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De-Kayne R, Schley R, Barth JMI, Campillo LC, Chaparro-Pedraza C, Joshi J, Salzburger W, Van Bocxlaer B, Cotoras DD, Fruciano C, Geneva AJ, Gillespie R, Heras J, Koblmüller S, Matthews B, Onstein RE, Seehausen O, Singh P, Svensson EI, Salazar-Valenzuela D, Vanhove MPM, Wogan GOU, Yamaguchi R, Yoder AD, Cerca J. Why Do Some Lineages Radiate While Others Do Not? Perspectives for Future Research on Adaptive Radiations. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024:a041448. [PMID: 38692838 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the processes that drive phenotypic diversification and underpin speciation is key to elucidating how biodiversity has evolved. Although these processes have been studied across a wide array of clades, adaptive radiations (ARs), which are systems with multiple closely related species and broad phenotypic diversity, have been particularly fruitful for teasing apart the factors that drive and constrain diversification. As such, ARs have become popular candidate study systems for determining the extent to which ecological features, including aspects of organisms and the environment, and inter- and intraspecific interactions, led to evolutionary diversification. Despite substantial past empirical and theoretical work, understanding mechanistically how ARs evolve remains a major challenge. Here, we highlight a number of understudied components of the environment and of lineages themselves, which may help further our understanding of speciation and AR. We also outline some substantial remaining challenges to achieving a detailed understanding of adaptation, speciation, and the role of ecology in these processes. These major challenges include identifying factors that have a causative impact in promoting or constraining ARs, gaining a more holistic understanding of features of organisms and their environment that interact resulting in adaptation and speciation, and understanding whether the role of these organismal and environmental features varies throughout the radiation process. We conclude by providing perspectives on how future investigations into the AR process can overcome these challenges, allowing us to glean mechanistic insights into adaptation and speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi De-Kayne
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA
| | - Rowan Schley
- University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QE, United Kingdom
| | - Julia M I Barth
- Zoological Institute, Department of Environmental Science, University of Basel, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luke C Campillo
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, USA
| | - Catalina Chaparro-Pedraza
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Jahnavi Joshi
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Walter Salzburger
- Zoological Institute, Department of Environmental Science, University of Basel, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Darko D Cotoras
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California 94118, USA
| | - Carmelo Fruciano
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), 98122 Messina, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center, 61 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Anthony J Geneva
- Department of Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, New Jersey 08103, USA
| | - Rosemary Gillespie
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Joseph Heras
- Department of Biology, California State University, San Bernardino, California 92407, USA
| | | | - Blake Matthews
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Renske E Onstein
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, 2333CR Leiden, The Netherlands
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ole Seehausen
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
- Aquatic Ecology Division, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pooja Singh
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
- Aquatic Ecology Division, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Erik I Svensson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - David Salazar-Valenzuela
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático (BioCamb) e Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Recursos Genéticos, Facultad de Ciencias de Medio Ambiente, Universidad Indoamérica, Machala y Sabanilla, Quito EC170103, Ecuador
| | - Maarten P M Vanhove
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Guinevere O U Wogan
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anne D Yoder
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - José Cerca
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Nishijima C, Harada K, Katayama O, Kurita S, Morikawa M, Yamaguchi R, Fujii K, Misu Y, Kakita D, Shimada H. Association between perceived value of adopting new behaviors and incident disability among Japanese community-dwelling older adults. Prev Med 2024; 183:107976. [PMID: 38688347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This longitudinal observational cohort study aimed to clarify the relationship between perceived value (PV) to adopt new behaviors and incident disability in community-dwelling older adults. METHOD Participants were 5073 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years in Japan (Mage = 74.0 ± 5.6 years; female = 55.1%). The mean follow-up time was 34.5 months. Baseline data were collected during health checkups in a prospective cohort study. Measurements included engagement in physical activity (PA), cognitive activity (CA), and social activity (SA), PV, health and physical conditions, and demographic characteristics. PV was assessed by asking whether participants thought it was valuable to adopt new behaviors related to PA, CA, and SA. Participants were classified as having higher/lower PV, PA, CA, and SA. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the association between PV and incident disability. PV was examined both as an independent variable and in combination as follows: higher PV and higher PA/CA/SA (high/high); lower PV and higher PA/CA/SA (low/high); higher PV and lower PA/CA/SA (high/low); and lower PV and lower PA/CA/SA (low/low). RESULTS Higher PV was significantly associated with a lower hazard ratio (HR) for incident disability. The low/high, high/low, and low/low significantly increased the HR compared to high/high in the analyses of PV & PA and CA. The analysis of PV & SA showed that only low/low increased the HR compared to high/high. CONCLUSION Having both higher PV and higher activity engagement may contribute to preventing disability development. Both support for activities and value education in older adults may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Nishijima
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Kenji Harada
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurita
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kakita
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
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Kanemura Y, Yamamoto A, Katsuma A, Fukusumi H, Shofuda T, Kanematsu D, Handa Y, Sumida M, Yoshioka E, Mine Y, Yamaguchi R, Okada M, Igarashi M, Sekino Y, Shirao T, Nakamura M, Okano H. Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells Showed Neuronal Differentiation, Neurite Extension, and Formation of Synaptic Structures in Rodent Ischemic Stroke Brains. Cells 2024; 13:671. [PMID: 38667286 PMCID: PMC11048851 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality rates; however, effective treatments for ischemic stroke-related neurological dysfunction have yet to be developed. In this study, we generated neural progenitor cells from human leukocyte antigen major loci gene-homozygous-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-NPCs) and evaluated their therapeutic effects against ischemic stroke. hiPSC-NPCs were intracerebrally transplanted into rat ischemic brains produced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion at either the subacute or acute stage, and their in vivo survival, differentiation, and efficacy for functional improvement in neurological dysfunction were evaluated. hiPSC-NPCs were histologically identified in host brain tissues and showed neuronal differentiation into vGLUT-positive glutamatergic neurons, extended neurites into both the ipsilateral infarct and contralateral healthy hemispheres, and synaptic structures formed 12 weeks after both acute and subacute stage transplantation. They also improved neurological function when transplanted at the subacute stage with γ-secretase inhibitor pretreatment. However, their effects were modest and not significant and showed a possible risk of cells remaining in their undifferentiated and immature status in acute-stage transplantation. These results suggest that hiPSC-NPCs show cell replacement effects in ischemic stroke-damaged neural tissues, but their efficacy is insufficient for neurological functional improvement after acute or subacute transplantation. Further optimization of cell preparation methods and the timing of transplantation is required to balance the efficacy and safety of hiPSC-NPC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonehiro Kanemura
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan
| | - Atsuyo Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Asako Katsuma
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Daisuke Kanematsu
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Yukako Handa
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Miho Sumida
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Ema Yoshioka
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Yutaka Mine
- Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan;
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
- Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masayasu Okada
- Department of Brain Tumor Biology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Michihiro Igarashi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical, Dental Sciences Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan;
| | - Yuko Sekino
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
| | | | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
- Keio Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
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Yamaguchi R, Yamamoto T, Umeno D, Kamiya K, Kawai-Noma S. Imparting As(III) Responsiveness to the Choline Response Transcriptional Regulator BetI. ACS Omega 2024; 9:16035-16043. [PMID: 38617678 PMCID: PMC11007814 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The development of a low-cost and user-friendly sensor using microorganisms to monitor the presence of As(III) on earth has garnered significant attention. In conventional research on microbial As(III) sensors, the focus has been on transcription factor ArsR, which plays a role in As(III) metabolism. However, we recently discovered that LuxR, a quorum-sensing control factor in Vibrio fischeri that contains multiple cysteine residues, acted as an As(III) sensor despite having no role in As(III) metabolism. This finding suggested that any protein could be an As(III) sensor if cysteine residues were incorporated. In this study, we aimed to confer As(III) responsiveness to BetI, a transcriptional repressor of the TetR family involved in osmotic regulation of the choline response, unrelated to As(III) metabolism. Based on the BetI structure constructed using molecular dynamics calculations, we generated a series of mutants in which each of the three amino acids not critical for function was substituted with cysteine. Subsequent examination of their response to As(III) revealed that the cysteine-substituted mutant, incorporating all three substitutions, demonstrated As(III) responsiveness. This was evidenced by the fluorescence intensity of the downstream reporter superfolder green fluorescent protein expression regulated by the operator region. Intriguingly, the BetI cysteine mutant maintained its binding responsiveness to the natural ligand choline. We successfully engineered an OR logic gate capable of responding to two orthogonal ligands using a single protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Yamamoto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Umeno
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Kamiya
- Center
for Basic Education and Integrated Learning, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Shigeko Kawai-Noma
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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5
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Makino K, Doi T, Tsutsumimoto K, Katayama O, Yamaguchi R, Georg VF, Yamagiwa D, Makizako H, Shimada H. Impacts of Negative and Positive Life Events on Development of Social Frailty among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:690-696.e1. [PMID: 38431265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the impact of negative and positive life events on the development of social frailty. DESIGN Population-based longitudinal study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This study was set in the Japanese community cohort and included 2174 adults aged ≥65 years without social frailty at baseline. METHODS We assessed the experiences of 6 negative and positive life events (increase in economic difficulties, illness or injury of spouse, death of family or friends, marriage of children or grandchildren, birth of grandchildren or great-grandchildren, and making new friends) in the 15 months after baseline. We followed the social frailty status of the participants and identified the development of social frailty 48 months after the baseline. Social frailty was operationally defined as having 2 or more of Makizako's 5 items (going out less frequently, rarely visiting friends, not feeling helpful to friends or family, living alone, and not talking to someone daily). RESULTS Among 2174 participants without social frailty at baseline, 161 (7.4%) developed social frailty after 48 months. Multivariate logistic regression models on each life event and development of social frailty showed that illness or injury of spouse was significantly associated with a higher risk of subsequent social frailty [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.74; 95% CI, 1.10-2.74] and making new friends was significantly associated with lower risk of subsequent social frailty (adjusted OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.27-0.54). No significant ORs of social frailty were found for other life events. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Life events in later life have both positive and negative impacts on the development of social frailty, depending on the nature of the event. To prevent social frailty, it may be important to monitor negative life events and promote positive life events in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - von Fingerhut Georg
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Daiki Yamagiwa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Kinoshita H, Yamamoto M, Adachi Y, Yamaguchi R, Takemura A. Fascia Iliaca Block Reduces Remifentanil Requirement in Conscious Sedation for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation - A Randomized Clinical Trial. Circ J 2024; 88:475-482. [PMID: 36403975 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-22-0580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether nerve block improves the quality of conscious sedation (CS) in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is unclear. This study investigated whether fascia iliaca block (FIB) reduced the remifentanil requirement and relieved pain in CS for TAVI.Methods and Results: This prospective study randomized 72 patients scheduled for elective TAVI under CS into 2 groups, with (FIB) and without (control) FIB (n=36 in each group). The sedation targeted a Bispectral Index <90 with a Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale of -2 to -1. Dexmedetomidine (0.7 µg/kg, i.v.) combined with remifentanil (0.03 µg/kg/min, i.v.) and propofol (0.3 mg/kg/h, i.v.) was used to commence sedation. FIB using 30 mL of 0.185% ropivacaine was implemented 2 min before TAVI. Patient sedation was maintained with dexmedetomidine (0.4 µg/kg/h, i.v.) supplemented with remifentanil (0-0.02 µg/kg/min, i.v.). Remifentanil (20 µg, i.v.) was used as a rescue dose for intraprocedural pain. Compared with the control group, FIB reduced the both the total (median [interquartile range] 83.0 [65.0-98.0] vs. 34.5 [26.0/45.8)] µg; P<0.001) and continuous (25.3 [20.9/31.5] vs. 9.5 [6.8/12.5] ng/kg/min; P<0.001) doses of remifentanil administered. CONCLUSIONS FIB reduced the remifentanil requirement and relieved pain in patients undergoing TAVI with CS. Therefore, FIB improved the quality of CS in TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kinoshita
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hamamatsu Medical University
- Department of Anesthesiology, Toyohashi Heart Center
| | | | - Yuya Adachi
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center
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Tanaka N, Yamaguchi I, Yamaguchi R, Fujigaya T. Study of the electron-doping mechanism in single-walled carbon nanotubes using dimethylbenzimidazole. Faraday Discuss 2024; 250:390-399. [PMID: 37965763 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00128h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) exhibit p-type properties in air, necessitating electron doping using n-dopants (e.g., reducing agents) for the development of SWCNT-based electronic devices. Dimethylbenzimidazole (DMBI-H) derivatives serve as effective electron dopants, not only for SWCNTs, but also for various organic semiconducting materials. However, the doping reaction is still a subject of debate. In this study, the electron-doping reactions of ortho-methoxy-substituted DMBI-H for SWCNTs were analyzed in protic and aprotic solvents in the presence and absence of dioxygen (O2). The presence of O2 was found to cause the reduction of O2 on the SWCNT surface in the protic solvent, resulting in the production of DMBI cations and water through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) from the n-doped SWCNT and ethanol. This work elucidates the mechanism behind the air-stability of n-type SWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - I Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - R Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - T Fujigaya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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8
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Makino K, Raina P, Griffith LE, Lee S, Harada K, Katayama O, Tomida K, Morikawa M, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Fujii K, Misu Y, Shimada H. Lifetime Physical Activity and Late-Life Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:488-493.e3. [PMID: 38246592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Regular physical activity throughout life is generally recommended to prevent dementia; however, there is little evidence regarding the association between lifetime physical activity and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which often precedes dementia. This study aimed to examine the association of lifetime physical activity and their transitions with late-life MCI. DESIGN A population-based case-control study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 2968 Japanese community-dwelling older adults aged ≥70 years without dementia. METHODS We evaluated the participants' early-, mid-, and late-life physical activity habits and categorized their transitions across life stages. Cognitive functions in late life were assessed for memory, attention, executive function, and processing speed; functional impairment in one or more cognitive domains was defined as MCI. RESULTS Regular physical activity in early life was not significantly associated with late-life MCI [odds ratio (OR), 0.80; 95% CI, 0.63-1.02], although those in mid-life (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.51-0.81) and late-life (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59-0.91) were associated with lower odds of late-life MCI. Compared with nonexercisers, participants who acquired new habits of physical activity during mid- or late-life (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.55-0.91) and those who maintained physical activity throughout their life span (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42-0.87) had lower odds of late-life MCI; those who stopped regular activity during mid- or late-life did not (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.58-1.06). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS While physical activity throughout the life span is associated with the lowest odds of MCI, starting regular physical activity, even later in life, confers a benefit and should be encouraged as a "lifelong approach" to MCI risk reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan; McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Parminder Raina
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Labarge Centre for Mobility in Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren E Griffith
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Labarge Centre for Mobility in Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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9
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Nishijima C, Katayama O, Lee S, Makino K, Harada K, Morikawa M, Tomida K, Yamaguchi R, Fujii K, Misu Y, Shimada H. Association between the perceived value of adopting new behaviors and depressive symptoms among older adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4569. [PMID: 38403722 PMCID: PMC10894857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Early preventive measures against depression have become important with unprecedented global aging. Increase in one's perceived value (PV) may correspond to better mental health outcomes. This cross-sectional observation study aimed to clarify whether the PV of adopting new behaviors is associated with depressive symptoms. The participants were 5266 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years. We developed a questionnaire to measure the PV of adopting new behaviors, specifically activities beneficial for preventing depressive symptoms (physical, cognitive, and social activities) in older adults. The questionnaire asked whether adopting the ten selected behaviors was valuable. The scores were added, and the total score ranged from - 20 to 20. The odds ratios (OR) of depressive symptoms were calculated using binomial logistic regression according to the PV score quartiles. Depressive symptoms were reported by 595 (11.3%) participants. After adjusting for potential confounders, higher quartiles of PV scores were significantly associated with lower prevalence of depressive symptoms: vs Q1; Q2 OR 0.76 (95% confidence interval: 0.59-0.97); Q3 0.67 (0.51-0.87); Q4 0.54 (0.40-0.73) (P for trend < .001). Having a higher PV of adopting new behaviors may prevent depressive symptoms among older adults. Healthcare professionals need to pay attention to poor value orientation among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Nishijima
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Obu Center for Dementia Care Research and Practices, Obu, Aichi, 474-0037, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
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10
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Yasuhara K, Obayashi T, Ohki S, Okonogi S, Nagasawa A, Yamaguchi R, Kato Y, Miki T, Abe T. Effect of False Lumen Occlusion Treatment With AFX VELA TM, Candy-Plug Technique for Chronic Aortic Dissection. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2024:15385744241229594. [PMID: 38258617 DOI: 10.1177/15385744241229594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We sought to examine midterm results and remodeling effect of false-lumen occlusion treatment using AFX VELA in case of chronic dissection repair. MATERIAL AND METHODS From June 2019 to May 2022, we performed false lumen occlusion treatment using a modified Candy-Plug technique with AFX VELA on 8 chronic aortic dissection patients with a patent false lumen. We collected operative data, short-term clinical outcomes, mid-term clinical outcomes and imaging test results. We conducted follow-up examinations at postoperative, 6-month and 1-, 2- and 3-year intervals, including contrast-enhanced computed tomography to evaluate the diameter, false lumen thrombosis and any events. RESULTS The average time from the symptom onset to the thoracic endovascular repair was 81.5 (35-155) months. The aorta showed aneurysmal dilation with an average maximum short-axis diameter of 58.9 (41-91) mm. Two cases needed emergency surgery due to rupture and impending rupture. There were no postoperative deaths. Complete thrombosis within the false lumen was achieved in 6 cases (75%), but 2 cases had incomplete thrombosis, requiring additional treatment. The mean maximum diameter showed a significant decrease at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years postoperatively compared to preoperative measurements (P < .05). CONCLUSION We showed the results of false lumen occlusion treatment using the AFX VELA cuff. We observed favorable clinical outcomes and remodeling effects. While the long-term durability and efficacy of this technique in aortic remodeling will need to be monitored with further observation, the use of this cuff is considered a reliable approach to false lumen occlusion treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyomitsu Yasuhara
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Tamiyuki Obayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Shuichi Okonogi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Ayako Nagasawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kato
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Takao Miki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Abe
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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11
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Yamamoto M, Kagase A, Yamaguchi R, Tsunaki T. A case report on the 'cobra twist' technique: covering the posterior lobe of the left atrial appendage during percutaneous closure in a patient with challenging anatomy. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2024; 8:ytae018. [PMID: 38274705 PMCID: PMC10810268 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, 21-1 Gobutori, Oyamachyo, Toyohashi, 441-8530 Aichi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Center, 1-1-14, Sunadabashi, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-0045 Aichi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4, Yabutaminami, Gifu, 500-8384 Gifu, Japan
| | - Ai Kagase
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Center, 1-1-14, Sunadabashi, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-0045 Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, 21-1 Gobutori, Oyamachyo, Toyohashi, 441-8530 Aichi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tsunaki
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, 21-1 Gobutori, Oyamachyo, Toyohashi, 441-8530 Aichi, Japan
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12
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Morikawa M, Lee S, Makino K, Harada K, Katayama O, Tomida K, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Fujii K, Misu Y, Shimada H. Social isolation and risk of disability in older adults: Effect modification of metabolic syndrome. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 116:105209. [PMID: 37782966 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Delaying the onset of disabilities is a social challenge, especially in an aging society. Social isolation (SI) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) can coexist and pose the risks of disability onset. However, their interaction is not proven in older adults. Therefore, this study investigated whether SI combined with MetS exacerbates disability onset in older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 3,738 community-dwelling older adults underwent a health check-up. After baseline assessments, we followed them up to assess disability incidence for five years. SI was defined as a condition in which two or more of the following measures were met: domestic isolation, less social contact, and social disengagement. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. We used Cox proportional hazard regression used to identify the interaction effect of SI and MetS on the risk of disability onset after adjusting for potential confounding factors. RESULTS Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression showed a significant interaction effect of SI and MetS on disability onset. In the subgroup analysis stratified by MetS status, SI was identified as a risk factor for disability onset only in the MetS group, but not in the non-MetS group. CONCLUSIONS This five-year longitudinal study showed that the co-occurrence of SI and MetS increased the risk of disability onset in older adults. This indicates that the assessment of MetS in socially isolated older adults is important for healthcare providers to delay the onset of disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Morikawa
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
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13
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Katayama O, Stern Y, Habeck C, Lee S, Harada K, Makino K, Tomida K, Morikawa M, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Misu Y, Fujii K, Kodama T, Shimada H. Neurophysiological markers in community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment: an EEG study. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:217. [PMID: 38102703 PMCID: PMC10722716 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegeneration and structural changes in the brain due to amyloid deposition have been observed even in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). EEG measurement is considered an effective tool because it is noninvasive, has few restrictions on the measurement environment, and is simple and easy to use. In this study, we investigated the neurophysiological characteristics of community-dwelling older adults with MCI using EEG. METHODS Demographic characteristics, cognitive function, physical function, resting-state MRI and electroencephalogram (rs-EEG), event-related potentials (ERPs) during Simon tasks, and task proportion of correct responses and reaction times (RTs) were obtained from 402 healthy controls (HC) and 47 MCI participants. We introduced exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography-independent component analysis (eLORETA-ICA) to assess the rs-EEG network in community-dwelling older adults with MCI. RESULTS A lower proportion of correct responses to the Simon task and slower RTs were observed in the MCI group (p < 0.01). Despite no difference in brain volume between the HC and MCI groups, significant decreases in dorsal attention network (DAN) activity (p < 0.05) and N2 amplitude of ERP (p < 0.001) were observed in the MCI group. Moreover, DAN activity demonstrated a correlation with education (Rs = 0.32, p = 0.027), global cognitive function (Rs = 0.32, p = 0.030), and processing speed (Rs = 0.37, p = 0.010) in the MCI group. The discrimination accuracy for MCI with the addition of the eLORETA-ICA network ranged from 0.7817 to 0.7929, and the area under the curve ranged from 0.8492 to 0.8495. CONCLUSIONS The eLORETA-ICA approach of rs-EEG using noninvasive and relatively inexpensive EEG demonstrates specific changes in elders with MCI. It may provide a simple and valid assessment method with few restrictions on the measurement environment and may be useful for early detection of MCI in community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-Cho, Oyake, Yamashina-Ku, Kyoto, 607-8175, Japan.
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Christian Habeck
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kodama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-Cho, Oyake, Yamashina-Ku, Kyoto, 607-8175, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
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14
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Sunagawa J, Park H, Kim KS, Komorizono R, Choi S, Ramirez Torres L, Woo J, Jeong YD, Hart WS, Thompson RN, Aihara K, Iwami S, Yamaguchi R. Isolation may select for earlier and higher peak viral load but shorter duration in SARS-CoV-2 evolution. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7395. [PMID: 37989736 PMCID: PMC10663562 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, human behavior change as a result of nonpharmaceutical interventions such as isolation may have induced directional selection for viral evolution. By combining previously published empirical clinical data analysis and multi-level mathematical modeling, we find that the SARS-CoV-2 variants selected for as the virus evolved from the pre-Alpha to the Delta variant had earlier and higher peak in viral load dynamics but a shorter duration of infection. Selection for increased transmissibility shapes the viral load dynamics, and the isolation measure is likely to be a driver of these evolutionary transitions. In addition, we show that a decreased incubation period and an increased proportion of asymptomatic infection are also positively selected for as SARS-CoV-2 mutated to adapt to human behavior (i.e., Omicron variants). The quantitative information and predictions we present here can guide future responses in the potential arms race between pandemic interventions and viral evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Sunagawa
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hyeongki Park
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kwang Su Kim
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Scientific Computing, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ryo Komorizono
- Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences (LiMe), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sooyoun Choi
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Lucia Ramirez Torres
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Joohyeon Woo
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yong Dam Jeong
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - William S Hart
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robin N Thompson
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Kazuyuki Aihara
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Iwami
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
- Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan.
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan.
- Science Groove Inc, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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15
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Endo N, Tsukimoto R, Isono K, Hosoi A, Yamaguchi R, Tanaka K, Iuchi S, Yotsui I, Sakata Y, Taji T. MOS4-associated complex contributes to proper splicing and suppression of ER stress under long-term heat stress in Arabidopsis. PNAS Nexus 2023; 2:pgad329. [PMID: 38024402 PMCID: PMC10644990 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Plants are often exposed not only to short-term (S-) but also to long-term (L-)heat stress over several consecutive days. A few Arabidopsis mutants defective in L-heat tolerance have been identified, but the molecular mechanisms are less understood for this tolerance than for S-heat stress tolerance. To elucidate the mechanisms of the former, we used a forward genetic screen for sensitive to long-term heat (sloh) mutants and isolated sloh3 and sloh63. The mutants were hypersensitive to L- but not to S-heat stress, and sloh63 was also hypersensitive to salt stress. We identified the causal genes, SLOH3 and SLOH63, both of which encoded splicing-related components of the MOS4-associated complex (MAC). This complex is widely conserved in eukaryotes and has been suggested to interact with spliceosomes. Both genes were induced by L-heat stress in a time-dependent manner, and some abnormal splicing events were observed in both mutants under L-heat stress. In addition, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent unfolded protein response occurred in both mutants under L-heat stress and were especially prominent in sloh63, suggesting that enhanced ER stress is due to the salt hypersensitivity of sloh63. Splicing inhibitor pladienolide B led to concentration-dependent disturbance of splicing, decreased L-heat tolerance, and enhanced ER stress. These findings suggest that maintenance of precise mRNA splicing under L-heat stress by the MAC is important for L-heat tolerance and suppressing ER stress in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Endo
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Ryo Tsukimoto
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuho Isono
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Akito Hosoi
- NODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tanaka
- NODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iuchi
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Izumi Yotsui
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sakata
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Teruaki Taji
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
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Fujii K, Lee S, Katayama O, Makino K, Harada K, Tomida K, Morikawa M, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Misu Y, Shimada H. Difference in employment status and onset of disability among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: a prospective cohort study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:1225-1234. [PMID: 37486376 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This prospective cohort study investigates the relationship between the onset of disability and employment status. METHODS We investigated 3,741 community-dwelling adults aged 70 or older, who participated in a population-based cohort study in Japan. Their onset of disability was monitored monthly using the long-term care insurance certification registration system, for five years from baseline. Based on an employment status questionnaire, we categorized participants into three groups: (1) employee, (2) self-employed, and (3) not working. Covariates included demographic information, medical history, number of medications, educational level, living alone, social group engagement, smoking status, walking speed, instrumental activities of daily living, global cognitive function, and depressive symptoms. Missing values were managed using multiple imputation. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident disability risk by employment status. RESULTS The disability incidence rates were 15.3/1,000 (95% CIs: 10.7-22.0) person-years among employees, and 33.0/1000 (95% CIs: 24.4-44.6) and 39.6/1000 (95% CIs: 36.5-43.0) person-years among self-employed and non-working participants, respectively. The adjusted HRs for the onset of disability among non-working and self-employed participants were 1.69 (95% CIs: 1.16-2.46, p = 0.007) and 1.63 (95% CIs: 1.01-2.62, p = 0.044) compared with employees, respectively. Similar results were found among men. Among women, disability onset was not associated with employment status. CONCLUSIONS Older adults' risk of disability onset differed according to their employment status. Older employees had a lower risk of disability onset than those not working or self-employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Fujii
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
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Misu Y, Katayama O, Lee S, Makino K, Harada K, Tomida K, Morikawa M, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Fujii K, Shimada H. Reciprocal relationship between physical and social frailty among community-dwelling older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 114:105066. [PMID: 37245490 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both physical and social frailty are risk factors for major adverse health-related outcomes and influence each other. However, the longitudinal causal relationship between physical and social frailty has not been clarified. This study aimed to determine the reciprocal relationship between physical and social frailty by age group. METHODS This study analyzed longitudinal data from a cohort study of older adults aged 65 years or older living in Obu City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The study included 2568 participants who participated in both a baseline assessment in 2011 and a follow-up assessment four years later. Participants participated in assessments of physical and cognitive function. Physical frailty was assessed using the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Social frailty was assessed with five questions about daily social activities, social roles, and social relationships. A total frailty score was calculated for each frailty type and used in the cross-lagged panel analysis. The reciprocal relationship between physical and social frailty status was analyzed using a cross-lagged panel model in each of the young-old (n = 2006) and old-old (n = 562) groups. RESULTS In the old-old group, baseline physical frailty status predicted social frailty status four years later, and social frailty status at baseline predicted physical frailty status four years later. In the young-old group, the effect of social frailty status at baseline on physical frailty at four years was significant; however, the cross-lag effect from baseline physical frailty status to social frailty status at four years was insignificant, indicating that social frailty preceded physical frailty. CONCLUSION The reciprocal relationship between physical and social frailty differed by age group. The results of this study suggest the importance of considering age when planning strategies to prevent frailty. Although a causal relationship between both physical and social frailty was observed in old-old, social frailty preceded physical frailty in the young-old, suggesting that early prevention of social frailty is important for the prevention of physical frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
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Matsudaira I, Yamaguchi R, Taki Y. Transmit Radiant Individuality to Offspring (TRIO) study: investigating intergenerational transmission effects on brain development. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1150973. [PMID: 37840799 PMCID: PMC10568142 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1150973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intergenerational transmission is a crucial aspect of human development. Although prior studies have demonstrated the continuity of psychopathology and maladaptive upbringing environments between parents and offspring, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. We have begun a novel neuroimaging research project, the Transmit Radiant Individuality to Offspring (TRIO) study, which focuses on biological parent-offspring trios. The participants of the TRIO study were Japanese parent-offspring trios consisting of offspring aged 10-40 and their biological mother and father. Structural and functional brain images of all participants were acquired using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Saliva samples were collected for DNA analysis. We obtained psychosocial information, such as intelligence, mental health problems, personality traits, and experiences during the developmental period from each parent and offspring in the same manner as much as possible. By April 2023, we completed data acquisition from 174 trios consisting of fathers, mothers, and offspring. The target sample size was 310 trios. However, we plan to conduct genetic and epigenetic analyses, and the sample size is expected to be expanded further while developing this project into a multi-site collaborative study in the future. The TRIO study can challenge the elucidation of the mechanism of intergenerational transmission effects on human development by collecting diverse information from parents and offspring at the molecular, neural, and behavioral levels. Our study provides interdisciplinary insights into how individuals' lives are involved in the construction of the lives of their descendants in the subsequent generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Matsudaira
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Kumakura D, Yamaguchi R, Hara A, Nakaoka S. Disentangling the growth curve of microbial culture. J Theor Biol 2023; 573:111597. [PMID: 37598762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2023.111597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Many researchers have studied the population dynamics of microbe of microbes as a typical example of population dynamics. The Monod equation, which mainly focuses on the growth and stationary phases, is used when plotting a growth curve. However, the growth potential in the late stage of culture has been overlooked. Previous studies considered the direct degradation of products to the limiting substrate. In this study, we considered microbial growth during the stationary phase, which enables us to describe the dynamics precisely. The microbes were divided into two populations: one grew by consuming the limiting substrate and the other degraded the products by metabolism. According to the numerical analysis of our model, microbes may choose one of two strategies: one consumes substrates and expands quickly, and the other grows slowly while cleaning up the environment in which they thrive. Furthermore, we found three types of microbial growth depending on their ability to detect metabolite accumulation. Using experimentally measured data, this model can estimate the dynamics of cell density, the substrates, and the metabolites used. The model's disentangling of growth curves offers novel interpretive possibilities for culture system dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Kumakura
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan; Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Akane Hara
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance and Assessment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakaoka
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
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20
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Katoh Y, Ohki S, Yamaguchi R, Miki T, Nagasawa A, Okonogi S, Yasuhara K, Obayashi T. Direct Coronary Artery Reimplantation of Anomalous Aortic Origin of the Right Coronary Artery: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e45205. [PMID: 37842345 PMCID: PMC10576222 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery (AAOCA) is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality. Although AAOCA can cause angina, syncope, palpitations, and sudden cardiac death, most patients remain asymptomatic. A 60-year-old woman experienced occasional chest discomfort. A coronary computed tomography (CT) showed that the right coronary artery (RCA) originated from the left sinus of Valsalva, indicating AAORCA. Exercise myocardial scintigraphy revealed ischemia in the inferior wall. Cardiac catheterization showed stenosis in the ostium of the RCA. Therefore, direct reimplantation of the RCA into the right sinus was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass. The patient recovered uneventfully, postoperatively. Postoperative coronary CT showed no evidence of bending or stenosis in the RCA. Moreover, exercise scintigraphy showed no ischemic changes. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 18 after the resolution of chest discomfort and remained healthy for the following one year. AAORCA is a rare congenital abnormality that could lead to sudden cardiac death. Appropriate imaging studies and surgery should be performed in symptomatic patients with AAORCA who have inter-arterial paths between the ascending aorta and pulmonary artery with right coronary ostial stenosis. Reimplantation of the RCA directly into the right coronary sinus with adequate mobilization of the RCA is a simple procedure that can return the anatomic and biophysiologic status of AAORCA patients to normal and resolve most morphologic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Katoh
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, JPN
| | - Satoshi Ohki
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, JPN
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, JPN
| | - Takao Miki
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, JPN
| | - Ayako Nagasawa
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, JPN
| | - Shuichi Okonogi
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, JPN
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Kurita S, Doi T, Harada K, Katayama O, Morikawa M, Nishijima C, Fujii K, Misu Y, Yamaguchi R, Von Fingerhut G, Kakita D, Shimada H. Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome and Traffic Incidents in Older Drivers in Japan. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2330475. [PMID: 37624598 PMCID: PMC10457720 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.30475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance To prevent motor vehicle collisions by older drivers, the increased risk of collisions should be considered early. Cognitive decline increases the risk of car collisions. Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), characterized by the presence of cognitive concerns and slow gait, can be assessed conveniently and is useful to assess the risk of dementia. Objective To examine the association between MCR assessment findings and car collisions among older drivers in Japan. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used data from a community-based cohort study, the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Study of Geriatric Syndromes, conducted in Japan from 2015 to 2018. Participants were community-dwelling older adults aged at least 65 years. Data were analyzed from February to March 2023. Exposure MCR was defined as having subjective memory concerns (SMC) and slow gait. Participants were classified into 4 groups: no SMC or slow gait, only SMC, only slow gait, and MCR. Main Outcomes and Measures Participants were asked about the experience of car collisions during the last 2 years and near-miss traffic incidents during the previous year through face-to-face interviews. Odds of experiencing a collision or near-miss traffic incident were assessed using logistic regression. Results Among a total of 12 475 participants, the mean (SD) age was 72.6 (5.2) years, and 7093 (56.9%) were male. The group with only SMC and the group with MCR showed a higher proportion of both car collisions and near-miss traffic incidents than the other groups (adjusted standardized residuals > 1.96; P < .001). Logistic regression analysis showed the only SMC and MCR groups had increased odds of car collisions (only SMC group: odds ratio [OR], 1.48; 95% CI, 1.27-1.72; MCR group: OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.39-2.16) and near-miss traffic incidents (only SMC group: OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.91-2.25; MCR group: OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.85-2.45) after adjusting for confounding factors. After stratifying MCR assessments by objective cognitive impairment, significant associations were still observed. In the only slow gait group, objective cognitive impairment was associated with increased odds of car collisions (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.17-3.28). Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older drivers in Japan, SMC and MCR were associated with car collisions and near-miss traffic incidents independent from objective cognitive impairment. Future studies should examine the mechanism of these associations in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kurita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Science Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Georg Von Fingerhut
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kakita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Science Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Morikawa M, Lee S, Makino K, Harada K, Katayama O, Tomida K, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Fujii K, Misu Y, Mitsuhiro K, Shimada H. Sarcopenic Obesity and Risk of Disability in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults: A 5-Year Longitudinal Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023; 24:1179-1184.e1. [PMID: 37062369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have indicated that sarcopenic obesity is a risk factor for disability onset. However, these studies had disparities in terms of criteria for sarcopenia, study design, or study population. No longitudinal study has investigated the effect of sarcopenic obesity on disability onset in an Asian population using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria for sarcopenia definition. Herein, we aimed to investigate the longitudinal effect of sarcopenic obesity on disability onset in Japanese older adults and extend the generalizability of results to other populations. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 4197 Japanese older adults (mean age 74.6 ± 5.0 years, 54.2% women) formed our study population. MEASUREMENTS Sarcopenia was identified using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 algorithm. Obesity was determined when body fat percentage was ≥25%, or when visceral fat content was ≥100 cm2 for either sex. Disability onset was defined as a new case of long-term care insurance system certification for 5 years from baseline. Missing values were managed with multi-imputation. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used with disability onset as dependent variable and group (nonsarcopenia/nonobesity as a reference, nonsarcopenia/obesity, sarcopenia/non-obesity, possible sarcopenia/obesity, possible sarcopenia/non-obesity, sarcopenic obesity) as explanatory variable, and was adjusted for potential confounding factors. RESULTS When the nonsarcopenia/nonobesity group was used as the reference category, other groups such as possible-sarcopenia/nonobesity [hazard ratio (HR) 1.38, 95% confidential interval (95% CI) 1.29‒1.47, P < .028], possible-sarcopenia/obesity (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.46‒1.62 P < .001), sarcopenia/nonobesity (HR 2.09, 95% CI 1.96‒2.23, P < .001), and sarcopenic obesity (HR 2.48, 95% CI 2.24‒2.75, P < .001) showed significantly increased HRs. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The risk of disability onset because of sarcopenic obesity was exceedingly higher compared with sarcopenia alone among community-dwelling older adults in Japan The health providers should consider assessing the co-existence of sarcopenia and obesity to screen for the risk of disability onset in the community-dwelling population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Morikawa
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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23
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Nagasawa A, Nozawa Y, Katoh Y, Yamaguchi R, Miki T, Okonogi S, Yasuhara K, Ohki S, Obayashi T. [Tricuspid Valve Replacement for Isolated Tricuspid Valve Infective Endocarditis without Risk Factor]. Kyobu Geka 2023; 76:613-617. [PMID: 37500549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
A 78-year-old Japanese male with previous gastric cancer and untreated diabetes mellitus was admitted to hospital for persistent fever and leg edema. Blood culture was positive for Streptococcus angino'sus, and echocardiography showed isolated tricuspid valve infective endocarditis. Infection was controlled with intravenous antibiotics, but surgery was indicated because of persistent severe regurgitation and large vegetation of 15 mm in size. As the tricuspid valve anterior leaflet was extensively damaged, he underwent valve replacement using a bioprosthetic valve. The patient was discharged 25 days postoperatively with additional antibiotics, and he has been free from recurrent endocarditis for 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Nagasawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
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Isoda M, Sanosaka T, Tomooka R, Mabuchi Y, Shinozaki M, Andoh-Noda T, Banno S, Mizota N, Yamaguchi R, Okano H, Kohyama J. Mesenchymal properties of iPSC-derived neural progenitors that generate undesired grafts after transplantation. Commun Biol 2023; 6:611. [PMID: 37286713 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although neural stem/progenitor cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-NS/PCs) are expected to be a cell source for cell-based therapy, tumorigenesis of hiPSC-NS/PCs is a potential problem for clinical applications. Therefore, to understand the mechanisms of tumorigenicity in NS/PCs, we clarified the cell populations of NS/PCs. We established single cell-derived NS/PC clones (scNS/PCs) from hiPSC-NS/PCs that generated undesired grafts. Additionally, we performed bioassays on scNS/PCs, which classified cell types within parental hiPSC-NS/PCs. Interestingly, we found unique subsets of scNS/PCs, which exhibited the transcriptome signature of mesenchymal lineages. Furthermore, these scNS/PCs expressed both neural (PSA-NCAM) and mesenchymal (CD73 and CD105) markers, and had an osteogenic differentiation capacity. Notably, eliminating CD73+ CD105+ cells from among parental hiPSC-NS/PCs ensured the quality of hiPSC-NS/PCs. Taken together, the existence of unexpected cell populations among NS/PCs may explain their tumorigenicity leading to potential safety issues of hiPSC-NS/PCs for future regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Isoda
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
- Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sanosaka
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryo Tomooka
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
- Intractable Disease Research Centre, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Munehisa Shinozaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoko Andoh-Noda
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Satoe Banno
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Noriko Mizota
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
- Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Jun Kohyama
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Sunagawa J, Komorizono R, Park H, Hart WS, Thompson RN, Makino A, Tomonaga K, Iwami S, Yamaguchi R. Contact-number-driven virus evolution: A multi-level modeling framework for the evolution of acute or persistent RNA virus infection. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011173. [PMID: 37253076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses evolve in infected host populations, and host population dynamics affect viral evolution. RNA viruses with a short duration of infection and a high peak viral load, such as SARS-CoV-2, are maintained in human populations. By contrast, RNA viruses characterized by a long infection duration and a low peak viral load (e.g., borna disease virus) can be maintained in nonhuman populations, and the process of the evolution of persistent viruses has rarely been explored. Here, using a multi-level modeling approach including both individual-level virus infection dynamics and population-scale transmission, we consider virus evolution based on the host environment, specifically, the effect of the contact history of infected hosts. We found that, with a highly dense contact history, viruses with a high virus production rate but low accuracy are likely to be optimal, resulting in a short infectious period with a high peak viral load. In contrast, with a low-density contact history, viral evolution is toward low virus production but high accuracy, resulting in long infection durations with low peak viral load. Our study sheds light on the origin of persistent viruses and why acute viral infections but not persistent virus infection tends to prevail in human society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Sunagawa
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryo Komorizono
- Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences (LiMe), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hyeongki Park
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - William S Hart
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robin N Thompson
- Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Akiko Makino
- Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences (LiMe), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keizo Tomonaga
- Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences (LiMe), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shingo Iwami
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan
- Science Groove Inc., Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Kagase A, Yamamoto M, Adachi Y, Yamaguchi R. Rare complication of inadequate sealing caused by anchor slip through the fabric part in a left atrial appendage closure device. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2023; 7:ytad194. [PMID: 37181470 PMCID: PMC10170404 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytad194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ai Kagase
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Center, 1-1-14, Sunadabashi, Higashi-ku, Nagoya city, Aichi 461-0045, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamamoto
- Corresponding author. Tel: +81 532 37 3377, Fax: +81 532 36 3366, Emails: ,
| | - Yuya Adachi
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, 21-1, Gobudori, Ohyama-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8530, Japan
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27
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Tomida K, Lee S, Makino K, Katayama O, Harada K, Morikawa M, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Fujii K, Misu Y, Shimada H. Association of Loneliness With the Incidence of Disability in Older Adults With Hearing Impairment in Japan. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 149:439-446. [PMID: 37022721 PMCID: PMC10080402 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2023.0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Importance Loneliness is suggested to negatively affect physical and mental health and influence the development of disability; however, a consensus on the relationship between loneliness and disability has not been reached. Age-related hearing impairment worsens the daily-life activities of older adults, and the association between loneliness and the incidence of disability may be influenced by hearing impairment. Objective To examine the association between loneliness and the incidence of disability among older adults stratified by hearing impairment. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective observational cohort study included 5563 community-dwelling adults 65 years or older who participated in functional health examinations in Tokai City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, between September 2017 and June 2018. Data analysis was conducted from August 2022 to February 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association between loneliness and the incidence of disability stratified by hearing impairment. Results Among the 4739 participants who met the inclusion criteria (mean [SD] age, 73.8 [5.5] years; 2622 [55.3%] female), 3792 (80.0%) were without hearing impairment and 947 (20.0%) were with hearing impairment. Of those who reported experiencing loneliness, 1215 (32.0%) were without hearing impairment, and 441 (46.6%) were with hearing impairment. After 2 years, the number of individuals with disabilities was 172 (4.5%) without hearing impairment and 79 (8.3%) with hearing impairment. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed no statistically significant association between loneliness and the incidence of disability in a model adjusted for potential confounding factors among community-dwelling older adults without hearing impairment (hazard ratio, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.80-1.52). Among community-dwelling older adults with hearing impairment, a model adjusted for potential confounding factors showed a statistically significant association between loneliness and the incidence of disability (hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.04-2.81). Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study found that the association between loneliness and the incidence of disability was moderated by the presence or absence of hearing impairment. Hearing impairment is the most common symptom of geriatric syndromes, showing that among the various risk factors, loneliness may require special attention in the prevention of disability in people with hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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Yamaguchi R, Yamamoto T, Okamoto K, Harada S, Echizenya M, Tsutsumi T, Takada T. Teicoplanin and vancomycin as treatment for glycopeptide-susceptible Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia: a propensity score-adjusted non-inferior comparative study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2023; 78:1231-1240. [PMID: 36918748 PMCID: PMC10154127 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Limited evidence is available regarding alternative therapeutic agents to vancomycin in treating glycopeptide-susceptible Enterococcus faecium (GSEF) bacteraemia. This study assessed the effectiveness and safety of teicoplanin compared with vancomycin for treating GSEF bacteraemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a retrospective, non-inferiority cohort study. Patients aged ≥18 years who developed GSEF bacteraemia and received either teicoplanin or vancomycin were included. The primary effectiveness outcome was the clinical success at the end of treatment, with a generalized linear model using the propensity score for selecting the agent as a covariate. We used an absolute difference of 20% in clinical success as the non-inferiority margin. Using multivariable logistic regression, the primary safety outcome was the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI). RESULTS In total, 164 patients (74 and 90 in the teicoplanin and vancomycin groups, respectively) were included. Overall, 64.9% (48/74) and 48.9% (44/90) of patients in the teicoplanin and vancomycin groups, respectively, achieved the primary effectiveness outcome. A generalized linear analysis showed an adjusted effectiveness difference of 9.9% (95% CI, -0.9% to 20.0%; P = 0.07), indicating non-inferiority of teicoplanin versus vancomycin. The incidence of AKI was 8.1% (6/74) and 24.4% (22/90) in the teicoplanin and vancomycin groups, respectively, with an adjusted OR of 0.242 (95% CI, 0.068 to 0.864; P = 0.029), indicating significantly lower AKI risk in the teicoplanin than in the vancomycin group. CONCLUSIONS Teicoplanin is a safe and useful alternative therapeutic agent for treating GSEF bacteraemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehito Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,The Education Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koh Okamoto
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sohei Harada
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Echizenya
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tappei Takada
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamaguchi R, Katayama O, Lee S, Makino K, Harada K, Morikawa M, Tomida K, Nishijima C, Fujii K, Misu Y, Shimada H. Association of sarcopenia and systolic blood pressure with mortality: A 5-year longitudinal study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 110:104988. [PMID: 36921505 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.104988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Whether the combination of sarcopenia and systolic blood pressure (SBP) changes the risk of all-cause mortality is unknown. Thus, this study aimed to examine the association between sarcopenia and SBP in community-dwelling older adults and determine whether this association changes the mortality risk. METHODS Older adults aged ≥65 years participated in the baseline assessment. The participants were classified into six groups according to a combination of the presence or absence of sarcopenia (sarcopenia, non-sarcopenia) and SBP (low SBP, ≤119 mmHg; normal SBP, 120-139 mmHg; high SBP, ≥140 mmHg). The participants were followed for the occurrence of death for 5 years after baseline assessment. Muscle mass, grip strength, and walking speed as indicators of sarcopenia, SBP, and all-cause mortality data for 5 years from baseline assessment were evaluated. RESULTS This study included 13,569 community-dwelling older adults. During the 5-year follow-up period, 830 participants (6.6%) died. In the Cox proportional hazards models, the risk of all-cause mortality was higher in other non-sarcopenia groups than in the non-sarcopenia/normal SBP group. In particular, those with sarcopenia had a higher mortality risk. CONCLUSIONS Low or high SBP increased the mortality risk in community-dwelling older adults. In those with sarcopenia, low or high SBP was associated with an even higher mortality risk. Older adults with sarcopenia and low/high blood pressure should be monitored as a population at a higher mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Medical Science Division, Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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30
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Nakajima A, Yamaguchi R, Sasazaki M, Ishihara A, Yamauchi K. Adult male Xenopus laevis can tolerate months of fasting by catabolizing carbohydrates and lipids. J Comp Physiol B 2023; 193:227-238. [PMID: 36807773 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-023-01478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, has been reported to tolerate long-term fasting without dormancy. However, the strategies for energy acquisition during fasting are unclear in this species. We performed 3- and 7-month fasting experiments to investigate how the metabolism of male X. laevis changes during long-term fasting. We found that the levels of several serum biochemical parameters, such as glucose, triglycerides, and free fatty acids, as well as liver glycogen were reduced after 3 months of fasting, whereas after 7 months of fasting, triglyceride levels were reduced, and fat body wet weight was lower than that of fed group indicating the onset of lipid catabolism. In addition, transcript levels of gluconeogenic genes, such as pck1, pck2, g6pc1.1, and g6pc1.2, were increased in the livers of animals fasted for 3 months, suggesting upregulation of gluconeogenesis. Our results raise the possibility that male X. laevis can tolerate much longer fasting than previously reported by utilizing several energy storage molecules. Further investigation of the effects of prolonged fasting on the metabolic switches from carbohydrates to lipids or amino acids in X. laevis is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Nakajima
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Maya Sasazaki
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Akinori Ishihara
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Kiyoshi Yamauchi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
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31
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Kyogoku D, Yamaguchi R. Males and females contribute differently to the evolution of habitat segregation driven by hybridization. J Evol Biol 2023; 36:515-528. [PMID: 36721300 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Costly heterospecific mating interactions, such as hybridization, select for prezygotic reproductive isolation. One of the potential traits responding to the selection arising from maladaptive hybridization is habitat preference, whose divergence results in interspecific habitat segregation. Theoretical studies have so far assumed that habitat preference is a sexually shared trait. However, male and female habitat preferences can experience different selection pressures. Here, by combining analytical and simulation approaches, we theoretically examine the evolution of sex-specific habitat preferences. Habitat segregation can have demographic consequences, potentially generating eco-evolutionary dynamics. We thus explicitly consider demography in the simulation model. We also vary the degrees of species discrimination to examine how mate choice influences the evolution of habitat preferences. Results show that both sexes can reduce hybridisation risk by settling in the habitats where abundant conspecific mates reside. However, when females can discriminate species, excess conspecific male aggregation intensifies male-male competition for mating opportunities, posing an obstacle to conspecific aggregation. Meanwhile, conspecific female aggregation attracts conspecific males, by offering the mating opportunity. Therefore, under effective species discrimination, females play a leading role in initiating habitat use divergence. Simulations typically result in either the coexistence with established habitat segregation or the extinction of one of the species. The former result is especially likely when the species differ to some extent in habitat preferences upon secondary contact. Our results disentangle the selection pressures acting on male and female habitat preferences, deepening our understanding of the evolutionary process of habitat segregation due to hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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32
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Inoue M, Yamaguchi R, He CCJ, Ikeda A, Okano H, Kohyama J. Current status and prospects of regenerative medicine for spinal cord injury using human induced pluripotent stem cells: a review. Stem Cell Investig 2023; 10:6. [PMID: 36970397 PMCID: PMC10036917 DOI: 10.21037/sci-2022-037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord due to trauma or health conditions, resulting in lesions in the spinal cord. Currently, available treatment includes surgical intervention to decompress or stabilize a dislocated loose spine, steroid drugs to reduce inflammation, and subsequent rehabilitation. As there is a rising number of SCI globally, radical treatments to recover spinal cord functions have become highly anticipated. The development of new treatments is indeed progressing. Various therapeutic drug candidates are being developed in clinical trials, including neuroprotective/neurotrophic factors, antibodies for repulsive guidance molecules, and cell transplantation. Among them, with advances in stem cell biology, cell transplantation therapy is currently a promising therapeutic development for SCI. In particular, there have been various reports regarding the realization of regenerative medicine using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). This review will introduce the advantages of cell-based therapy based on iPSC-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (iPSC-NS/PCs) and some of their mechanisms of action for functional improvement, which have recently been elucidated. Potential challenges and methodologies to realize the clinical application of iPSC-NS/PCs not only for the subacute phase but also for the chronic phase of SCI will be presented. Finally, we also introduce recent research with a view to the clinical application of spinal cord regenerative therapy and discuss future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ching Chi Jimmy He
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ikeda
- Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Kohyama
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Yoshii S, Fukui R, Hattori S, Yamaguchi R, Fujimoto R, Aoyama H, Omata T. MR vessel wall enhancement in a pediatric focal cerebral arteriopathy. Brain Dev 2023; 45:354-359. [PMID: 36806407 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focal cerebral arteriopathy (FCA) is a common cause of childhood arterial ischemic stroke in previously healthy children. Although its mechanisms are poorly understood, recent studies have suggested inflammatory processes. Magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (VWI) is a potential imaging biomarker of inflammation. CASE DESCRIPTION We describe the case of a 7-year-old Japanese girl with right hemiplegia and dysarthria for 3 days. Brain MRI showed acute infarct in the left basal ganglia, and MRA and conventional cerebral angiogram detected vascular stenosis in the left distal internal carotid artery, left M1 and A1 segments. VWI revealed marked vessel wall enhancement and thickening in the left carotid artery, M1, and A2 segments. Based on imaging findings, she was diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke caused by FCA. Because VWI findings were thought to suggest vessel wall inflammation, high-dose steroid therapy was administered in addition to neuroprotective care and antithrombotic therapy. Although her clinical symptoms improved immediately, cerebral arteriopathy worsened on MRA a month after the onset. Subsequently, after 3 months of steroid therapy, vessel wall enhancement on VWI decreased, while arterial stenosis partially improved. At the follow-up 9 months after the onset, she had no recurrent stroke, her arteriopathy had stabilized. DISCUSSION Definitive evidence of inflammatory mechanisms in FCA is limited, and appropriate management and treatment strategies for FCA are undefined. VWI attempts to demonstrate pathologic processes within the vessel wall, and reversible wall enhancement observed in our patient suggested the presence of inflammation. VWI would help in the evaluation of disease activity in FCA. CONCLUSION VWI may contribute to the appropriate diagnosis and treatment for FCA to reflect active inflammation. Further work is needed to assess the utility of VWI in pediatric FCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Yoshii
- Division of Child Neurology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Rina Fukui
- Department of Radiology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinya Hattori
- Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Division of Child Neurology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujimoto
- Division of Child Neurology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromi Aoyama
- Division of Child Neurology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taku Omata
- Division of Child Neurology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
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Yoshimoto D, Sakamoto Y, Yamaguchi R, Naganawa H, Suzuki T. Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing in a Patient with Ebstein’s Anomaly from a Functional Right Atrium Using the Sheath-in-Sheath Technique. HeartRhythm Case Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrcr.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
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Morikawa M, Lee S, Makino K, Harada K, Katayama O, Tomida K, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Fujii K, Misu Y, Shimada H. Information and Communication Technology Use for Alleviation of Disability Onset in Socially Isolated Older Adults: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Gerontology 2022; 69:641-649. [PMID: 36587607 DOI: 10.1159/000528134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Delaying the onset of disability is important for maintaining independence and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults. Given that social isolation is a significant risk factor for disability, effective means associated with social isolation are needed to alleviate disability. Although information and communication technology (ICT) may be a reasonable measure considering the recent social contexts due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, further insights are required. This study aimed to investigate whether ICT use could alleviate the onset of disability in community-dwelling older adults with and without social isolation. METHODS This longitudinal cohort study on 4,346 community-dwelling independent Japanese older adults (mean age, 73.5±5.3 years) was conducted between 2017 and 2018. Participants were classified into four groups based on social isolation (the condition where two or more of the following measures were met: domestic isolation, less social contact, and social disengagement) and ICT users (those who had recently used a computer or a smartphone) and followed up to assess disability incidence for 24 months after baseline assessments. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to identify the effect of social isolation and ICT use on the risk of disability onset by adjusting by age, sex, education history, number of medications, eye disease, level of annual income, mini-mental state examination, geriatric depression scale 15, and gait speed. RESULTS Most participants belonged to the group of non-social isolation and ICT users (44.7%), followed by non-social isolation and ICT non-users (41.7%), social isolation and ICT non-users (8.2%), and social isolation and ICT users (5.4%). At the follow-up, 2.2%, 5.5%, 2.4%, and 12.4% of the participants in the above order developed disability (p < 0.01). Cox regression models revealed a significantly higher risk of disability onset in the social isolation and ICT non-users group than in the social isolation and ICT users group (HR=2.939; 95% Confidence interval [CI] 1.029-8.397; p=0.044). In the subgroup analysis stratified by social isolation, ICT use significantly reduced the risk of disability onset in the socially isolated group (HR=0.320; 95% CI 0.109-0.943; p=0.039), although the same association was not observed in the non-socially isolated group (HR=0.845; 95% CI 0.565-1.264; p=0.411). CONCLUSION ICT use can alleviate the onset of disability in socially isolated older adults in a community setting. Considering ICT-applied methods for alleviation of disability is beneficial for older adults in social isolation.
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Abstract
Genetic divergence among allopatric populations builds reproductive isolation over time. This process is accelerated when populations face a changing environment that allows large-effect mutational differences to accumulate, but abrupt change also places populations at risk of extinction. Here we use simulations of Fisher's geometric model with explicit population dynamics to explore the genetic changes that occur in the face of environmental changes. Because evolutionary rescue leads to the fixation of mutations whose phenotypic effects are larger on average compared with populations not at risk of extinction, these mutations are thus more likely to lead to reproductive isolation. We refer to the formation of new species from the ashes of populations in decline as the phoenix hypothesis of speciation. The phoenix hypothesis predicts more substantial hybrid fitness breakdown among populations surviving a higher extinction risk. The hypothesis was supported when many loci underlie adaptation. With only a small number of potential rescue mutations, however, mutations that fixed in different populations were more likely to be identical, with such parallel changes reducing isolation. Consequently, reproductive isolation builds fastest in populations subject to an intermediate extinction risk, given a limited number of mutations available for adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0808, Japan
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Bryn Wiley
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Sarah P. Otto
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
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Namiki J, Suzuki S, Shibata S, Kubota Y, Kaneko N, Yoshida K, Yamaguchi R, Matsuzaki Y, Masuda T, Ishihama Y, Sawamoto K, Okano H. Chitinase-like protein 3: A novel niche factor for mouse neural stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:2704-2717. [PMID: 36368330 PMCID: PMC9768575 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of a perivascular niche has been proposed for neural stem cells (NSCs). This study examined endothelial colony-forming cell (ECFC)-secreted proteins as potential niche factors for NSCs. Intraventricle infusion with ECFC-secreted proteins increased the number of NSCs. ECFC-secreted proteins were more effective in promoting NSC self-renewal than marrow stromal cell (MSC)-secreted proteins. Differential proteomics analysis of MSC-secreted and ECFC-secreted proteins was performed, which revealed chitinase-like protein 3 (CHIL3; also called ECF-L or Ym1) as a candidate niche factor for NSCs. Experiments with recombinant CHIL3, small interfering RNA, and neutralizing antibodies demonstrated that CHIL3 stimulated NSC self-renewal with neurogenic propensity. CHIL3 was endogenously expressed in the neurogenic niche of the brain and retina as well as in the injured brain and retina. Transcriptome and phosphoproteome analyses revealed that CHIL3 activated various genes and proteins associated with NSC maintenance or neurogenesis. Thus, CHIL3 is a novel niche factor for NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Namiki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan,Corresponding author
| | - Sayuri Suzuki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kubota
- Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Naoko Kaneko
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoshida
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan,Sumitomo Pharma Co. Ltd., Osaka, Osaka 541-0045, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan,Sumitomo Pharma Co. Ltd., Osaka, Osaka 541-0045, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsuzaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Masuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ishihama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sawamoto
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan,Corresponding author
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Nagasawa A, Yasuhara K, Miki T, Okonogi S, Yamaguchi R, Ohki S, Ohbayashi T. Parachute-Plug Technique for Treatment of Chronic Type B Dissecting Aneurysm With False Lumen Rupture. J Endovasc Ther 2022:15266028221133705. [DOI: 10.1177/15266028221133705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: False lumen rupture in type B aortic dissection is a life-threatening and difficult-to-treat disease. Recently, case reports showcased endovascular therapy for false lumen rupture with the candy-plug technique, but residual retrograde flow was a problem. Therefore, we created a new false lumen occluder, the parachute-plug, with improved sealing and fixation, and reported the experience of using this technique. Case Report: Our patient was a 43-year-old man diagnosed with false lumen rupture of type B aortic dissection. After recovery from profound shock, he underwent axilla-axilla crossover bypass and thoracic endovascular aortic repair landing from aortic arch zone II to the proximal celiac trunk. Aortography confirmed entry sealing but revealed persistent retrograde flow through the reentry tear into the false lumen. The parachute-plug, with long sealing and little gutter formation, was deployed into the false lumen adjacent to the distal landing zone of the thoracic stent graft. Final aortography revealed no residual antegrade or retrograde blood flow. The patient was discharged 28 days after surgery. At the 2-year follow-up, computed tomography angiography showed complete thrombosis of the false lumen and shrinkage of the aneurysm. Conclusion: The parachute-plug may be useful for treating false lumen rupture in type B aortic dissection. Clinical Impact The advantages of the parachute plug are longer sealing, better fixation, less gutter and easy preparation. Therefore, we believe it will allow us to treat chronic type B dissecting aortic aneurysms with rupture more safely and reliably than ever before, effectively reducing false lumen-related bleeding and improving survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Nagasawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kiyomitsu Yasuhara
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takao Miki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shuich Okonogi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tamiyuki Ohbayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Gunma, Japan
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Yamamoto M, Otsuka T, Shimura T, Yamaguchi R, Adachi Y, Kagase A, Tokuda T, Tsujimoto S, Koyama Y, Yashima F, Tada N, Naganuma T, Yamawaki M, Yamanaka F, Shirai S, Mizutani K, Tabata M, Ueno H, Takagi K, Watanabe Y, Hayashida K. Incidence, Timing, and Causes of Late Bleeding After TAVR in an Asian Cohort. JACC Asia 2022; 2:622-632. [PMID: 36393917 PMCID: PMC9660329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data regarding the incidence, predictive factors, and clinical outcomes of post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) bleeding is limited in the Asian cohort. OBJECTIVES This study sought to assess the predictors and prognostic impact of post-TAVR late bleeding. METHODS This study used the Japanese multicenter registry data to analyze 2,518 patients (mean age: 84.3 ± 5.2 years) who underwent TAVR. Late bleeding was defined as any postdischarge bleeding events after TAVR. Baseline characteristics, predictive factors, and clinical outcomes including death and rehospitalization were assessed in patients with and without late bleeding events. RESULTS The cumulative incidence rate of all and major late bleeding and ischemic stroke were 7.4%, 5.2%, and 3.4%, respectively, 3 years after TAVR. The independent predictive factors of late bleeding were low platelet count, high score (≥4) on the clinical frailty scale, and a New York Heart Association functional class III/IV. The cumulative mortality rates up to 3 years were significantly higher in patients with late bleeding than in those without bleeding (P < 0.001). The multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that late bleeding, included as a time-varying covariate in the model, was associated with an increased risk of mortality following TAVR (HR: 5.63; 95% CI: 4.28-7.41; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Late bleeding after TAVR was not a rare complication, and it significantly increased long-term mortality. It should be carefully managed, especially when it is predictable in the high-risk cohort, and efforts should be taken to reduce bleeding complications even after a successful procedure.
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Key Words
- AF, atrial fibrillation
- BARC, Bleeding Academic Research Consortium
- CFS, clinical frailty scale
- DAPT, dual antiplatelet therapy
- GI, gastrointestinal
- NYHA, New York Heart Association
- OAC, oral anticoagulant
- OR, odds ratio
- PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention
- SPAT, single antiplatelet therapy
- TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement
- clinical outcome
- late bleeding
- transcatheter aortic valve replacement
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Address for correspondence: Dr Masanori Yamamoto, Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, 21-1 Gobudori, Oyamachyo, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8530, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Otsuka
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Clinical Research, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shimura
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Yuya Adachi
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Ai Kagase
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tokuda
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Koyama
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Yashima
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Tada
- Department of Cardiology, Sendai Kosei Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toru Naganuma
- Department of Cardiology, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamawaki
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Yokohama City Eastern Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Futoshi Yamanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Shirai
- Department of Cardiology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kokura, Japan
| | | | - Minoru Tabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Bay Urayasu-Ichikawa Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueno
- Department of Cardiology, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kensuke Takagi
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yusuke Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hayashida
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Tokonami Y, Tawarahara K, Kanda T, Ishibashi H, Kato H, Nakamura N, Aoshima H, Matsukura G, Ozek M, Ukigai H, Takeuchi R, Yamaguchi R, Yamamoto M, Koide M. Emergency Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in a Surgical Aortic Bioprosthetic Valve for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Caused by Sudden Progression of Structural Valve Deterioration. Intern Med 2022; 62:1513-1519. [PMID: 36171127 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0459-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprosthetic aortic valves have limited durability. We herein report sudden progression of structural valve deterioration (SVD) and a successful case of emergency transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) implantation for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) caused by SVD. A 79-year-old man who had undergone a Bentall operation 11 years prior was diagnosed with ADHF due to suddenly progressive SVD. Emergency TAV implantation in the surgical bioprosthetic valve was selected based on the surgical risk. Ours and previous case reports suggest that SVD can progress suddenly, even after months of stability, and that emergency TAV implantation is effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tokonami
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Kei Tawarahara
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kanda
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Haruta Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakamura
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Gaku Matsukura
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Mariko Ozek
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ukigai
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, Japan
| | | | - Masaaki Koide
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Japan
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Yamaguchi R, Yamamoto T, Okamoto K, Tatsuno K, Ikeda M, Tanaka T, Wakabayashi Y, Sato T, Okugawa S, Moriya K, Suzuki H. Prospective audit and feedback implementation by a multidisciplinary antimicrobial stewardship team shortens the time to de-escalation of anti-MRSA agents. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271812. [PMID: 35905080 PMCID: PMC9337637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective audit and feedback (PAF) is considered an effective procedure for appropriate antibiotic use. However, its effect on the time to de-escalation is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of daily PAF implementation, focusing on the time to de-escalation of anti-methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) agents as an outcome measure. To this end, a single-center, retrospective, quasi-experimental study including patients treated with intravenous anti-MRSA agents during pre-PAF (April 1, 2014 to March 31, 2015) and post-PAF (April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016) periods was conducted. The time to de-escalation was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to assess the effect of daily PAF implementation on the time to de-escalation. Interrupted time series analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between daily PAF implementation and anti-MRSA agent utilization data converted to defined daily dose (DDD) and days of therapy (DOT) per 1,000 patient days. The median time to de-escalation was significantly shorter in the post-PAF period than in the pre-PAF period (6 days vs. 7 days, P < 0.001). According to multivariate analysis, PAF implementation was independently associated with a shorter time to de-escalation (hazard ratio [HR], 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 1.35). There were no significant differences in hospital mortality, 30-day mortality, and length of stay between the two periods. Interrupted time series analysis showed significant reductions in the trends of DDD (trend change, –0.65; 95% CI, –1.20 to –0.11) and DOT (trend change, –0.74; 95% CI, –1.33 to –0.15) between the pre-PAF and post-PAF periods. Daily PAF implementation for patients treated with intravenous anti-MRSA agents led to a shorter time to de-escalation and lower consumption of anti-MRSA agents without worsening the clinically important outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Takehito Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- The Education Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koh Okamoto
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Tatsuno
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mahoko Ikeda
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tomoaki Sato
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Okugawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoji Moriya
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamaguchi R, Okamoto K, Yamamoto T, Harada S, Tanaka T, Suzuki H, Moriya K. Impact of targeted intervention using a collaborative approach for oral third-generation cephalosporins: An interrupted time-series analysis. Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol 2022; 2:e115. [PMID: 36483396 PMCID: PMC9726576 DOI: 10.1017/ash.2022.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of a targeted intervention using a collaborative approach, added to a comprehensive educational intervention, to facilitate the appropriate use of oral third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs). DESIGN Quasi-experimental study. SETTING The University of Tokyo Hospital, a tertiary-care teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS Approximately 2,000,000 outpatients and 80,000 inpatients at the hospital between April 2017 and March 2020. INTERVENTION The targeted intervention using the collaborative approach was implemented in the departments with the highest use of oral 3GCs (ophthalmology and dermatology departments). Interrupted time-series analysis was applied to assess the change in days of therapy (DOT) of oral 3GCs between the preintervention period (April 2017-April 2019) and the postintervention period (May 2019-March 2020) for both inpatients and outpatients. RESULTS After the introduction of the targeted intervention with oral 3GCs, a significant immediate reduction of 13.48 DOT per 1,000 patient days was detected in inpatients (P < .001). However, no significant change in slope was observed before and after the intervention (-0.02 DOT per 1,000 patient days per month; P = .94). Although a temporary increase was observed after the targeted intervention in outpatients, the slope significantly decreased (-0.69 DOT per 1,000 outpatient visits per month; P = .044). No differences were observed in the use of other oral antibiotics after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS The targeted intervention contributed to a reduction in DOT of oral 3GCs in both inpatients and outpatients. Targeted interventions using a collaborative approach might be helpful in further decreasing the inappropriate use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacy, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koh Okamoto
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehito Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- The Education Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sohei Harada
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacy, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacy, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoji Moriya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Shibata K, Yamamoto M, Kameshima M, Fujiyama H, Sano T, Kagase A, Tokuda T, Adachi Y, Yamaguchi R, Shimura T, Iritani N, Murase K, Koyama Y. Impact of arm circumference on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. IJC Heart & Vasculature 2022; 40:101049. [PMID: 35601527 PMCID: PMC9118512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2022.101049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Shibata
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Nagoya Heart Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Canter, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Canter, Toyohashi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
- Corresponding author at: Department of cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Canter, 21-1 Gobudori, Oyamachyo, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8530, Japan.
| | - Masataka Kameshima
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Nagoya Heart Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujiyama
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Nagoya Heart Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taisei Sano
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Nagoya Heart Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ai Kagase
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Canter, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tokuda
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Canter, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuya Adachi
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Canter, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Canter, Toyohashi, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Iritani
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Toyohashi Heart Canter, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Kazuma Murase
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Toyohashi Heart Canter, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
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Higuchi T, Tanaka E, Inoue E, Abe M, Saka K, Sugano E, Sugitani N, Shimizu Y, Ochiai M, Yamaguchi R, Ikari K, Hisashi Y, Harigai M. AB0332 EVALUATION OF THE RABBIT RISK SCORE IN JAPANESE PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS NEWLY TREATED WITH BIOLOGIC DMARDS: DATA FROM THE IORRA COHORT. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundSerious infection is one of the most critical adverse events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). During the first year, infections occur more frequently. Therefore, estimating the risk of developing a serious infection is important for the safe use of bDMARDs. The Rheumatoid Arthritis Observation of Biologic Therapy (RABBIT) risk score predicted the incidence rate of serious infection during 1 year in patients with RA taking DMARDs. Moreover, it has been validated using data from various observational cohort studies and nationwide registries with favorable results, with a reported area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.68–0.871–5. However, the RABBIT risk score has not been validated in RA patients starting a first bDMARD.ObjectivesTo investigate the discriminatory ability of the RABBIT risk score for predicting the development of serious infection during 1 year after starting first bDMARDs in Japanese patients with RA using data from the Institute of Rheumatology, Rheumatoid Arthritis (IORRA) cohort.MethodsThe IORRA cohort is a large observational cohort at the Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University. Japanese patients with RA visiting our institute were registered and clinical parameters were assessed biannually. This study enrolled patients with RA who were registered in the IORRA cohort and treated with a first bDMARD. Patients who were missing data needed to calculate the RABBIT risk score were excluded. The RABBIT risk score was calculated using the patient’s age, comorbidities, Japanese-Health Assessment Questionnaire score, history of previous infections, and types of DMARDs used. Serious infections were defined as those requiring hospitalization or treatment with intravenous antibiotics. The occurrence of serious infection during 1 year after starting the first bDMARDs was identified using data from the biannual IORRA cohort and confirmed using medical records. The discriminatory ability of the RABBIT risk score was analyzed by the AUROC.ResultsA total of 1,081 patients with RA and a median age of 55.3 years, in which females were the majority (88.2%), were included. Serious infection occurred in eight patients during 1 year before starting their first bDMARDs. The number of patients starting a TNF inhibitor, IL-6 inhibitor, and abatacept were 830 (76.8%), 170 (15.7%), and 81 (7.5%), respectively. A total of 23 patients (1.7%) had serious infections during 1 year after starting the first bDMARD; the most frequent infection was pneumonia (n=16, 69.6%). The median RABBIT score was 2.3 (IQR 1.6–5.4) in patients with serious infections during the follow-up period, and 1.6 (IQR 1.2–2.5) in patients without serious infections. The discriminatory ability of the RABBIT risk score was slightly poor, with an AUROC of 0.67 (95% CI, 0.52– 0.79).ConclusionThe RABBIT risk score is highly practical; however, our present study suggested that some adjustments may be required to predict the risk of serious infection in Japanese patients with RA starting a first bDMARD.Figure 1.ROC curve of serious infection and RABBIT score with an AUROC of 0.67 (95% CI, 0.52– 0.79).Disclosure of InterestsTomoaki Higuchi: None declared, Eiichi Tanaka Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Asahi Kasei pharma co., Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Eisai Pharmaceutical, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Nippon Kayaku, Pfizer, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., and UCB Pharma., Paid instructor for: Abbvie, Asahi Kasei pharma co., Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Eisai Pharmaceutical, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Nippon Kayaku, Pfizer, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., and UCB Pharma., Eisuke Inoue Speakers bureau: Bristol-Meyers and Pfizer, Consultant of: Nippontect systems, Mai Abe: None declared, Kumiko Saka: None declared, Eri Sugano: None declared, Naohiro Sugitani: None declared, Yoko Shimizu: None declared, Moeko Ochiai: None declared, Rei Yamaguchi: None declared, Katsunori Ikari Speakers bureau: Asahi Kasei Pharma Corp., Astellas Pharma Inc., AbbVie Japan GK, Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Kaken Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp. Pfizer Japan Inc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Teijin Pharma Ltd and UCB Japan Co. Ltd., Yamanaka Hisashi: None declared, Masayoshi Harigai Speakers bureau: AbbVie Japan, Ayumi, Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly Japan, GlaxoSmithKline, Kissei, Pfizer Japan Inc, Takeda, Teijin, Consultant of: AbbVie Japan, Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Kissei, Teijin, Grant/research support from: AbbVie Japan, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Ayumi, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Kissei, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Nippon Kayaku, Sekiui Medical, Shionogi, Taisho, Takeda, Teijin.
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Adachi Y, Yamamoto M, Kagase A, Tsunaki T, Yamaguchi R. Successful Retrieval of a Disconnected WATCHMAN FLX in the Access Sheath Using an Endomyocardial Bioptome. Circ Rep 2022; 4:330-331. [PMID: 35860352 PMCID: PMC9257454 DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-22-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Adachi
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center
| | | | - Ai Kagase
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center
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Sunagawa J, Yamaguchi R, Nakaoka S. Evolving neural networks through bio-inspired parent selection in dynamic environments. Biosystems 2022; 218:104686. [PMID: 35525435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Environmental variability often degrades the performance of algorithms designed to capture the global convergence of a given search space. Several approaches have been developed to challenge environmental uncertainty by incorporating biologically inspired notions, focusing on crossover, mutation, and selection. This study proposes a bio-inspired approach called NEAT-HD, which focuses on parent selection based on genetic similarity. The originality of the proposed approach rests on its use of a sigmoid function to accelerate species formation and contribute to population diversity. Experiments on two classic control tasks were performed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method. The results show that NEAT-HD can dynamically adapt to its environment by forming hybrid individuals originating from genetically distinct parents. Additionally, an increase in diversity within the population was observed due to the formation of hybrids and novel individuals, which has never been observed before. Comparing two tasks, the characteristics of NEAT-HD were improved by appropriately setting the algorithm to include the distribution of genetic distance within the population. Our key finding is the inherent potential of newly formed individuals for robustness against dynamic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Sunagawa
- Department of Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Shinji Nakaoka
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
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Yamaguchi R, Matsudaira I, Takeuchi H, Imanishi T, Kimura R, Tomita H, Kawashima R, Taki Y. RELN rs7341475 associates with brain structure in japanese healthy females. Neuroscience 2022; 494:38-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Matsubayashi KW, Yamaguchi R. Adaptive and non‐adaptive causes of radiation: Is adaptation a harsh mistress of diversity? POPUL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/1438-390x.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
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Yamaguchi R. Intermediate dispersal hypothesis of species diversity: New insights. Ecol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
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Nakashita M, Takagi Y, Tanaka H, Nakamura H, Serizawa Y, Ukai T, Azuma K, Chiba H, Terada K, Nakanishi K, Fujikawa T, Saito K, Yamaguchi R, Mitsuhashi Y, Yano K, Shibuma T, Kuzuma A, Tsuda S, Sadamoto T, Ishii Y, Ohara T, Hitomi Y, Hiroshima T, Yamagishi T, Kamiya H, Anita S, Yahata Y, Shimada T, Arima Y, Suzuki M, Sekizuka T, Kuroda M, Sunagawa T. Singing Is a Risk Factor for SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case-control Study of Karaoke-related COVID-19 Outbreaks in Two Cities in Hokkaido, Japan, Linked by Whole Genome Analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac158. [PMID: 35531379 PMCID: PMC8992236 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Singing in an indoor space may increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We conducted a case-control study of karaoke-related COVID-19 outbreaks to reveal the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals who participate in karaoke.
Methods
Cases were defined as people who enjoyed karaoke at a bar and who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR between May 16 and July 3, 2020. Controls were defined as people who enjoyed karaoke at the same bar during the same period as the cases and tested negative. Odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) were calculated. ORs were adjusted by variables with significantly high odds ratio (aOR).
Results
We identified 81 cases, the majority of whom were active elderly individuals (median age: 75 years). Six cases died (case fatality ratio: 7%). Among the cases, 68 (84%) were guests, 18 of whom had visited more than two karaoke bars. A genome analysis conducted in 30 cases showed six types of isolates within four single-nucleotide variations difference. The case-control study revealed that singing (aOR 11.0, 95% CI, 1.2-101.0), not wearing a mask (aOR 3.7, 95% CI 1.2-11.2) and time spent per visit (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.7) were associated with COVID-19 infection.
Conclusions
A karaoke-related COVID-19 outbreak that occurred in two different cities was confirmed by the results of genome analysis. Singing in less-ventilated, indoor and crowded environments increases the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection. Wearing a mask and staying for only a short time can reduce the risk of infection during karaoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Nakashita
- Field Epidemiology Training Program, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Takagi
- Public Health Office, City of Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Haruna Nakamura
- Field Epidemiology Training Program, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Serizawa
- Field Epidemiology Training Program, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ukai
- Field Epidemiology Training Program, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Azuma
- Public Health Office, City of Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroko Chiba
- Public Health Office, City of Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Kayoko Saito
- Public Health Office, City of Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Public Health Office, City of Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Koichi Yano
- Public Health Office, City of Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Akemi Kuzuma
- Public Health Office, Otaru City, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | | | - Yasuhiko Ishii
- Hokkaido Government Department of Health and Welfare, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ohara
- Hokkaido Government Department of Health and Welfare, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hitomi
- Hokkaido Government Department of Health and Welfare, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takashi Hiroshima
- Hokkaido Government Department of Health and Welfare, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamagishi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Kamiya
- Center for Field Epidemiology Intelligence, Research, and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Samuel Anita
- Center for Field Epidemiology Intelligence, Research, and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yahata
- Center for Field Epidemiology Intelligence, Research, and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoe Shimada
- Center for Field Epidemiology Intelligence, Research, and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuzo Arima
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoi Suzuki
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sekizuka
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomimasa Sunagawa
- Center for Field Epidemiology Intelligence, Research, and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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