1
|
Kanemura Y, Yamamoto A, Katsuma A, Fukusumi H, Shofuda T, Kanematsu D, Handa Y, Sumida M, Yoshioka E, Mine Y, Yamaguchi R, Okada M, Igarashi M, Sekino Y, Shirao T, Nakamura M, Okano H. Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells Showed Neuronal Differentiation, Neurite Extension, and Formation of Synaptic Structures in Rodent Ischemic Stroke Brains. Cells 2024; 13:671. [PMID: 38667286 PMCID: PMC11048851 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality rates; however, effective treatments for ischemic stroke-related neurological dysfunction have yet to be developed. In this study, we generated neural progenitor cells from human leukocyte antigen major loci gene-homozygous-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-NPCs) and evaluated their therapeutic effects against ischemic stroke. hiPSC-NPCs were intracerebrally transplanted into rat ischemic brains produced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion at either the subacute or acute stage, and their in vivo survival, differentiation, and efficacy for functional improvement in neurological dysfunction were evaluated. hiPSC-NPCs were histologically identified in host brain tissues and showed neuronal differentiation into vGLUT-positive glutamatergic neurons, extended neurites into both the ipsilateral infarct and contralateral healthy hemispheres, and synaptic structures formed 12 weeks after both acute and subacute stage transplantation. They also improved neurological function when transplanted at the subacute stage with γ-secretase inhibitor pretreatment. However, their effects were modest and not significant and showed a possible risk of cells remaining in their undifferentiated and immature status in acute-stage transplantation. These results suggest that hiPSC-NPCs show cell replacement effects in ischemic stroke-damaged neural tissues, but their efficacy is insufficient for neurological functional improvement after acute or subacute transplantation. Further optimization of cell preparation methods and the timing of transplantation is required to balance the efficacy and safety of hiPSC-NPC transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonehiro Kanemura
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan
| | - Atsuyo Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Asako Katsuma
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Daisuke Kanematsu
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Yukako Handa
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Miho Sumida
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Ema Yoshioka
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Yutaka Mine
- Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan;
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
- Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masayasu Okada
- Department of Brain Tumor Biology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Michihiro Igarashi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical, Dental Sciences Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan;
| | - Yuko Sekino
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
| | | | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
- Keio Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fukusumi H, Togo K, Beck G, Shofuda T, Kanematsu D, Yamamoto A, Sumida M, Baba K, Mochizuki H, Kanemura Y. Human induced pluripotent stem cell line (ONHi001-A) generated from a patient with infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy having PLA2G6 c.517C > T (p.Q173X) and c.1634A > G (p.K545R) compound heterozygous mutations. Stem Cell Res 2023; 69:103122. [PMID: 37209469 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused mainly by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the PLA2G6 gene. We generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line (ONHi001-A) using fibroblasts derived from a patient with INAD. The patient exhibited c.517C > T (p.Q173X) and c.1634A > G (p.K545R) compound heterozygous mutations in the PLA2G6 gene. This hiPSC line may be useful for studying the pathogenic mechanism underlying INAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Togo
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Goichi Beck
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kanematsu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan
| | - Atsuyo Yamamoto
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan
| | - Miho Sumida
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan
| | - Kousuke Baba
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Okada M, Kawagoe Y, Takasugi T, Nozumi M, Ito Y, Fukusumi H, Kanemura Y, Fujii Y, Igarashi M. Correction to: JNK1‑Dependent Phosphorylation of GAP‑43 Serine 142 is a Novel Molecular Marker for Axonal Growth. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2683. [PMID: 35608791 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03639-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayasu Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawagoe
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takasugi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nozumi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ito
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Fujii
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Michihiro Igarashi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Okada M, Kawagoe Y, Takasugi T, Nozumi M, Ito Y, Fukusumi H, Kanemura Y, Fujii Y, Igarashi M. JNK1-Dependent Phosphorylation of GAP-43 Serine 142 is a Novel Molecular Marker for Axonal Growth. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2668-2682. [PMID: 35347634 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03580-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian axon growth has mechanistic similarities with axon regeneration. The growth cone is an important structure that is involved in both processes, and GAP-43 (growth associated protein-43 kDa) is believed to be the classical molecular marker. Previously, we used growth cone phosphoproteomics to demonstrate that S96 and T172 of GAP-43 in rodents are highly phosphorylated sites that are phosphorylated by c-jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK). We also revealed that phosphorylated (p)S96 and pT172 antibodies recognize growing axons in the developing brain and regenerating axons in adult peripheral nerves. In rodents, S142 is another putative JNK-dependent phosphorylation site that is modified at a lower frequency than S96 and T172. Here, we characterized this site using a pS142-specific antibody. We confirmed that pS142 was detected by co-expressing mouse GAP-43 and JNK1. pS142 antibody labeled growth cones and growing axons in developing mouse neurons. pS142 was sustained until at least nine weeks after birth in mouse brains. The pS142 antibody could detect regenerating axons following sciatic nerve injury in adult mice. Comparison of amino acid sequences indicated that rodent S142 corresponds to human T151, which is predicted to be a substrate of the MAPK family, which includes JNK. Thus, we confirmed that the pS142 antibody recognized human phospho-GAP-43 using activated JNK1, and also that its immunostaining pattern in neurons differentiated from human induced pluripotent cells was similar to those observed in mice. These results indicate that the S142 residue is phosphorylated by JNK1 and that the pS142 antibody is a new candidate molecular marker for axonal growth in both rodents and human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayasu Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawagoe
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takasugi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nozumi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ito
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Fujii
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Michihiro Igarashi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kijima N, Kanematsu D, Shofuda T, Yoshioka E, Yamamoto A, Handa Y, Fukusumi H, Katsuma A, Sumida M, Moriuchi S, Nonaka M, Okita Y, Tsuyuguchi N, Uda T, Kawashima T, Fukai J, Kodama Y, Mano M, Higuchi Y, Suemizu H, Kanemura Y. TB-8 Genetic and molecular properties of long-term proliferating tumorsphere -forming glioma derived cells. Neurooncol Adv 2021. [PMCID: PMC8648216 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab159.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term proliferating tumorsphere-forming glioma derived cells (LTP-TS-GDCs) and patient derived xenografts (PDXs) are essential tools for translational research for glioma. However, only small subsets of glioma samples are established as LTP-TS and/or PDXs and little is known about the genetics and molecular properties of LTP-TS -forming GDCs and PDX. In this study, we aim to analyze the characteristics of LTP-TS -forming GDCs and PDXs. We tried primary sphere cultures from 56 glioma patient-derived samples and established 11 LTP-TS-GDCs out of 45 glioblastoma samples and no long-term sphere culture was isolated from grade3 and grade 2 gliomas. LTP-TS-GDCs had self-renewal ability and possessed certain multipotency. However, they significantly less expressed SOX1 FOXG1 and TUBB3, whereas they expressed LGALS1 and EN1 significantly higher than normal neural stem/progenitor cells. In addition, we found that LTP-TS-GDCs shared the same genetic profiles with original patients’ tumors. Furthermore, we investigated the genetic differences between the glioma tissues which were successfully established as LTP-TS-GDCs and those which were not. We found that glioma tissues with TERT promotor mutations and triple copy number alteration (CNA) [EGFR, CDKN2A, and PTEN loci] are significantly established as LTP-TS-GDCs. Lastly, we next investigated in vivo characteristics of glioma PDXs. We have injected glioma PDXs lines into immunodeficient mice brains and histopathologically analyzed the characteristics of xenografts. Each xenograft well recapitulated histological features of original patients’ tumors and tumor cells remarkably invade through subventricular zone. In conclusion, each LTP-TS-GDCs and PDXs had various gene expression profiles, reflecting intratumoral and interpatient heterogeneities of glioma. In addition, TERT promotor mutations and triple CNA significantly correlated with success rate of LTP-TS-GDCs. These findings will be of use and advance the preclinical and translational researches of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kijima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Daisuke Kanematsu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | - Ema Yoshioka
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | - Atsuyo Yamamoto
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | - Yukako Handa
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | - Asako Katsuma
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | - Miho Sumida
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | - Shusuke Moriuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
- Moriuchi Clinic of Neurosurgery
| | - Masahiro Nonaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Medical University
| | - Yoshiko Okita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | - Naohiro Tsuyuguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine
| | - Takehiro Uda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Toshiyuki Kawashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Junya Fukai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Yoshinori Kodama
- Department of Central Laboratory and Surgical Pathology, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masayuki Mano
- Department of Central Laboratory and Surgical Pathology, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | - Yuichiro Higuchi
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kijima N, kanematsu D, Shofuda T, Yoshioka E, Yamamoto A, Handa Y, Fukusumi H, Katsuma A, Moriuchi S, Nonaka M, Okita Y, Tsuyuguchi N, Uda T, Kawashima T, Fukai J, Kodama Y, Mano M, Higuchi Y, Suemizu H, Kanemura Y. TMOD-05. GENETIC AND MOLECULAR PROPERTIES OF LONG-TERM PROLIFERATING TUMORSPHERE -FORMING GLIOMA DERIVED CELLS. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Long-term proliferating tumorsphere (LTP-TS)-forming glioma derived cells (GDCs) and patient derived xenografts (PDXs) are essential tools for translational research for glioma. However, only small subsets of glioma samples are established as LTP-TS and/or PDXs and little is known about the genetics and molecular properties of LTP-TS -forming GDCs and PDX. In this study, we aim to analyze the characteristics of LTP-TS -forming GDCs and PDXs. We tried primary sphere cultures from 56 glioma patient-derived samples and established 14 LTP-TS -forming GDCs out of 48 glioblastoma samples and no long-term sphere culture was isolated from grade3 and grade 2 gliomas. LTP-TS -forming GDCs had self-renewal ability and possessed certain multipotency. However, they significantly less expressed SOX1 FOXG1 and TUBB3, whereas they expressed LGALS1 significantly higher than normal neural stem/progenitor cells. In addition, we found that LTP-TS -forming GDCs shared the same genetic profiles with original patients’ tumors. Furthermore, we investigated the genetic differences between the glioma tissues which were successfully established as LTP-TS -forming GDCs and those which were not. We found that glioma tissues with TERT promotor mutations and triple CNA (EGFR, CDKN2A, and PTEN loci) are significantly established as LTP-TS -forming GDCs. Lastly, we next investigated in vivo characteristics of glioma PDXs. We have injected glioma PDXs lines into immunodeficient mice and histopathologically analyzed the characteristics of xenografts. Each xenograft well recapitulated histological features of original patients’ tumors and tumor cells remarkably invade through subventricular zone. In conclusion, each LTP-TS -forming GDCs and PDXs had various gene expression profiles, reflecting intratumoral and interpatient heterogeneities of glioma. In addition, TERT promotor mutations and triple CNA significantly correlated with success rate of LTP-TS -forming GDCs. These findings will be of use and advance the preclinical and translational researches of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kijima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Suita, Japan
| | - Daisuke kanematsu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ema Yoshioka
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuyo Yamamoto
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukako Handa
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Asako Katsuma
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Nonaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Okita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Suita, Japan
| | - Naohiro Tsuyuguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, USA
| | - Takehiro Uda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kawashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junya Fukai
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kodama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masayuki Mano
- Department of Central Laboratory and Surgical Pathology, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Higuchi
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Togo K, Fukusumi H, Shofuda T, Ohnishi H, Yamazaki H, Hayashi MK, Kawasaki N, Takei N, Nakazawa T, Saito Y, Baba K, Hashimoto H, Sekino Y, Shirao T, Mochizuki H, Kanemura Y. Postsynaptic structure formation of human iPS cell-derived neurons takes longer than presynaptic formation during neural differentiation in vitro. Mol Brain 2021; 14:149. [PMID: 34629097 PMCID: PMC8504131 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00851-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of mature synaptic structures using neurons differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-neurons) is expected to be applied to physiological studies of synapses in human cells and to pathological studies of diseases that cause abnormal synaptic function. Although it has been reported that synapses themselves change from an immature to a mature state as neurons mature, there are few reports that clearly show when and how human stem cell-derived neurons change to mature synaptic structures. This study was designed to elucidate the synapse formation process of hiPSC-neurons. We propagated hiPSC-derived neural progenitor cells (hiPSC-NPCs) that expressed localized markers of the ventral hindbrain as neurospheres by dual SMAD inhibition and then differentiated them into hiPSC-neurons in vitro. After 49 days of in vitro differentiation, hiPSC-neurons significantly expressed pre- and postsynaptic markers at both the transcript and protein levels. However, the expression of postsynaptic markers was lower than in normal human or normal rat brain tissues, and immunostaining analysis showed that it was relatively modest and was lower than that of presynaptic markers and that its localization in synaptic structures was insufficient. Neurophysiological analysis using a microelectrode array also revealed that no synaptic activity was generated on hiPSC-neurons at 49 days of differentiation. Analysis of subtype markers by immunostaining revealed that most hiPSC-neurons expressed vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2). The presence or absence of NGF, which is required for the survival of cholinergic neurons, had no effect on their cell fractionation. These results suggest that during the synaptogenesis of hiPSC-neurons, the formation of presynaptic structures is not the only requirement for the formation of postsynaptic structures and that the mRNA expression of postsynaptic markers does not correlate with the formation of their mature structures. Technically, we also confirmed a certain level of robustness and reproducibility of our neuronal differentiation method in a multicenter setting, which will be helpful for future research. Synapse formation with mature postsynaptic structures will remain an interesting issue for stem cell-derived neurons, and the present method can be used to obtain early and stable quality neuronal cultures from hiPSC-NPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Togo
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohnishi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8514, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.,Faculty of Social Welfare, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-0823, Japan
| | - Mariko Kato Hayashi
- School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Health Sciences, Showa Women's University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 154-8533, Japan
| | - Nana Kawasaki
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical and Regenerative Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takei
- Department of Brain Tumor Biology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Takanobu Nakazawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yumiko Saito
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan
| | - Kousuke Baba
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Division of Bioscience, Institute for Datability Science, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuko Sekino
- Endowed Laboratory of Human Cell-Based Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Shirao
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan. .,Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fukusumi H, Togo K, Sumida M, Nakamori M, Obika S, Baba K, Shofuda T, Ito D, Okano H, Mochizuki H, Kanemura Y. Alpha-synuclein dynamics in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons from a Parkinson's disease patient (PARK4) with SNCA triplication. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:354-366. [PMID: 33301617 PMCID: PMC7876504 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the selective loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Lewy bodies (LBs), another histological hallmark of PD, are observed in patients with familial or sporadic PD. The therapeutic potential of reducing the accumulation of α‐synuclein, a major LB component, has been investigated, but it remains unknown whether the formation of LBs results in the loss of DA neurons. PARK4 patients exhibit multiplication of the α‐synuclein gene (SNCA) without any pathological mutations, but their symptoms develop relatively early. Therefore, study of PARK4 might help elucidate the mechanism of α‐synuclein aggregation. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of α‐synuclein during the early stage of immature DA neurons, which were differentiated from human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from either a PARK4 patient with SNCA triplication or a healthy donor. We observed increased α‐synuclein accumulation in PARK4 hiPSC‐derived DA neurons relative to those derived from healthy donor hiPSCs. Interestingly, α‐synuclein accumulation disappeared over time in the PARK4 patient‐derived DA neurons. Moreover, an SNCA‐specific antisense oligonucleotide could reduce α‐synuclein levels during the accumulation stage. These observations may help reveal the mechanisms that regulate α‐synuclein levels, which may consequently be useful in the development of new therapies for patients with sporadic or familial PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Togo
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Miho Sumida
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nakamori
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Obika
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Kousuke Baba
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kanemura Y, Fukusumi H, Handa Y, Shofuda T. DDIS-30. EVALUATION OF THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF NEURONS DERIVED FROM HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS TO ANTICANCER DRUGS FOR CNS TUMORS. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Various chemical substances, including pharmaceuticals, pose potential risks of inducing acute or delayed neurotoxicity in adults and causing developmental neurotoxicity in fetuses or children. To ensure the safety of chemical substances and drugs, neurotoxicity risk assessment is critical, and an appropriate evaluation platform for neurotoxicity is desired. At present, several anticancer reagents, including temozolomide, cisplatin, and etoposide, are used for treatment of high-grade astrocytic tumors or medulloblastomas. In comparison to lots of information about anti-tumor cells effects of these reagents, their neurotoxicity to normal neurons, especially human derived cells, have been poorly investigated because of the low accessibility of human central nervous system (CNS) tissues, the technical difficulties related to neuron isolation from adult human CNS tissues, and the higher ethical controversy surrounding the use of human CNS tissues and/or fetal cells compared to animal tissues or cells. In this study, to overcome these issues, we made human induced pluripotent stem cells derived neurons (hiPSC-neurons) for preparing alternative assay for in vitro test using primary human neuronal cells, and evaluated their susceptibility to six commonly used anticancer drugs (temozolomide, nimustine, cisplatin, etoposide, mercaptopurine, and methotrexate). Human iPSC-neurons were differentiated using 5-week monolayer culture from hiPSC-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (hiPSC-NSPCs) established by combination the dual SMAD inhibition method with neurosphere culture. In vitro cytotoxic effects of six drugs on hiPSC-neurons and their parental hiPSC-NSPCs were evaluated by ATP assay and immunocytostaining. The hiPSC-neurons were generally more resistant to the anticancer drugs than hiPSC-NSPCs, although a high dose of cisplatin decreased the levels of the neuronal marker protein ELAVL3/4 in the hiPSC-neurons after a 48-h drug treatment. These results suggest that our methodology is potentially applicable for efficient determination of the toxicity of any drug to hiPSC-neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonehiro Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation Research, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukako Handa
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fukusumi H, Handa Y, Shofuda T, Kanemura Y. Evaluation of the susceptibility of neurons and neural stem/progenitor cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells to anticancer drugs. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 140:331-336. [PMID: 31501056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Various chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, can induce acute or delayed neurotoxicity in humans. Because isolation of human primary neurons is extremely difficult, toxicity tests for these agents have been performed using in vivo or in vitro models. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be used to establish hiPSC-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (hiPSC-NSPCs), which can then be used to obtain hiPSC-neurons. In this study, we differentiated hiPSC-NSPCs into neurons and evaluated the susceptibility of hiPSC-neurons and parental hiPSC-NSPCs to anticancer drugs in vitro by ATP assay and immunocytostaining. The hiPSC-neurons were more resistant to anticancer drugs than the parental hiPSC-NSPCs. In the toxicity tests, high-dose cisplatin reduced the levels of ELAVL3/4, a neuronal marker, in the hiPSC-neurons. These results suggest that our methodology is potentially applicable for efficient determination of the toxicity of any drug to hiPSC-neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan
| | - Yukako Handa
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fukusumi H, Handa Y, Shofuda T, Kanemura Y. Small-scale screening of anticancer drugs acting specifically on neural stem/progenitor cells derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells using a time-course cytotoxicity test. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4187. [PMID: 29312819 PMCID: PMC5756610 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the development of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), various types of hiPSC-derived cells have been established for regenerative medicine and drug development. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) derived from hiPSCs (hiPSC-NSPCs) have shown benefits for regenerative therapy of the central nervous system. However, owing to their intrinsic proliferative potential, therapies using transplanted hiPSC-NSPCs carry an inherent risk of undesired growth in vivo. Therefore, it is important to find cytotoxic drugs that can specifically target overproliferative transplanted hiPSC-NSPCs without damaging the intrinsic in vivo stem-cell system. Here, we examined the chemosensitivity of hiPSC-NSPCs and human neural tissue—derived NSPCs (hN-NSPCs) to the general anticancer drugs cisplatin, etoposide, mercaptopurine, and methotrexate. A time-course analysis of neurospheres in a microsphere array identified cisplatin and etoposide as fast-acting drugs, and mercaptopurine and methotrexate as slow-acting drugs. Notably, the slow-acting drugs were eventually cytotoxic to hiPSC-NSPCs but not to hN-NSPCs, a phenomenon not evident in the conventional endpoint assay on day 2 of treatment. Our results indicate that slow-acting drugs can distinguish hiPSC-NSPCs from hN-NSPCs and may provide an effective backup safety measure in stem-cell transplant therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukako Handa
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kanemura Y, Sumida M, Okita Y, Yoshioka E, Yamamoto A, Kanematsu D, Handa Y, Fukusumi H, Nozaki Y, Takada A, Nonaka M, Nakajima S, Mori K, Goto S, Kamigaki T, Shofuda T, Moriuchi S, Yamasaki M. ATIM-22. ADOPTIVE IMMUNOTHERAPY USING LYMPHOKINE-ACTIVATED αβ T-CELLS IMPROVES TEMOZOLOMIDE-INDUCED LYMPHOPENIA IN PATIENTS WITH GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox168.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
13
|
Kanemura Y, Sumida M, Okita Y, Yoshioka E, Yamamoto A, Kanematsu D, Handa Y, Fukusumi H, Inazawa Y, Takada AI, Nonaka M, Nakajima S, Mori K, Goto S, Kamigaki T, Shofuda T, Moriuchi S, Yamasaki M. Systemic Intravenous Adoptive Transfer of Autologous Lymphokine-activated αβ T-Cells Improves Temozolomide-induced Lymphopenia in Patients with Glioma. Anticancer Res 2017; 37:3921-3932. [PMID: 28668896 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this clinical study, we investigated the safety and clinical usefulness of systemic adoptive immunotherapy using autologous lymphokine-activated αβ T-cells (αβ T-cells), combined with standard therapies, in patients with malignant brain tumors. Twenty-three patients with different malignant brain tumors, consisting of 14 treated with temozolomide (TMZ group) and 9 treated without temozolomide (non-TMZ group), received systemic intravenous injections of αβ T-cells (mean=10.4 injections/patient for the TMZ group, and 4.78 for the non-TMZ group). No significant adverse effects associated with the αβ T-cell injection were observed, and the total lymphocyte count (TLC) improved significantly in the TMZ group after five injections. Furthermore, CD8-positive or T-cell receptor V gamma -positive cells were increased with TLC in three patients with glioblastoma multiforme. These findings suggest that systemic αβ T-cell immunotherapy is well tolerated, and may help restore an impaired and imbalanced T-cell immune status, and temozolomide- and/or radiotherapy-induced lymphopenia. Future prospective study is needed to clarify the clinical merits of this immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonehiro Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan .,Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miho Sumida
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Okita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ema Yoshioka
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuyo Yamamoto
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kanematsu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukako Handa
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yui Inazawa
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - A I Takada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nonaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Shin Nakajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kanji Mori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shusuke Moriuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan.,Moriuchi Clinic of Neurosurgery, Izumiotsu, Japan
| | - Mami Yamasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Takatsuki General Hospital, Takatsuki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sugai K, Fukuzawa R, Shofuda T, Fukusumi H, Kawabata S, Nishiyama Y, Higuchi Y, Kawai K, Isoda M, Kanematsu D, Hashimoto-Tamaoki T, Kohyama J, Iwanami A, Suemizu H, Ikeda E, Matsumoto M, Kanemura Y, Nakamura M, Okano H. Pathological classification of human iPSC-derived neural stem/progenitor cells towards safety assessment of transplantation therapy for CNS diseases. Mol Brain 2016; 9:85. [PMID: 27642008 PMCID: PMC5027634 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-016-0265-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of tumorigenicity is a hurdle for regenerative medicine using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Although teratoma formation is readily distinguishable, the malignant transformation of iPSC derivatives has not been clearly defined due to insufficient analysis of histology and phenotype. In the present study, we evaluated the histology of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) generated from integration-free human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived iPSCs (iPSC-NSPCs) following transplantation into central nervous system (CNS) of immunodeficient mice. We found that transplanted iPSC-NSPCs produced differentiation patterns resembling those in embryonic CNS development, and that the microenvironment of the final site of migration affected their maturational stage. Genomic instability of iPSCs correlated with increased proliferation of transplants, although no carcinogenesis was evident. The histological classifications presented here may provide cues for addressing potential safety issues confronting regenerative medicine involving iPSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Sugai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryuji Fukuzawa
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8561, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Soya Kawabata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishiyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Higuchi
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawai
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Miho Isoda
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Office, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kanematsu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | | | - Jun Kohyama
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akio Iwanami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Eiji Ikeda
- Department of Pathology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sato K, Takahashi K, Shigemoto-Mogami Y, Ohtsu K, Kanemura Y, Shofuda T, Fukusumi H, Okada Y, Okano H, Shirao T, Sekino Y. Search for the human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons capable of detecting the CNS-specific toxicity. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2015.08.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
16
|
Fukusumi H, Shofuda T, Kanematsu D, Yamamoto A, Suemizu H, Nakamura M, Yamasaki M, Ohgushi M, Sasai Y, Kanemura Y. Feeder-free generation and long-term culture of human induced pluripotent stem cells using pericellular matrix of decidua derived mesenchymal cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55226. [PMID: 23383118 PMCID: PMC3561375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human ES cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are usually generated and maintained on living feeder cells like mouse embryonic fibroblasts or on a cell-free substrate like Matrigel. For clinical applications, a quality-controlled, xenobiotic-free culture system is required to minimize risks from contaminating animal-derived pathogens and immunogens. We previously reported that the pericellular matrix of decidua-derived mesenchymal cells (PCM-DM) is an ideal human-derived substrate on which to maintain hiPSCs/hESCs. In this study, we examined whether PCM-DM could be used for the generation and long-term stable maintenance of hiPSCs. Decidua-derived mesenchymal cells (DMCs) were reprogrammed by the retroviral transduction of four factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC) and cultured on PCM-DM. The established hiPSC clones expressed alkaline phosphatase, hESC-specific genes and cell-surface markers, and differentiated into three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. At over 20 passages, the hiPSCs cultured on PCM-DM held the same cellular properties with genome integrity as those at early passages. Global gene expression analysis showed that the GDF3, FGF4, UTF1, and XIST expression levels varied during culture, and GATA6 was highly expressed under our culture conditions; however, these gene expressions did not affect the cells’ pluripotency. PCM-DM can be conveniently prepared from DMCs, which have a high proliferative potential. Our findings indicate that PCM-DM is a versatile and practical human-derived substrate that can be used for the feeder-cell-free generation and long-term stable maintenance of hiPSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shofuda T, Kanematsu D, Fukusumi H, Yamamoto A, Bamba Y, Yoshitatsu S, Suemizu H, Nakamura M, Sugimoto Y, Furue MK, Kohara A, Akamatsu W, Okada Y, Okano H, Yamasaki M, Kanemura Y. Human Decidua-Derived Mesenchymal Cells Are a Promising Source for the Generation and Cell Banking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cell Med 2012; 4:125-47. [PMID: 26858858 DOI: 10.3727/215517912x658918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Placental tissue is a biomaterial with remarkable potential for use in regenerative medicine. It has a three-layer structure derived from the fetus (amnion and chorion) and the mother (decidua), and it contains huge numbers of cells. Moreover, placental tissue can be collected without any physical danger to the donor and can be matched with a variety of HLA types. The decidua-derived mesenchymal cells (DMCs) are highly proliferative fibroblast-like cells that express a similar pattern of CD antigens as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (BM-MSCs). Here we demonstrated that induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells could be efficiently generated from DMCs by retroviral transfer of reprogramming factor genes. DMC-hiPS cells showed equivalent characteristics to human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in colony morphology, global gene expression profile (including human pluripotent stem cell markers), DNA methylation status of the OCT3/4 and NANOG promoters, and ability to differentiate into components of the three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. The RNA expression of XIST and the methylation status of its promoter region suggested that DMC-iPSCs, when maintained undifferentiated and pluripotent, had three distinct states: (1) complete X-chromosome reactivation, (2) one inactive X-chromosome, or (3) an epigenetic aberration. Because DMCs are derived from the maternal portion of the placenta, they can be collected with the full consent of the adult donor and have considerable ethical advantages for cell banking and the subsequent generation of human iPS cells for regenerative applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Shofuda
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization , Chuo-ku, Osaka , Japan
| | - Daisuke Kanematsu
- † Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization , Osaka , Japan
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- † Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization , Osaka , Japan
| | - Atsuyo Yamamoto
- Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization , Chuo-ku, Osaka , Japan
| | - Yohei Bamba
- ‡ Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Sumiko Yoshitatsu
- § Department of Plastic Surgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization , Osaka , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- ¶ Biomedical Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals , Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki , Japan
| | - Masato Nakamura
- ¶Biomedical Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Japan; #Department of Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Sugimoto
- * Division of Chemotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University , Minato-ku, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Miho Kusuda Furue
- †† Laboratory of Stem Cell Cultures, Laboratory of Cell Cultures, Department of Disease Bioresources Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation , Ibaraki, Osaka , Japan
| | - Arihiro Kohara
- ‡‡ JCRB Cell Bank, Laboratory of Cell Cultures, Research on Disease Bioresources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation , Osaka , Japan
| | - Wado Akamatsu
- ‡ Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- ‡Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; §§Kanrinmaru-Project, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- ‡ Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Mami Yamasaki
- ¶¶Division of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan; ##Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan; **Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Takatsuki General Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- †Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan; ##Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pollack IF, Jakacki RI, Butterfield L, Okada H, Chiba Y, Hashimoto N, Kagawa N, Kinoshita M, Kijima N, Hirayama R, Oji Y, Tsuboi A, Oka Y, Sugiyama H, Yoshimine T, Valle RD, Tejada S, Inoges S, Idoate MA, de Cerio ALD, Espinos J, Aristu J, Gallego J, Calvo JP, Bendandi M, Zhu J, Chen C, Ravelo A, Yu E, Dhanda R, Schnadig ID, Zhang L, Fan H, Zhang I, Chen X, Wang H, Da Fonseca A, Badie B, Okada H, Butterfield LH, Hamilton RL, Mintz AH, Engh JA, Drappatz J, Lively MO, Chan MD, Salazar AM, Potter DM, Shaw EG, Lieberman FS, Wei J, Kong LY, Wang F, Xu S, Doucette TA, Ferguson SD, Yang Y, McEnery K, Jethwa K, Gjyshi O, Qiao W, Lang FF, Rao G, Fuller GN, Calin GA, Heimberger AB, Yang S, Archer GE, Miao H, Cui X, Xie W, Snyder D, Pretorian AJ, Dechkovskaia A, Reap E, Perez LAS, Norberg P, Schmittling R, Mitchell DA, Sampson JH, Wang F, Wei J, Gjyshi O, Kong LY, Xu S, Lang F, Calin G, Heimberger AB, Xu S, Wei J, Kong LY, Wang F, Calin G, Heimberger AB, Walker DG, Crough T, Beagley L, Smith C, Jones L, Khanna R, Hashimoto N, Tsuboi A, Chiba Y, Kijima N, Oka Y, Oji Y, Kinoshita M, Kagawa N, Yoshimine T, Sugiyama H, Kanemura Y, Sumida M, Yoshioka E, Yamamoto A, Kanematsu D, Matsumoto Y, Fukusumi H, Takada A, Nonaka M, Nakajima S, Mori K, Goto S, Kamigaki T, Maekawa R, Shofuda T, Moriuchi S, Yamasaki M, Yeung JT, Hamilton R, Jakacki R, Okada H, Pollack I, Pellegatta S, Eoli M, Antozzi C, Frigerio S, Bruzzone MG, Cuppini L, Nava S, Anghileri E, Cantini G, Prodi E, Ciusani E, Ferroli P, Saini M, Broggi G, Mantegazza R, Parati EA, Finocchiaro G, Hegde M, Corder A, Chow KK, Mukherjee M, Brawley VS, Heslop HE, Gottschalk S, Yvon E, Ahmed N, Gibo DM, Debinski W, Bonomo J, Rossmeisl J, Robertson J, Dickinson P, Salacz ME, Camarata PJ, Ots M, McIntire J, Lovick D, Mitchell DA, Archer G, Bigner D, Friedman H, Lally-Goss D, Perry B, Herndon J, McGehee S, McLendon R, Coleman RE, Sampson J, Hegde M, Grada Z, Byrd T, Shaffer DR, Ghazi A, Brawley VS, Corder A, Schonfeld K, Dotti G, Heslop H, Gottschalk S, Wels W, Baker ML, Ahmed N, Robbins JM, Dickinson PJ, York D, Sturges BK, Martin B, Higgins RJ, Bringas J, Bankiewicz K, Gruber HE, Jolly DJ, Narayana A, Mathew M, Kannan R, Madden K, Golfinos J, Parker E, Ott P, Pavlick A, Bota DA, Pretto C, Hantos P, Hofman FM, Chen TC, Carrillo JA, Schijns VE, Stathopoulos AA, Prins RM, Everson R, Soto H, Lisiero DN, Young E, Liau LM, Archer GE, Xie W, Norberg P, Dechkovskaia A, Friedman A, Bigner DD, Mitchell DA, Sampson JH, Boczkowski D, Mitchell DA, Gururangan SG, Grant G, Driscoll T, Archer G, King J, Boczkowski D, Xie W, Nair S, Perry B, Fuchs H, Kurtzberg J, Friedman H, Bigner D, Sampson J, Shevtsov MA, Pozdnyakov AV, Kim AV, Samochernych KA, Guzhova IV, Romanova IV, Margulis BA, Khachatryan WA. CLIN-IMMUNOTHERAPY/BIOLOGIC THERAPIES. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
19
|
Shofuda T, Kanematsu D, Fukusumi H, Yamamoto A, Bamba Y, Yoshitatsu S, Suemizu H, Nakamura M, Sugimoto Y, Furue MK, Kohara A, Akamatsu W, Okada Y, Okano H, Yamasaki M, Kanemura Y. Human Decidua-Derived Mesenchymal Cells are a Promising Source for the Generation and Cell Banking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cell Med 2012. [DOI: 10.3727/215517911x658918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
20
|
Yamazaki Y, Fukusumi H, Kamikubo H, Kataoka M. Role of the N-terminal region in the function of the photosynthetic bacterium transcription regulator PpsR. Photochem Photobiol 2008; 84:839-44. [PMID: 18282179 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00306.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PpsR is a transcription repressor for the gene cluster encoding photosystem genes in Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Repression activity is accomplished by DNA binding on the promoter regions of the photosystem gene clusters, and depends on both the redox potential and the presence of antirepressor protein AppA. To understand DNA repression regulation by PpsR, we investigated the function of PpsR domains in self-association for DNA binding. We constructed domain-deletion mutants and verified DNA-binding activity and dimer formation. Gel shift assay for measuring the DNA-binding activity of three sequential N-terminal deletion mutants revealed that N-terminal deletions (of minimum 121 residues) caused loss of binding activity. Size-exclusion gel chromatography revealed that deletion mutant which lacks the N-terminal 121-amino acid deletion mutant to exist as a dimer, although it was less stable than the intact PpsR. The mutants lacking the adjacent regions, Q-linker region and the first Per-Ant-Sim domain, did not form dimers, suggesting the involvement of the N-terminal region in dimer formation. This region is thus considered to be a functional domain in self-association, although not yet identified as a structural domain. Circular dichroism spectrum of the N-terminal region fragment exhibited a alpha/beta structure. We conclude that this region is a structural and functional domain, contributing to PpsR repression through dimer stabilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fukusumi H, Adolph RJ. Effect of dextran exchange upon the immersion hypothermic heart. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1970; 59:251-63. [PMID: 5445481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
22
|
|
23
|
Bariso CR, Gaffney TE, Fukusumi H, Holmes J, Fowler NO, Conradi EC. The effect of stress upon the performance of the amine-depleted heart. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1967; 156:294-9. [PMID: 6026260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
|
24
|
|
25
|
Inoue T, Toyoshima Y, Fukusumi H, Uemichi A, Inui K, Harada S, Hirohashi K, Kotani T, Shiraha Y. Factors necessary for successful replantation of upper extremities. Ann Surg 1967; 165:225-38. [PMID: 6017069 PMCID: PMC1617389 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-196702000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
26
|
Inoue T, Toyoshima Y, Fukusumi H, Uemichi A, Inui K, Harada S, Hirohashi K, Kotani T, Shiraha Y. Replantation of severed limbs. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 1967; 8:31-9. [PMID: 5336372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|