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Towards a realistic prediction of catalyst durability from liquid half-cell tests. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37470348 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02847j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Liquid half-cell measurements provide a convenient laboratory method for determining relevant parameters of electro-catalysts applied in e.g. polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. While these measurements may be effective in certain contexts, their applicability to real-world systems, such as single-cells in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) configuration, is not always clear. This is particularly true when assessing the stability of these systems through accelerated stress tests (ASTs). Due to different electrode compositions and operating conditions, nanoscale degradation proceeds differently. Nevertheless, given the high demands of MEA measurements in terms of time, testing equipment complexity, and amount of catalyst material, application-relevant predictions of catalyst durability from liquid half-cell tests are highly desirable. This study combines electrochemical and nanoparticle analysis based on transmission electron microscopy to conduct a typical voltage cycling AST for rotating disc electrode (RDE) measurements, showing that the loss of the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of the used Pt/Vulcan catalyst is strongly enhanced at 80 °C compared to room temperature, which goes along with increased nanoparticle coarsening. Additionally, a high ionomer/carbon mass ratio (I/C = 0.7) accelerates the ECSA loss, and further investigations of its influence suggest a combination of several factors, including the high local proton concentration and the presence of adsorbing anions. At the same temperature (80 °C) and I/C ratio (0.7), the ECSA loss vs. AST cycle number of the Pt/Vulcan catalyst is essentially identical for a voltage cycling AST conducted in either an RDE half-cell or an MEA configuration, suggesting that liquid electrolyte half-cell based ASTs can provide application-relevant results. Thus, our study points out a way for predicting the stability of electro-catalysts in MEAs based on RDE experiments that require less specialized equipment and only μg-quantities of catalysts.
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Abstract
Catalyst layers in proton exchange membrane fuel cells consist of platinum-group-metal nanocatalysts supported on carbon aggregates, forming a porous structure through which an ionomer network percolates. The local structural character of these heterogeneous assemblies is directly linked to the mass-transport resistances and subsequent cell performance losses; its three-dimensional visualization is therefore of interest. Herein we implement deep-learning-aided cryogenic transmission electron tomography for image restoration, and we quantitatively investigate the full morphology of various catalyst layers at the local-reaction-site scale. The analysis enables computation of metrics such as the ionomer morphology, coverage and homogeneity, location of platinum on the carbon supports, and platinum accessibility to the ionomer network, with the results directly compared and validated with experimental measurements. We expect that our findings and methodology for evaluating catalyst layer architectures will contribute towards linking the morphology to transport properties and overall fuel cell performance.
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Surface Oxygen Depletion of Layered Transition Metal Oxides in Li-Ion Batteries Studied by Operando Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:4743-4754. [PMID: 36623251 PMCID: PMC9880953 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A new operando spectro-electrochemical setup was developed to study oxygen depletion from the surface of layered transition metal oxide particles at high degrees of delithiation. An NCM111 working electrode was paired with a chemically delithiated LiFePO4 counter electrode in a fuel cell-inspired membrane electrode assembly (MEA). A propylene carbonate-soaked Li-ion conducting ionomer served as an electrolyte, providing both good electrochemical performance and direct probing of the NCM111 particles during cycling by ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The irreversible emergence of an oxygen-depleted phase in the O 1s spectra of the layered oxide particles was observed upon the first delithiation to high state-of-charge, which is in excellent agreement with oxygen release analysis via mass spectrometry analysis of such MEAs. By comparing the metal oxide-based O 1s spectral features to the Ni 2p3/2 intensity, we can calculate the transition metal-to-oxygen ratio of the metal oxide close to the particle surface, which shows good agreement with the formation of a spinel-like stoichiometry as an oxygen-depleted phase. This new setup enables a deeper understanding of interfacial changes of layered oxide-based cathode active materials for Li-ion batteries upon cycling.
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4
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On the role of pore constrictions in gas diffusion electrodes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8854-8857. [PMID: 35851630 PMCID: PMC9350991 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02844a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Water management by gas diffusion electrodes is a fundamental aspect of the performance of electrochemical cells. Herein, we introduce the characteristic constrictions size as a descriptor for microporous layers (MPL). This parameter is calculated by volumetric analysis of focused ion beam nanotomography and compared to mercury intrusion porosimetry measurements. A descriptor for the characteristic size of constrictions is introduced to evaluate the water saturation properties of gas diffusion electrodes.![]()
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H 2 Evolution from Electrocatalysts with Redox-Active Ligands: Mechanistic Insights from Theory and Experiment vis-à-vis Co-Mabiq. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13888-13902. [PMID: 34297556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic hydrogen production via transition metal complexes offers a promising approach for chemical energy storage. Optimal platforms to effectively control the proton and electron transfer steps en route to H2 evolution still need to be established, and redox-active ligands could play an important role in this context. In this study, we explore the role of the redox-active Mabiq (Mabiq = 2-4:6-8-bis(3,3,4,4-tetramethlyldihydropyrrolo)-10-15-(2,2-biquinazolino)-[15]-1,3,5,8,10,14-hexaene1,3,7,9,11,14-N6) ligand in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Using spectro-electrochemical studies in conjunction with quantum chemical calculations, we identified two precatalytic intermediates formed upon the addition of two electrons and one proton to [CoII(Mabiq)(THF)](PF6) (CoMbq). We further examined the acid strength effect on the generation of the intermediates. The generation of the first intermediate, CoMbq-H1, involves proton addition to the bridging imine-nitrogen atom of the ligand and requires strong proton activity. The second intermediate, CoMbq-H2, acquires a proton at the diketiminate carbon for which a weaker proton activity is sufficient. We propose two decoupled H2 evolution pathways based on these two intermediates, which operate at different overpotentials. Our results show how the various protonation sites of the redox-active Mabiq ligand affect the energies and activities of HER intermediates.
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6
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Li2CO3 decomposition in Li-ion batteries induced by the electrochemical oxidation of the electrolyte and of electrolyte impurities. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Frontispiece: Fast Lithium Ion Conduction in Lithium Phosphidoaluminates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202081462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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8
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Frontispiz: Fast Lithium Ion Conduction in Lithium Phosphidoaluminates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202081462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Abstract
Solid electrolyte materials are crucial for the development of high-energy-density all-solid-state batteries (ASSB) using a nonflammable electrolyte. In order to retain a low lithium-ion transfer resistance, fast lithium ion conducting solid electrolytes are required. We report on the novel superionic conductor Li9 AlP4 which is easily synthesised from the elements via ball-milling and subsequent annealing at moderate temperatures and which is characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. This representative of the novel compound class of lithium phosphidoaluminates has, as an undoped material, a remarkable fast ionic conductivity of 3 mS cm-1 and a low activation energy of 29 kJ mol-1 as determined by impedance spectroscopy. Temperature-dependent 7 Li NMR spectroscopy supports the fast lithium motion. In addition, Li9 AlP4 combines a very high lithium content with a very low theoretical density of 1.703 g cm-3 . The distribution of the Li atoms over the diverse crystallographic positions between the [AlP4 ]9- tetrahedra is analyzed by means of DFT calculations.
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Cover Feature: Polyanionic Frameworks in the Lithium Phosphidogermanates Li 2
GeP 2
and LiGe 3
P 3
- Synthesis, Structure, and Lithium Ion Mobility (Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 3/2020). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202070033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Li-ion half-cells studied operando during cycling by small-angle neutron scattering. J Appl Crystallogr 2020; 53:210-221. [PMID: 32047412 PMCID: PMC6998778 DOI: 10.1107/s160057671901714x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was recently applied to the in situ and operando study of the charge/discharge process in Li-ion battery full-cells based on a pouch cell design. Here, this work is continued in a half-cell with a graphite electrode cycled versus a metallic lithium counter electrode, in a study conducted on the SANS-1 instrument of the neutron source FRM II at the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum in Garching, Germany. It is confirmed that the SANS integrated intensity signal varies as a function of graphite lithiation, and this variation can be explained by changes in the squared difference in scattering length density between graphite and the electrolyte. The scattering contrast change upon graphite lithiation/delithiation calculated from a multi-phase neutron scattering model is in good agreement with the experimentally measured values. Due to the finite coherence length, the observed SANS contrast, which mostly stems from scattering between the (lithiated) graphite and the electrolyte phase, contains local information on the mesoscopic scale, which allows the development of lithiated phases in the graphite to be followed. The shape of the SANS signal curve can be explained by a core-shell model with step-wise (de)lithiation from the surface. Here, for the first time, X-ray diffraction, SANS and theory are combined to give a full picture of graphite lithiation in a half-cell. The goal of this contribution is to confirm the correlation between the integrated SANS data obtained during operando measurements of an Li-ion half-cell and the electrochemical processes of lithiation/delithiation in micro-scaled graphite particles. For a deeper understanding of this correlation, modelling and experimental data for SANS and results from X-ray diffraction were taken into account.
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12
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Direct PtSn Alloy Formation by Pt Electrodeposition on Sn Surface. Sci Rep 2020; 10:59. [PMID: 31919368 PMCID: PMC6952426 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56749-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical deposition is a viable approach to develop novel catalyst structures, such as Pt thin films on conductive support materials. Most studies, reaching out to control electrochemical deposition of Pt to monolayer quantities focus on noble metal substrates (e.g., Au). In contrast, conductive oxides, such as antimony doped tin oxide (ATO), are considered as support material for different applications, e.g., as fuel cell catalysts. Herein, we investigate the deposition process of Pt on Sn, used as a model system for the electrochemical deposition of Pt on non-noble metal oxide supports. Doing so, we shade some light on the differences of a metallic Sn surface and surface oxide species in electrochemical deposition processes. With respect to a borate buffer solution, containing K2PtCl4 as Pt precursor, we report for the first time that surface oxides have the capability to fully inhibit the electrochemical deposition of Pt. Furthermore, direct alloying of the deposited Pt with the Sn support during the electrodeposition process yielded a catalyst with a high activity for the oxidation of CO.
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14
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15
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Polyanionic Frameworks in the Lithium Phosphidogermanates Li
2
GeP
2
and LiGe
3
P
3
– Synthesis, Structure, and Lithium Ion Mobility. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201900228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Fast Ionic Conductivity in the Most Lithium-Rich Phosphidosilicate Li 14SiP 6. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14200-14209. [PMID: 31403777 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Solid electrolytes with superionic conductivity are required as a main component for all-solid-state batteries. Here we present a novel solid electrolyte with three-dimensional conducting pathways based on "lithium-rich" phosphidosilicates with ionic conductivity of σ > 10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature and activation energy of 30-32 kJ mol-1 expanding the recently introduced family of lithium phosphidotetrelates. Aiming toward higher lithium ion conductivities, systematic investigations of lithium phosphidosilicates gave access to the so far lithium-richest compound within this class of materials. The crystalline material (space group Fm3m), which shows reversible thermal phase transitions, can be readily obtained by ball mill synthesis from the elements followed by moderate thermal treatment of the mixture. Lithium diffusion pathways via both tetrahedral and octahedral voids are analyzed by temperature-dependent powder neutron diffraction measurements in combination with maximum entropy method and DFT calculations. Moreover, the lithium ion mobility structurally indicated by a disordered Li/Si occupancy in the tetrahedral voids plus partially filled octahedral voids is studied by temperature-dependent impedance and 7Li NMR spectroscopy.
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Electrocatalytic H
2
Evolution by the Co‐Mabiq Complex Requires Tempering of the Redox‐Active Ligand. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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18
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Singlet Oxygen Reactivity with Carbonate Solvents Used for Li-Ion Battery Electrolytes. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:8828-8839. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b08079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Ionic Conductivity Measurements-A Powerful Tool for Monitoring Polyol Reduction Reactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:13615-13624. [PMID: 29083194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of metal precursors during the polyol synthesis of metal nanoparticles was monitored by ex situ ionic conductivity measurements. Using commonly used platinum precursors (K2PtCl6, H2PtCl6, and K2PtCl4) as well as iridium and ruthenium precursors (IrCl3 and RuCl3), we demonstrate that their reduction in ethylene glycol at elevated temperatures is accompanied by a predictable change in ionic conductivity, enabling a precise quantification of the onset temperature for their reduction. This method also allows detecting the onset temperature for the further reaction of ethylene glycol with HCl produced by the reduction of chloride-containing metal precursors (at ≈120 °C). On the basis of these findings, we show that the conversion of the metal precursor to reduced metal atoms/clusters can be precisely quantified, if the reaction occurs below 120 °C, which also enables a distinction between the stages of metal particle nucleation and growth. The latter is demonstrated by the reduction of H2PtCl6 in ethylene glycol, comparing ionic conductivity measurements with transmission electron microscopy analysis. In summary, ionic conductivity measurements are a simple and straightforward tool to quantify the reduction kinetics of commonly used metal precursors in the polyol synthesis.
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Chemical versus Electrochemical Electrolyte Oxidation on NMC111, NMC622, NMC811, LNMO, and Conductive Carbon. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:4820-4825. [PMID: 28910111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We compare the stability of alkyl carbonate electrolyte on NMC111, -622, and -811, LNMO, and conductive carbon electrodes. We prove that CO2 and CO evolution onset potentials depend on the electrode material and increase in the order NMC811 < NMC111 ≈ NMC622 < conductive carbon ≈ LNMO, which we rationalize by two fundamentally different oxidation mechanisms, the chemical and the electrochemical electrolyte oxidation. Additionally, in contrast to the widespread understanding that transition metals in cathode active materials catalyze the electrolyte oxidation, we will prove that such a catalytic effect on the electrochemical electrolyte oxidation does not exist.
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Probing Transition-Metal Silicides as PGM-Free Catalysts for Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution in Acidic Medium. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10060661. [PMID: 28773022 PMCID: PMC5554042 DOI: 10.3390/ma10060661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this experimental study, we investigate various transition-metal silicides as platinum-group-metal-(PGM)-free electrocatalysts for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), and for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic environment for the first time. Using cyclic voltammetry in 0.1 M HClO4, we first demonstrate that the tested materials exhibit sufficient stability against dissolution in the relevant potential window. Further, we determine the HOR and HER activities for Mo, W, Ta, Ni and Mo-Ni silicides in rotating disk electrode experiments. In conclusion, for the HOR only Ni2Si shows limited activity, and the HER activity of the investigated silicides is considerably lower compared to other PGM-free HER catalysts reported in the literature.
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22
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Lithium Ion Mobility in Lithium Phosphidosilicates: Crystal Structure,7Li,29Si, and31P MAS NMR Spectroscopy, and Impedance Spectroscopy of Li8SiP4and Li2SiP2. Chemistry 2016; 22:17635-17645. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Identification of Catalyst Structure during the Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in an Operating PEM Fuel Cell. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Singlet Oxygen Formation during the Charging Process of an Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Battery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6892-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Singlet Oxygen Formation during the Charging Process of an Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Battery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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26
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Facile, ethylene glycol-promoted microwave-assisted solvothermal synthesis of high-performance LiCoPO4 as a high-voltage cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19767a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and rapid microwave-assisted solvothermal synthesis delivers hexagonal platelets of LiCoPO4 with tuned crystal orientations and leading-edge electrochemical properties.
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27
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Nanosized Carbon-Supported Manganese Oxide Phases as Lithium-Oxygen Battery Cathode Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201300331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Surface Composition Tuning of Au–Pt Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Carbon Monoxide and Methanol Electro-oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:7985-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ja402072r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Rechargeability of Li–air cathodes pre-filled with discharge products using an ether-based electrolyte solution: implications for cycle-life of Li–air cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:11478-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51112j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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30
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Stability of superoxide radicals in glyme solvents for non-aqueous Li–O2 battery electrolytes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:11830-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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31
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ChemInform Abstract: A Perovskite Oxide Optimized for Oxygen Evolution Catalysis from Molecular Orbital Principles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/chin.201211009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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A perovskite oxide optimized for oxygen evolution catalysis from molecular orbital principles. Science 2011; 334:1383-1385. [PMID: 22033519 DOI: 10.1126/science:1212858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of many energy storage technologies, such as rechargeable metal-air batteries and hydrogen production from water splitting, is limited by the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). We found that Ba(0.5)Sr(0.5)Co(0.8)Fe(0.2)O(3-δ) (BSCF) catalyzes the OER with intrinsic activity that is at least an order of magnitude higher than that of the state-of-the-art iridium oxide catalyst in alkaline media. The high activity of BSCF was predicted from a design principle established by systematic examination of more than 10 transition metal oxides, which showed that the intrinsic OER activity exhibits a volcano-shaped dependence on the occupancy of the 3d electron with an e(g) symmetry of surface transition metal cations in an oxide. The peak OER activity was predicted to be at an e(g) occupancy close to unity, with high covalency of transition metal-oxygen bonds.
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33
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Catalytic Activity Trends of Oxygen Reduction Reaction for Nonaqueous Li-Air Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:19048-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ja208608s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 480] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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34
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A Perovskite Oxide Optimized for Oxygen Evolution Catalysis from Molecular Orbital Principles. Science 2011; 334:1383-5. [PMID: 22033519 DOI: 10.1126/science.1212858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2077] [Impact Index Per Article: 159.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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35
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Design principles for oxygen-reduction activity on perovskite oxide catalysts for fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Nat Chem 2011; 3:546-50. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2024] [Impact Index Per Article: 155.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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36
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Platinum−Gold Nanoparticles: A Highly Active Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Rechargeable Lithium−Air Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:12170-1. [DOI: 10.1021/ja1036572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1092] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Modeling of Membrane-Electrode-Assembly Degradation in Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cells – Local H2 Starvation and Start–Stop Induced Carbon-Support Corrosion. MODERN ASPECTS OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-98068-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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39
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40
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H2 and CO Electrooxidation on Well-Characterized Pt, Ru, and Pt-Ru. 2. Rotating Disk Electrode Studies of CO/H2 Mixtures at 62 .degree.C. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100045a042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Electrooxidation of CO and H2/CO Mixtures on a Well-Characterized Pt3Sn Electrode Surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100022a002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Solubility of aluminosilicates in alkaline solutions and a thermodynamic equilibrium model. Ind Eng Chem Res 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ie00004a031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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H2 and CO Electrooxidation on Well-Characterized Pt, Ru, and Pt-Ru. 1. Rotating Disk Electrode Studies of the Pure Gases Including Temperature Effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100020a063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 445] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Oxygen Reduction on Platinum Low-Index Single-Crystal Surfaces in Sulfuric Acid Solution: Rotating Ring-Pt(hkl) Disk Studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100011a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 617] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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