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PAK1-dependent mechanotransduction enables myofibroblast nuclear adaptation and chromatin organization during fibrosis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113414. [PMID: 37967011 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblasts are responsible for scarring during fibrosis. The scar propagates mechanical signals inducing a radical transformation in myofibroblast cell state and increasing profibrotic phenotype. Here, we show mechanical stress from progressive scarring induces nuclear softening and de-repression of heterochromatin. The parallel loss of H3K9Me3 enables a permissive state for distinct chromatin accessibility and profibrotic gene regulation. Integrating chromatin accessibility profiles with RNA expression provides insight into the transcription network underlying the switch in profibrotic myofibroblast states, emphasizing mechanoadaptive regulation of PAK1 as key drivers. Through genetic manipulation in liver and lung fibrosis, loss of PAK1-dependent signaling impairs the mechanoadaptive response in vitro and dramatically improves fibrosis in vivo. Moreover, we provide human validation for mechanisms underpinning PAK1-mediated mechanotransduction in liver and lung fibrosis. Collectively, these observations provide insight into the nuclear mechanics driving the profibrotic chromatin landscape in fibrosis, highlighting actomyosin-dependent mechanisms as potential therapeutic targets in fibrosis.
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Improving detection of cystic fibrosis related liver disease using liver fibrosis assessment tools. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21861. [PMID: 38053913 PMCID: PMC10694159 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & aims Cystic Fibrosis related liver disease (CFLD) is the 3rd largest cause of death in Cystic Fibrosis (CF). As advances in pulmonary therapies have increased life-expectancy, CFLD has become more prevalent. Current guidelines may underdiagnose liver fibrosis, particularly in its early stages. Newer modalities for the assessment of fibrosis may provide a more accurate assessment. FibroScan is validated in assessing fibrosis for several aetiologies including alcohol and fatty liver, the CFLD cohort have an entirely different phenotype so the cut off values are not transferrable. We appraised fibrosis assessment tools to improve diagnosis of CFLD. Methods A prospective cohort (n = 114) of patients from the Manchester Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, UK were identified at annual assessment. Demographic data including co-morbidity, CFTR genotyping, biochemistry and imaging were used alongside current guidelines to group into CFLD and CF without evidence of liver disease. All patients underwent liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and assessment of serum-based fibrosis biomarker panels. A new diagnostic criterion was created and validated in a second, independent cohort. Results 12 of 114 patient classified as CFLD according to the European Cystic Fibrosis Society best practice guidelines. No specific risk factors for development of CFLD were identified. Liver enzymes were elevated in patients with CFLD. Serum biomarker panels did not improve diagnostic criteria. LSM accurately predicted CFLD. A new diagnostic criterion was proposed and validated in a separate cohort, accurately predicating CFLD in 10 of 32 patients (31 %). Conclusion We present a cohort of patients with CF assessed for the presence of liver fibrosis using blood biomarkers and LSM based platforms. We propose a new, simplified diagnostic criteria, capable of accurately predicting liver disease in patients with CF.Clinical trials number: NCT04277819.
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Circadian Disruption Primes Myofibroblasts for Accelerated Activation as a Mechanism Underpinning Fibrotic Progression in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cells 2023; 12:1582. [PMID: 37371052 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm governs many aspects of liver physiology and its disruption exacerbates chronic disease. CLOCKΔ19 mice disrupted circadian rhythm and spontaneously developed obesity and metabolic syndrome, a phenotype that parallels the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD represents an increasing health burden with an estimated incidence of around 25% and is associated with an increased risk of progression towards inflammation, fibrosis and carcinomas. Excessive extracellular matrix deposition (fibrosis) is the key driver of chronic disease progression. However, little attention was paid to the impact of disrupted circadian rhythm in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) which are the primary mediator of fibrotic ECM deposition. Here, we showed in vitro and in vivo that liver fibrosis is significantly increased when circadian rhythm is disrupted by CLOCK mutation. Quiescent HSCs from CLOCKΔ19 mice showed higher expression of RhoGDI pathway components and accelerated activation. Genes altered in this primed CLOCKΔ19 qHSC state may provide biomarkers for early liver disease detection, and include AOC3, which correlated with disease severity in patient serum samples. Integration of CLOCKΔ19 microarray data with ATAC-seq data from WT qHSCs suggested a potential CLOCK regulome promoting a quiescent state and downregulating genes involved in cell projection assembly. CLOCKΔ19 mice showed higher baseline COL1 deposition and significantly worse fibrotic injury after CCl4 treatment. Our data demonstrate that disruption to circadian rhythm primes HSCs towards an accelerated fibrotic response which worsens liver disease.
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Integrating spatial transcriptomics with single-cell RNASeq provides mechanistic insight into SOX9 mediated cardiac fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.08.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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5
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SOX9 is required for kidney fibrosis and activates NAV3 to drive renal myofibroblast function. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/672/eabb4282. [PMID: 33653921 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abb4282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common end point for kidney injury and many chronic kidney diseases. Fibrogenesis depends on the sustained activation of myofibroblasts, which deposit the extracellular matrix that causes progressive scarring and organ failure. Here, we showed that the transcription factor SOX9 was associated with kidney fibrosis in humans and required for experimentally induced kidney fibrosis in mice. From genome-wide analysis, we identified Neuron navigator 3 (NAV3) as acting downstream of SOX9 in kidney fibrosis. NAV3 increased in abundance and colocalized with SOX9 after renal injury in mice, and both SOX9 and NAV3 were present in diseased human kidneys. In an in vitro model of renal pericyte transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts, we demonstrated that NAV3 was required for multiple aspects of fibrogenesis, including actin polymerization linked to cell migration and sustained activation of the mechanosensitive transcription factor YAP1. In summary, our work identifies a SOX9-NAV3-YAP1 axis involved in the progression of kidney fibrosis and points to NAV3 as a potential target for pharmacological intervention.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major and increasing health burden, with the potential to overwhelm hepatology services. However, only a minority of patients develop advanced liver disease. The challenge is early identification of patients at risk of progression. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the genetic predisposition to NAFLD, and its implications for prognostication and risk stratification. RECENT FINDINGS PNPLA3-I148M is the most robustly associated genetic variant with NAFLD. Recently, variants in TM6SF2, MBOAT7, GCKR and HSD17B13 have also been implicated. NAFLD is a complex disease, and any one genetic variant alone is insufficient for risk stratification, but combining multiple genetic variants with other parameters is a promising strategy. It is anticipated that, in the near future, analysis of data from large-scale prospective cohorts will reveal NAFLD subtypes and enable the development of prognostic models. This will facilitate risk stratification of patients, enabling optimisation of resources to effectively manage the NAFLD epidemic.
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P309 FibroScan improves diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis-Related Liver Disease. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30602-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Vitamin C Requirements of Native Mine Labourers. An Experimental Study. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2011; 2:143-7. [PMID: 20783222 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.4152.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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9
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The evolution of sports medicine. SEMINARS IN ADOLESCENT MEDICINE 1987; 3:163-7. [PMID: 3685658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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10
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Otto Warburg 1883-1970. A personal appreciation. TRANSACTIONS & STUDIES OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF PHILADELPHIA 1983; 5:67-75. [PMID: 6340264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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11
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Professor A. V. Hill. A personal tribute. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1980; 20:465-8. [PMID: 7017274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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12
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Sherrington, His Life and Thought. TRANSACTIONS & STUDIES OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF PHILADELPHIA 1980; 2:223-35. [PMID: 7003838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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13
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Medicine, science and sport. TRANSACTIONS & STUDIES OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF PHILADELPHIA 1980; 2:81-9. [PMID: 6999683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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14
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Briefly: a response to Dr. Friedman. Dangers of jogging. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1979; 33:165-7. [PMID: 543484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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The athletic status of women. An analysis of a social phenomenon, by Ernest Jokl, M.D. Reprinted from "The British Journal of Physical Medicine" - November, 1957. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1979; 33:103-10. [PMID: 574710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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16
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World records in running and swimming--re-evaluation of data. Br J Sports Med 1978; 12:37-8. [PMID: 630179 PMCID: PMC1859627 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.12.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Athletic records. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1977; 31:159-64. [PMID: 602905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Running and swimming world records. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1977; 17:213-29. [PMID: 592775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Two world records. A comparison the 8.13 m long jump of Jesse Owens 1935, and the 8.90 m jump by Bob Beamon 1968. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1977; 31:41-3. [PMID: 855784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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90th birthday of Professor A. V. Hill. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1976; 16:349. [PMID: 796587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Running and swimming world records. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1976; 30:139-42. [PMID: 983912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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The contribution of sports medicine to clinical cardiology. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1975; 29:97-111. [PMID: 1136929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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[Neurologic concepts concerning rehabilitation and performance sport]. ARZTLICHE JUGENDKUNDE 1975; 66:79-82. [PMID: 1121944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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sports medicine. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1974; 28:172-82. [PMID: 4447069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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The immunological status of athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1974; 14:165-7. [PMID: 4444297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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27
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Piano music for the one-handed with remarks on the role of art in rehabilitation. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1974; 28:11-23. [PMID: 4274781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Physique and performance. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1973; 27:99-111 passim. [PMID: 4732216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Weightlifting records. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1973; 13:96-9. [PMID: 4731376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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30
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Analysis of winning times of track races for men in Mexico City 1968 and Munich 1972. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1973; 27:9-11. [PMID: 4688830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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31
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Physical Activity and Aging. Br J Sports Med 1972. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.6.3-4.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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32
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Weight lifting records. II. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1972; 26:112-4. [PMID: 4653108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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33
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Weightlifting records. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1972; 26:12-4. [PMID: 5013732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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[Sudden death in sports]. DIE MEDIZINISCHE WELT 1971; 8:296-9. [PMID: 5549128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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36
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Exercise and cardiac death. JAMA 1970; 213:1489-91. [PMID: 5468458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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37
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[Sinus and nodal bradycardia with interference dissociation in an athlete]. VNITRNI LEKARSTVI 1969; 15:1172-3. [PMID: 5369082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Marked sinus and A-V nodal bradycardia with interference-dissociation in an athlete. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1969; 9:128-9. [PMID: 5802964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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40
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Congenital anomalies of coronary arteries as cause of sudden death associated with physical exertion. Am J Clin Pathol 1968; 50:229-33. [PMID: 5673087 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/50.2.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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41
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Ergometric fitness evaluation of 86 physicians. AMERICAN CORRECTIVE THERAPY JOURNAL 1968; 22:60-7. [PMID: 5648919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Historical notes on doping: with special reference to some early observations at altitude. JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR PHYSICAL AND MENTAL REHABILITATION 1967; 21:85-6. [PMID: 4859736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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45
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Complete congenital heart block in an athlete. JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR PHYSICAL AND MENTAL REHABILITATION 1967; 21:54-55. [PMID: 6045115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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46
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Congenital anomalies of the coronary artery in young men who died suddenly in association with exercise. JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR PHYSICAL AND MENTAL REHABILITATION 1966; 20:193-6. [PMID: 5979292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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47
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48
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Athletic participation, social status, behavior, academic performance and mental health. JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR PHYSICAL AND MENTAL REHABILITATION 1965; 19:159-61. [PMID: 5828760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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49
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Indisposition after running. MED SPORT 1965; 5:363-9. [PMID: 5842406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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50
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Aviation Medicine. West J Med 1943. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.4299.677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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