E, Herrera-López E. Spatial autocorrelation and co-occurrence of six serovarieties of Leptospira in goat herds of the State of Guanajuato, Mexico. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:953-960. [PMID: 33483895 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00429-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemiological behavior of six Leptospira serovarieties was analyzed by spatial autocorrelation and co-occurrence of leptospirosis, diagnosed in goat herds located in the State of Guanajuato, Mexico. A total of 1650 goat serum samples were analyzed by microscopic agglutination (MAT). True prevalence (Pv) and 95% confidence interval (CI95) were determined. Spatial autocorrelation was calculated using the spdep package, applying the global Moran's I and local Moran's I of Leptospira in Guanajuato. The probabilistic model of co-occurrence was applied using the co-occur package. Seroprevalence in the State was found to be 45.5% (CI95 42.96; 48.06%). The highest registered frequency was for the Icterohemorrhagiae serovar (Pv 34.16%; CI95 31.74, 36.65%), followed by the serovar Hardjo-prajitno (Pv: 6.77%; CI95 5.33, 8.40%). Other serovarieties showed a Pv < 5%. Global spatial autocorrelation, only for the Icterohemorrhagiae serovar, was I > 1, while local Moran's I revealed that five of the six Leptospira serovarieties were spatially correlated. The probabilistic model of co-occurrence detected negative associations between Icterohemorrhagiae and the other serovarieties. The current study demonstrates the presence of Leptospira in goat herds of the State of Guanajuato. The diagnosed serovarieties show an aggregation pattern associated to risk zones and disease-transmitting vectors. Antibody co-occurrence analysis revealed dominance of the Icterohemorrhagiae serovar. A multidisciplinary approach including spatial epidemiology, ecological analyses, and serological vigilance will generate useful information for the prevention and control of leptospirosis in caprine production units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Gaytán-Camarillo
- Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Oscar Rico-Chávez
- Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Gabriela Palomares-Resendiz
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuajimalpa, 05110, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - José Luis Gutiérrez-Hernández
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuajimalpa, 05110, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuajimalpa, 05110, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Herrera-López
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuajimalpa, 05110, Mexico City, Mexico
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Ruiz-Romero RA, Martínez-Gómez D, Cervantes-Olivares RA, Díaz-Aparicio E, Ducoing-Watty AE. Evaluation of pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukins in the mammary gland of goats experimentally infected with Staphylococcus chromogenes. Pol J Vet Sci 2021; 23:511-519. [PMID: 33480493 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.134700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the relative gene expression levels of the cytokines IL- 1B, IL-8, IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β in somatic milk cells of French Alpine breed, anestrous goats that were experimentally infected in the left mammary gland with Staphylococcus chromogenes during the lactation peak. Milk samples were obtained from both glands for 21 consecutive days post infection. Total RNA was extracted, and real-time PCR was conducted using primers specific to each cytokine. The relative RNA expression of the evaluated cytokines was determined by the comparative method 2-ΔΔCT, using milk from the right gland of the goats as a reference (control) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as an endogenous control. According to the Wilcoxon test results, IL-1B and IL-12 expression levels showed significant differences compared to those in the control group (p⟨0.05) from 24 hours post infection until the end of lactation; on day three, IL1β, IL8, IL12 and TGF-β had a statistically significant change in expression with respect to those in the control group (p⟨0.05); closer to the end of the lactation period, there is no overexpression of the anti-inflammatory interleukins (IL-4 and TGF-β) which may reflect the effort of the host immune system to eradicate the microorganism from the mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Ruiz-Romero
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Rumiantes, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Avenida Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - D Martínez-Gómez
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Laboratorio de Microbiología Agropecuaria, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco Calzada del Hueso 1100, Coapa, Villa Quietud, C.P. 04060, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - R A Cervantes-Olivares
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Avenida Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - E Díaz-Aparicio
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria- Microbiología Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Km 15.5, Carretera México-Toluca, Palo Alto, C.P. 05110, Alcaldía Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México, México
| | - A E Ducoing-Watty
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Rumiantes, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Avenida Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
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Avalos-Gómez C, Reyes-López M, Ramírez-Rico G, Díaz-Aparicio E, Zenteno E, González-Ruiz C, de la Garza M. Effect of apo-lactoferrin on leukotoxin and outer membrane vesicles of Mannheimia haemolytica A2. Vet Res 2020; 51:36. [PMID: 32138772 PMCID: PMC7059318 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannheimia haemolytica serotype A2 is the principal cause of pneumonic mannheimiosis in ovine and caprine livestock; this disease is a consequence of immune suppression caused by stress and associated viruses and is responsible for significant economic losses in farm production worldwide. Gram-negative bacteria such as M. haemolytica produce outer membrane (OM)-derived spherical structures named outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that contain leukotoxin and other biologically active virulence factors. In the present study, the relationship between M. haemolytica A2 and bovine lactoferrin (BLf) was studied. BLf is an 80 kDa glycoprotein that possesses bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties and is part of the mammalian innate immune system. Apo-BLf (iron-free) showed a bactericidal effect against M. haemolytica A2, with an observed minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 16 µM. Sublethal doses (2–8 µM) of apo-BLf increased the release of OMVs, which were quantified by flow cytometry. Apo-BLf modified the normal structure of the OM and OMVs, as observed through transmission electron microscopy. Apo-BLf also induced lipopolysaccharide (LPS) release from bacteria, disrupting OM permeability and functionality, as measured by silver staining and SDS and polymyxin B cell permeability assays. Western blot results showed that apo-BLf increased the secretion of leukotoxin in M. haemolytica A2 culture supernatants, possibly through its iron-chelating activity. In contrast, holo-BLf (with iron) did not have this effect, possibly due to differences in the tertiary structure between these proteins. In summary, apo-BLf affected the levels of several M. haemolytica virulence factors and could be evaluated for use in animals as an adjuvant in the treatment of ovine mannheimiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Avalos-Gómez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Coyoacán, CdMx, Mexico.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Zacatenco, 07360, CdMx, Mexico
| | - Magda Reyes-López
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Zacatenco, 07360, CdMx, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Ramírez-Rico
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud animal e inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), 05110, Cuajimalpa, CdMx, Mexico
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Coyoacán, CdMx, Mexico
| | - Cynthia González-Ruiz
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Mireya de la Garza
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Zacatenco, 07360, CdMx, Mexico.
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Morales-Pablos MI, Mejía-Sánchez P, Díaz-Aparicio E, Palomares-Resendiz EG, Gutiérrez-Hernández JL, Reyna-Granados JR, Luna-Nevárez P, Munguía-Xóchihua JA, Segura-Correa JC, Leyva-Corona JC. Risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of paratuberculosis in sheep flocks in the hot-arid region of Sonora, México. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 52:1357-1363. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-02139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ruiz-Romero RA, Cervantes-Olivares RA, Ducoing-Watty AE, Martínez-Gómez D, Díaz-Aparicio E, Méndez-Olvera ET. Genetic Analysis Method for Staphylococcus chromogenes Associated with Goat Mastitis. Pol J Microbiol 2019; 67:171-180. [PMID: 30015455 PMCID: PMC7256767 DOI: 10.21307/pjm-2018-019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis in goats is mainly caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS). The identification methods for this group are based on evaluating the expression of phenotypic characteristics such as the ability to metabolize various substrates; however, this is disadvantageous as these methods are dependent on gene expression. In recent years, genotyping methods such as the Multiple Locus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA) and gene identification have been useful for epidemiological study of several bacterial species. To develop a genotyping method, the genome sequence of Staphylococcus chromogenes MU970 was analysed. The analysis showed nine virulence genes described in Staphylococcus aureus. The MLVA was developed using four loci identified in the genome of S. chromogenes MU970. This genotyping method was examined in 23 strains of CNS isolated from goat mastitis. The rate of discrimination for MLVA was 0.8893, and the highest rates of discrimination per the index of Simpson and Hunter-Gaston were 0.926 and 0.968 for the locus 346_06, respectively. The virulence genes were present in all strains of S. chromogenes but not in other CNS. The genotyping method presented in this paper is a viable and easy method for typifying CNS isolates from mastitis cases in different regions and is an ideal mean of tracking this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío A Ruiz-Romero
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Rumiantes, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,México
| | - Roberto A Cervantes-Olivares
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,México
| | - Andrés E Ducoing-Watty
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Rumiantes, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,México
| | - Daniel Martínez-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Agropecuaria, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana,México
| | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria-Microbiología Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias,México
| | - Estela T Méndez-Olvera
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana,México
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Parise D, Parise MTD, Viana MVC, Muñoz-Bucio AV, Cortés-Pérez YA, Arellano-Reynoso B, Díaz-Aparicio E, Dorella FA, Pereira FL, Carvalho AF, Figueiredo HCP, Ghosh P, Barh D, Gomide ACP, Azevedo VAC. First genome sequencing and comparative analyses of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis strains from Mexico. Stand Genomic Sci 2018; 13:21. [PMID: 30338024 PMCID: PMC6180578 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-018-0325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a pathogenic bacterium which has been rapidly spreading all over the world, causing economic losses in the agricultural sector and sporadically infecting humans. Six C. pseudotuberculosis strains were isolated from goats, sheep, and horses with distinct abscess locations. For the first time, Mexican genomes of this bacterium were sequenced and studied in silico. All strains were sequenced using Ion Personal Genome Machine sequencer, assembled using Newbler and SPAdes software. The automatic genome annotation was done using the software RAST and in-house scripts for transference, followed by manual curation using Artemis software and BLAST against NCBI and UniProt databases. The six genomes are publicly available in NCBI database. The analysis of nucleotide sequence similarity and the generated phylogenetic tree led to the observation that the Mexican strains are more similar between strains from the same host, but the genetic structure is probably more influenced by transportation of animals between farms than host preference. Also, a putative drug target was predicted and in silico analysis of 46 strains showed two gene clusters capable of differentiating the biovars equi and ovis: Restriction Modification system and CRISPR-Cas cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doglas Parise
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biologic Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Mariana T D Parise
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biologic Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Marcus V C Viana
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biologic Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Adrian V Muñoz-Bucio
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yazmin A Cortés-Pérez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Arellano-Reynoso
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernanda A Dorella
- Aquacen - National Reference Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Felipe L Pereira
- Aquacen - National Reference Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Alex F Carvalho
- Aquacen - National Reference Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Henrique C P Figueiredo
- Aquacen - National Reference Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Preetam Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA-23284 USA
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biologic Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal 721172 India
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics, NITTE University Center for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Anne C P Gomide
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biologic Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Vasco A C Azevedo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biologic Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
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Del Rio-Avila C, Rosario C, Arroyo-Escalante S, Carrillo-Casas EM, Díaz-Aparicio E, Suarez-Güemes F, Silva-Sanchez J, Xicohtencatl-Cortes J, Maravilla P, Hernández-Castro R. Characterisation of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli of 1997 and 2005 isolates from poultry in Mexico. Br Poult Sci 2016; 57:494-500. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1187716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Del Rio-Avila
- División de Estudios de Posgrado, Posgrado en Ciencias de la Salud y Producción Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan, México
| | - C. Rosario
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan, México
| | - S. Arroyo-Escalante
- Departamento de Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Tlalpan, México
| | - E. M. Carrillo-Casas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Tlalpan, México
| | - E. Díaz-Aparicio
- Departamento de Enfermedades en Pequeños Rumiantes, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuajimalpa, México
| | - F. Suarez-Güemes
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan, México
| | - J. Silva-Sanchez
- Departamento de Diagnóstico Epidemiológico, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - J. Xicohtencatl-Cortes
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Intestinal, Hospital Infantil de México, Cuauhtémoc, México
| | - P. Maravilla
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Tlalpan, México
| | - R. Hernández-Castro
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Tlalpan, México
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Muñoz-Bucio AV, Cortés-Pérez YA, Arellano-Reynoso B, Hernández-Gil M, Hernández-Castro R, Díaz-Aparicio E. Identification ofCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosisisolated from muscular abscesses in two horses: First report in Mexico. EQUINE VET EDUC 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Muñoz-Bucio
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
| | - Y. A. Cortés-Pérez
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
| | - B. Arellano-Reynoso
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
| | - M. Hernández-Gil
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Équidos; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Coyoacán Ciudad de México México
| | - R. Hernández-Castro
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos; Hospital General Dr Manuel Gea González; Tlalpan México
| | - E. Díaz-Aparicio
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- CENID Microbiología; Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales; Agrícolas y Pecuarias; Cuajimalpa Ciudad de México México
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20
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Carrillo-Del Valle MD, De la Garza-García JA, Díaz-Aparicio E, Valdivia-Flores AG, Cisneros-Guzmán LF, Rosario C, Manjarrez-Hernández ÁH, Navarro A, Xicohtencatl-Cortes J, Maravilla P, Hernández-Castro R. Characterization of Escherichia coli strains from red deer (Cervus elaphus) faeces in a Mexican protected natural area. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-016-1015-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ramírez-Bernal G, Lara-Sagahón AV, García-Tovar CG, Díaz-Aparicio E, Tenorio-Gutiérrez VR. Virulencia de cepas de Listeria monocytogenes procedentes de cabras y sus derivados. REV MEX CIENC PECU 2015. [DOI: 10.22319/rmcp.v5i3.3980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Se evaluó la virulencia de cepas de Listeria monocytogenes todas de serotipo 4b procedentes de cabras y susderivados. Se observaron niveles de virulencia variables cuando se comparó la virulencia relativa (porcentaje deletalidad) en ratones BALB/c inoculados vía intravenosa o intragástrica y su capacidad para infectar macrófagos J774A.1, y células epiteliales Caco-2. Dos cepas obtenidas de alimento de cabras produjeron 100 % de letalidad por ambas vías de inoculación y no mostraron diferencia significativa con la cepa testigo (P>0.05) respecto al porcentajede invasión y a los parámetros de la cinética de crecimiento cuadrática observada en ambas líneas celulares. Si bien todas las cepas lograron invadir las células Caco-2, solamente algunas consiguieron invadir el bazo después de la inoculación por vía intragástrica. Las dos cepas provenientes de alimento de cabras fueron las más virulentas, representando un riesgo para la salud humana y animal, ya que pueden ser diseminadas en el hato y de este a otras explotaciones o a las instalaciones donde se elaboran alimentos.
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Santiago-Rodríguez MDR, Díaz-Aparicio E, Arellano-Reynoso B, García-Lobo JM, Gimeno M, Palomares-Reséndiz EG, Hernández-Castro R. Survival of Brucella abortus aqpX Mutant in Fresh and Ripened Cheeses. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015; 12:170-5. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2014.1823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- CENID Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuajimalpa, México
| | - Beatriz Arellano-Reynoso
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, México
| | - Juan M. García-Lobo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria IBBTEC, Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC-SODERCAN, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Miquel Gimeno
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, México
| | - Erika G. Palomares-Reséndiz
- CENID Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuajimalpa, México
| | - Rigoberto Hernández-Castro
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González,” Tlalpan, México
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García-Juárez G, Ramírez-Bribiesca JE, Hernández-Vázquez M, Hernández-Calva LM, Díaz-Aparicio E, Orozco-Bolaños H. Análisis de riesgos de la brucelosis en el estado de Tlaxcala. Salud Publica Mex 2014. [DOI: 10.21149/spm.v56i4.7355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo. Identificar los riesgos de la brucelosis en el estado de Tlaxcala, México. Material y métodos. Se realizó un diagnóstico de tipo social en los municipios de Huamantla, Ixtenco y Teacalco, localizadas en la región oriente del estado. Se determinó la seroprevalencia de brucelosis en cabras y humanos. Resultados. El 46.9% de productores conoce los programas de la vacunación contra brucelosis; 19.7% aplica vacuna y 80.3% no aplica vacuna. Huamantla presentó la mayor seroprevalencia de brucelosis animal en 66.8 por ciento. San José Teacalco distribuye y comercializa quesos no pasteurizados en una distancia mayor de 270 km, lo que amplía los riesgos de contagio por brucelosis. Ixtenco registró la mayor prevalencia de brucelosis en humanos con 1.51 por ciento. Conclusión. Los municipios estudiados presentan riesgos de contagio y propagación de la brucelosis.
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García-Juárez G, Ramírez-Bribiesca JE, Hernández-Vázquez M, Hernández-Calva LM, Díaz-Aparicio E, Orozco-Bolaños H. [Risk analysis of brucelosis in the state of Tlaxcala]. Salud Publica Mex 2014; 56:355-362. [PMID: 25604175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the risk of brucellosis in the state of Tlaxcala, Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS A diagnosis of social type was conducted in the municipalities of Huamantla, Ixtenco and Teacalco, located in the eastern region of the state. The seroprevalence of brucellosis in goats and humans was determined. RESULTS 46.9% of producers know the programs of vaccination against brucellosis; 19.7% apply the vaccine and 80.3% do not apply the vaccine. Huamantla had the highest seroprevalence of animal brucellosis in 66.8%; San Jose Teacalco distributes unpasteurized cheeses to a distance of 270 km, increasing the risk of infection with brucellosis. Ixtenco recorded the highest prevalence of brucellosis in humans, with 1.51%. CONCLUSION The municipalities studied present risks of infection and spread of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Microbiología Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, México, DF, México
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Cisneros LF, Valdivia AG, Waldrup K, Díaz-Aparicio E, Martínez-de-Anda A, Cruz-Vázquez CR, Ortiz R. Surveillance for Mycobacterium bovis transmission from domestic cattle to wild ruminants in a Mexican wildlife-livestock interface area. Am J Vet Res 2013; 73:1617-25. [PMID: 23013189 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.73.10.1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle and wild ruminants (WRs) in a wildlife-livestock interface area (WLIA) of the Mexican highland plateau. ANIMALS 24,400 cattle from 793 herds (including 17,351 commercially slaughtered cattle) and 142 WRs (110 white-tailed deer [Odocoileus virginianus], 20 red deer [Cervus elaphus], and 12 North American elk [Cervus canadensis]) harvested via controlled hunting. PROCEDURES Cattle were serially tested for M bovis infection via caudal fold tuberculin and comparative cervical tuberculin tests during field surveillance. Carcasses of cattle and WRs were inspected for gross lesions; samples suggestive of tuberculosis were analyzed via histologic evaluation and mycobacterial culture (HMC). A PCR assay to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex organisms was performed to confirm positive results of HMC. RESULTS WRs had inflammatory lesions in lungs and lymph nodes, although HMC results did not indicate M bovis infection. Eight cattle had positive results for both tuberculin tests, and 31 had positive results for HMC of grossly detected lesions; all were from 7 herds, and ≥ 1 cow in each herd had positive PCR assay results. These 7 herds were depopulated; adjacent herds and herds related via commerce were quarantined. Calculated true prevalence of M bovis infection was 0.86% (95% confidence interval, 0.24% to 1.49%) in cattle; M bovis was not detected in any WRs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE M bovis infection was present in cattle. Although transmission to WRs in this WLIA was not detected, diagnosis and prevention activities should be implemented and consolidated to prevent potential M bovis transmission between cattle and WRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis F Cisneros
- Committee for Promoting and Protecting Livestock, km 21.5 carretera Aguascalientes-Zacatecas, San Francisco de los Romo, Aguascalientes 20300, México
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Arellano-Reynoso B, Suárez-Güemes F, Estrada FM, Michel-GómezFlores F, Hernández-Castro R, Acosta RB, Díaz-Aparicio E. Isolation of a field strain of Brucella abortus from RB51-vaccinated- and brucellosis-seronegative bovine yearlings that calved normally. Trop Anim Health Prod 2012; 45:695-7. [PMID: 22956439 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-012-0252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A study was carried out in Pichucalco, Chiapas (Mexico) to determine whether recently calved cows or those that aborted shed Brucella. Serological diagnosis of brucellosis was made in all animals (209). Six of the cows that calved normally and two that aborted underwent a bacteriological study of milk and vaginal exudate. Brucella abortus was isolated from vaginal exudate samples in two 3- to 4-year-old seronegative first-birth cows that had calved normally. This was confirmed through bacteriological identification and PCR as a field strain and smooth phenotypes. We conclude that seronegative cows vaccinated with RB51 which calved normally and shed B. abortus in the vaginal exudate after calving could be a serious problem because these cows are overlooked in routine diagnoses and are a source of Brucella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Arellano-Reynoso
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior de Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, Mexico City, C.P. 04510, Mexico
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Palomares-Resendiz E, Arellano-Reynoso B, Hernández-Castro R, Tenorio-Gutiérrez V, Salas-Téllez E, Suárez-Güemes F, Díaz-Aparicio E. Immunogenic response of Brucella canis virB10 and virB11 mutants in a murine model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2012; 2:35. [PMID: 22919627 PMCID: PMC3417389 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The virB locus, which encodes the type IV secretion system, is a major component of virulence in Brucella. A non-polar virB10 mutant and a virB11 deletion mutant were constructed in Brucella canis. In the mouse model, both mutants were cleared at day 21 post-infection, indicating reduced virulence in mice. After challenging with wild-type B. canis, the amounts of CFU recovered at day 15 were significantly lower in the group previously vaccinated with the virB10 mutant. Levels of IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgM, the induction of the cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and the production of IFN-γ were measured in lymphocyte cultures. All strains elicited similar levels of different antibody isotype profiles, and no significant differences were detected (P < 0.05). The wild-type strain induced a rapid and strong INF-γ response at 24 h, while both mutants induced mild INF-γ responses at 24 h, which remained constant over the course of sampling. Our results suggest that the virB mutants elicit a protective immunity and may be considered as candidates for studies to be conducted in dogs against canine brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Palomares-Resendiz
- CENID Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias Mexico City, México
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Herrera E, Rivera A, Palomares EG, Hernández-Castro R, Díaz-Aparicio E. Isolation of Brucella melitensis from a RB51-vaccinated seronegative goat. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011; 43:1069-70. [PMID: 21455694 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-011-9822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the etiology of abortions presented in a goat herd declared as free of brucellosis and vaccinated with RB51 located in Mexico. The serological diagnosis of brucellosis in 33 animals was performed. The study included three goats that aborted in the last third of gestation and 15 goats that gave birth normally; samples of milk and vaginal exudate were subjected to bacteriological study. All animals were negative for serological diagnosis, and isolation of Brucella melitensis was achieved in a single goat from vaginal exudate. However, the particularity is that this goat was negative to the card, indirect ELISA, and radial immunodiffusion tests. Isolation of a field strain was confirmed by biochemical test resistance to rifampicin and PCR. It is concluded that a goat which aborted in the last third of gestation was found spreading B. melitensis through vaginal discharge despite being vaccinated with RB51 and seronegative for brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Herrera
- Department of Bacteriology, CENID Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carretera Federal México-Toluca Km. 15.5, Cuajimalpa, México City, CP, 05110, Mexico
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Pérez-Romero N, Aguilar-Romero F, Arellano-Reynoso B, Díaz-Aparicio E, Hernández-Castro R. Isolation of Histophilus somni from the nasal exudates of a clinically healthy adult goat. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011; 43:901-3. [PMID: 21327861 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-011-9792-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
METHODS The nasal exudate from 42 goats of the Mixteca Region in the state of Puebla, Mexico, was evaluated. A strain was isolated after 4 days of incubation. This strain was identified according to its phenotypic characteristics and by means of a species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as well as by sequencing of the amplified product. RESULTS The species-specific PCR amplified a 407-bp fragment of 16S RNAr subunit, and the product sequencing revealed 100% homology with Histophilus somni 129PT. The nucleotide sequence was deposited in the GenBank under accession number HM032735. CONCLUSION This is the first worldwide isolation of H. somni from nasal exudates of a clinically healthy goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Pérez-Romero
- CENID Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carretera Federal México-Toluca Km. 15.5, Cuajimalpa, Mexico
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Herrera-López E, Suárez-Güemes F, Hernández-Andrade L, Córdova-López D, Díaz-Aparicio E. Epidemiological study of Brucellosis in cattle, immunized with Brucella abortus RB51 vaccine in endemic zones. Vaccine 2010; 28 Suppl 5:F59-63. [PMID: 20362623 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study the behavior of the Brucella abortus RB51 vaccine was evaluated in bovine herds, with different prevalence of Brucellosis. A prospective longitudinal study was made, in two dairies, one of low prevalence (9%) with 538 cows, and the other of high prevalence (15%) with 612 cows. The cattle were vaccinated twice 90 days apart with RB51 at a dose of 1×10(9)cfu/ml. The monthly incidence was determined during 660 days of observation. In the low prevalence dairy, all positive animals were eliminated as soon as they were diagnosed as positive and in this herd the number of new cases decreased to less than 1% between days 120, and day 660. In the dairy with high prevalence, positive cows were not eliminate resulting in the herd increasing its incidence by the end of the first year. Once positive animals were eliminated the incidence diminishes by day 660 to less of 1%. The odds ratio (OR) in the group of cows with abortion history, in the low prevalence dairy, was of 4.5 (1.2; 16.6), in the dairy ranch with high prevalence it presented an OR of 3.6 (1.5; 8.5). The conclusion from this study was that in brucellosis endemic zones, vaccination with RB51 by itself is not enough to control disease. It is mandatory that the initial elimination of all positive cows at the time of vaccination, the continued elimination of all new positive animals be adhered to for long periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Herrera-López
- CENID Microbiología INIFAP. Carretera México-Toluca. Km 15.5, Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, D.F., México, Mexico
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Díaz-Aparicio E, Tenorio-Gutiérrez VR, Arellano-Reynoso B, Enríquez-Verdugo I, Aguilar-Romero F. Pathogenicity of different strains of Histophilus somni in the experimental induction of ovine epididymitis. Can J Vet Res 2009; 73:157-160. [PMID: 19436586 PMCID: PMC2666322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine any differences in pathogenicity when sheep are experimentally infected with different Histophilus somni isolates: a) 2336 bovine origin strain; b) an isolate from ram orchitis and epididymitis; c) an isolate from the brain of a sheep with neurological signs; d) an isolate from the vagina of a clinically healthy ewe. A total of 20 rams divided in groups of 5 animals each were inoculated in the epididymis with 1 x 10(7) CFU/mL of H. somni; a negative control group of 5 rams was used. All groups inoculated with H. somni showed some epididymitis, but the most pathology was caused by the epididymitis isolate, followed by the vaginal isolate. It was demonstrated that there is a difference in experimental infection capacity among isolates from different origins, as epididymitis occurred and the bacteria was recovered only from groups inoculated with isolates originating from epididymitis and vaginal exudate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- CENID Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carretera Federal México-Toluca Km. 15.5, Cuajimalpa DF. CP 05110, México.
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Abstract
The present work aims to quantify milk production in a bovine dairy herd during a 6-year brucellosis control program in Hidalgo, Mexico, where bovine brucellosis is endemic. This 6-year longitudinal pilot study comprised 74 monthly samplings to determine the incidence of brucellosis and to quantify daily milk production. To determine the monthly incidence of brucellosis, an average of 346 Holstein cows was examined each month with the card and Rivanol tests. These animals had been vaccinated as calves with the normal dose of Brucella abortus RB51 and were revaccinated annually with a reduced dose. Brucellosis is endemic in Mexico, where the control programs include vaccination and diagnosis; nevertheless, it is uncommon to carry out other essential control practices, such as separation and elimination of positive cows. In this herd, the cows positive to the card and rivanol tests were separated in specific units, especially at the moment of delivery. These cows were placed at the end of the line for milking and were eliminated from the herd at the end of their productive cycle. In this dairy herd, cows were milked three times a day and there was a monthly average of 300 cows in production. At the beginning of this study the prevalence of brucellosis was 8.43%; from days 180-330 the incidence was from 0.51% to 0.90%. Between days 360-570, the incidence diminished to 0%; between days 600 to 1140, it increased to 4.46%; and from days 1440 to 2220 the incidence was kept beneath 1%. The average of dairy milk production for each cow per day started with 24 L, increasing in direct proportion to the decrease in the presence of new cases of brucellosis: in the subsequent years, the production increased successively to 25, 27, 28, 29, and 30 L. The daily average per year of milk production in the herd was also quantified: at the beginning of the study it was 7220 L and in subsequent years was 7470, 7710, 8340, 8790, 8970, and 9150 L, respectively. We conclude that a direct relation existed between the application of a program of brucellosis control and the increase in milk production.
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Ramírez-Pfeiffer C, Díaz-Aparicio E, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Morales-Loredo A, Alvarez-Ojeda G, Gomez-Flores R. Improved performance of Brucella melitensis native hapten over Brucella abortus OPS tracer on goat antibody detection by the fluorescence polarization assay. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2008; 123:223-9. [PMID: 18359093 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2007] [Revised: 01/22/2008] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The current method for goat brucellosis diagnosis is based on the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) using the screening card test (CT), with antigen at 8% (CT8) or 3% (CT3) of cell concentrations, and the confirmatory complement fixation test (CFT). However, these tests do not differentiate antibodies induced by vaccination from those derived from field infections by Brucella species or other bacterial agents; in places like Mexico, where the prevalence of brucellosis and the vaccination rates are high, there is a considerable percentage of false positive reactions that causes significant unnecessary slaughter of animals. Furthermore, results of the fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) using the Brucella abortus O-polysaccharide (OPS) tracer in goats are poorer than those with cattle. The present study was undertaken to investigate a tracer prepared from the native hapten (NH) of the Rev. 1 strain of Brucella melitensis to improve FPA performance on goat brucellosis diagnosis. Evaluation of 48 positive samples and 96 negative samples showed that the NH tracer was more accurate (p<0.01) than the OPS tracer (97.2% vs. 93.8% accuracy, respectively). On the diagnostic performance evaluation, the NH tracer performed better (87.5% accuracy, 79.5% sensitivity, 84.3% specificity, and 163.8 performance index) than the OPS tracer (83.5%, 75.9%, 81.0%, and 156.9, respectively) using 1009 positive and 2039 negative Mexican field goat sera samples selected by test series approved by the OIE (card test 3% and CFT). We demonstrated a new application for the NH lipopolysaccharide on detecting antibodies against Brucella using the FPA, which may yield faster results (minutes vs. 24-72h) than the immunodiagnosis assays frequently used in bovine brucellosis. In addition, NH tracer produces similar or better performance results than the conventional OPS tracer, using the FPA in goat sera samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ramírez-Pfeiffer
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias, Campo Experimental Río Bravo, Río Bravo, Tamaulipas, Mexico
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Núñez-del Arco A, Salas-Téllez E, de la Garza M, Díaz-Aparicio E, Tenorio-Gutiérrez V. Identification of an immunogenic protein of Actinobacillus seminis that is present in microvesicles. Can J Vet Res 2006; 70:43-9. [PMID: 16548331 PMCID: PMC1325093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Actinobacillus seminis is a gram-negative bacterium of the Pasteurellaceae family that is involved in ovine epididymitis. Looking for a protein specific to this species, we determined the protein profile of subcellular fractions of A. seminis (American Type Culture Collection number 15768): proteins from the outer membrane (OMPs), inner membrane (IMPs), and cytoplasm (CPs). These profiles provide the first data, to our knowledge, regarding subcellular fractions of A. seminis. In the OMP fraction, we identified a protein with a molecular mass of 75 kDa that proved to be immunogenic and apparently specific for A. seminis. This conclusion was based on the reaction of hyperimmune serum of rabbits inoculated with whole cells of A. seminis that was tested against sonicated complete cells of reference strains and field isolates of Brucella ovis, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni. No protein of these bacteria cross-reacted with the 75-kDa protein of A. seminis. Furthermore, when each type of hyperimmune serum was tested against the sonicated cells and each of the subcellular fractions of A. seminis, it did not recognize the A. seminis 75-kDa protein. We also isolated and identified this protein in microvesicles released to the culture supernatant. The results suggest that the 75-kDa protein could be used to establish a diagnostic test specific for ovine epididymitis caused by A. seminis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Núñez-del Arco
- Cátedra de Inmunodiagnóstico de Enfermedades Bacterianas y Micóticas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Av. Primero de mayo s/n, Cuautitlân Izcalli, Estado de Mexico 54740, Mexico
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Salas-Téllez E, Núñez del Arco A, Tenorio V, Díaz-Aparicio E, de la Garza M, Suárez-Güemes F. Subcellular fractions of Brucella ovis distinctively induce the production of interleukin-2, interleukin-4, and interferon-gamma in mice. Can J Vet Res 2005; 69:53-7. [PMID: 15745223 PMCID: PMC1142170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2003] [Accepted: 10/28/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 3 Brucella ovis subcellular protein fractions: Outer membrane (OMP), inner membrane (IMP), and cytoplasm (CP), on cellular immune response by in vitro production of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and interferon (IFN)-gamma. Each fraction was inoculated 3 times into Balb/c mice, primary cultures of mice spleen cells were done, and these were then stimulated with the fractions. Culture supernatants were collected at 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h postinoculation. Cytokine concentration was measured by Duoset-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The OMP fraction induced highest cellular immune response of 1000 pg/mL of IL-2 at 24 h, which decreased to < 100 pg/mL by 96 h. The IL-2 response for the IMP fraction was low at 24 h, but exceeded that of the OMP fraction at 72, 96, and 120 h. The CP showed a poor IL response. Regarding the IFN-gamma production, OMP and IMP induced a high response at 120 h. These results open the possibility for the use of B. ovis outer and inner membrane proteins as a subcellular vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Salas-Téllez
- Cátedra de Inmunodiagnóstico de Enfermedades Bacterianas y Micóticas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Primero de Mayo s/n, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México 54740, Mexico
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Leal-Hernandez M, Díaz-Aparicio E, Pérez R, Andrade LH, Arellano-Reynoso B, Alfonseca E, Suárez-Güemes F. Protection of Brucella abortus RB51 revaccinated cows, introduced in a herd with active Brucellosis, with presence of atypical humoral response. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 28:63-70. [PMID: 15563954 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2004.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
It is a dogma, that RB51 vaccination does not induce antibodies that interfere with Brucellosis diagnosis, therefore any animal positive to serological test is considered as an infected animal. To determine protection against Brucellosis virulent field strain, 35 pregnant cows from a free-Brucellosis herd, previously vaccinated as calves with 1 x 10(10) CFU of RB51, were revaccinated with RB51 reduced dose, and then introduced into a herd with an active outbreak. Seventeen cows resulted positive in card test after revaccination. All 35 pregnant revaccinated cows had normal parturition; nevertheless, RB51 vaccine strain was isolated from milk and vaginal exudates from two cows after delivery at day 120 post-revaccination. At 150 days post-revaccination, two cows were positives to card and rivanol test and the field virulent strain was isolated. Revaccination with a reduced dose of RB51 in endemic zones did not cause abortion and protected 94% of animals against field infection, but caused an atypical response to conventional serological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisela Leal-Hernandez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Primero de mayo s/n, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México 54740, Mexico
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Arellano-Reynoso B, Díaz-Aparicio E, Leal-Hernández M, Hernández L, Gorvel JP. Intracellular trafficking study of a RB51 B. abortus vaccinal strain isolated from cow milk. Vet Microbiol 2004; 98:307-12. [PMID: 15036539 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2003] [Revised: 10/07/2003] [Accepted: 10/29/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Brucella is responsible for one of the major worldwide zoonoses. Over the last century, several vaccines have been used against brucellosis. Among these, the rough vaccine Brucella abortus RB51 was introduced with the idea that it would not interfere with the diagnosis of brucellosis. Recently, RB51 has been isolated from milk and vaginal exudates from vaccinated cows, thus raising the possibility of extensive bacterial replication in these animals. We hypothesized that shedding of RB51 might be related to a change in its intracellular cell cycle. Therefore, we have compared the intracellular trafficking in CHO cells of the virulent B. abortus 2308 and two RB51 strains, the vaccinal strain and the one isolated from cow milk. Both RB51 strains were transiently observed in phagosomes characterized by the presence of the early endosomal marker EEA1 and then were found in cathepsin D-enriched lysosomal compartments, in which they eventually underwent degradation at later post-infection times. In contrast, the virulent 2308 strain replicated within the endoplasmic reticulum. These results suggest that a change in intracellular trafficking cannot account for Brucella shedding in adult vaccinated cows.
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Díaz-Aparicio E, Hernández L, Suárez-Güemes F. Protection against Brucellosis in Goats, Five Years after Vaccination with Reduced-Dose Brucella melitensis Rev 1 Vaccine. Trop Anim Health Prod 2004; 36:117-21. [PMID: 14998310 DOI: 10.1023/b:trop.0000012106.84833.3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The protection conferred by the reduced-dose Rev 1 Brucella melitensis vaccine in goats that had been immunized 5 years previously was evaluated. Sixteen goats vaccinated 5 years before with Rev 1 (1 x 10(5) cfu) and 5 non-vaccinated goats were challenged with B. melitensis 16M (4 x 10(5) cfu) using the conjunctival route. After giving birth or aborting, the goats were sacrificed and tissue samples were taken for bacteriological study. The challenge strain was recovered in 12%, of the animals from the vaccinated group, and in (80% of the control group. It is concluded, therefore that the use of reduced-dose Rev 1 protects goats vaccinated in endemic areas for at least 5 years after immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Díaz-Aparicio
- CENID Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas, Forestales y Pecuarias, Carretera Federal México-Toluca Km. 15.5, Cuajimalpa, Mexico.
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Santellano-Estrada E, Infante F, Díaz-Aparicio E, Flores-Gutiérrez GH. Use of an Immunobinding Test on Nitrocellulose Paper to Diagnose Caprine Brucellosis. Vet Res Commun 2004; 28:27-31. [PMID: 14989360 DOI: 10.1023/b:verc.0000009532.11237.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Santellano-Estrada
- División de Estudios de Postgrado e Investigación, UAM Agronomia y Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, México
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Soberón-Mobarak A, Díaz-Aparicio E, Torres-Armenta J, Adams LG, Suárez-Güemes F. Absence of shedding of two B. abortus strains in goats after vaccination with live vaccines. Vaccine 2000; 18:3018-20. [PMID: 10825605 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(00)00117-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if B. abortus rough mutant strains RB51 and rfbK are eliminated in goat milk. Thirty milk goats were divided into two groups. Group I was inoculated with 4x10(10) cfu/ml of B.abortus RB51 strain and Group II with 1x10(9) cfu/ml of B. abortus rfbK strain by subcutaneous route in the right axilary region. Milk samples were taken aseptically on a daily basis for the first 30 days and weekly for the second and third months. The samples were inoculated on Farrell's media and incubated under 5-10% CO(2) at 37 degrees C for 10 days. The suspicious colonies were recultured in Farrell's media. There were no isolations of bacteria with characteristics of Brucella from any of the milk samples collected during 90 days of the study. It was concluded that neither of the strains used at these doses were eliminated by milk in goats inoculated during lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Soberón-Mobarak
- Centro de Enseñanza, Práctica, Investigación y Extensionismo en Rumiantes (CEPIER), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D.F. 04510, Coyoacán, Mexico
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Núñez-Torres E, Díaz-Aparicio E, Tenorio VR, Hernández L, Marín C, Suárez-Güemes F. Stability of antigen and agarose used in a double immunodiffusion serologic test for Brucella ovis. J Vet Diagn Invest 1998; 10:113-5. [PMID: 9580326 DOI: 10.1177/104063879801000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Núñez-Torres
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias, SAGAR, DF, México
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Núñez-Torres ED, Díaz-Aparicio E, Hernández-Andrade L, Trigo-Tavera FJ, Suárez-Güemes F. Sensitivity and specificity of an ELISA as a screening test for the diagnosis of Brucella ovis in sheep. Rev Latinoam Microbiol 1997; 39:123-8. [PMID: 10932721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
A hot saline extract of Brucella ovis strain REO 198 at a concentration of 5 micrograms/ml in phosphate buffer pH 7.2 was used to adsorb onto Maxisorb plates and incubated at 37 degrees C during 12 h; unadsorbed excess antigen was washed off thrice with phosphate buffer containing 0.5% Tween 20. As blocking agent 1% skim milk was used. The conjugate used was protein G bound to peroxidase diluted 1:100. Thirty three sheep sera from bacteriologically confirmed infected animals and 39 sheep sera from healthy animals from disease-free zones were used. Sera were diluted 1:200. ELISA's sensitivity was 97% and specificity 84%. The cut-off value was chosen for a high sensitivity (100%) despite some loss of specificity in order to diminish false negative results rendering thus a suitable screening test for sheep epididimitis caused by Brucella ovis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Núñez-Torres
- Departamento de Bacteriología, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Disciplinarias en Microbiología, Cuajimalpa, México, D.F., México
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Escalante-Ochoa C, Díaz-Aparicio E, Segundo-Zaragoza C, Suárez-Güemes F. Isolation of Chlamydia psittaci involved in abortion of goats in Mexico: first report. Rev Latinoam Microbiol 1997; 39:117-21. [PMID: 10932720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
A group of 35 healthy adult goats ranging from two to six years old were bought from a chlamydiosis and brucellosis-free flock; they were vaccinated against Brucella melitensis with Rev1 vaccine at reduced doses, and one month later placed in isolation units. The animals were one month pregnant at the moment of purchase, and during the third month of pregnancy 10 out of the 35 dams aborted. Necropsy of the aborted fetus and examination of the foetal membranes was performed where no macroscopic lesions were observed. Abomasal liquid, foetal lung and liver, and placenta samples were taken for bacteriological analysis while sera from the goats that aborted was collected for serological investigation. Chlamydia psittaci was isolated in all cases, while no Brucella was detected. All sera reacted positive to anti-Chlamydia antibodies by the indirect immunofluorescence test. This represents the first report of Chlamydia psittaci isolation from cases of goat abortion in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Escalante-Ochoa
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM., Cd. Universitaria, Coyoacán, México, D.F., México.
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Díaz-Aparicio E, Marín C, Alonso-Urmeneta B, Aragón V, Pérez-Ortiz S, Pardo M, Blasco JM, Díaz R, Moriyón I. Evaluation of serological tests for diagnosis of Brucella melitensis infection of goats. J Clin Microbiol 1994; 32:1159-65. [PMID: 8051240 PMCID: PMC263630 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.32.5.1159-1165.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Five serological assays were evaluated for the diagnosis of brucellosis in goats: the rose bengal test (RBT), complement fixation test (CFT), radial immunodiffusion (RID) with Brucella and Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 polysaccharides, counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) with cytosol, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with polyclonal and protein G conjugates and smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS), native hapten polysaccharide (NH), or cytosol antigens. For optimal sensitivity, RBT had to be used with sera-antigen at a 3:1 dilution. In the RID test, Brucella melitensis biotype 1 NH could not be replaced by Brucella abortus biotype 1 or Y. enterocolitica 0:9 polysaccharides. In the ELISA, S-LPS and NH gave similar results and the protein G conjugate increased the specificity. With the sera from 55 B. melitensis culture-positive goats, the sensitivity was 100% for RBT, CFT (titer > or = 4), and ELISA with S-LPS or NH; 94% for RID; and 93% for CIEP. All tests were negative (100% specific) when testing the sera from 127 brucella-free goats. Larger discrepancies among the results of the serological tests were obtained with sera from goats of areas where brucellosis is endemic. When the sera of 20 young goats vaccinated subcutaneously (10(9) CFU of B. melitensis Rev 1) and bled 6 months later were examined, the specificities were as follows: NH ELISA, 60%; CFT and S-LPS ELISA, 75%; RBT, 80%; CIEP, 90%; and RID, 94%. With the sera from 10 young goats vaccinated conjunctivally (10(9) CFU of B. melitensis Rev 1) all tests were 100% specific 4 months after vaccination. The proportion of goats giving a positive reaction after vaccination decreased faster in RID than in other tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Díaz-Aparicio
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Díaz-Aparicio E, Aragón V, Marín C, Alonso B, Font M, Moreno E, Pérez-Ortiz S, Blasco JM, Díaz R, Moriyón I. Comparative analysis of Brucella serotype A and M and Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 polysaccharides for serological diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle, sheep, and goats. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31:3136-41. [PMID: 8308104 PMCID: PMC266364 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.31.12.3136-3141.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hapten polysaccharides of Brucella smooth M and A serotypes were prepared from Brucella sp. and Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 by previously described hydrolytic (O chain) or nonhydrolytic (native hapten [NH]) procedures. The purified polysaccharides differed only in the presence (O chain) or absence (NH) of lipopolysaccharide core sugars. The polysaccharides were compared by reverse radial immunodiffusion for the diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle (Brucella abortus biotype 1 [A serotype] and Brucella melitensis biotype 3 [AM serotype]), sheep (B. melitensis biotypes 1 [M serotype] and 3), and goats (B. melitensis biotype 1). The reverse radial immunodiffusion test with the NH from B. melitensis 16 M (serotype M) showed the highest sensitivity (89.6 to 97.3%), regardless of the host species and the serotype of the infecting Brucella sp. Y. enterocolitica O:9 NH (A serotype) was useful for diagnosing disease in cattle infected with B. abortus biotype 1, but not in cattle infected with B. melitensis biotype 3, sheep, or goats. The different results obtained with the serotype M and A polysaccharides and the sera from animals infected with M, A, and AM serotypes of Brucella spp. showed that in naturally infected animals, a large proportion of the antibodies are directed to or react with a previously defined common epitope(s) (J. T. Douglas and D. A. Palmer, J. Clin. Microbiol. 26:1353-1356, 1988) different from the A or M epitopes. By using the radial immunodiffusion test with B. melitensis 16M NH, it was possible to differentiate infected from vaccinated cattle, sheep, and goats with a sensitivity and specificity similar to that of the complement fixation test.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Díaz-Aparicio
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona
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