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Moorthie S, Blencowe H, Darlison MW, Lawn J, Morris JK, Modell B, Bittles AH, Blencowe H, Christianson A, Cousens S, Darlison MW, Gibbons S, Hamamy H, Khoshnood B, Howson CP, Lawn J, Mastroiacovo P, Modell B, Moorthie S, Morris JK, Mossey PA, Neville AJ, Petrou M, Povey S, Rankin J, Schuler-Faccini L, Wren C, Yunnis KA. Estimating the birth prevalence and pregnancy outcomes of congenital malformations worldwide. J Community Genet 2018; 9:387-396. [PMID: 30218347 PMCID: PMC6167261 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-018-0384-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital anomaly registries have two main surveillance aims: firstly to define baseline epidemiology of important congenital anomalies to facilitate programme, policy and resource planning, and secondly to identify clusters of cases and any other epidemiological changes that could give early warning of environmental or infectious hazards. However, setting up a sustainable registry and surveillance system is resource-intensive requiring national infrastructure for recording all cases and diagnostic facilities to identify those malformations that that are not externally visible. Consequently, not all countries have yet established robust surveillance systems. For these countries, methods are needed to generate estimates of prevalence of these disorders which can act as a starting point for assessing disease burden and service implications. Here, we describe how registry data from high-income settings can be used for generating reference rates that can be used as provisional estimates for countries with little or no observational data on non-syndromic congenital malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah Blencowe
- Centre for Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive, and Child Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Matthew W Darlison
- Centre for Health Informatics and Multiprofessional Education (CHIME), University College London, London, UK.
| | - Joy Lawn
- Centre for Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive, and Child Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Joan K Morris
- Centre for Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Bernadette Modell
- Centre for Health Informatics and Multiprofessional Education (CHIME), University College London, London, UK
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Fokstuen S, Makrythanasis P, Hammar E, Guipponi M, Ranza E, Varvagiannis K, Santoni FA, Albarca-Aguilera M, Poleggi ME, Couchepin F, Brockmann C, Mauron A, Hurst SA, Moret C, Gehrig C, Vannier A, Bevillard J, Araud T, Gimelli S, Stathaki E, Paoloni-Giacobino A, Bottani A, Sloan-Béna F, Sizonenko LD, Mostafavi M, Hamamy H, Nouspikel T, Blouin JL, Antonarakis SE. Experience of a multidisciplinary task force with exome sequencing for Mendelian disorders. Hum Genomics 2016; 10:24. [PMID: 27353043 PMCID: PMC4924303 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-016-0080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to optimally integrate the use of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) as a tool in clinical diagnostics of likely monogenic disorders, we have created a multidisciplinary "Genome Clinic Task Force" at the University Hospitals of Geneva, which is composed of clinical and molecular geneticists, bioinformaticians, technicians, bioethicists, and a coordinator. METHODS AND RESULTS We have implemented whole exome sequencing (WES) with subsequent targeted bioinformatics analysis of gene lists for specific disorders. Clinical cases of heterogeneous Mendelian disorders that could potentially benefit from HTS are presented and discussed during the sessions of the task force. Debate concerning the interpretation of identified variants and the content of the final report constitutes a major part of the task force's work. Furthermore, issues related to bioethics, genetic counseling, quality control, and reimbursement are also addressed. CONCLUSIONS This multidisciplinary task force has enabled us to create a platform for regular exchanges between all involved experts in order to deal with the multiple complex issues related to HTS in clinical practice and to continuously improve the diagnostic use of HTS. In addition, this task force was instrumental to formally approve the reimbursement of HTS for molecular diagnosis of Mendelian disorders in Switzerland.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fokstuen
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Makrythanasis
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Hammar
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Guipponi
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Ranza
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Varvagiannis
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F A Santoni
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Albarca-Aguilera
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M E Poleggi
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Couchepin
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Brockmann
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Mauron
- Institute for Ethics, History, and the Humanities, Geneva University Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S A Hurst
- Institute for Ethics, History, and the Humanities, Geneva University Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Moret
- Institute for Ethics, History, and the Humanities, Geneva University Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Gehrig
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Vannier
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Bevillard
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Araud
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Gimelli
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Stathaki
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Paoloni-Giacobino
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Bottani
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Sloan-Béna
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L D'Amato Sizonenko
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Mostafavi
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - H Hamamy
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Nouspikel
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J L Blouin
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S E Antonarakis
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. .,iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Hamamy H, Bittles AH. Genetic clinics in arab communities: meeting individual, family and community needs. Public Health Genomics 2008; 12:30-40. [PMID: 19023188 DOI: 10.1159/000153428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Arab societies are characterized by a wide range of family and social structures, religious and legal conventions, and highly variable economic resources. As might be expected under these circumstances, genetic services cannot readily be devised, delivered, and assessed according to a single model. However, in general terms, the provision of genetic services in Arab communities at all population levels is still inadequate given the prevalence and burden of genetic diseases. Improving this situation calls for major educational efforts that include increasing the genetic literacy of the general public, comprehensive courses and campaigns to familiarize primary health care workers with counseling needs and skills and with referral guidelines for high-risk families, updating medical, nursing, and paramedical curricula to incorporate information on community genetics, and training clinical and laboratory genetic specialists to meet the short- and long-term goals of genetic disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hamamy
- National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Amman, Jordan
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the secular trend in consanguinity in Jordan and the subtypes of consanguineous marriages that may be undergoing a change. A total of 1032 individuals attending a diabetic clinic in Amman were interviewed. The questionnaire provided information on consanguinity status and date of marriage among three generations: the persons interviewed, their parents, parents of their spouses and their offspring. Data on consanguinity status among 5401 marriages was obtained. Generations were named generation 1 for marriages contracted before 1950, generation 2 for marriages contracted between 1950 and 1979, and generation 3 for marriages contracted after 1980. For generations 1, 2, and 3, first-cousin marriages constituted 20.2, 28.5 and 19.5% of all marriages, respectively, while the subtype of paternal parallel first-cousin marriages constituted 75.6, 60.3 and 43.3% of all first-cousin marriages, respectively. The offspring of first-cousin parents were significantly more prone to marry their relatives than the offspring of non-consanguineous parents, with rates of first-cousin marriages among offspring of first-cousin parents and non-related parents constituting 25.3 and 17.1% of all marriages, respectively. For generations 1, 2 and 3, the average coefficient of inbreeding was 0.0135, 0.02 and 0.0142, respectively. In conclusion, first-cousin marriage rate among a representative population from Amman showed a significant decline among marriages contracted after 1980 compared to marriages contracted between 1950 and 1979, but not to marriages contracted before 1950. The proportion of paternal parallel first cousins among first-cousin marriages showed a steady decline from one generation to the next.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hamamy
- National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Amman, Jordan
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