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Egli-Spichtig D, Imenez Silva PH, Glaudemans B, Gehring N, Bettoni C, Zhang MYH, Pastor-Arroyo EM, Schönenberger D, Rajski M, Hoogewijs D, Knauf F, Misselwitz B, Frey-Wagner I, Rogler G, Ackermann D, Ponte B, Pruijm M, Leichtle A, Fiedler GM, Bochud M, Ballotta V, Hofmann S, Perwad F, Föller M, Lang F, Wenger RH, Frew I, Wagner CA. Tumor necrosis factor stimulates fibroblast growth factor 23 levels in chronic kidney disease and non-renal inflammation. Kidney Int 2019; 96:890-905. [PMID: 31301888 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) regulates phosphate homeostasis, and its early rise in patients with chronic kidney disease is independently associated with all-cause mortality. Since inflammation is characteristic of chronic kidney disease and associates with increased plasma FGF23 we examined whether inflammation directly stimulates FGF23. In a population-based cohort, plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was the only inflammatory cytokine that independently and positively correlated with plasma FGF23. Mouse models of chronic kidney disease showed signs of renal inflammation, renal FGF23 expression and elevated systemic FGF23 levels. Renal FGF23 expression coincided with expression of the orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 regulating FGF23 in other organs. Antibody-mediated neutralization of TNF normalized plasma FGF23 and suppressed ectopic renal Fgf23 expression. Conversely, TNF administration to control mice increased plasma FGF23 without altering plasma phosphate. Moreover, in Il10-deficient mice with inflammatory bowel disease and normal kidney function, plasma FGF23 was elevated and normalized upon TNF neutralization. Thus, the inflammatory cytokine TNF contributes to elevated systemic FGF23 levels and also triggers ectopic renal Fgf23 expression in animal models of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Egli-Spichtig
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Pedro Henrique Imenez Silva
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bob Glaudemans
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Gehring
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carla Bettoni
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Y H Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eva M Pastor-Arroyo
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Désirée Schönenberger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michal Rajski
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Hoogewijs
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Knauf
- Division of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Misselwitz
- University Hospital Zurich, Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Frey-Wagner
- University Hospital Zurich, Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- University Hospital Zurich, Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ackermann
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Belen Ponte
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Menno Pruijm
- Department of Nephrology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Leichtle
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Georg-Martin Fiedler
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Virginia Ballotta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Hofmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Farzana Perwad
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael Föller
- Institute of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Roland H Wenger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ian Frew
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR-Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Kägi L, Bettoni C, Pastor-Arroyo EM, Schnitzbauer U, Hernando N, Wagner CA. Regulation of vitamin D metabolizing enzymes in murine renal and extrarenal tissues by dietary phosphate, FGF23, and 1,25(OH)2D3. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195427. [PMID: 29771914 PMCID: PMC5957386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) together with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) regulates calcium (Ca2+) and phosphate (Pi) homeostasis, 1,25(OH)2D3 synthesis is mediated by hydroxylases of the cytochrome P450 (Cyp) family. Vitamin D is first modified in the liver by the 25-hydroxylases CYP2R1 and CYP27A1 and further activated in the kidney by the 1α-hydroxylase CYP27B1, while the renal 24-hydroxylase CYP24A1 catalyzes the first step of its inactivation. While the kidney is the main organ responsible for circulating levels of active 1,25(OH)2D3, other organs also express some of these enzymes. Their regulation, however, has been studied less. Methods and results Here we investigated the effect of several Pi-regulating factors including dietary Pi, PTH and FGF23 on the expression of the vitamin D hydroxylases and the vitamin D receptor VDR in renal and extrarenal tissues of mice. We found that with the exception of Cyp24a1, all the other analyzed mRNAs show a wide tissue distribution. High dietary Pi mainly upregulated the hepatic expression of Cyp27a1 and Cyp2r1 without changing plasma 1,25(OH)2D3. FGF23 failed to regulate the expression of any of the studied hydroxylases at the used dosage and treatment length. As expected, renal mRNA expression of Cyp27b1 was reduced and Cyp24a1 was increased in response to 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. However, the 25-hydroxylases were rather unaffected by 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. Conclusions The analyzed vitamin D hydroxylases are regulated in a tissue and treatment-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Kägi
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- National Center for Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH
| | - Carla Bettoni
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- National Center for Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH
| | - Eva M. Pastor-Arroyo
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- National Center for Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH
| | - Udo Schnitzbauer
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- National Center for Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH
| | - Nati Hernando
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- National Center for Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH
| | - Carsten A. Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- National Center for Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH
- * E-mail:
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Garcia-Recio S, Pastor-Arroyo EM, Marín-Aguilera M, Almendro V, Gascón P. The Transmodulation of HER2 and EGFR by Substance P in Breast Cancer Cells Requires c-Src and Metalloproteinase Activation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129661. [PMID: 26114632 PMCID: PMC4482606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Substance P (SP) is a pleiotropic cytokine/neuropeptide that enhances breast cancer (BC) aggressiveness by transactivating tyrosine kinase receptors like EGFR and HER2. We previously showed that SP and its cognate receptor NK-1 (SP/NK1-R) signaling modulates the basal phosphorylation of HER2 and EGFR in BC, increasing aggressiveness and drug resistance. In order to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for NK-1R-mediated HER2 and EGFR transactivation, we investigated the involvement of c-Src (a ligand-independent mediator) and of metalloproteinases (ligand-dependent mediators) in HER2/EGFR activation. Results and Discussion Overexpression of NK-1R in MDA-MB-231 and its chemical inhibition in SK-BR-3, BT-474 and MDA-MB-468 BC cells significantly modulated c-Src activation, suggesting that this protein is a mediator of NK-1R signaling. In addition, the c-Src inhibitor 4-(4’-phenoxyanilino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline prevented SP-induced activation of HER2. On the other hand, SP-dependent phosphorylation of HER2 and EGFR decreased substantially in the presence of the MMP inhibitor 1–10, phenanthroline monohydrate, and the dual inhibition of both c-Src and MMP almost abolished the activation of HER2 and EGFR. Moreover, the use of these inhibitors demonstrated that this Src and MMP-dependent signaling is important to the cell viability and migration capacity of HER2+ and EGFR+ cell lines. Conclusion Our results indicate that the transactivation of HER2 and EGFR by the pro-inflammatory cytokine/neuropeptide SP in BC cells is a c-Src and MMP-dependent process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Garcia-Recio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (SGR); (PG)
| | - Eva M. Pastor-Arroyo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Marín-Aguilera
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Almendro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Gascón
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (SGR); (PG)
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Zubeldia-Plazaola A, Ametller E, Mancino M, Prats de Puig M, López-Plana A, Guzman F, Vinyals L, Pastor-Arroyo EM, Almendro V, Fuster G, Gascón P. Comparison of methods for the isolation of human breast epithelial and myoepithelial cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2015; 3:32. [PMID: 26052514 PMCID: PMC4440402 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2015.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two lineages, epithelial, and myoepithelial cells are the main cell populations in the normal mammary gland and in breast cancer. Traditionally, cancer research has been performed using commercial cell lines, but primary cell cultures obtained from fresh breast tissue are a powerful tool to study more reliably new aspects of mammary gland biology, including normal and pathological conditions. Nevertheless, the methods described to date have some technical problems in terms of cell viability and yield, which hamper work with primary mammary cells. Therefore, there is a need to optimize technology for the proper isolation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. For this reason, we compared four methods in an effort to improve the isolation and primary cell culture of different cell populations of human mammary epithelium. The samples were obtained from healthy tissue of patients who had undergone mammoplasty or mastectomy surgery. We based our approaches on previously described methods, and incorporated additional steps to ameliorate technical efficiency and increase cell survival. We determined cell growth and viability by phase-contrast images, growth curve analysis and cell yield, and identified cell-lineage specific markers by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence in 3D cell cultures. These techniques allowed us to better evaluate the functional capabilities of these two main mammary lineages, using CD227/K19 (epithelial cells) and CD10/K14 (myoepithelial cells) antigens. Our results show that slow digestion at low enzymatic concentration combined with the differential centrifugation technique is the method that best fits the main goal of the present study: protocol efficiency and cell survival yield. In summary, we propose some guidelines to establish primary mammary epithelial cell lines more efficiently and to provide us with a strong research instrument to better understand the role of different epithelial cell types in the origin of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantzazu Zubeldia-Plazaola
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Spain ; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Ametller
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario Mancino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anna López-Plana
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Spain
| | - Flavia Guzman
- Histopathology-Citology, Anatomical Pathology Service, Centro Medico Teknon Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Vinyals
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva M Pastor-Arroyo
- Kidney and Acid-base Physiology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Almendro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Spain ; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gemma Fuster
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Gascón
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Spain ; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Spain
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Garcia-Recio S, Fuster G, Fernandez-Nogueira P, Pastor-Arroyo EM, Park SY, Mayordomo C, Ametller E, Mancino M, Gonzalez-Farre X, Russnes HG, Engel P, Costamagna D, Fernandez PL, Gascón P, Almendro V. Substance P autocrine signaling contributes to persistent HER2 activation that drives malignant progression and drug resistance in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2013; 73:6424-34. [PMID: 24030979 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-4573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ERBB receptor transmodulation by heterologous G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) generates functional diversity in signal transduction. Tachykinins are neuropeptides and proinflammatory cytokines that promote cell survival and cancer progression by activating several GPCRs. In this work, we found that the pain-associated tachykinin Substance P (SP) contributes to persistent transmodulation of the ERBB receptors, EGFR and HER2, in breast cancer, acting to enhance malignancy and therapeutic resistance. SP and its high-affinity receptor NK-1R were highly expressed in HER2(+) primary breast tumors (relative to the luminal and triple-negative subtypes) and were overall correlated with poor prognosis factors. In breast cancer cell lines and primary cultures derived from breast cancer samples, we found that SP could activate HER2. Conversely, RNA interference-mediated attenuation of NK-1R, or its chemical inhibition, or suppression of overall GPCR-mediated signaling, all strongly decreased steady-state expression of EGFR and HER2, establishing that their basal activity relied upon transdirectional activation by GPCR. Thus, SP exposure affected cellular responses to anti-ERBB therapies. Our work reveals an important oncogenic cooperation between NK-1R and HER2, thereby adding a novel link between inflammation and cancer progression that may be targetable by SP antagonists that have been clinically explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Garcia-Recio
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medical Oncology and Pathology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona; Department of Cell Biology, Immunology, and Neurosciences, Medical School, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea; Department of Genetics, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Norway; and Department of Medicine and Experimental Oncology, Torino University, Turin, Italy
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