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Metzkes-Ng J, Brack FE, Kroll F, Bernert C, Bock S, Bodenstein E, Brand M, Cowan TE, Gebhardt R, Hans S, Helbig U, Horst F, Jansen J, Kraft SD, Krause M, Leßmann E, Löck S, Pawelke J, Püschel T, Reimold M, Rehwald M, Richter C, Schlenvoigt HP, Schramm U, Schürer M, Seco J, Szabó ER, Umlandt MEP, Zeil K, Ziegler T, Beyreuther E. The DRESDEN PLATFORM is a research hub for ultra-high dose rate radiobiology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20611. [PMID: 37996453 PMCID: PMC10667545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The recently observed FLASH effect describes the observation of normal tissue protection by ultra-high dose rates (UHDR), or dose delivery in a fraction of a second, at similar tumor-killing efficacy of conventional dose delivery and promises great benefits for radiotherapy patients. Dedicated studies are now necessary to define a robust set of dose application parameters for FLASH radiotherapy and to identify underlying mechanisms. These studies require particle accelerators with variable temporal dose application characteristics for numerous radiation qualities, equipped for preclinical radiobiological research. Here we present the DRESDEN PLATFORM, a research hub for ultra-high dose rate radiobiology. By uniting clinical and research accelerators with radiobiology infrastructure and know-how, the DRESDEN PLATFORM offers a unique environment for studying the FLASH effect. We introduce its experimental capabilities and demonstrate the platform's suitability for systematic investigation of FLASH by presenting results from a concerted in vivo radiobiology study with zebrafish embryos. The comparative pre-clinical study was conducted across one electron and two proton accelerator facilities, including an advanced laser-driven proton source applied for FLASH-relevant in vivo irradiations for the first time. The data show a protective effect of UHDR irradiation up to [Formula: see text] and suggests consistency of the protective effect even at escalated dose rates of [Formula: see text]. With the first clinical FLASH studies underway, research facilities like the DRESDEN PLATFORM, addressing the open questions surrounding FLASH, are essential to accelerate FLASH's translation into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Florian Kroll
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Constantin Bernert
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Bock
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Bodenstein
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Brand
- Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence - Physics of Life, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas E Cowan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - René Gebhardt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Hans
- Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence - Physics of Life, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uwe Helbig
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Horst
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jeannette Jansen
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Mechthild Krause
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC), Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Medizinische Fakultät and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Löck
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Pawelke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Christian Richter
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Schramm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Schürer
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC), Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Medizinische Fakultät and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Joao Seco
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emília Rita Szabó
- ELI ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marvin E P Umlandt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karl Zeil
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tim Ziegler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke Beyreuther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.
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Karsch L, Pawelke J, Brand M, Hans S, Hideghéty K, Jansen J, Lessmann E, Löck S, Schürer M, Schurig R, Seco J, Szabó ER, Beyreuther E. Beam pulse structure and dose rate as determinants for the flash effect observed in zebrafish embryo. Radiother Oncol 2022; 173:49-54. [PMID: 35661675 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Continuing recent experiments at the research electron accelerator ELBE at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf the influence of beam pulse structure on the Flash effect was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The proton beam pulse structure of an isochronous cyclotron (UHDRiso) and a synchrocyclotron (UHDRsynchro) was mimicked at ELBE by quasi-continuous electron bunches at 13 MHz delivering mean dose rates of 287 Gy/s and 177 Gy/s and bunch dose rates of 106Gy/s and 109 Gy/s, respectively. For UHDRsynchro, 40 ms macro pulses at a frequency of 25 Hz superimposed the bunch delivery. For comparison, a maximum beam intensity (2.5 x 105 Gy/s mean and ∼109 Gy/s bunch dose rate) and a reference irradiation (of ∼8 Gy/min mean dose rate) were applied. Radiation induced changes were assessed in zebrafish embryos over four days post irradiation. RESULTS Relative to the reference a significant protecting Flash effect was observed for all electron beam pulse regimes with less severe damage the higher the mean dose rate of the electron beam. Accordingly, the macro pulsing induced prolongation of treatment time at UHDRsynchro regime reduces the protecting effect compared to the maximum regime delivered at same bunch but higher mean dose rate. The Flash effect of the UHDRiso regime was confirmed at a clinical isochronous cyclotron comparing the damage induced by proton beams delivered at 300 Gy/s and ∼9 Gy/min. CONCLUSION The recent findings indicate that the mean dose rate or treatment time are decisive for the normal tissue protecting Flash effect in zebrafish embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Karsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Pawelke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Brand
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), and Cluster of Excellence 'Physics of Life', Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Hans
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), and Cluster of Excellence 'Physics of Life', Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katalin Hideghéty
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary; Oncotherapy Department, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jeannette Jansen
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Lessmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schürer
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC), Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rico Schurig
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Joao Seco
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | | | - Elke Beyreuther
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany.
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3
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Brunner S, Varga D, Bozó R, Polanek R, Tőkés T, Szabó ER, Molnár R, Gémes N, Szebeni GJ, Puskás LG, Erdélyi M, Hideghéty K. Analysis of Ionizing Radiation Induced DNA Damage by Superresolution dSTORM Microscopy. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 27:1609971. [PMID: 35370480 PMCID: PMC8966514 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The quantitative detection of radiation caused DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) by immunostained γ-H2AX foci using direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) provides a deeper insight into the DNA repair process at nanoscale in a time-dependent manner. Glioblastoma (U251) cells were irradiated with 250 keV X-ray at 0, 2, 5, 8 Gy dose levels. Cell cycle phase distribution and apoptosis of U251 cells upon irradiation was assayed by flow cytometry. We studied the density, topology and volume of the γ-H2AX foci with 3D confocal microscopy and the dSTORM superresolution method. A pronounced increase in γ-H2AX foci and cluster density was detected by 3D confocal microscopy after 2 Gy, at 30 min postirradiation, but both returned to the control level at 24 h. Meanwhile, at 24 h a considerable amount of residual foci could be measured from 5 Gy, which returned to the normal level 48 h later. The dSTORM based γ-H2AX analysis revealed that the micron-sized γ-H2AX foci are composed of distinct smaller units with a few tens of nanometers. The density of these clusters, the epitope number and the dynamics of γ-H2AX foci loss could be analyzed. Our findings suggest a discrete level of repair enzyme capacity and the restart of the repair process for the residual DSBs, even beyond 24 h. The dSTORM superresolution technique provides a higher precision over 3D confocal microscopy to study radiation induced γ-H2AX foci and molecular rearrangements during the repair process, opening a novel perspective for radiation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Brunner
- Biomedical Applications Group, ELI-ALPS Research Institute, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dániel Varga
- Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Bozó
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Polanek
- Biomedical Applications Group, ELI-ALPS Research Institute, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tünde Tőkés
- Biomedical Applications Group, ELI-ALPS Research Institute, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Emília Rita Szabó
- Biomedical Applications Group, ELI-ALPS Research Institute, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Réka Molnár
- Biomedical Applications Group, ELI-ALPS Research Institute, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Gémes
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor J Szebeni
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László G Puskás
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Miklós Erdélyi
- Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Hideghéty
- Biomedical Applications Group, ELI-ALPS Research Institute, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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4
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Pawelke J, Brand M, Hans S, Hideghéty K, Karsch L, Lessmann E, Löck S, Schürer M, Szabó ER, Beyreuther E. Electron dose rate and oxygen depletion protect zebrafish embryos from radiation damage. Radiother Oncol 2021; 158:7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Brack FE, Kroll F, Gaus L, Bernert C, Beyreuther E, Cowan TE, Karsch L, Kraft S, Kunz-Schughart LA, Lessmann E, Metzkes-Ng J, Obst-Huebl L, Pawelke J, Rehwald M, Schlenvoigt HP, Schramm U, Sobiella M, Szabó ER, Ziegler T, Zeil K. Publisher Correction: Spectral and spatial shaping of laser-driven proton beams using a pulsed high-field magnet beamline. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13403. [PMID: 32753596 PMCID: PMC7403415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Florian-Emanuel Brack
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany. .,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Florian Kroll
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lennart Gaus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Constantin Bernert
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke Beyreuther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas E Cowan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leonhard Karsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Kraft
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leoni A Kunz-Schughart
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Lieselotte Obst-Huebl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jörg Pawelke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Rehwald
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Schramm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Emília Rita Szabó
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Wolfgang Sandner utca 3, Szeged, 6728, Hungary
| | - Tim Ziegler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karl Zeil
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
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6
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Brack FE, Kroll F, Gaus L, Bernert C, Beyreuther E, Cowan TE, Karsch L, Kraft S, Kunz-Schughart LA, Lessmann E, Metzkes-Ng J, Obst-Huebl L, Pawelke J, Rehwald M, Schlenvoigt HP, Schramm U, Sobiella M, Szabó ER, Ziegler T, Zeil K. Spectral and spatial shaping of laser-driven proton beams using a pulsed high-field magnet beamline. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9118. [PMID: 32499539 PMCID: PMC7272427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65775-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Intense laser-driven proton pulses, inherently broadband and highly divergent, pose a challenge to established beamline concepts on the path to application-adapted irradiation field formation, particularly for 3D. Here we experimentally show the successful implementation of a highly efficient (50% transmission) and tuneable dual pulsed solenoid setup to generate a homogeneous (laterally and in depth) volumetric dose distribution (cylindrical volume of 5 mm diameter and depth) at a single pulse dose of 0.7 Gy via multi-energy slice selection from the broad input spectrum. The experiments were conducted at the Petawatt beam of the Dresden Laser Acceleration Source Draco and were aided by a predictive simulation model verified by proton transport studies. With the characterised beamline we investigated manipulation and matching of lateral and depth dose profiles to various desired applications and targets. Using an adapted dose profile, we performed a first proof-of-technical-concept laser-driven proton irradiation of volumetric in-vitro tumour tissue (SAS spheroids) to demonstrate concurrent operation of laser accelerator, beam shaping, dosimetry and irradiation procedure of volumetric biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian-Emanuel Brack
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany. .,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Florian Kroll
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lennart Gaus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Constantin Bernert
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke Beyreuther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas E Cowan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leonhard Karsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Kraft
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leoni A Kunz-Schughart
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Lieselotte Obst-Huebl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Jörg Pawelke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Rehwald
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Schramm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Emília Rita Szabó
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Wolfgang Sandner utca 3, Szeged, H-6728, Hungary
| | - Tim Ziegler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karl Zeil
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
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Beyreuther E, Brand M, Hans S, Hideghéty K, Karsch L, Leßmann E, Schürer M, Szabó ER, Pawelke J. Feasibility of proton FLASH effect tested by zebrafish embryo irradiation. Radiother Oncol 2019; 139:46-50. [PMID: 31266652 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Motivated by first animal trials showing the normal tissue protecting effect of electron and photon Flash irradiation, i.e. at mean dose rates of 100 Gy/s and higher, relative to conventional beam delivery over minutes the feasibility of proton Flash should be assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS A setup and beam parameter settings for the treatment of zebrafish embryo with proton Flash and proton beams of conventional dose rate were established at the University Proton Therapy Dresden. Zebrafish embryos were treated with graded doses and the differential effect on embryonic survival and the induction of morphological malformations was followed for up to four days after irradiation. RESULTS Beam parameters for the realization of proton Flash were set and tested with respect to controlled dose delivery to biological samples. Analyzing the dose dependent embryonic survival and the rate of spinal curvature as one type of developmental abnormality, no significant influence of proton dose rate was revealed. For the rate of pericardial edema as acute radiation effect, a significant difference (p < 0.05) between proton Flash and protons delivered at conventional dose rate of 5 Gy/min was observed for one dose point only. CONCLUSION The feasibility of Flash proton irradiation was successfully shown, whereas more experiments are required to confirm the presence or absence of a protecting effect and to figure out the limits and requirements for the Flash effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Beyreuther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany.
| | - Michael Brand
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengeneering (CMCB), DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Hans
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengeneering (CMCB), DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Katalin Hideghéty
- Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Leonhard Karsch
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Leßmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Germany
| | | | - Emília Rita Szabó
- Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jörg Pawelke
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Germany
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Szabó ER, Brand M, Hans S, Hideghéty K, Karsch L, Lessmann E, Pawelke J, Schürer M, Beyreuther E. Radiobiological effects and proton RBE determined by wildtype zebrafish embryos. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206879. [PMID: 30408095 PMCID: PMC6224071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing use of proton radiotherapy during the last decade and the rising number of long-term survivors has given rise to a vital discussion on potential effects on normal tissue. So far, deviations from clinically applied generic RBE (relative biological effectiveness) of 1.1 were only obtained by in vitro studies, whereas indications from in vivo trials and clinical studies are rare. In the present work, wildtype zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) were used to characterize the effects of plateau and mid-SOBP (spread-out Bragg peak) proton radiation relative to that induced by clinical MV photon beam reference. Based on embryonic survival data, RBE values of 1.13 ± 0.08 and of 1.20 ± 0.04 were determined four days after irradiations with 20 Gy plateau and SOBP protons relative to 6 MV photon beams. These RBE values were confirmed by relating the rates of embryos with morphological abnormalities for the respective radiation qualities and doses. Besides survival, the rate of spine bending, as one type of developmental abnormality, and of pericardial edema, as an example for acute radiation effects, were assessed. The results revealed that independent on radiation quality both rates increased with time approaching almost 100% at the 4th day post irradiation with doses higher than 15 Gy. To sum up, the applicability of the zebrafish embryo as a robust and simple alternative model for in vivo characterization of radiobiological effects in normal tissue was validated and the obtained RBE values are comparable to previous finding in animal trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emília Rita Szabó
- Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Michael Brand
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengeneering (CMCB), DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Hans
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengeneering (CMCB), DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katalin Hideghéty
- Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Leonhard Karsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Lessmann
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Pawelke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Schürer
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), partner site Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke Beyreuther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
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Szabó ER, Reisz Z, Polanek R, Tőkés T, Czifrus S, Pesznyák C, Biró B, Fenyvesi A, Király B, Molnár J, Brunner S, Daroczi B, Varga Z, Hideghéty K. A novel vertebrate system for the examination and direct comparison of the relative biological effectiveness for different radiation qualities and sources. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:985-995. [PMID: 30332320 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1511928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The recent rapid increase of hadron therapy applications requires the development of high performance, reliable in vivo models for preclinical research on the biological effects of high linear energy transfer (LET) particle radiation. AIM The aim of this paper was to test the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of the zebrafish embryo system at two neutron facilities. MATERIAL AND METHODS Series of viable zebrafish embryos at 24-hour post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to single fraction, whole-body, photon and neutron (reactor fission neutrons (<En = 1 MeV>) and (p (18 MeV)+Be, <En> = 3.5 MeV) fast neutron) irradiation. The survival and morphologic abnormalities of each embryo were assessed at 24-hour intervals from the point of fertilization up to 192 hpf and then compared to conventional 6 MV photon beam irradiation results. RESULTS The higher energy of the fast neutron beams represents lower RBE (ref. source LINAC 6 MV photon). The lethality rate in the zebrafish embryo model was 10 times higher for 1 MeV fission neutrons and 2.5 times greater for p (18 MeV)+Be cyclotron generated fast neutron beam when compared to photon irradiation results. Dose-dependent organ perturbations (shortening of the body length, spine curvature, microcephaly, micro-ophthalmia, pericardial edema and inhibition of yolk sac resorption) and microscopic (marked cellular changes in eyes, brain, liver, muscle and the gastrointestinal system) changes scale together with the dose response. CONCLUSION The zebrafish embryo system is a powerful and versatile model for assessing the effect of ionizing radiation with different LET values on viability, organ and tissue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Szabó
- a Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Z Reisz
- b Department of Pathology , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - R Polanek
- a Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Szeged , Hungary
| | - T Tőkés
- a Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Sz Czifrus
- c Budapest University of Technology and Economics Institute of Nuclear Techniques , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Cs Pesznyák
- c Budapest University of Technology and Economics Institute of Nuclear Techniques , Budapest , Hungary
| | - B Biró
- d Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Nuclear Research (MTA Atomki) , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - A Fenyvesi
- d Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Nuclear Research (MTA Atomki) , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - B Király
- d Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Nuclear Research (MTA Atomki) , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - J Molnár
- d Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Nuclear Research (MTA Atomki) , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Sz Brunner
- a Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Szeged , Hungary
| | - B Daroczi
- e Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Z Varga
- f Department of Oncotherapy , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - K Hideghéty
- a Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Szeged , Hungary.,f Department of Oncotherapy , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
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Szabó ER, Plangár I, Tőkés T, Mán I, Polanek R, Kovács R, Fekete G, Szabó Z, Csenki Z, Baska F, Hideghéty K. l-Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine as a Potential Radioprotective Agent in Zebrafish Embryo Model. Zebrafish 2016; 13:481-488. [PMID: 27486826 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2016.1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work establishes the zebrafish embryo model for ionizing radiation (IR) modifier research and also evaluates the protective effect of l-alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC). Embryos were exposed to a single-fraction whole-body gamma irradiation (5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy) at different postfertilization time points and were serially assessed for viability and macro- and micromorphologic abnormalities. After toxicity evaluation, 194 μM of GPC was added for certain groups with 3-h incubation before the radiation. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expression changes were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. A higher sensitivity could be observed at earlier stages of the embryogenesis. The lethal dose (LD50) for 6 hours postfertilization (hpf) embryos was 15 Gy and for 24 hpf was 20 Gy on day 7, respectively. GPC administration resulted in a significant improvement in both the distortion rate and survival of the 24 hpf embryos. Qualitative evaluation of the histological changes confirmed the protective effect of GPC. IL-1β and NF-κB overexpression due to 10 Gy irradiation was also reduced by GPC. GPC exhibited promising radioprotective effects in our zebrafish embryo model, decreasing the irradiation-induced morphological damage and lethality with significant reduction of IR-caused pro-inflammatory activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emília Rita Szabó
- 1 Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imola Plangár
- 2 MTA-SE NAP B Cognitive Translational Behavioural Pharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tünde Tőkés
- 1 Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary .,3 Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged , Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imola Mán
- 4 Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged , Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Polanek
- 1 Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Kovács
- 5 Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Szent István University of Gödöllő , Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Gábor Fekete
- 4 Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged , Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szabó
- 1 Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary .,4 Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged , Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Csenki
- 5 Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Szent István University of Gödöllő , Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Baska
- 6 Department of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Szent István University , Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Hideghéty
- 1 Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary .,4 Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged , Szeged, Hungary
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