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Perno CF, Cozzi-Lepri A, Balotta C, Forbici F, Violin M, Bertoli A, Facchi G, Pezzotti P, Angarano G, Arici C, Narciso P, Orani A, Raise E, Scalzini A, Poggio A, Ippolito G, Moroni M, Monforte AD, Montroni M, Scalise G, Costantini A, Del Prete MS, Tirelli U, Nasti G, Pastore G, Perulli LM, Suter F, Arici C, Chiodo F, Gritti FM, Colangeli V, Fiorini C, Guerra L, Carosi G, Cadeo GP, Castelli F, Minardi C, Vangi D, Rizzardini G, Migliorino G, Manconi PE, Piano P, Ferraro T, Cosco L, Pizzigallo E, Ricci F, Vigevani GM, Pusterla L, Carnevale G, Pan A, Viganò P, Mena M, Ghinelli F, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Ambu S, Lo Caputo S, Angarano G, Grisorio B, Ferrara S, Grima P, Tundo P, Pagano G, Piersantelli N, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Toti M, Chigiotti, Soscia F, Tacconi L, Orani A, Castaldo G, Scasso A, Vincenti A, Scalzini A, Alessi F, Moroni M, Lazzarin A, Cargnel A, Milazzo F, Caggese L, Monforte AD, Melzi S, Delfanti F, Carini B, Adriani B, Garavaglia S, Moioli C, Esposito R, Mussini C, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, Perrella O, Piazza M, De Marco M, Montesarchio V, Manzillo E, Nappa S, Cadrobbi P, Scaggiante R, Colomba A, Abbadesse V, Prestileo T, Mancuso S, Filice G, Minoli L, Savino FAP, Maserati R, Pauluzzi S, Baldelli F, Petrelli E, Ciotti A, Alberici F, Sisti M, Menichetti F, Smorfa A, De Stefano C, La Gala A, Zauli T, Ballardini G, Bonazzi L, Ursitti MA, Ciammarughi R, Giordani S, Ortona L, Dianzani F, Ippolito G, Antinori A, Antonucci G, D'Elia S, Narciso P, Petrosillo N, Vullo V, De Luca A, Del Forno A, Zaccarelli M, De Longis P, Ciardi M, D'Offizi G, Palmieri F, Lichter M, Capobianchi MR, Girardi E, Pezzotti P, Rezza G, Mura MS, Mannazzu M, Caramello P, Sinicco A, Soranzo ML, Quaglia S, Sciandra M, Salassa B, Torre D, Basilico C, Poggio A, Bottari G, Raise E, Pasquinucci S, De Lalla F, Tositti G, Resta F, Chimienti A, Lepri AC, Phillips AN. Impact of Mutations Conferring Reduced Susceptibility to Lamivudine on the Response to Antiretroviral Therapy. Antivir Ther 2001. [DOI: 10.1177/135965350100600306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Federico Perno
- IRCCS L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
- Department Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Balotta
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michela Violin
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Guido Facchi
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudio Arici
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ospedali Riuniti, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Anna Orani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Lecco Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Enzo Raise
- Department of Infectious Diseases, SS Giovanni e Paolo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Alfredo Scalzini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mantova Hospital, Mantova, Italy
| | - Antonio Poggio
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Verbania Hospital, Verbania, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Moroni
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Delfanti F, Veglia F, Poli G, Lazzarin A, Biswas P. Ex vivo modulation of RANTES and sCD30 by proinflammatory stimuli in HIV-seropositive and -negative individuals. Clin Immunol 2000; 97:102-8. [PMID: 11027450 DOI: 10.1006/clim.2000.4923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
RANTES and sCD30 were measured in ex vivo culture supernatants of unstimulated or stimulated PBMC in order to investigate their potential role as markers of acute immune activation. Patients in an advanced stage of HIV infection (AIDS A) were compared to AIDS patients who were evaluated for pneumonia at the time of blood withdrawal (AIDS B); HIV(+) individuals with nonprogressive infection (LTNP) and healthy donors (N) served as controls. Constitutive levels of RANTES were significantly elevated in AIDS B patients (P 0.0001), whereas spontaneous release of sCD30 was strongly correlated with the presence of both pneumonia (P 0.002) and HIV infection (P 0.004). LPS was a strong inducer of RANTES in all four categories; however, in AIDS B patients a negative and positive correlation between constitutive and induced levels was observed with LPS (P 0.0004) and IFN-gamma (P 0.006), respectively. We clearly showed that IFN-gamma reached a fourfold superinduction of sCD30 release in both HIV-positive and -negative individuals, whereas IL-6-driven production of both sCD30 and RANTES occurred only in healthy donors. Ex vivo RANTES levels may also be monitored as an index of acute immune activation under conditions of chronic activation of the immune system, whereas sCD30 release may be equally indicative of both acute and chronic processes of T cell activation. Proinflammatory stimuli differentially affected RANTES and sCD30 secretion in ex vivo PBMC cultures, suggesting complex pathways in the in vivo regulation of these two molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Delfanti
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Centro San Luigi, Milan, Italy
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Fortis C, Biswas P, Soldini L, Veglia F, Careddu AM, Delfanti F, Mantelli B, Murone M, Lazzarin A, Poli G. Dual role of TNF-alpha in NK/LAK cell-mediated lysis of chronically HIV-infected U1 cells. Concomitant enhancement of HIV expression and sensitization of cell-mediated lysis. Eur J Immunol 1999; 29:3654-62. [PMID: 10556821 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(199911)29:11<3654::aid-immu3654>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The U937-derived chronically HIV-infected U1 cell line and uninfected U937 cell clones were efficiently lysed by both unstimulated (NK) and IL-2-stimulated (lymphokine-activated killer; LAK) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy HIV-seronegative donors. Pretreatment of target cells with IFN-gamma down-modulated killing of both U1 cells and two U937 cell clones, and up-regulated MHC class I expression. In contrast, TNF-alpha enhanced the sensitivity of infected U1 cells, but not of U937 cell clones to NK / LAK cell lysis. Co-cultivation of IL-2-stimulated PBMC with U1 cells triggered expression and replication of HIV by cell-cell contact, and this effect was inhibited by anti-TNF-alpha antibodies (Ab); virus production was partially inhibited by zidovudine. Of interest, anti-TNF-alpha Ab protected U1 cells from LAK cell activity. Thus, TNF-alpha can induce HIV expression from chronically infected U1 cells, but also plays an important role in sensitizing these cells to lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fortis
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Division of Infectious Diseases, Centro San Luigi, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.
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Biswas P, Delfanti F, Bernasconi S, Mengozzi M, Cota M, Polentarutti N, Mantovani A, Lazzarin A, Sozzani S, Poli G. Interleukin-6 induces monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in the U937 cell line. Blood 1998; 91:258-65. [PMID: 9414293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction of chemokine gene expression from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines plays an important role in both wound repair and response to infectious agents. In the present study, we show that the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) potently induced mRNA expression and secretion of the CC chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) in PBMCs. In addition, because human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in vivo and in vitro has been shown to dysregulate the production of and/or the response to cytokines, PBMCs from both healthy uninfected and HIV-infected individuals were studied for their constitutive and IL-6-induced expression of MCP-1. No substantial differences were observed between the two groups of individuals. In addition, IL-6 upregulated MCP-1 expression in the promonocytic cell line U937 and in its chronically HIV-infected counterpart, U1. In these cell lines, IL-6 selectively induced MCP-1 and not other chemokines, including regulated upon activation normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-1beta, and IL-8. IL-6 induction of MCP-1 was partially inhibited by hydrocortisone in U1 cells. Thus, IL-6 activates PBMCs to secrete MCP-1, a CC chemokine pivotal for monocyte recruitment in tissue and organs in which important inflammatory events occur.
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MESH Headings
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL2/biosynthesis
- Chemokine CCL2/genetics
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Chemokine CCL3
- Chemokine CCL4
- Chemokine CCL5/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- HIV Infections/blood
- HIV Infections/pathology
- Humans
- Hydrocortisone/pharmacology
- Interferon-gamma/pharmacology
- Interleukin-6/pharmacology
- Interleukin-8/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-8/genetics
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins/biosynthesis
- Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins/genetics
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- P Biswas
- AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, DIBIT, and the Division of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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