Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Prosthesis Embodiment Scale for Lower Limb Amputees

BACKGROUND

Prosthetic embodiment is the perception of the prosthesis as a part of the body, and it is important for acceptance and adequate and effective use of the prosthesis.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Prosthesis Embodiment Scale for Lower Limb Amputees.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included a total of 88 lower limb amputees. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach α coefficient. The test-retest reliability of the scale, which was reapplied after 7-10 d, was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient. Principal component analysis with Varimax rotation was used to analyze the factor structure. Spearman correlation coefficient with Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scale subscales was calculated for concurrent validity.

RESULTS

The mean age of the participants was 45.13 ± 15.05 years, and 76.1% were male. Internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.905) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.822) were high. 76.1% of the total variance could be explained by the 3 dimensions. Significant correlation was found with the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scale subscales (r = 0.542 for psychosocial adjustment subscale, r = -0.452 for activity restriction subscale, r = 0.490 for prosthesis satisfaction subscale, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study showed that the Turkish version of the Prosthesis Embodiment Scale for Lower Limb Amputees is a valid and reliable tool that can be used to evaluate prosthetic rehabilitation outcomes.

Investigation of the correlation between knee joint position sense and physical functional performance in individuals with transtibial amputation

INTRODUCTION

In individuals with transtibial amputation, the distal part of the lower extremity is lost. Therefore, the knee joint is of greater importance to be able to provide physical performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between knee joint position sense and physical functional performance in individuals with transtibial amputation.

METHODS

The study included 21 subjects with transtibial amputation. A digital inclinometer was used to evaluate the joint position sense of the amputated side knee joint. The timed up and go test, the 4-square step test, and 10-m walk test were used to evaluate physical functional performance. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the associations between independent variables and functional performance tests.

RESULTS

The mean age of the participants was 52.52 ± 15.68 years. The mean of the error in knee joint position sense was 5.33 degree (standard deviation = 3.08 degree). The error in knee joint position sense of the amputated limb predicted 45% of the variance in the 4-square step test and 22% of the variance in the 10-m walk test ( P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The knee joint position sense on the amputated side was found to be associated with physical functional performance in individuals with transtibial amputation. Residual limb knee joint position sense should be considered when prescribing prostheses and planning rehabilitation programs.

An examination of first aid knowledge levels of physiotherapists

BACKGROUND

Physiotherapists who work with high-risk patient groups may face unexpected situations and complications during their professional practice that requires first aid knowledge. Clinicians may also use this first aid knowledge in public life.

OBJECTIVE

This study was planned to evaluate the first aid knowledge levels and first aid proficiency perceptions of physiotherapists and to make suggestions in the light of the results obtained.

METHODS

The data collection process of this cross-sectional study was carried out between March 1 and May 7, 2022. The sample of the study consisted of 224 physiotherapists (168 women), and the data were obtained with the help of an online questionnaire disseminated via Google Forms. The content of the questionnaire presented to the participants consisted of demographic information, institutions and units where they worked, inquiries about receiving first aid training, the content of these trainings, and 26 statements testing basic first aid knowledge.

RESULTS

It was found that 25.4% (n:57) of the physiotherapists had provided first aid to someone before, whereas 81.2% (n:182) did not feel competent in applying first aid. Physiotherapists who received first aid training had a higher perception of competence. The median of the total number of correct answers obtained from the 26-statement questionnaire designed to evaluate the first aid knowledge levels was 19 (12-25), and the total number of correct answers of 33.5% (n:75) of the physiotherapists was below the median. There was no significant relationship between the age and tenure in the profession of the physiotherapists participating in the study and the total number of correct answers in the questionnaire (p > .05).

CONCLUSION

The physiotherapists included in the study had low self-efficacy, knowledge, and skills in applying first aid. In this area, there is a need for structured practices and training to increase the first aid knowledge and competencies of physiotherapists.