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Perno CF, Cozzi-Lepri A, Balotta C, Forbici F, Violin M, Bertoli A, Facchi G, Pezzotti P, Angarano G, Arici C, Narciso P, Orani A, Raise E, Scalzini A, Poggio A, Ippolito G, Moroni M, Monforte AD, Montroni M, Scalise G, Costantini A, Del Prete MS, Tirelli U, Nasti G, Pastore G, Perulli LM, Suter F, Arici C, Chiodo F, Gritti FM, Colangeli V, Fiorini C, Guerra L, Carosi G, Cadeo GP, Castelli F, Minardi C, Vangi D, Rizzardini G, Migliorino G, Manconi PE, Piano P, Ferraro T, Cosco L, Pizzigallo E, Ricci F, Vigevani GM, Pusterla L, Carnevale G, Pan A, Viganò P, Mena M, Ghinelli F, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Ambu S, Lo Caputo S, Angarano G, Grisorio B, Ferrara S, Grima P, Tundo P, Pagano G, Piersantelli N, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Toti M, Chigiotti, Soscia F, Tacconi L, Orani A, Castaldo G, Scasso A, Vincenti A, Scalzini A, Alessi F, Moroni M, Lazzarin A, Cargnel A, Milazzo F, Caggese L, Monforte AD, Melzi S, Delfanti F, Carini B, Adriani B, Garavaglia S, Moioli C, Esposito R, Mussini C, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, Perrella O, Piazza M, De Marco M, Montesarchio V, Manzillo E, Nappa S, Cadrobbi P, Scaggiante R, Colomba A, Abbadesse V, Prestileo T, Mancuso S, Filice G, Minoli L, Savino FAP, Maserati R, Pauluzzi S, Baldelli F, Petrelli E, Ciotti A, Alberici F, Sisti M, Menichetti F, Smorfa A, De Stefano C, La Gala A, Zauli T, Ballardini G, Bonazzi L, Ursitti MA, Ciammarughi R, Giordani S, Ortona L, Dianzani F, Ippolito G, Antinori A, Antonucci G, D'Elia S, Narciso P, Petrosillo N, Vullo V, De Luca A, Del Forno A, Zaccarelli M, De Longis P, Ciardi M, D'Offizi G, Palmieri F, Lichter M, Capobianchi MR, Girardi E, Pezzotti P, Rezza G, Mura MS, Mannazzu M, Caramello P, Sinicco A, Soranzo ML, Quaglia S, Sciandra M, Salassa B, Torre D, Basilico C, Poggio A, Bottari G, Raise E, Pasquinucci S, De Lalla F, Tositti G, Resta F, Chimienti A, Lepri AC, Phillips AN. Impact of Mutations Conferring Reduced Susceptibility to Lamivudine on the Response to Antiretroviral Therapy. Antivir Ther 2001. [DOI: 10.1177/135965350100600306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Federico Perno
- IRCCS L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
- Department Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Balotta
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michela Violin
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Guido Facchi
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudio Arici
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ospedali Riuniti, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Anna Orani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Lecco Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Enzo Raise
- Department of Infectious Diseases, SS Giovanni e Paolo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Alfredo Scalzini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mantova Hospital, Mantova, Italy
| | - Antonio Poggio
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Verbania Hospital, Verbania, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Moroni
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Floridia M, Tomino C, Bucciardini R, Ricciardulli D, Fragola V, Pirillo MF, Amici R, Giannini G, Galluzzo CM, Andreotti M, Seeber AC, Ammassari A, Cingolani A, Lazzarin A, Scalise G, Cargnel A, Suter F, Milazzo F, Pastore G, Moroni M, Ciammarughi R, Pini R, Carosi G, D'Amato C, Contu L, Concia E, Bonazzi L, Aiuti F, Vigevani G, Vella S. A randomized trial comparing the introduction of ritonavir or indinavir in 1251 nucleoside-experienced patients with advanced HIV infection. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000; 16:1809-20. [PMID: 11118067 DOI: 10.1089/08892220050195775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ISS-IP1, a multicenter, randomized, 48-week open trial, was designed to compare the introduction of ritonavir or indinavir in patients with previous nucleoside experience and CD4+ cell counts below 50/mm3. Concomitant antiretroviral treatment with nucleoside analogs was allowed. Primary efficacy measures were survival and time to a new AIDS-defining event or death, analyzed through the whole period of observation by the intention-to-treat approach. Primary toxicity measures were time to treatment discontinuation and adverse events, grade at least 3/serious, analyzed by an on-treatment approach. Evaluation-of efficacy also included CD4+ cell and RNA response. The trial enrolled 1251 patients in 5 months. At baseline, mean CD4+ cell count was about 20 cells/mm3 and mean HIV RNA copy number was 4.9 log10/ml in both groups. Overall, 402 patients in the ritonavir group and 250 patients in the indinavir group permanently discontinued the assigned treatment (relative risk, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.68-2.30; p = 0.0001), with most of this difference dependent on a higher number of discontinuation for adverse events in the ritonavir group. After a mean follow-up of 307 days (ritonavir, 304; indinavir, 309), 124 deaths (ritonavir, 61; indinavir, 63; relative risk, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.67-1.36; p = 0.80) and 330 new AIDS-defining events (ritonavir, 170; indinavir, 160; relative risk, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.85-1.31; p = 0.60) were observed. CD4+ cell counts increased in both groups in patients still receiving treatment, with about 100 cells gained by week 24 and 150 cells gained by week 48. Body weight also increased over time in both groups. Analysis of RNA response showed a decrease of 1.5 log10 or higher in both treatment groups. Overall, 400 patients in the ritonavir group and 338 patients in the indinavir group developed at least one grade 3/serious new adverse event during follow-up (relative risk, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.28-1.72; p = 0.0001). Favorable CD4+ cell and RNA responses at 24 and 48 weeks were observed in both groups of patients remaining on treatment. Indinavir showed slightly better effects in sustaining RNA, CD4+ cell, and body weight responses. Ritonavir and indinavir results were comparable in terms of clinical outcome (survival and AIDS-defining events).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Floridia
- Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Lazzari Agli L, Viglietta G, Arlotti M, Ciammarughi R, Forlani S, Muratore F. [Bullous pneumopathy and spontaneous pneumothorax. Atypical radiologic patterns of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. Radiol Med 1993; 86:826-32. [PMID: 8296003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is certainly the most frequent opportunistic pulmonary infection in AIDS patients. Besides the conventional radiographic features demonstrating bilateral infiltrates and airspace consolidation, atypical radiologic patterns are reported in the literature, which are characterized by spontaneous pneumothorax and by the presence of bullae, cysts and areas of pulmonary cavitation. Forty consecutive PCP patients were investigated, ten of them presenting with atypical radiographic findings: 1 case of spontaneous pneumothorax with no evidence of bullae and 9 cases of bullous lung disease--5 of them complicated by spontaneous pneumothorax. Several pathogenetic hypotheses were considered; lesions evolution and the differential radiologic diagnosis were discussed. As for diagnosis, the value of chest CT scans is emphasized, together with that of HRCT which is extremely valuable to localize, characterize and evaluate bullous lesions and associated parenchymal signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lazzari Agli
- Divisione di Medicina Generale, Ospedale "Infermi", Rimini
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