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Qiu Q, Peng Y, Zhu Z, Chen Z, Zhang C, Ong HH, Tan KS, Hong H, Yan Y, Huang H, Liu J, Li X, Nam HN, Dung NTN, Shi L, Yang Q, Bingle CD, Wang DY. Absence or mislocalization of DNAH5 is a characteristic marker for motile ciliary abnormality in nasal polyps. Laryngoscope 2017; 128:E97-E104. [PMID: 29148098 DOI: 10.1002/lary.26983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Motile cilia impairment is a common condition in patients with chronically inflamed airways, such as is seen in nasal polyps (NPs). The mechanism underlying this pathogenic condition is complex and not fully understood. METHODS We investigated the presence and localization of dynein axonemal heavy chain 5 (DNAH5) in motile cilia using immunofluorescence staining in paraffin-embedded nasal biopsies from NPs (n = 120) and inferior turbinate mucosa (n = 35) of healthy controls. We also performed single-cell staining on cytospin samples (NP = 5, control = 5). Three patterns of DNAH5 localization are defined, including pattern A (presence throughout the axoneme), pattern B (undetectable in the distal part of the axoneme), and pattern C (completely missing throughout the entire axoneme). We developed a semiquantitative scoring system for which 0 = (pattern A > 70%); 1 = (patterns A + B > 70%); and 2 = (pattern C ≥ 30%) in each high-power field (5 fields per sample). RESULTS Based on our DNAH5 scoring system, the median (1st and 3rd quartile) score was 0.3 (0.2 and 0.4) for samples from controls, and 1.1 (0.6 and 1.6) for samples from NPs in paraffin specimens (P < 0.001). The DNAH5 score had a significant positive relationship with the Lund-Mackay computed tomography score (r = 0.329, P = 0.005) and was higher in patients with eosinophilic NPs (P = 0.006). For cytospin samples, the mean percentage of patterns A, B, and C were 74%, 14%, and 12% in controls, and 48%, 20%, and 32% in NPs, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the absence or mislocalization of DNAH5 from motile cilia is a common and potentially important pathological phenomenon in chronically inflamed airway epithelium. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA. Laryngoscope, 128:E97-E104, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhenchao Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hsiao Hui Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai Sen Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haiyu Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the 5th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haoqi Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xianqing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - H N Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - N T N Dung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of, China
| | - Qintai Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Colin D Bingle
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - De-Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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Zhao L, Li YY, Li CW, Chao SS, Liu J, Nam HN, Dung NTN, Shi L, Wang DY. Increase of poorly proliferated p63 + /Ki67 + basal cells forming multiple layers in the aberrant remodeled epithelium in nasal polyps. Allergy 2017; 72:975-984. [PMID: 27807867 DOI: 10.1111/all.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant epithelial remodeling with the ectopic expression of p63 (basal cell markers) is an important pathologic phenomenon seen in chronically inflamed airway epithelium such as in nasal polyps (NPs). METHODS Biopsies were obtained from 55 NP patients and 18 healthy controls (inferior turbinate). Among NP patients, 15 were treated with oral and nasal steroids, so that two sets of NP biopsies were taken before and after the treatments. p63, Ki67, type IV β-tubulin, and cell cycle markers were investigated in these specimens. RESULTS The number of p63+ cells is significantly higher in both hyperplastic (1.53-fold, P < 0.0001) and squamous metaplastic (2.02-fold, P < 0.0001) epithelium from NPs than from healthy controls. There are three types of proliferative basal cells (p63+ /Ki67+ ) which are in different phases of the cell cycle, such as G1 phase (type I cells), S to G2 phase (type II cells), and mitosis (type III cells). Of importance, some type I cells may arrest after proliferation although they may still be p63+ /Ki67+ . In healthy epithelium, the ratio of the type I and II cells is almost 50:50. However, less type II cells are found in hyperplastic epithelium (34.85%, P = 0.012) and in squamous metaplastic epithelium (30.77%, P = 0.02) together with the presence of type III cells (3.45%, P = 0.01). These findings were not changed after steroid treatments. CONCLUSIONS An increase of poorly proliferated basal cells forming multiple layers, which may stain for basal cell markers but does not form a proper epidermal barrier, is an important histopathologic phenomenon in aberrant remodeled epithelium of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology; The Second Hospital of Shandong University; Shandong University; Jinan China
- Department of Otolaryngology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
| | - Y. Y. Li
- Department of Otolaryngology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
| | - C. W. Li
- Department of Otolaryngology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
| | - S. S. Chao
- Department of Otolaryngology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
| | - J. Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
| | - H. N. Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology; Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine; Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - N. T. N. Dung
- Department of Otolaryngology; Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine; Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - L. Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology; The Second Hospital of Shandong University; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - D. Y. Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
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