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Babu Rajendran N, Arieti F, Mena-Benítez CA, Galia L, Tebon M, Alvarez J, Gladstone BP, Collineau L, De Angelis G, Duro R, Gaze W, Göpel S, Kanj SS, Käsbohrer A, Limmathurotsakul D, Lopez de Abechuco E, Mazzolini E, Mutters NT, Pezzani MD, Presterl E, Renk H, Rodríguez-Baño J, Săndulescu O, Scali F, Skov R, Velavan TP, Vuong C, Tacconelli E, Avery L, Bonten M, Cassini A, Chauvin C, Compri M, Damborg P, De Greeff S, Del Toro MD, Filter M, Franklin A, Gonzalez-Zorn B, Grave K, Hocquet D, Hoelzle LE, Kalanxhi E, Laxminarayan R, Leibovici L, Malhotra-Kumar S, Mendelson M, Paul M, Muñoz Madero C, Murri R, Piddock LJ, Ruesen C, Sanguinetti M, Schilling T, Schrijver R, Schwaber MJ, Scudeller L, Torumkuney D, Van Boeckel T, Vanderhaeghen W, Voss A, Wozniak T. EPI-Net One Health reporting guideline for antimicrobial consumption and resistance surveillance data: a Delphi approach. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2023; 26:100563. [PMID: 36895445 PMCID: PMC9989632 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Strategic and standardised approaches to analysis and reporting of surveillance data are essential to inform antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mitigation measures, including antibiotic policies. Targeted guidance on linking full-scale AMR and antimicrobial consumption (AMC)/antimicrobial residues (AR) surveillance data from the human, animal, and environmental sectors is currently needed. This paper describes the initiative whereby a multidisciplinary panel of experts (56 from 20 countries-52 high income, 4 upper middle or lower income), representing all three sectors, elaborated proposals for structuring and reporting full-scale AMR and AMC/AR surveillance data across the three sectors. An evidence-supported, modified Delphi approach was adopted to reach consensus among the experts for dissemination frequency, language, and overall structure of reporting; core elements and metrics for AMC/AR data; core elements and metrics for AMR data. The recommendations can support multisectoral national and regional plans on antimicrobials policy to reduce resistance rates applying a One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Babu Rajendran
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fabiana Arieti
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Liliana Galia
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maela Tebon
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Julio Alvarez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Center and Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beryl Primrose Gladstone
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Clinical Research Unit for Healthcare Associated and Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Infections, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lucie Collineau
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Giulia De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Raquel Duro
- Unit for the Prevention and Control of Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel, Porto, Portugal
| | - William Gaze
- The European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Siri Göpel
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Clinical Research Unit for Healthcare Associated and Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Infections, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Souha S Kanj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control Program, Antimicrobial Stewardship Program, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Annemarie Käsbohrer
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department 4 - Biological Safety, Berlin, Germany
| | - Direk Limmathurotsakul
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit and Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | - Elena Mazzolini
- Department of Epidemiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Udine-Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Nico T Mutters
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany.,European Committee on Infection Control, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Diletta Pezzani
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisabeth Presterl
- European Committee on Infection Control, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,ESCMID Study Group for Nosocomial Infections, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hanna Renk
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Pulmology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Baño
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Division, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena/Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Seville/Biomedicine Institute of Seville (IBiS)/CSIC, Seville, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oana Săndulescu
- Department of Infectious Diseases I, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Prof. Dr. Matei Balș", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Federico Scali
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e Dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Robert Skov
- Epidemiological Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thirumalaisamy P Velavan
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Vietnamese - German Center for Medical Research, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Vuong
- AiCuris Anti-infective Cures GmbH, Wuppertal, Germany.,Jansen Pharmaceuticals, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Evelina Tacconelli
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,European Committee on Infection Control, Basel, Switzerland
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Brunelli L, Bussolaro S, Dobrina R, De Vita C, Mazzolini E, Verardi G, Degrassi M, Piazza M, Cassone A, Starec A, Ricci G, Zanchiello S, Stampalija T. Exploring the Needs and Expectations of Expectant and New Parents for an mHealth Application to Support the First 1000 Days of Life: Steps toward a Co-Design Approach. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1227. [PMID: 36673978 PMCID: PMC9858695 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
To improve maternal and child health, it is essential to adhere to health-promoting and preventive measures. However, reliable information as well as effective tools are not easy to identify in this field. Our cross-sectional study investigated the needs and expectations of expectant and new mothers and fathers as potential primary users of a hypothetical application supporting the first 1000 days of life. Between May and August 2022, we recruited expectant and new parents by administering an 83-item 5-point Likert scale questionnaire related to the content, functionalities, and technical features of the hypothetical app. We stratified responses using sociodemographic characteristics and then performed ward hierarchical clustering. The 94 women and 69 men involved in our study generally agreed with the proposed content, but expressed low interest in certain app functionalities or features, including those related to the interaction mechanism and interactivity. Women were generally more demanding than men. Our findings, resulting from the engagement of end-users, may be useful for designers and technology providers to implement mHealth solutions that, in addition to conveying reliable information, are tailored to the needs and preferences of end-users in the first 1000 days of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Brunelli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sofia Bussolaro
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Raffaella Dobrina
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Elena Mazzolini
- Department of Epidemiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Verardi
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maura Degrassi
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Piazza
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Cassone
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Tamara Stampalija
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
- Unit of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
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Brunelli L, Dobrina R, De Vita C, Mazzolini E, Verardi G, Bussolaro S, Degrassi M, Hervatich G, Piazza M, Strajn T, Cassone A, Starec A, Ricci G, Zanchiello S, Stampalija T. What do hospital-based health professionals need and expect from an mHealth app to support the first 1000 days of life? Results from a cross sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284448. [PMID: 37083657 PMCID: PMC10121055 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several attempts have been made to introduce mHealth solutions to support maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH). However, most of the available apps do not meet the needs of end-users, underscoring the urgency of involving them in the co-design of telehealth interventions. OBJECTIVE With this in mind, we investigated the needs and expectations of hospital-based health professionals (i.e., secondary users) providing care to pregnant women and new mothers with their babies for a hypothetical mHealth app to support the first 1000 days of life. METHODS From November 2021 to March 2022, we surveyed health professionals using a questionnaire that explored the perceived importance of specific content, functionalities, and technical features of the proposed app. We also collected sociodemographic information from secondary users. We performed descriptive analysis and then used Ward hierarchical clustering method to classify respondents according to their response patterns. RESULTS We recorded the needs and expectations of 145 hospital-based health professionals from obstetrics/gynecology, nursery/neonatology, and pediatrics. We found general agreement with the proposed content of the app, particularly general information about health during pregnancy (92%) and potential risky infections during pregnancy (91%). Three clusters emerged from the analysis, with the high and medium demanding clusters rating the importance of app content and technical features as very high and high, respectively, while low demanding cluster expressing more skepticism, especially about some of the proposed functionalities of the app. CONCLUSIONS Assessing the needs and expectations of end-users is an essential process for developing tailored and effective mHealth solutions. This study has shown that hospital-based health professionals generally recognize the value of the proposed app, suggesting their propensity to integrate such a telehealth solution into mainstream clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Brunelli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Raffaella Dobrina
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Elena Mazzolini
- Department of Epidemiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Udine e Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Verardi
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Sofia Bussolaro
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maura Degrassi
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Hervatich
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Piazza
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Tamara Strajn
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Cassone
- Healthcare Professions Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Tamara Stampalija
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Unit of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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Bravo G, Cattani G, Malacarne F, Tricarico P, Arnoldo L, Brunelli L, Zotti C, Moro ML, Diegoli G, Pezzotti P, Bella A, Pantosti A, Punzo O, Grossi A, Barchitta M, Agodi A, Castellini G, Marrazzo M, Auxilia F, Cavallaro G, Alborali GL, Mazzolini E, Brusaferro S. SPiNCAR: A systematic model to evaluate and guide actions for tackling AMR. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265010. [PMID: 35271635 PMCID: PMC8912127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Italy records very alarming levels antimicrobial resistance (AMR), so a National Action Plan on Antimicrobial resistance (PNCAR) was developed, adopting the AMR European Union’s recommendations based on the results of the ECDC site visit of January 2017. For achieving PNCAR objectives, it is necessary to support and harmonize the implementation of recommendations in all the different healthcare levels (regional authorities and local trusts), so the SPiNCAR project was launched to create a tool for reaching this goal. Methods We developed a framework based on a scientific literature and national and international guidelines. Firstly, we identified the major intervention areas for tackling AMR, then, for each area, we built a set of standards, both for regional authorities than for local trusts. Every standard is composed by a set of essential and additional criteria, which refer to a minimum or supplemental performance level respectively. The contents were firstly discussed by the project’s team during face-to-face kick-off meetings, then confirmed with Delphi methodology and finally validated through a pilot study. Results The final framework consists of seven different areas that reflect the PNCAR structure: Governance, Surveillance and Monitoring, Appropriate Use of antimicrobials, Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs) control and prevention, Education and Training, Alliance among Stakeholders, Implementation. The total number of standards for the regional framework was 34 with 264 criteria and for the local version 36 criteria with 279 standards. Conclusion The ongoing use of this tool, developed on international evidences and recommendations that were tailored on the Italian specific context, allows monitoring the improvement achieved over time and plan the next steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bravo
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Luca Arnoldo
- Friuli Centrale Healthcare University Trust, Udine, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Laura Brunelli
- Friuli Centrale Healthcare University Trust, Udine, Italy
| | - Carla Zotti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Moro
- Regional Health and Social Agency of Emilia-Romagna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Diegoli
- Direzione Generale Cura della Persona, Salute e Welfare Regione Emilia-Romagna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Adriano Grossi
- Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
- ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Barchitta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Agodi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Greta Castellini
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Auxilia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan—ASST Fatebenefratelli- Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Loris Alborali
- Direzione Generale Cura della Persona, Salute e Welfare Regione Emilia-Romagna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Mazzolini
- Department of Epidemiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvio Brusaferro
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
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Giufrè M, Mazzolini E, Cerquetti M, Brusaferro S. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from extraintestinal infections in humans and from food-producing animals in Italy: a 'One Health' study. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2021; 58:106433. [PMID: 34525400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recently, Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) have become a serious public-health problem, and food-producing animals (FPAs) have been suggested as a potential reservoir/source. This study aimed to compare ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from different sources. ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were collected from humans (n = 480) and FPAs (n = 445) in Italy (2016-2017). Isolates were screened for the presence of ESBL and carbapenemase genes and were classified according to phylogenetic group and MLST genotyping. The genes mcr-1 to -5 were searched for in colistin-resistant isolates. CTX-M was the most frequent ESBL type both in human and animal isolates. CTX-M-15 prevailed in humans (75.0%) and cattle (51.1%) but not in poultry (36.6%). CTX-M-1 was common (58.3%) in pigs. SHV-type and CMY-2-like were found in FPAs, especially in poultry (17.0% and 29.9%, respectively). Additionally, 29 isolates were mcr-1 carriers (3 from humans and 26 from FPAs). No carbapenemase genes were detected. Human isolates mostly belonged to phylogroup B2 (76.5%). Animal isolates were distributed among groups A (35.7%), B1 (26.1%) and C (12.4%). Few animal isolates (almost all from poultry) were classified into group B2 (4.3%). Most human isolates (83.4%) belonged to the pandemic ST131 clone and frequently carried CTX-M-15 (75.9%). ST131 was rarely detected in FPAs (three isolates from poultry). Nineteen STs were shared in both sources, with ST10, ST410 and ST69 being more frequently detected. Potential exchange of ESBL genes from animals to humans is feasible, underlying the need for strict monitoring based on a 'One Health' approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giufrè
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Elena Mazzolini
- Department of Epidemiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marina Cerquetti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvio Brusaferro
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Udine and Clinical Risk Management and Performance Assessment Unit, Udine Healthcare and University Integrated Trust, Udine, Italy
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Piapan L, Mazzolini E, Tomietto M, Barbone F, Larese Filon F. Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 among healthcare workers in North-Eastern Italy from March 1, 2020 to May 10, 2020. Med Lav 2021; 112:422-428. [PMID: 34939620 PMCID: PMC8759052 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v112i6.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During major epidemic outbreaks, the preparedness of public health systems is challenged and -healthcare workers (HCWs) are at the frontline. Italy was among the first- and worst-hit countries by COVID-19. AIM To analyze the prevalence and incidence of infection among HCWs in Friuli Venezia Giulia region (north-eastern Italy) from March 1 to the end of the Italian lock-down, May 10, 2020. METHODS HCWs exposed to COVID-19 patients were actively surveyed and all HCWs were routinely tested with nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab for RNA virus detection (n. 54,670). RESULTS Infected HCWs (n. 595) represented the 32.3% of all COVID-19 cases in the region under 65 years of age, and incidence of infection was 11.4 cases/1000 workers. HCWs accounted for a significant proportion of coronavirus infection and experienced high infection incidence after unprotected contact. CONCLUSIONS HCWs' knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology and proper infection control practices are critical to the control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Piapan
- Unità Clinico Operativa di Medicina del Lavoro, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Mazzolini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie and Direzione Centrale Salute, Politiche Sociali e Disabilità, Regione Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Marco Tomietto
- Direzione Centrale Salute, Politiche Sociali e Disabilità, Regione Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Fabio Barbone
- Dipartimento di Area Medica, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesca Larese Filon
- Unità Clinico Operativa di Medicina del Lavoro, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Compri M, Mader R, Mazzolini E, de Angelis G, Mutters NT, Babu Rajendran N, Galia L, Tacconelli E, Schrijver R. White Paper: Bridging the gap between surveillance data and antimicrobial stewardship in the animal sector-practical guidance from the JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET EPI-Net networks. J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 75:ii52-ii66. [PMID: 33280048 PMCID: PMC7719408 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET EPI-Net networks have joined efforts to formulate a set of target actions to link the surveillance of antimicrobial usage (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) with antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities in four different settings. This White Paper focuses on the veterinary setting and embraces the One Health approach. METHODS A review of the literature was carried out addressing research questions in three areas: AMS leadership and accountability; AMU surveillance and AMS; and AMR surveillance and AMS. Consensus on target actions was reached through a RAND-modified Delphi process involving over 40 experts in infectious diseases, clinical microbiology, AMS, veterinary medicine and public health, from 18 countries. RESULTS/DISCUSSION Forty-six target actions were developed and qualified as essential or desirable. Essential actions included the setup of AMS teams in all veterinary settings, building government-supported AMS programmes and following specific requirements on the production, collection and communication of AMU and AMR data. Activities of AMS teams should be tailored to the local situation and capacities, and be linked to local or national surveillance systems and infection control programmes. Several research priorities were also identified, such as the need to develop more clinical breakpoints in veterinary medicine. CONCLUSIONS This White Paper offers a practical tool to veterinary practitioners and policy makers to improve AMS in the One Health approach, thanks to surveillance data generated in the veterinary setting. This work may also be useful to medical doctors wishing to better understand the specificities of the veterinary setting and facilitate cross-sectoral collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Compri
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rodolphe Mader
- University of Lyon, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Antimicrobial Resistance and Bacterial Virulence Unit, Lyon, France
| | - Elena Mazzolini
- Department of Epidemiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia de Angelis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nico T Mutters
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nithya Babu Rajendran
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Clinical Research Unit for healthcare associated infections, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Liliana Galia
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Evelina Tacconelli
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Clinical Research Unit for healthcare associated infections, Tübingen, Germany
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Valent F, Gallo T, Mazzolini E, Pipan C, Sartor A, Merelli M, Bontempo G, Marzinotto S, Curcio F, Tascini C. A cluster of COVID-19 cases in a small Italian town: a successful example of contact tracing and swab collection. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:1112-1114. [PMID: 32344169 PMCID: PMC7194962 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Valent
- SOC Istituto di Igiene ed Epidemiologia Clinica, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - T Gallo
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - E Mazzolini
- Direzione Centrale Salute, Politiche Sociali e Disabilità, Regione Autonoma Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Italy
| | - C Pipan
- SOC Istituto di Igiene ed Epidemiologia Clinica, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - A Sartor
- SOC Microbiologia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - M Merelli
- Clinica di Malattie Infettive, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - G Bontempo
- Clinica di Malattie Infettive, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - S Marzinotto
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Laboratorio, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - F Curcio
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Laboratorio, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - C Tascini
- Clinica di Malattie Infettive, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
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9
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Barberio A, Mazzolini E, Dall'Ava B, Rosa G, Brunetta R, Zandonà L, Drigo I, Moschioni C, Guolo A, Bonamico S, Busa A, Segalin C, Biasio L, Moroni P, Agnoletti F. A Longitudinal Case Study on Dissemination of ST398 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Within a Dairy Cow Herd. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2019; 16:761-768. [PMID: 31225744 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2019.2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to describe the dynamics of ST398 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on a dairy herd in northeastern Italy. MRSA was first identified in this herd of 120 cows in 2016, after which the herd was sampled once every 3 months for 1 year (April 2016-May 2017). Samples collected included nasal swabs and milk samples from cows and nasal swabs from farmworkers. In addition, pen fencing and teat milk liners were swabbed and air samples from cow pens and the milking parlor were collected. All samples were tested for MRSA using a selective medium; positive isolates were confirmed by mecA PCR. A representative set of MRSA isolates was genotyped using spa typing and multilocus sequence typing. Overall, 34 (mean 23%, range 16-30%) milking cows were found harboring MRSA in the mammary gland and only 6 recovered from infection or colonization. The mean incidence rate was 14% (range 8-20%), mean cure rate was 23% (range 13-43%), and estimated basic reproduction number (R0) was 1.08. The average of positive quarters found was 35.1% and most of the positive quarters (82.4%) developed subclinical mastitis. The mean duration of MRSA colonization in quarters during the study was 247 days, but quarters affected by subclinical mastitis harbored MRSA for a longer time than healthy ones (285 days vs. 131 days). After the second sampling, the farmer segregated MRSA-positive cows from the uninfected cows and milked them last. Despite segregation, 25 newly infected or colonized cows were detected. MRSA isolates from cows, environment, and two farmworkers belonged to the same sequence type (ST398) and spa type (t034). This study highlights the ability of ST398 MRSA to cause a persistent infection of the mammary gland and to survive in the farm environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barberio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Elena Mazzolini
- Dipartimento di Epidemiologia Veterinaria, Osservatorio epidemiologico veterinario del Friuli Venezia Giulia, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Udine, Italy
| | - Brunella Dall'Ava
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Giulia Rosa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Romina Brunetta
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Treviso, Treviso, Italy
| | - Luca Zandonà
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Treviso, Treviso, Italy
| | - Ilenia Drigo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Treviso, Treviso, Italy
| | - Chiara Moschioni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Treviso, Treviso, Italy
| | - Angela Guolo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Treviso, Treviso, Italy
| | - Sondra Bonamico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Busa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Chiara Segalin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Lara Biasio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Moroni
- Quality Milk Production Services, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.,Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Agnoletti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Sezione territoriale di Treviso, Treviso, Italy
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10
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Agnoletti F, Arcangeli G, Barbanti F, Barco L, Brunetta R, Cocchi M, Conedera G, D'Este L, Drigo I, Spigaglia P, Mazzolini E. Survey, characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile from marine bivalve shellfish of North Adriatic Sea. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 298:74-80. [PMID: 30927688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is a major cause of infectious diarrhea associated to healthcare settings. Community-acquired infections are increasingly reported in the last decade and exposure other than to symptomatic patients rather to contaminated foods or animals is feasible. Occurrence of C. difficile in shellfish raises concern because spores can survive the cooking temperatures given that shellfish is often consumed poorly cooked or raw. Aim of our study was to investigate whether shellfish represents a reservoir of C. difficile human PCR-ribotypes (RTs). 702 shellfish samples of farmed and wild bivalve mollusc species were collected over the 2015-2017 period in North Adriatic Italian Sea to investigate contamination with C. difficile and characterize the isolates in terms of genotypic variability and antimicrobial resistance profile. C. difficile was detected in 16.9% (CI: 14.1%-19.8%) samples: 11.6% mussels and 23.2% clams. Compared to mussels, clams were significantly associated with detection of C. difficile (OR = 2.4, P < 0.01). Overall 113 C. difficile isolates were genotyped and 75 (66.4%) were toxigenic. Fifty-three different RTs were identified. 40.7% C. difficile isolates were among the RTs most commonly involved in human infection in Europe. The profile of antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by E-test; microbiological resistance was frequent against clindamycin (17%), erythromycin (23%), rifampicin (8.8%) and moxifloxacin (10.6%). All isolates were susceptible to metronidazole and one showed MIC > ECOFF for vancomycin. C. difficile strains showed high variety in RTs, most of them already detected in other animals or known as highly virulent and epidemic in humans. These results prompt towards investigating on specific risk mitigation measures against C. difficile and are preliminary for any source attribution and risk assessment study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Agnoletti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Arcangeli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Barbanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lisa Barco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Romina Brunetta
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Monia Cocchi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Gabriella Conedera
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Laura D'Este
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Ilenia Drigo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Patrizia Spigaglia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Mazzolini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
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11
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Zandonà L, Brunetta R, Zanardello C, Vascellari M, Persico L, Mazzolini E. Cerebral toxoplasmosis in a cat with feline leukemia and feline infectious peritonitis viral infections. Can Vet J 2018; 59:860-862. [PMID: 30104776 PMCID: PMC6049326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A diarrheic young cat died after neurological involvement. Biochemistry pointed to feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). The final diagnosis was severe multifocal meningoencephalitis due to Toxoplasma gondii. The presence of the parasite in the brain was confirmed using immunohistochemical staining. Concomitant feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and FIP were possible contributors to the clinical, fatal outcome.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cat Diseases/parasitology
- Cat Diseases/pathology
- Cat Diseases/virology
- Cats
- Coronavirus, Feline/isolation & purification
- Feline Infectious Peritonitis/pathology
- Feline Infectious Peritonitis/virology
- Female
- Leukemia Virus, Feline/isolation & purification
- Leukemia, Feline/parasitology
- Leukemia, Feline/pathology
- Leukemia, Feline/virology
- Meningoencephalitis/parasitology
- Meningoencephalitis/pathology
- Meningoencephalitis/veterinary
- Toxoplasma/isolation & purification
- Toxoplasmosis, Animal/parasitology
- Toxoplasmosis, Animal/pathology
- Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral/parasitology
- Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral/pathology
- Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral/veterinary
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Zandonà
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zandonà, Brunetta, Zanardello, Vascellari, Mazzolini); Ambulatorio Veterinario Persico Dr. Luca, Piazzale Capitello 20, 31020 Vidor (TV), Italy (Persico)
| | - Romina Brunetta
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zandonà, Brunetta, Zanardello, Vascellari, Mazzolini); Ambulatorio Veterinario Persico Dr. Luca, Piazzale Capitello 20, 31020 Vidor (TV), Italy (Persico)
| | - Claudia Zanardello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zandonà, Brunetta, Zanardello, Vascellari, Mazzolini); Ambulatorio Veterinario Persico Dr. Luca, Piazzale Capitello 20, 31020 Vidor (TV), Italy (Persico)
| | - Marta Vascellari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zandonà, Brunetta, Zanardello, Vascellari, Mazzolini); Ambulatorio Veterinario Persico Dr. Luca, Piazzale Capitello 20, 31020 Vidor (TV), Italy (Persico)
| | - Luca Persico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zandonà, Brunetta, Zanardello, Vascellari, Mazzolini); Ambulatorio Veterinario Persico Dr. Luca, Piazzale Capitello 20, 31020 Vidor (TV), Italy (Persico)
| | - Elena Mazzolini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zandonà, Brunetta, Zanardello, Vascellari, Mazzolini); Ambulatorio Veterinario Persico Dr. Luca, Piazzale Capitello 20, 31020 Vidor (TV), Italy (Persico)
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12
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Drigo I, Mazzolini E, Bacchin C, Tonon E, Puiatti C, Bano L, Spigaglia P, Barbanti F, Agnoletti F. Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolated from rabbits raised for meat production. Vet Microbiol 2015; 181:303-7. [PMID: 26507420 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is an important cause of enteric disease in humans and animals. Recent studies demonstrated a genetic overlap between C. difficile isolated from animals and humans suggesting animals as possible reservoir for human pathogenic strains. This study was a preliminary investigation on the occurrence of C. difficile in rabbits raised in industrial holdings for food production and aimed to characterise isolates and estimate their antimicrobial susceptibility. C. difficile isolates were characterized by toxin profiles, toxinotyping and PCR-ribotyping. The MICs of six antibiotics were determined using E-test. Between 2007 and 2013, 285 industrial holdings (representing 40% of the national census) submitted rabbits to our laboratory for diagnostic purposes, among these holdings, groups of three to five post-weaned rabbits were sampled once by convenience. 1279 samples of caecal content were collected. The overall isolation rate of C. difficile from the enteric specimen was 3% (38/1279), with no difference among animals affected or not by enteric disorders. Among isolates 66% (25/38) were toxigenic. Sixteen different PCR-ribotypes (RTs) were identified. Among the toxigenic strains RT-014/020, RT-078 and RT-012 were found in at least three rabbit holdings. According to the ECOFF threshold, 82% (31/38) C. difficile isolates displayed a reduced susceptibility to at least one and 18% (7/38) to three tested antimicrobials. Rabbits are colonized by heterogeneous C. difficile ribotypes many of which are commonly isolated in humans. One third of isolates displayed a reduced susceptibility to MTZ, the first choice antimicrobial for human CDI treatment. According to our findings rabbits are a potential source of C. difficile for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Drigo
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Bacteriology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Treviso, Italy.
| | - Elena Mazzolini
- Department of Veterinary Epidemiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Udine, Italy
| | - Cosetta Bacchin
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Bacteriology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Treviso, Italy
| | - Elena Tonon
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Bacteriology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Treviso, Italy
| | - Cinzia Puiatti
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Bacteriology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Treviso, Italy
| | - Luca Bano
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Bacteriology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Treviso, Italy
| | - Patrizia Spigaglia
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Barbanti
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Agnoletti
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Bacteriology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Treviso, Italy
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13
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Agnoletti F, Mazzolini E, Bacchin C, Bano L, Berto G, Rigoli R, Muffato G, Coato P, Tonon E, Drigo I. First reporting of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST398 in an industrial rabbit holding and in farm-related people. Vet Microbiol 2014; 170:172-7. [PMID: 24602406 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) has been described in food-producing animals and farm or slaughterhouse workers involved in the primary industrial production of swine, bovine and poultry. This communication describes the first case of LA-MRSA (ST398, spa types t034 and t5210) occurring in rabbits raised intensively for meat production and involving farm workers or their family members. In 2012-2013, in a study involving 40 rabbit industrial holdings in Italy, one farm was found to have rabbits colonized or infected with MRSA. Four farm workers and one of their relatives were found to be carrying MRSA. In this case holding, rabbits, people and the holding environment were further investigated and followed up by a second sampling five months later. MRSA was found in 48% (11/23) and 25% (15/59) of the rabbits carrying S. aureus at first and second samplings, respectively. Five months after first detection, some farm workers or family members were still MRSA carriers. Surface samples (2/10) and air samples (2/3) were contaminated with MRSA. Air samples yielded MRSA counts of 5 and 15CFU/m(3). MRSA from rabbits and people collected at first sampling were spa types t034 and t5210 belonging to ST398. The MRSA isolates from rabbits and persons tested at second sampling were t034 and t5210, but spa types t1190 and t2970 were also detected in MRSA isolates from rabbits. Tracing the epidemiological pattern earlier may prevent further spread of LA-MRSA in these food producing animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Agnoletti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, via dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - Elena Mazzolini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, via dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Cosetta Bacchin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, via dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Luca Bano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, via dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Giacomo Berto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, via dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Roberto Rigoli
- Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Santa Maria di Cà Foncello, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muffato
- Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Santa Maria di Cà Foncello, Treviso, Italy
| | - Paola Coato
- Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Santa Maria di Cà Foncello, Treviso, Italy
| | - Elena Tonon
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, via dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Ilenia Drigo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, via dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
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14
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Venturi G, Martelli P, Mazzolini E, Fiorentini C, Benedetti E, Todone D, Villalta D, Fortuna C, Marchi A, Minelli G, Ciufolini MG. Humoral immunity in natural infection by tick-borne encephalitis virus. J Med Virol 2009; 81:665-71. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Lucangeli C, Morabito S, Caprioli A, Achene L, Busani L, Mazzolini E, Fabris A, Macrì A. Molecular fingerprinting of strains of Yersinia ruckeri serovar O1 and Photobacterium damsela subsp. piscicida isolated in Italy. Vet Microbiol 2000; 76:273-81. [PMID: 10973701 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We studied the ribotypes, patterns of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and interspersed repeated sequences (IRS)-PCR of 30 strains of Yersinia ruckeri O1 and 20 strains of Photobacterium damsela subsp. piscicida isolated from apparently unrelated epizootic outbreaks occurring on Italian fish farms between 1993 and 1999. All of the Y. ruckeri O1 strains had similar profiles, as demonstrated by all three typing methods, thus confirming the clonal structure of this species. The strains of P. damsela subsp. piscicida showed similar profiles when tested with ribotyping and PFGE; however, two slightly different profiles were distinguished by IRS-PCR using the primer ERIC2. The two profiles appeared to be related to the geographic origin of the strains, since each of them was specific to isolates from a certain area (i.e. northern or southern Italy). This result suggests that PCR fingerprinting may be a valuable tool in typing fish bacterial pathogens, which often present a great degree of genetic homogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lucangeli
- Laboratorio di Medicina Veterinaria, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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