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Gammoh O, Al-Smadi A, Mansour M, Ennab W, AL Hababbeh S, Al-Taani G, Alsous M, Aljabali AAA, Tambuwala MM. The relationship between psychiatric symptoms and the use of levetiracetam in people with epilepsy. Int J Psychiatry Med 2024; 59:360-372. [PMID: 37837222 PMCID: PMC11044508 DOI: 10.1177/00912174231206056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Mental health in people with epilepsy (PWE) is often overlooked, especially in developing countries.Purpose: Consequently, the current work had two objectives: (1) to estimate the burden of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and stress, and (2) to examine the association of these psychiatric/psychological symptoms with levetiracetam and other relevant clinical factors in a cohort of Jordanian PWE.Research Design: This is a cross-sectional study. The demographic and clinical data were recorded. Depression was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9, Arabic-validated version) and anxiety by the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7, Arabic-validated version). The insomnia severity index (ISI-A, Arabic version) was used to assess sleep quality, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-A, Arabic version) was used to measure perceived stress.Study Sample: Data were analyzed from 280 patients, of which 178 (63.6%) received levetiracetam as monotherapy or as adjuvant.Results: Depression was reported in 150 (53.6%), anxiety in 110 (39.3%), insomnia in 131 (46.8%), and clinically significant stress in 211 (75.4%). At univariate analysis, levetiracetam was not associated with psychiatric symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that severe depressive symptoms were associated with family history (OR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.42-4.33, P = .001) and seizure type (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.01-2.80, P = .04), severe anxiety symptoms were associated with family history (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.12-3.23, P = .01), severe insomnia was associated with seizure type (OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.33-3.5, P = .002) and severe stress was associated with marital status (OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.31-4.29, P = .004).Conclusions: The high psychological burden of PWE is a challenging issue that requires attention and prompt action to control its risk factors. Levetiracetam was not associated with psychiatric symptoms in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Gammoh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Al-Smadi
- Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | | | - Wail Ennab
- Department of Neurology, Al-Bashir Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Ghaith Al-Taani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mervat Alsous
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Alaa AA Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, Brayford Pool Campus, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK
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Alqudah A, Al-Taani G, Handal D, Al Sharab R, Al Shreideh R, Al-Smadi A, Qnais E, Gammoh O. Factors Associated with Psychotropic Medications Literacy among Community Pharmacists. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59030618. [PMID: 36984619 PMCID: PMC10056436 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Community pharmacists play an important role in ensuring the patient’s adherence to medications, thus achieving therapeutic outcomes. The present study had two aims: to measure the extent of knowledge that community pharmacists had about psychotropic medications and to determine the factors associated with higher knowledge scores. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed, using a structured online questionnaire. The study instrument assessed demographics, general practice characteristics related to psychotropics and a battery of factual questions that assessed the knowledge of pharmacists about psychotropic medications using closed-ended responses. A total knowledge score consisting of the sum of correct responses was calculated; the passing score was 75%. A total of 676 pharmacists completed the survey. Results: Only 20% passed the threshold score (75%) for the factual knowledge questions, and only (11.0%) were very comfortable with their knowledge of psychotropic agents. A total of 49.0% of the respondents felt that they had been adequately trained to counsel patients on psychotropic agents. According to the regression model, pharmacists who reported higher knowledge were more experienced (0.63, (0.26–1.0), p < 0.001), reported studying the topic in the pharmacy school (0.77 (0.27–1.26), p = 0.002) holding a Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm D) degree (0.24 (0.05–0.43), p = 0.01), and reported a higher perceived knowledge (0.29 (0.01–0.38), p = 0.038). Conclusion: Community pharmacists reported poor knowledge of psychotropic medications, and continuous medical and professional education programs are mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahim Alqudah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa P.O. Box 330127, Jordan
- Correspondence:
| | - Ghaith Al-Taani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid P.O. Box 566, Jordan
| | - Daniel Handal
- Faculty of Psychology, Balqa’ Applied University, Al-Salt P.O. Box 19117, Jordan
| | - Rahaf Al Sharab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid P.O. Box 566, Jordan
| | - Rawan Al Shreideh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid P.O. Box 566, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Al-Smadi
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq P.O. Box 25113, Jordan
| | - Esam Qnais
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa P.O. Box 330127, Jordan
| | - Omar Gammoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid P.O. Box 566, Jordan
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Muflih S, Alshogran OY, Al-Azzam S, Al-Taani G, Khader YS. Physicians' Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Point-of-Care Pharmacogenetic Testing: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2021; 14:655-665. [PMID: 34103970 PMCID: PMC8179816 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s307694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Pharmacogenetic testing (PGx) is a diagnostic technique used by physicians to determine the possible reactions of patients to drug treatment on the basis of their genetic makeup. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of physicians’ awareness, attitudes, and sociodemographics on the adoption of point-of-care (POC) PGx testing as a diagnostic method, as well as the impact of their knowledge, attitudes, and sociodemographics on its adoption. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 200 physicians and medical trainees working at the Clinics of King Abdullah University Hospital in Jordan was performed. Data on sociodemographics, knowledge and attitudes concerning PGx testing, genetic information sources, and barriers to POC-PGx testing adoption were gathered. Results Participants’ perceived knowledge of the role of PGx testing in therapeutic decision-making was rated as “Excellent” (1.9%), “Very Good” (19.4%), “Good” (34.4%), “Fair” (32.5%), and “Poor” (11.9%). Physicians’ actual knowledge of PGx testing was adequate (mean=3.56 out of 7, SD=1.2), but their attitudes were generally favorable (mean=3.64 out of 5.00, SD=0.52). According to Rogers’ theory, many variables (eg, perceived need, relative advantage, compatibility) had a significant impact on physicians’ willingness to endorse POC-PGx testing. Discussion The majority of physicians stated that they were unaware of PGx testing. Physicians’ perceived knowledge of POC-PGx testing, however, was higher than those who participated in other studies. Participants were optimistic about the future benefits of PGx testing in prescribing effective medications and reducing potential side effects, which were consistent with previous studies. Physicians’ willingness to accept and implement POC-PGx testing was hampered by a lack of PGx expertise, as well as concerns about patient confidentiality, employability, and insurability. More training and genetic courses are needed, according to the majority of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaib Muflih
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Osama Y Alshogran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Sayer Al-Azzam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ghaith Al-Taani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yousef S Khader
- Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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Altaany Z, Khabour OF, Alzoubi KH, Alkaraki AK, Al-Taani G. The Perception of Premarital Genetic Screening within Young Jordanian Individuals. Public Health Genomics 2021; 24:182-188. [PMID: 34192692 PMCID: PMC9984666 DOI: 10.1159/000517162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the past two decades, the attention of public health has been drawn to premarital genetic screening (PGS) programs to reduce birth defects and avoid genetic disorders. In Jordan, the high rate of genetic hemoglobinopathies compelled the government to implement an obligatory PGS program before marriage. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge, opinion, and practice of young Jordanians concerning PGS. METHODS Using a pretested questionnaire, this cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample from Jordan. The measures included respondents' demographics, and beliefs/opinions regarding PGS. RESULTS A total of 432 participants completed the survey. The majority (87.8%) had a positive attitude toward PGS program. Reasons behind this positive attitude were preventing transmission of genetic diseases, reducing family breakdown/psychosocial problems, and financial burdens of having a child with genetic disease. In fact, 49.8% of participants were willing to change their marriage decision in case of receiving incompatible results. Moreover, most of the participants (75.1%) demanded the implementation of a law that prohibits incompatible marriages. A positive attitude toward PGS was found to be associated with female gender and having a university education. CONCLUSIONS Young Jordanians have a positive attitude toward the implementation of PGS. Yet, educational programs should be drawn up to the target population before getting married emphasizing the important role of PGS in the wellness of the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Altaany
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Omar F. Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Almuthanna K. Alkaraki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ghaith Al-Taani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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Altaany Z, Khabour OF, Al-Taani G. Knowledge, Beliefs, and Attitudes Concerning Genetic Testing Among Young Jordanians. J Multidiscip Healthc 2019; 12:1043-1048. [PMID: 31849479 PMCID: PMC6912010 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s233614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical genetic testing is an evolving side of clinical care that helps people to make informed medical and lifestyle decisions. The source of knowledge, personal beliefs, and attitude towards genetic testing are the main determinative factors of getting optimal utilization of such technology in reducing/prevention of diseases. Methods A structured survey was used to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and attitude regarding genetic testing among 463 young adults aged 18 years or older living in the North of Jordan. Results More than three-quarters (77.1%) of the respondents were familiar with the term genetic testing. The most common sources of knowledge were: education they received (44.8%), the internet (37.5%), and social media (17.2%). Most (93.9%) of the respondents believed that genetic testing is a useful tool to diagnose and prevent genetic diseases. Almost three-quarters (72.7%) of the respondents believed that the health care system provides advice or genetic counseling to those with a genetic disease. A total of 9.6% of the respondents thought that genetic testing might cause a physical risk to their lives. In addition, 11.3% of the respondents believed that genetic testing is forbidden and not permissible and about 6.3% did not agree in performing genetic testing in the future. Finally, about half (53.4%) of the respondents consider genetic testing affordable and the remainder consider it costly. Conclusion Our findings emphasize the importance of acquiring knowledge about genetic testing among young individuals, Issues related to knowledge were identified and should be further improved, such as cost prediction, safety, and the legitimacy of genetic testing to get better outcomes in the Jordanian community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Altaany
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ghaith Al-Taani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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Arabyat R, Arabyat G, Al-Taani G. Prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among ever-married women in Jordan. East Mediterr Health J 2019; 25:543-552. [PMID: 31612968 DOI: 10.26719/emhj.18.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background Anaemia is associated with poor health outcomes and is considered a serious public health problem particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Specific subgroups are at higher risk of anaemia, such as women of reproductive age. Aims This study examined the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among ever-married women in Jordan using a secondary analysis of the Jordan Population and Family Health Survey. Methods This is a secondary analysis of data from a nationally representative sample of ever-married women aged 15-49 years that were tested for haemoglobin levels in the 2012 JPFHS. Anaemia was categorized according to the WHO criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate risk factors associated with anaemia. Results The prevalence of any anaemia was 37.3%; specifically, 20% had mild anaemia (haemoglobin 11.0-11.9 g/dl), 16.3% had moderate anaemia (hemoglobin 8.0-10.9 g/dl) and 1% had severe anaemia (haemoglobin < 8.0 g/dl). Factors that were associated with anaemia in the multivariate regression included urban women (P = 0.01), living in the north (P = 0.014) or south regions (P = 0.013) of Jordan, having multiple children (P < 0.001), being pregnant (P < 0.01), and using IUD as a contraceptive method (P < 0.001). Conclusions A high prevalence of anaemia among ever-married women of reproductive age in Jordan was noticed. The results emphasize the importance of urgent public health interventions to prevent anaemia in Jordan, particularly among high-risk subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Arabyat
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Ghaith Al-Taani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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Costa FA, Scullin C, Al-Taani G, Hawwa AF, Anderson C, Bezverhni Z, Binakaj Z, Cordina M, Foulon V, Garcia de Bikuña B, de Gier H, Granås AG, Grinstova O, Griese-Mammen N, Grincevicius J, Grinceviciene S, Kaae S, Kubiliene L, Mariño EL, Martins S, Modamio P, Nadin G, Nørgaard LS, Obarcanin E, Tadic I, Tasic L, McElnay JC, Hersberger KE, Westerlund T. Provision of pharmaceutical care by community pharmacists across Europe: Is it developing and spreading? J Eval Clin Pract 2017; 23:1336-1347. [PMID: 28762651 DOI: 10.1111/jep.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES Pharmaceutical care involves patient-centred pharmacist activity to improve medicines management by patients. The implementation of this service in a comprehensive manner, however, requires considerable organisation and effort, and indeed, it is often not fully implemented in care settings. The main objective was to assess how pharmaceutical care provision within community pharmacy has evolved over time in Europe. METHOD A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey of community pharmacies, using a modified version of the Behavioural Pharmaceutical Care Scale (BPCS) was conducted in late 2012/early 2013 within 16 European countries and compared with an earlier assessment conducted in 2006. RESULTS The provision of comprehensive pharmaceutical care has slightly improved in all European countries that participated in both editions of this survey (n = 8) with progress being made particularly in Denmark and Switzerland. Moreover, there was a wider country uptake, indicating spread of the concept. However, due to a number of limitations, the results should be interpreted with caution. Using combined data from participating countries, the provision of pharmaceutical care was positively correlated with the participation of the community pharmacists in patient-centred activities, routine use of pharmacy software with access to clinical data, participation in multidisciplinary team meetings, and having specialized education. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated a slight evolution in self-reported provision of pharmaceutical care by community pharmacists across Europe, as measured by the BPCS. The slow progress suggests a range of barriers, which are preventing pharmacists moving beyond traditional roles. Support from professional bodies and more patient-centred community pharmacy contracts, including remuneration for pharmaceutical care services, are likely to be required if quicker progress is to be made in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa A Costa
- Portuguese Pharmaceutical Society (PPS), Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde (ISCSEM), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Claire Scullin
- Clinical and Practice Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ghaith Al-Taani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmed F Hawwa
- Clinical and Practice Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Claire Anderson
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zinaida Bezverhni
- Department of Social Pharmacy, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Nicolae Testemitanu", Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - Zahida Binakaj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tuzla, Univerzitetska 8, 75000, Tuzla, Bosnia & Herzegovina
| | - Maria Cordina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Veerle Foulon
- Department Farmaceutische en Farmacologische Wetenschappen, Klinische Farmacologie en Farmacotherapie, O&N II, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Borja Garcia de Bikuña
- Foro de Atención Farmacéutica Farmacia Comunitaria, Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Farmacéuticos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Han de Gier
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Olga Grinstova
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, National University of Pharmacy, Сharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Nina Griese-Mammen
- Department of Medicine, ABDA-Federal Union of German Associations of Pharmacists, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Grincevicius
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Svitrigaile Grinceviciene
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Susanne Kaae
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Department of Pharmacy, Section for Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Loreta Kubiliene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Eduardo L Mariño
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Modamio
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giancarlo Nadin
- Centrimark-Dept. of Economic and Business Management Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Lotte Stig Nørgaard
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Department of Pharmacy, Section for Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emina Obarcanin
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmakotherapeutics, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ivana Tadic
- Department for Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Legislation, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Tasic
- Department for Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Legislation, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - James C McElnay
- Clinical and Practice Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Kurt E Hersberger
- Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tommy Westerlund
- Sahlgrenska Academy, Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Faculty of Health and Society, Dept of Biomedical Science, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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