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Lu JY, Pan HW, Sun EH, Li W, Wang HX, Zhao XL, Wang HC. [System analysis of the ecological distribution of bacteriophages in hospital wastewater]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 58:241-247. [PMID: 38387957 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230913-00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Phage therapy is one of the most important tools for the treatment of infections with multi-drug resistant bacteria. Such phages are usually isolated from hospital effluents, however, no systematic study on the distribution of phages in hospital effluents has been conducted so far. The aim of this study was to isolate the corresponding phages of common pathogenic bacteria isolated in the clinic as hosts, so as to assess the ecological distribution of phages in hospital wastewater and to provide a reference for the isolation and application of phages of drug-resistant bacteria in the clinic. A cross-sectional study design was used in this study. The 125 pathogenic bacteria (belonging to 16 different strains) isolated from the clinical microbiology laboratory of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from May to June 2023 were selected as the target strains, and the phages corresponding to these strains were isolated and purified from the hospital wastewater by using the double-layer plate sandwich method. At the same time, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in the same batch of wastewater was analyzed with the help of mNGS sequencing technology, so as to preliminarily investigate the abundance correspondence between pathogenic bacteria and phages in wastewater. The results showed that a total of 56 phage strains were isolated from 125 clinical pathogens as hosts, corresponding to six pathogens, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. All six pathogenic bacteria contained strains with different degrees of drug resistance, with a higher percentage of multi-drug resistant strains in A. baumannii, Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa. The phage acquisition rates of these six pathogens were, in descending order, Escherichia coli (80%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (75%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (70%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (66.67%), Acinetobacter baumannii (36.36%) and Staphylococcus aureus (12.5%). Preliminary mNGS sequencing results showed that the pathogenic bacteria with higher abundance in the batch of effluent were Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella aerogenes, Klebsiella michiganensis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, phages of most common clinical Gram-negative pathogens were isolated from hospital wastewater with high isolation rates; however, phages of Gram-positive pathogens were isolated at lower rates, and only phages corresponding to Staphylococcus aureus were isolated in this study. The corresponding mNGS sequencing results showed that the distribution of Gram-negative pathogens in sewage may had a positive correlation with the ecological distribution of phages.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lu
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - H W Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application,Jinan 250012, China
| | - E H Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application,Jinan 250012, China
| | - W Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application,Jinan 250012, China
| | - H X Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application,Jinan 250012, China
| | - X L Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - H C Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application,Jinan 250012, China
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Li YJ, Zhang Q, Wang HC. [Recent advances in the application of TAT, TM, t-PAIC and PIC in thromboembolism]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:1693-1703. [PMID: 37859391 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230507-00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Thromboembolism is a crucial part of the global disease burden. It has high incidence, high mortality and disability rates, and the mechanism of occurrence and development is extremely complex. It is difficult to detect the disease in the early stage so that we have trouble with clinical prevention and treatment in general. At present, four items of blood coagulation and D-dimer have been widely used in the evaluation and auxiliary diagnosis of thromboembolism, the monitoring of effect for antithrombotic drugs and other fields. The thrombus biomarkers including thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), thrombomodulin (TM), tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex (t-PAIC) and α2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex (PIC) fill the gap of laboratory diagnosis before clinical symptoms appear in some degree. This article aims to explain the current application status of TAT, TM, t-PAIC and PIC in thromboembolism and explore their potential application value, so as to provide a reference for selecting appropriate early monitoring indicators for high-risk population of thromboembolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Q Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - H C Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, China
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Gao X, Hou MJ, Fu XY, Wang HC, Shang ZH, Zhu HD. Effect of replacing corn straw by sweet sorghum silage or whole plant corn silage in sheep diets on rumen fermentation and bacterial flora. Animal 2023; 17:100906. [PMID: 37556919 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet sorghum silage (SS; Sorghum dochna 'Dochna') has been extensively studied in recent years as a supplementary forage-to-corn silage (CS; Zea mays L.), but there are still relatively few studies on its effects on the rumen environment of sheep. Determining the short-term impact of converting roughage from corn straws to SS compared to CS on rumen fermentation and bacterial population dynamics was the main goal of the current study. Twelve female thin-tailed Han sheep (29.8 ± 1.34 kg) were randomly divided into one of two treatments: concentrate supplemented with SS or CS, respectively. During the 15-day pretest period, concentrate was fed in two separate feedings at 0800 h and 1800 h, and ensure that the animals were all consumed within an hour of being fed. Thereafter, the animals had free access to corn straw. The feeding procedures during the pretest period were the same as during the measurement period. Rumen fluid was collected via sheep esophageal tube on the last day of adaptation phase (1-7 days) and stabilisation phase (8-30 days), respectively. The results showed that there was a similarity in the total concentration of VFA (volatile fatty acid) and the proportions of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and branched-chain VFA (P > 0.05) and microbial diversity indices (P > 0.05) between the two silage groups throughout the experimental period. The concentration of Ammonia nitrogen (P = 0.001) and proportion of valerate (P = 0.028) decreased in the CS and SS groups, respectively. The abundance and predicted function of rumen bacteria in the SS group did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between the two measurement phases. However, the abundance of Prevotella_1 (P = 0.038) was higher in the CS group than in the SS group at 7 d. The abundances of Firmicutes (P = 0.005) and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group (P = 0.002) increased, while the abundances of Bacteroidetes (P = 0.044), Proteobacteria (P = 0.046), and Prevotella_1 (P = 0.009) decreased in the CS group at 30 d. Genes related to pyruvate metabolism (P = 0.020) were significantly higher at 30 d than at 7 d, whereas purine metabolism (P = 0.007), pyrimidine metabolism (P = 0.007), and metabolic pathways (P = 0.010) were lower at 30 d in the CS group. In conclusion, this study indicated that SS maintained a steady rumen environment, while CS caused high fluctuations in bacterial abundance and predicted function for sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China
| | - M J Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China
| | - X Y Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China
| | - H C Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China.
| | - Z H Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - H D Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China
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Chi CY, Chen YP, Yang CW, Huang CH, Wang YC, Chong KM, Wang HC, Lien WC, Yang MF, Ma MHM, Huang CH, Chen ZC, Ko PCI. Characteristics, prognostic factors, and chronological trends of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests with shockable rhythms in Taiwan - A 7-year observational study. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:1972-1980. [PMID: 35216883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to explore the characteristics, predictors, and chronological trends of outcomes for adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) with shockable rhythms. METHODS A 7-year, community-wide observational study using an Utstein-style registry was conducted. Patients who were not transported, those who experienced trauma and those who lacked electronic electrocardiography data were excluded; those with initial shockable rhythms of ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT) were included. Outcomes were survival of discharge (SOD) and favorable neurological status (CPC 1-2). The outcome predictors, chronological trends, and their relationship with system interventions were analyzed. RESULTS Of the 1544 shockable OHCAs (incidence 12.6%) included, 97.6% had VF and 2.4% had pVT. VF showed better outcomes than pVT. Predictors for both outcomes (SOD; CPC 1-2) were chronological change (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.133; 1.176), younger age (aOR: 0.973; 0.967), shorter response time (aOR: 0.998; 0.999), shorter scene time (aOR: 0.999; 0.999), witnessed collapse (aOR: 1.668; 1.670), and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (BCPR) (aOR: 1.448; 1.576). Predictors for only SOD were public location (aOR: 1.450) and successful prehospital defibrillation (aOR: 3.374). The use of the supraglottic airway was associated with adverse outcomes. Chronologically with system interventions, BCPR rate, the proportion of shockable OHCA, and improved neurological outcomes increased over time. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of shockable OHCA remained low in Asian community. VF showed better outcomes than pVT. Over time, the incidence of shockable rhythm, BCPR rate and patient outcomes did improve with health system interventions. The number of prehospital defibrillations did not predict outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Chi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Pin Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Kah-Meng Chong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chih Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ching Lien
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Fen Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hua Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Patrick Chow-In Ko
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Leng YM, Zhou RR, Liu JJ, Wang HC, Chen J, Liu B. [Clinical features of vestibular syncope associated with tumarkin attacks in delayed endolymphatic hydrops]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:1194-1198. [PMID: 34749459 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201208-00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of vestibular syncope (VS) associated with drop attacks (DA) in delayed endolymphatic hydrops (DEH). Methods: DEH cases with complete data were retrospectively analyzed, including three DEH cases with DA and VS (VS group), and six DEH cases without DA or VS (control group). The clinical profile, the results of neurotological examinations [such as pure tone audiometry, electrocochleography (EcochG), caloric test, vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP), and video head impulse test (vHIT)] and treatment outcomes were analyzed. Results: (1) In the VS group, there were three cases of ipsilateral DEH; in the control group, there were six cases of ipsilateral type. One case in each group had a history of migraine. (2) The prevalence of abnormal results in caloric test, vHIT, cervical VEMP, and ocular VEMP in the VS group was 3/3, 1/3, 2/2, and 2/2, respectively, and in the control group was 3/6, 0/3, 1/6, and 4/6, respectively. Two cases in each group underwent EcochG, and no identifiable waveform was elicited on the affected side, and-SP/AP ratio of unaffected side was less than 0.4. (3) Patients in both groups were initially treated with conservative medication. Two cases in the VS group subsequently received intratympanic injections of dexamethasone. No DA or VS occurred during a follow-up period lasting over one year. All patients achieved good control of vertigo during the follow-up period. Conclusions: VS may occur in the patients with DEH. The differential diagnosis of syncope in patients with otogenic vertiginous disease can help improve clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Leng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - R R Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - J J Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - H C Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - B Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Lee YX, Tzeng CR, Hu YM, Chen CH, Chen CW, Liao CC, Chen LY, Weng YC, Wang HC, Huang RL, Lai HC. P–522 Cervical secretion methylation profile is associated with the success of frozen-thawed embryo transfer - a proof-of-concept study. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is cervical secretion gene methylation profile different between receptive and non-receptive endometrium and associated with implantation outcome in frozen-embryo transfer (FET) cycle?
Summary answer
The combination of candidate genes methylation profiles obtained from cervical secretion showed significant associations with pregnancy outcomes.
What is known already
Implantation failure remains a black box in reproductive medicine, and the exact mechanism of how endometrial receptivity is regulated is still unknown. Epigenetic modifications play a role in the gene expression pattern and may alter the endometrial receptivity in the human endometrium. Cervical secretion containing various implantation-related cytokines, and the gene methylation change can be used as a non-invasive molecular source that reflects the endometrium condition.
Study design, size, duration
In this retrospective case-control study, sixty-two women who entered the FET cycle (30 pregnant and 32 non-pregnant women) were enrolled.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Cervical secretion was collected before embryo transfer from women enrolled in multicenter university-affiliated reproductive units. The DNA methylation status of six candidate genes was measured using quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP). The correlation between methylation change and the pregnancy outcome was analyzed.
Main results and the role of chance
The candidate genes were selected from that associated with implantation with literature review and the original genome-wide DNA methylation data from NCBI GEO DataSets (GSE90060) which processed using bioinformatics analysis. Six candidate genes whose CpG-level methylation analysis with β-value statistically higher in receptive endometrium than in a pre-receptive endometrium were selected. All six candidate genes showed different degrees of correlation with the pregnancy outcomes. Among them, PRKAG2 methylation changes showed the highest correlation with the pregnancy outcome. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the performance of a single gene or a combination of genes for implantation prediction. The results showed a statistically significant association between the methylation status of a combination of genes (PRKAG2, KRS1, HAND2) and the pregnancy outcome (p = 0.008), resulting in an optimal AUC of 0.7 (95% CI: 0.57 - 0.81) for implantation prediction.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The results obtained from a relatively small cohort size. A larger study and further comprehensive methylome investigations are warranted.
Wider implications of the findings: This study is the first proof-of-concept study that cervical secretion methylation profile is associated with implantation outcome in a FET cycle, and showed potential as a non-invasive method for implantation prediction.
Trial registration number
non applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Lee
- Taipei Medical University, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
- Shuang Ho Hospital- Taipei Medical University, Translational epigenetics center, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C
- Taipei Fertility Center, Taipei Fertility Center, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - C R Tzeng
- Taipei Fertility Center, Taipei Fertility Center, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
- Taipei Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology- School of Medicine- College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Y M Hu
- Taipei Fertility Center, Taipei Fertility Center, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - C H Chen
- Taipei Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology- School of Medicine- College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
- Taipei Medical University Hospital, Division of Reproductive Medicine- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology-, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - C W Chen
- Shuang Ho Hospital- Taipei Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - C C Liao
- Shuang Ho Hospital- Taipei Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - L Y Chen
- Shuang Ho Hospital- Taipei Medical University, Translational epigenetics center, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C
- Shuang Ho Hospital- Taipei Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Y C Weng
- Shuang Ho Hospital- Taipei Medical University, Translational epigenetics center, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - H C Wang
- Taipei Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology- School of Medicine- College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - R L Huang
- Shuang Ho Hospital- Taipei Medical University, Translational epigenetics center, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C
- Taipei Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology- School of Medicine- College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
- Shuang Ho Hospital- Taipei Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - H C Lai
- Shuang Ho Hospital- Taipei Medical University, Translational epigenetics center, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C
- Taipei Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology- School of Medicine- College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
- Shuang Ho Hospital- Taipei Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C
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Chong KM, Chen JW, Lien WC, Yang MF, Wang HC, Liu SSH, Chen YP, Chi CY, Wu MCH, Wu CY, Liao ECW, Huang EPC, He HC, Yang HW, Huang CH, Ko PCI. Attitude and behavior toward bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation during COVID-19 outbreak. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252841. [PMID: 34161378 PMCID: PMC8221461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, have negative impacts on bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (BCPR) for fear of transmission while breaking social distancing rules. The latest guidelines recommend hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and facemask use. However, public willingness in this setup remains unknown. Methods A cross-sectional, unrestricted volunteer Internet survey was conducted to assess individuals’ attitudes and behaviors toward performing BCPR, pre-existing CPR training, occupational identity, age group, and gender. The raking method for weights and a regression analysis for the predictors of willingness were performed. Results Among 1,347 eligible respondents, 822 (61%) had negative attitudes toward performing BCPR. Healthcare providers (HCPs) and those with pre-existing CPR training had fewer negative attitudes (p < 0.001); HCPs and those with pre-existing CPR training and unchanged attitude showed more positive behaviors toward BCPR (p < 0.001). Further, 9.7% of the respondents would absolutely refuse to perform BCPR. In contrast, 16.9% would perform BCPR directly despite the outbreak. Approximately 9.9% would perform it if they were instructed, 23.5%, if they wore facemasks, and 40.1%, if they were to perform hands-only CPR. Interestingly, among the 822 respondents with negative attitudes, over 85% still tended to perform BCPR in the abovementioned situations. The weighted analysis showed similar results. The adjusted predictors for lower negative attitudes toward BCPR were younger age, being a man, and being an HCP; those for more positive behaviors were younger age and being an HCP. Conclusions Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, have negative impacts on attitudes and behaviors toward BCPR. Younger individuals, men, HCPs, and those with pre-existing CPR training tended to show fewer negative attitudes and behaviors. Meanwhile, most individuals with negative attitudes still expressed positive behaviors under safer measures such as facemask protection, hands-only CPR, and available dispatch instructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah-Meng Chong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Wei Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ching Lien
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Fen Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chih Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sot Shih-Hung Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Pin Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Chi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Marvin Chih-Hsien Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Edward Che-Wei Liao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Edward Pei-Chuan Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chin He
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Wen Yang
- Graduate Computer-Aided Engineering Group, Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hua Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Patrick Chow-In Ko
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Fang J, Sun Y, Sun XL, Wang HC, Lyu HX, Zhou YM. [Application of navigation system for dental implant in crossing-over the inferior alveolar nerve: a case report]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 56:377-379. [PMID: 33832041 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20201222-00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Fang
- Department of Oral Implantation, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Oral Implantation, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - X L Sun
- Department of Oral Implantation, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - H C Wang
- Department of Oral Implantation, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - H X Lyu
- Department of Oral Implantation, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Y M Zhou
- Department of Oral Implantation, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Pei-Chuan Huang E, Chiang WC, Lu TC, Wang CH, Sun JT, Hsieh MJ, Wang HC, Yang CW, Lin CH, Lin JJ, Yang MC, Huei-Ming Ma M. Barriers to bystanders defibrillation: A national survey on public awareness and willingness of bystanders defibrillation ☆. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 120:974-982. [PMID: 33218851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After years of setting up public automated external defibrillators (AEDs), the rate of bystander AED use remains low all over the world. This study aimed to assess the public awareness and willingness of bystanders to use AEDs and to investigate the awareness on the Good Samaritan Law (GSL) and the factors associated with the low rate of bystander AED use. METHODS Using stratified random sampling, national telephone interviews were conducted using an author-designed structured questionnaire. The results were weighted to match the census data in Taiwan. The factors associated with public awareness and willingness of bystanders to use AEDs were analysed by logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 1073 respondents, only 15.2% had the confidence to recognise public AEDs, and 5.3% of them had the confidence to use the AED. Concerns on immature technique and legal issues remain the most common barriers to AED use by bystanders. Moreover, only 30.8% thought that the public should use AEDs at the scene. Few respondents (9.6%) ever heard of the GSL in Taiwan, and less than 3% understood the meaning of GSL. Positive awareness on AEDs was associated with high willingness of bystanders to use AEDs. Respondents who were less likely to use AEDs as bystanders were healthcare personnel and women. CONCLUSION The importance of active awareness and the barriers to the use of AEDs among bystanders seemed to have been underestimated in the past years. The relatively low willingness to use AEDs among bystander healthcare providers and women needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Pei-Chuan Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chu Chiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin County, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chien Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Tang Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chih Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Jiun Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Yang
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin County, Taiwan.
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Yang JW, Jiang JH, Wang HC, Li CY. The extra domain A of fibronectin facilitates osteoclastogenesis in radicular cysts through vascular endothelial growth factor. Int Endod J 2019; 53:478-491. [PMID: 31654436 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the effects of the alternatively spliced fibronectin (FN) gene and its isoforms on osteoclastogenesis in radicular cysts. METHODOLOGY Specimens of radicular cysts were collected surgically from 22 patients whose radiolucent periapical areas were measured on digital panoramic radiographs before surgery. The associations between the radiolucent areas and FN isoforms, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression or micro-vessel density, as well as the relationships amongst them, were analysed by immunohistochemical staining using the antibodies IST-9, BC-1, P1F11, VEGF and CD34. Fibroblasts isolated from those specimens were used to induce Trap + MNCs, and the effects of induction were assessed by blocking FN containing extra domain A (EDA + FN), COX-2 or VEGF in vitro. The effects of EDA exon knockout using CRISPR/Cas system were also assessed. Quantitative PCR was used to analyse relative expression of FN isoforms and osteoclastogenic genes. Data were analysed using linear regression, Spearman's rank correlation analysis, chi-square test and Student's t-test; P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Micro-vessel density and EDA + FN staining were positively associated with the size of radiolucent periapical areas (mm2 ; P < 0.05), consistent with a positive association between Trap + MNCs and VEGF expression in fibroblasts (P < 0.05). Blocking the interaction between EDA + FN and fibroblasts inhibited Trap + MNC formation. In addition, EDA exon knockout decreased VEGF expression and inhibited Trap + MNC formation to the extent of blocking VEGF by bevacizumab, but osteoclastogenic induction was restored by recombinant VEGF. Using retrospective clinicopathological data, VEGF staining was shown to be positively associated with EDA + FN staining, micro-vessel density and the size of radiolucent areas (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In fibrous capsules of radicular cysts, the alternatively spliced isoform EDA + FN generated by fibroblasts stimulated VEGF expression via an autocrine effect and then facilitated osteoclastogenesis. Both blockage of VEGF and EDA exon knockout could be used to inhibit bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Digital Dentistry of Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - J H Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - H C Wang
- Department of Pathology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Y Li
- The Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Liu CY, Fu L, Wang HC, Wang N, Zhang YD, Zhou YM. [Research progress in graphene derivatives promoting bone regeneration]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 54:642-645. [PMID: 31550790 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Graphene derivatives are the new bioactive material with good physical and chemical properties and excellent biocompatibility. It has been found that graphene derivatives can improve the mechanical properties of biomaterials and promote the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-related cells, so as to promote implant-bone bonding and repair of bone defects. This makes it a research hotpot in the field of bone tissue regeneration. In this paper, the mechanism of graphene derivatives promoting bone regeneration and their application in the oral field were reviewed, so as to provide theoretical basis for their application in basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Ko YC, Sun JT, Chiang WC, Chien YC, Wang YC, Hsieh MJ, Chen JS, Yang CW, Wang HC, Ma MHM. The influence of advanced life support response time on patient outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Taipei. Resuscitation 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.06.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Chen J, Chiang WC, Sun JT, Ma MHM, Yang CW, Wang HC, Ko YC, Kajino K, Nishiuchi T, Lin CH, Ko PCI, Leong BSH, Ong MEH, Song KJ, Lee K, Karim SBSA, Khruekarnchana P, Alsakaf OA. Effects of age, gender, and response time on the outcomes of patients following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Asia. Resuscitation 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.06.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Li LR, Cui ZY, Wang HC, Song LX, Qi JH, Zhang PP, Han XQ, Wang HY. [Effects of ketotifen on fractional exhaled nitric oxide in patients with combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 31:1681-1683. [PMID: 29798127 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.21.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To study effects of ketotifen on fractional exhaled nitric oxide in patients with combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome.Method:One hundred and twelve patients with asthma were selected from department of respiration, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of science and technology from January 2016 to 2017 in March. Eighty-four patients with allergic rhinitis were selected as the subjects, Randomly divided into two groups,including observed group(n=42) and control group(n=42).The control group was treated with antitussive,expectorant and inhaled corticosteroids, while the observed group in the control group combined with ketotifen 1 mg 2/ day oral treatment,the changes of FeNO and IL-17 in the two groups were compared after one month treament.Result:Before treatment, two groups of patients in general IL-17 and fractional exhaled nitric oxide ware no significant difference(P> 0.05).After treatment, compared to the control group, the observed group was significantly more effective,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05);fractional exhaled nitric oxide in treatment group were lower than those in control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05,P< 0.01).And the observed group was lower than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant,t(P<0.05).Conclusion:Ketotifen significantly reduce the FeNO of allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome, reduce airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Li
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Z Y Cui
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - H C Wang
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - L X Song
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - J H Qi
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - P P Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - X Q Han
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - H Y Wang
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
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Li LR, Qi JH, Cui ZY, Wang HC, Zhang PP, Han XQ, Wang HY. [The effect of monrustet on the exhalation of nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines in patients with asthma combined with OSAHS]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 31:1589-1592. [PMID: 29797956 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.20.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To study the effect of monrustet on fractional exhaled nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines in the elderly with bronchial asthma combined obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.Method:150 cases diagnosed as asthma were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into bronchial asthma combined with OSAHS (n=72)and bronchial asthma (n=78). According to the different treatment methods , patients were divided into observation group and control group. Two groups were given common treatment with inhaled corticosteroids, and the observation group was taken orally montrast 10mg/night additionally. The fractional exhaled nitric oxide was detected before and after treatment. Serum were collected for detection of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNR-α), Creactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), according to the sleep monitoring results, the sleep apnea low ventilation index (AHI) was calculated, and the changes of FeNO level,CRP,TNR-α,IL-6 and AHI were analyzed in the two groups.Result:Before treatment, the gender, age, degree of disease, FeNO level,TNR-α, CRP,IL-6 and AHI differences were not statistically significant in the two groups (P>0.05).After treatment, both groups of FeNO, TNR-α,CRP,IL-6 and AHI decreased before treatment (P < 0.05).The observation group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (FeNO level, AHIP< 0.01,TNR-α, CRP,IL-6 P< 0.05).Conclusion::Montelukast can reduce the FeNO level, the expression of TNR-α, CRP, and IL-6 of patients of bronchial asthma combined with OSAHS. Further improvement of the patient's condition, and provide reference value for the clinical medicine of patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Li
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000,China
| | - J H Qi
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000,China
| | - Z Y Cui
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000,China
| | - H C Wang
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000,China
| | - P P Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000,China
| | - X Q Han
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000,China
| | - H Y Wang
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000,China
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Lin WS, Chi CY, Wu CH, Yang MF, Chong KM, Wang HC, Hu CH, Liu FZ, Yen FP, Wang YC, Hsiao HY, Chen YW, Ma MHM, Ko PCI. Quality assessment of instructions for dispatcher-assisted telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DATCPR) performed between emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and registered nurses (RNs). Resuscitation 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.07.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Wu CH, Chi CY, Chong KM, Wang HC, Yang MF, Chen YB, Lin WS, Chen JW, Hu CH, Liu FZ, Yen FP, Wang YC, Hsiao HY, Chen YW, Ma MHM, Ko PCI. The influence of ongoing bystander chest compressions (BCC) upon calling-in on dispatcher-assisted telephonecardiopulmonary resuscitation (DATCPR) performance and its effects on chest compressions continuances. Resuscitation 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.07.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang HC, Shih YC, Tseng YS, Chen CL, Lee TH, Yang KC. 4930Cardiac fibroblast-enriched long non-coding RNA lnc-fibrogen promotes myocardial fibrosis by sponging miR-29a. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.4930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H C Wang
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Y C Shih
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Y S Tseng
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - C L Chen
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - T H Lee
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - K C Yang
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
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Wang CH, Huang CH, Chang WT, Fu CM, Wang HC, Tsai MS, Yu PH, Wu YW, Ma MHM, Chen WJ. Associations between body size and outcomes of adult in-hospital cardiac arrest: A retrospective cohort study. Resuscitation 2018; 130:67-72. [PMID: 29990579 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Animal studies have demonstrated that hemodynamic-directed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves outcomes following cardiac arrest compared with the "one-size-fits-all" algorithm. We investigated whether body size of patients is correlated with outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). METHODS A retrospective study in a single centre was conducted. Adult patients experiencing IHCA between 2006 and 2015 were screened. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using body weight and height measured at hospital admission. Thoracic anteroposterior diameter (APD) was measured by analysing computed tomography images. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to study the associations between independent variables and outcomes. Generalised additive models were used to identify cut-off points for continuous variables. RESULTS A total of 766 patients were included, and 60.4% were male. Their mean age was 62.8 years. Mean BMI was 22.9 kg/m2, and the mean thoracic APD was 21.4 cm. BMI > 23.2 kg/m2 was inversely associated with a favourable neurological outcome (odds ratio [OR]: 0.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13-0.68; p-value = 0.004), while thoracic APD was not. When the interaction term was analysed, BMI > 23.2 (kg/m2) × thoracic APD > 18.5 (cm) was inversely associated with both a favourable neurological outcome (OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.16-0.69; p-value = 0.003) and survival to hospital discharge (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.26-0.81; p-value = 0.007). CONCLUSION Higher BMI and thoracic APD was correlated with worse outcomes following IHCA. For those patients, it might be better to perform CPR under guidance of physiological parameters rather than a "one-size-fits-all" resuscitation algorithm to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hua Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tien Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Fu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chih Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Shan Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsun Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Wu
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin Branch, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jone Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Nie HT, Guo YX, Yao XL, Ma TW, Deng KP, Wang Z, Zhang GM, Sun LW, Wang ZY, Wang HC, Wang F. Acute nutrient treatment causes alterations in intra-follicular antioxidation and AKT signaling. Reproduction 2018; 155:37-49. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine if short-term nutrient alteration affects (1) ovarian morphology, (2) plasma and ovarian antioxidant capability and (3) cell apoptosis and AKT signaling within the ovary. After estrus synchronization, 24 Hu sheep were assigned to three groups based on the nutrient requirement recommended for maintenance (M): 1 × M (Control), 1.5 × M (S) and 0.5 × M (R) during days 7–14 of their estrous cycle. The results indicated that undernourishment significantly increased the counts and volume of follicles <2.5 mm and decreased the counts and volume of follicles ≥2.5 mm (P < 0.05). Feed restriction altered the plasma and follicular redox balance within follicles ≥2.5 mm by inhibiting total antioxidant capacity, increasing malondialdehyde concentration (P < 0.05) and reducing the mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), as well as the activities of total SOD and GSH-PX. Feed restriction also attenuated B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) but enhanced Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) andBAX/BCL2transcription and translation levels in granulosa cells (P < 0.05). Uniform staining intensities of AKT and P-AKT-Ser473 were observed in each follicle stage, whereas weaker P-AKT-Thr308 staining in the antral follicle than in the pre-antral follicle suggested possible involvement of P-AKT-Thr308 during the beginning of follicle development. P-AKT-Ser473 levels in follicles ≥2.5 mm was significantly reduced in the R group (P < 0.05). The results presented in this study demonstrate that suppressed folliculogenesis caused by feed restriction might be associated with attenuated AKT signaling, reduced follicular antioxidant capacity and enhanced granulosa cells apoptosis.
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Wang HC, Lin JW, Wang SY. Anti-inflammatory activity of Alpinia nantoensis extracts. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HC Wang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products/College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - JW Lin
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products/College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - SY Wang
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wang HC, Li B, Wu M. 23 Study on mirnas prediction and co-expression patterns of the human intronic mirnas with their host genes. J Investig Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-2017-mebabstracts.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Liang JC, Wang HC. Application of polarization information to a light-controlling-light technique. Opt Lett 2017; 42:3654-3657. [PMID: 28914925 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.003654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear effects of photo-induced waveguides based on isomerization photochemistry are investigated. It is found that polarization information of the controlling light can be used to control the propagation of the signal light in all-optical waveguides, and an accurate and convenient light-controlling-light scheme is proposed, that is, controlling propagation of the signal light by synergic use of the intensity information and polarization information of the controlling light. The polarization dependence of optical nonlinearity is expected to enrich the connotation of the optical nonlinear effects and has theoretical significance and practical value.
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Ko PCI, Yang MF, Chong KM, Wang HC, Lin CH, Chen YB, Yang YH, Lee MS, Chou WC. The design and structured performance evaluation of a nationwide quality measurement registry for dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang HC, Shi FY, Hou MJ, Fu XY, Long RJ. Cloning of oligopeptide transport carrier PepT1 and comparative analysis of PepT1 messenger ribonucleic acid expression in response to dietary nitrogen levels in yak () and indigenous cattle () on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. J Anim Sci 2017; 94:3431-3340. [PMID: 27695788 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal lumen can directly absorb all di- and tripeptide protein degradation products, and oligopeptide absorption depends on the specific peptide transport carriers, which are located in gastrointestinal epithelial cells on the brush border membrane. Yak () use N more efficiently than cattle do, which implies that yak have a specific mechanism of nonprotein utilization including a peptide absorption mechanism. However, this mechanism has not been clarified. Our objective was to explore whether yak possess any adaptive mechanisms of peptide absorption to survive in the harsh foraging environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Twelve castrated males of each of 2 genotypes, yak () and indigenous cattle (), were fed diets of various N levels. The yak PepT1 (yPepT1) cDNA was cloned in omasum epithelial tissue. Our results showed that the full-length yPepT1 cDNA contains 2,805 bp, and a 2,121-bp open reading frame encodes a putative protein of 707 AA residues. The yPepT1 AA sequence identified 5 putative extracellular N-glycosylation sites (Asn, Asn, Asn, Asn, and Asn), 2 putative intracellular protein kinase A sites (Ser and Thr), and 3 intracellular putative protein kinase C sites (Ser, Ser, and Ser). The yPepT1 AA sequence was 99, 95, 86, and 83% identical to PepT1 from cattle (), sheep (), pigs (), and humans (), respectively. The relative PepT1 mRNA expression for indigenous cattle was greater than yak in the rumen, omasum, duodenum, ileum, and liver ( < 0.001); however, it was lower in jejunum tissue ( < 0.01). The relative PepT1 mRNA expression in response to increasing dietary N for both genotypes were linear in the rumen and jejunum ( < 0.10); quadratic or cubic in the reticulum ( < 0.01); linear or quadratic in the duodenum, ileum, and liver ( ≤ 0.01); and linear, quadratic, or cubic in the omasum ( < 0.001). Moreover, there were significant interactions between genotype and dietary N in rumen, reticulum, omasum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and liver tissues. In conclusion, the PepT1 profile and expression in gastrointestinal epithelial cells of yak varied from those of cattle, implying that yak have evolved a peptide transport mechanism to adapt the environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.
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Zhou J, Yao H, Wang HC, Ma J, Liu B, Wang SX, Chen JH, Wang YS, Muhuyati M. [Epidemic features of dyslipidemia among Uygur, Kazakh and Han ethnic groups in Urumqi]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:3090-3093. [PMID: 27788699 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.38.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the epidemic features of dyslipidemia among 39 980 Uygur, Kazak and Han ethnic groups in Urumqi, and to explore the methods of prevention and treatment on dyslipidemia. Methods: The differences of blood total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of health examination population with different ethnics, genders, and ages were compared, from 2012 to 2014 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Results: Among the Uygur, Kazak and Han ethnic groups, the positive rate was respectively 35.0%, 37.0%, 30.3% in TC; 34.5%, 30.1% and 32.0% in TG; 24.9%, 18.3%, and 18.2% in HDL-C; 30.1%, 31.6% and 23.3% in LDL-C. In the same ethnic group, the abnormality rate of blood lipid in the female was lower than that of the male (P<0.001). The blood lipid abnormality rate increased significantly in those with 30-39 years, and reached the highest value in the 50-59 years group, then it decreased in those aged over 60 years (P<0.001). Conclusion: The lipid abnormality rate of the Uygur and Kazak residents was higher than that of the Han nationality, and the abnormal levels of TC and LDL-C were particularly evident in Urumqi.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhou
- Health Management Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
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Chiang WC, Huang YS, Hsu SH, Chang AM, Ko PCI, Wang HC, Yang CW, Hsieh MJ, Huang EPC, Chong KM, Sun JT, Chen SY, Ma MHM. Performance of a simplified termination of resuscitation rule for adult traumatic cardiopulmonary arrest in the prehospital setting. Emerg Med J 2016; 34:39-45. [PMID: 27655883 DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2014-204493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prehospital termination of resuscitation (TOR) guidelines for traumatic cardiopulmonary arrest (TCPA) was proposed in 2003. Its multiple descriptors of cases where efforts can be terminated make it complex to apply in the field. Here we proposed a simplified rule and evaluated its predictive performance. METHODS We analysed Utstein registry data for 2009-2013 from a Taipei emergency medical service to test a simplified TOR rule that comprises two criteria: blunt trauma injury and the presence of asystole. Enrolees were adults (≥18 years) with TCPA. The predicted outcome was in-hospital death. We compared the areas under the curve (AUC) of the simple rule with each of four descriptors in the guidelines and with a combination of all four to assess their discriminatory ability. Test characteristics were calculated to assess predictive performance. RESULTS A total of 893 TCPA cases were included. Blunt trauma occurred in 459 (51.4%) cases and asystole in 384 (43.0%). In-hospital mortality was 854 (95.6%) cases. The simplified TOR rule had greater discriminatory ability (AUC 0.683, 95% CI 0.618 to 0.747) compared with any single descriptor in the 2003 guidelines (range of AUC: 0.506-0.616) although the AUC was similar when all four were combined (AUC 0.695, 95% CI 0.615 to 0.775). The specificity of the simplified rule was 100% (95% CI 88.8% to 100%) and positive predictive value 100% (95% CI 96.8% to 100%). The false positive value, false negative value and decreased rate of unnecessary transport were 0% (95% CI 0% to 3.2%), 94.8% (95% CI 92.9% to 96.2%) and 16.4% (95% CI 14.1% to 19.1%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The simplified TOR rule appears to accurately predict non-survivors in adults with TCPA in the prehospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chu Chiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsien Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anna Marie Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Patrick Chow-In Ko
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chih Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Kah-Meng Chong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Tang Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Ying Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Douliou City, Taiwan
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Dong JG, Qiu ZW, Wang HC. [Clinical analysis of 5 patients caused by acute inhalation of phosphoric acid gas poisoning]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2016; 34:699-701. [PMID: 27866556 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Lin JJ, Chong KM, Wang HC, Yang YC, Huang CH, Hsu CM, Lee BC, Wang TL, Chen YW, Ho SA, Liu YP, Ma MHM, Ko PCI. The multi-year impact of continuing a comprehensive dispatcher-assisted CPR guideline on bystander CPR and survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in a horizontal dispatch system. Resuscitation 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Chong KM, Wu CH, Lin JJ, Tay J, Wang HC, Yang CW, Chiang WC, Ma MHM. Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) is all about Airway-Circulation-Leadership-Support (A-C-L-S): A Novel Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) teamwork model. Resuscitation 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tay J, Wang HC, Chang CY, Ma MHM. A supraglottic airway is not sufficient for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: An observational study. Resuscitation 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chew LF, Chen HH, Lin J, Kuo R, Wang HC, Lin CH, Chiang WC, Ma MHM, Lee MN. Motivation, training–reality discrepancy and psychological influence among lay rescuers in Taiwan. Resuscitation 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lin JJ, Cheng NW, Tay J, - K, Hsu SW, Kuo CW, Wang HC, Chiang WC, Lin CH, Ma MHM. Knowledge, attitude and willingness towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automatic external defibrillators (AED) among public AED program managers in Taiwan. Resuscitation 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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34
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Lin WS, Wu CH, Lin JJ, Chong KM, Wang HC, Tsai CM, Wang YZ, Hsu CM, Chen YW, Ho SA, Liu YP, Ma MHM, Ko PCI. The relation of age and the effect of a comprehensive quality control program of dispatcher-assisted CPR guidelines implementation on survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.07.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Qiu JS, Tang XX, Fan ZW, Wang HC, Liu H. Two-beam combined 3.36 J, 100 Hz diode-pumped high beam quality Nd:YAG laser system. Appl Opt 2016; 55:5630-5633. [PMID: 27463917 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.005630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we develop a diode-pumped all-solid-state high-energy and high beam quality Nd:YAG laser system. A master oscillator power amplifier structure is used to provide a high pulse energy laser output with a high repetition rate. In order to decrease the amplifier working current so as to reduce the impact of the thermal effect on the beam quality, a beam splitting-amplifying-combining scheme is adopted. The energy extraction efficiency of the laser system is 50.68%. We achieve 3.36 J pulse energy at a 100 Hz repetition rate with a pulse duration of 7.1 ns, a far-field beam spot 1.71 times the diffraction limit, and 1.07% energy stability (RMS).
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Zhou JW, Mi JD, Titgemeyer EC, Guo XS, Ding LM, Wang HC, Qiu Q, Li ZP, Long RJ. A comparison of nitrogen utilization and urea metabolism between Tibetan and fine-wool sheep. J Anim Sci 2016; 93:3006-17. [PMID: 26115287 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To study metabolic adaptation to harsh foraging conditions, an experiment was conducted to characterize and quantify N utilization efficiency and urea metabolism in Tibetan and fine-wool sheep fed 4 levels of dietary N (11.0, 16.7, 23.1, and 29.2 g N/kg DM) in 2 concurrent 4 × 4 Latin square designs. Urea kinetics were determined using continuous intrajugular infusions of 15N15N-urea. Urinary excretions of total N and urea N increased linearly (P < 0.001) with dietary N and were not different between breeds (P ≥ 0.37). Fecal N excretion increased with dietary N for Tibetan sheep but not for fine-wool sheep (linear dietary N × breed; P < 0.05). Nitrogen retention (both amount per day and percentage of N intake) increased with increasing dietary N concentration (P < 0.001), and the rates of increase were greater in fine-wool than in Tibetan sheep (linear dietary N × breed and cubic dietary N × breed; P < 0.05). In Tibetan sheep, N retention as a percentage of intake was greatest for diets containing 16.7 g N/kg DM, whereas it was maximal for fine-wool sheep when the diet contained 23.1 g N/kg DM. Urea N entry rate, urea N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and urea N returned to the ornithine cycle all increased with dietary N (P < 0.05), and all were greater in Tibetan than fine-wool sheep for the 11.0 g N/kg DM diet but were greater in fine-wool than Tibetan sheep for the diet with 29.2 g N/kg DM (linear dietary N × breed; P < 0.05). Urea N excreted in feces, both amount and fraction of GIT entry rate, was less in Tibetan than fine-wool sheep for the 11.0 and 16.7 g N/kg DM diets but similar for diets with 23.1 or 29.2 g N/kg DM (linear dietary N × breed; P < 0.01). For the lowest-protein diet, the fraction of urea N production recycled to the GIT was greater in the Tibetan than fine-wool sheep (88% vs. 82%), but for the diet with 29.2 g N/kg DM it was greater for fine-wool than Tibetan sheep (46% vs. 39%; linear dietary N × breed; P < 0.05). Plasma urea N increased more rapidly in response to increasing dietary N concentration for fine-wool sheep than for Tibetan sheep (linear dietary N × breed; P < 0.05). Urea tubular load and the amount and percentage of urea reabsorbed by the kidney were greater in Tibetan than fine-wool sheep (P < 0.05). These results suggest that Tibetan sheep have mechanisms that allow them to utilize N more efficiently than the fine-wool sheep when dietary N is inadequate.
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Hsiao HH, Liu YC, Wang HC, Tsai YF, Wu CH, Cho SF, Hsu JF, Huang CT, Hsiao SY, Lee CP, Chang CS, Lin SF, Liu TC. Additional chromosomal abnormalities in core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:17028-33. [PMID: 26681050 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.16.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Despite sharing a similar genetic abnormality, patients with core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML), which is characterized by the presence of t(8;21) or inv(16)/t(16;16), show heterogeneous survival. Other molecular or cytogenetic factors are supposed to have an impact on the prognosis. We enrolled 24 CBF-AML patients to determine the impact of cytogenetic abnormality, and c-KIT, FLT3, NPM1, and CEBPA mutations on the prognosis. Only three patients had the c-KIT mutation (3/24, 12.5%) and one had the FLT3 mutation. However, over half of the patients (14/24) harbored additional cytogenetic changes, including ten with loss of sexual chromosomes (LOS) [all in the t(8;21) group], and six had additional abnormalities (two cases had both LOS and additional abnormalities). From this small-number study, no association was found between c-KIT mutation and survival and relapse rate. However, additional chromosome abnormalities had a significant association with relapse of the disease (P = 0.027). Stem cell transplant had a trend of benefitting patients after relapse (P = 0.065). This implies that chromosome abnormalities occur in CBF-AML and might take part in the heterogeneous nature of CBF-AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Hsiao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y C Liu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - H C Wang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y F Tsai
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C H Wu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S F Cho
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - J F Hsu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C T Huang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S Y Hsiao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C P Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C S Chang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S F Lin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T C Liu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chiang WC, Chen SY, Ko PCI, Hsieh MJ, Wang HC, Huang EPC, Yang CW, Chong KM, Chen WT, Chen SY, Ma MHM. Prehospital intravenous epinephrine may boost survival of patients with traumatic cardiac arrest: a retrospective cohort study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2015; 23:102. [PMID: 26585517 PMCID: PMC4653851 DOI: 10.1186/s13049-015-0181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prehospital resuscitation for patients with major trauma emphasizes a load-and-go principle. For traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) patients, the administration of vasopressors remains under debate. This study evaluated the effectiveness of epinephrine in the prehospital setting for patients with TCA. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a prospectively collected registry for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Taipei. Enrollees were ≥18 years of age with TCA. Patients with signs of obvious death like decapitation or rigor mortis were excluded. Patients were grouped according to prehospital administration, or lack thereof, of epinephrine. Outcomes were sustained (≥2 h) recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to discharge. A subgroup analysis was performed by stratified total prehospital time. RESULTS From June 1 2010 to May 31 2013, 514 cases were enrolled. Epinephrine was administered in 43 (8.4%) cases. Among all patients, sustained ROSC and survival to discharge was 101 (19.6%) and 20 (3.9%), respectively. The epinephrine group versus the non-epinephrine group had higher sustained ROSC (41.9% vs. 17.6%, p < 0.01) and survival to discharge (14.0% vs. 3.0%, p < 0.01). The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of epinephrine effect were 2.24 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-4.81) on sustained ROSC, and 2.94 (95% CI 0.85-10.15) on survival to discharge. Subgroup analysis showed increased ORs of epinephrine effect on sustained ROSC with a longer prehospital time. CONCLUSION Among adult patients with TCA in an Asian metropolitan area, administration of epinephrine in the prehospital setting was associated with increased short-term survival, especially for those with a longer prehospital time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chu Chiang
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Yi Chen
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Patrick Chow-In Ko
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chih Wang
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan
| | - Edward Pei-Chuan Huang
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kah-Meng Chong
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Ying Chen
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan
| | - Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
- Department of Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Zhung-Zhan S. Road, Taipei, Zhongzheng District, 100, Taiwan.
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Hsieh MJ, Yang CW, Chiang WC, Wang HC, Lin HY, Hsu SH, Chen W, Chong KM, Fang CC, Ma MHM. The effects of different retraining frequency of simulation-based short advanced life support training on health professionals. Resuscitation 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.09.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chong KM, Ma MHM, Wang HC, Chiang WC, Hsu CM, Tseng CR, Lin HS, Yang YC, Hung CL, Huang CH, Chen YW, Liu YP, Chiu AWH, Yang CW, Ko PCI. The Relation of Bystander Pre-existing Awareness of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and The Effect of Dispatcher-assisted Telephone Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DA-TCPR). Resuscitation 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xu HC, Gui LS, Song N, Zhang YY, Wang HC, Zan LS. Association of CRTC2 gene polymorphisms with growth and meat quality traits of Qinchuan cattle. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:12912-20. [PMID: 26505444 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.21.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Growth and meat quality traits play important roles in the evaluation of cattle productivity and are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. CRTC2 is a recently discovered gene related to obesity that may influence fat deposition. The aim of the current study was to detect polymorphisms of bovine CRTC2 and explore their relationships to growth and meat quality in Qinchuan cattle. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); g.3001 C>T; g.3034 G>A; and g.3467 T>C, were identified from sequencing results of 422 Qinchuan cattle. The genotypic distributions of both g.3034 G>A and g.3467 T>C mutations were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, (P < 0.05), while the T3001C mutation was not (P > 0.05), based on χ(2) test analysis. The SNPs g.3001 C>T and g.3034 G>A are missense mutations (Ser/Phe and Ser/Thr respectively). Additionally, SNPs g.3034 G>A and g.3467 T>C showed a medium polymorphism level (0.25 < PIC< 0.50), whereas g.3001 C>T showed a low polymorphism level (PIC < 0.25). These three SNPs were significantly associated with several growth and meat quality traits in the Qinchuan cattle population (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Collectively, these results demonstrate that CRTC2 is involved in the regulation of cattle growth and meat quality, and suggest that CRTC2 is a potential candidate gene for marker-assisted selection in future breeding development programs for Qinchuan cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - L S Gui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - N Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - H C Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - L S Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Abstract
The incidence of urinary calculus (UC) is very high in Uyghur children in the Kashi region of Xinjiang, China, which seriously affects the growth and life quality of these children. This study was aimed at investigating the risk factors of UC in Uyghur children in Kashi region. One hundred fifteen Uyghur children (age <7 years) with UC who were treated in First People's Hospital in Kashi were enrolled in the case group. A 1:1 case-control study with a questionnaire was performed. The results showed that, among the 115 UC patients, there were more boys (71.3%) than girls (28.7%), and most cases had an onset age of 1-3 years (75.7%). A lower than primary school education in the mother, drinking unboiled water, water intake <500 mL/day, and eating too much sweets were risk factors [odds ratio (OR) = 2.385, 9.160, 3.263, and 8.945, respectively], whereas vegetable intake and exposure to summer sunshine of <2 h/day were protective factors against UC onset (OR = 0.154 and 0.344, respectively). Analysis of UC-related factors in 99 cases of <3-year-old children revealed that breastfeeding was also a protective factor (OR = 0.007), whereas frequent cow's milk intake within 5 months (OR = 2.414) and frequent "panada" intake (OR = 2.529) were risk factors. The occurrence of UC in Uyghur children in the Kashi region is mainly affected by maternal educational background, quality of drinking water, water intake volume, and dietary pattern. Furthermore, geography may also have a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wang
- Health Management Center,First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi,Xinjiang, China
| | - C Liu
- Health Management Center,First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi,Xinjiang, China
| | - H Y He
- Department of Nursing, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - M X Wang
- Department of Nursing, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Gui LS, Wang HC, Liu GY, Zan LS. Polymorphisms in the SIRT5 gene and their association with body measurement and ultrasound traits in Qinchuan cattle. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:3843-53. [PMID: 25966154 DOI: 10.4238/2015.april.22.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Silent information regulator 5 (SIRT5), a member of the Sirtuin family class III nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent protein deacetylases, plays an important role in metabolic and aging processes in mammals. We identified 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (G22010A, G22052A, G22119T, and G22245C) in the 3' untranslated regions of the SIRT5 gene from 572 Qinchuan cattle by sequencing and investigating their association with growth and ultrasound traits. The frequencies of genotype GG and allele G were high at the 4 SNPs. Based on the X(2) test, the genotypic distributions of the 4 SNPs were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Association analysis of individual SNPs and haplotype combinations revealed that the 4 loci were significantly associated with some body measurement and ultrasound traits in Qinchuan cattle, and the H1H5 (AG-GA-GG-GG) diplotypes had better performance than other combinations in Qinchuan cattle. Our results demonstrate that SIRT5 may be a candidate for marker-assisted selection in future breeding programs for Qinchuan cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Gui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - H C Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - G Y Liu
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS&MWR, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - L S Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Zhang YK, Wang HC, Qi L, Liu GH, He ZJ, Fan HT. A simple empirical model for the clarification-thickening process in wastewater treatment plants. Water Sci Technol 2015; 71:366-372. [PMID: 25714635 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2014.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), activated sludge is thickened in secondary settling tanks and recycled into the biological reactor to maintain enough biomass for wastewater treatment. Accurately estimating the activated sludge concentration in the lower portion of the secondary clarifiers is of great importance for evaluating and controlling the sludge recycled ratio, ensuring smooth and efficient operation of the WWTP. By dividing the overall activated sludge-thickening curve into a hindered zone and a compression zone, an empirical model describing activated sludge thickening in the compression zone was obtained by empirical regression. This empirical model was developed through experiments conducted using sludge from five WWTPs, and validated by the measured data from a sixth WWTP, which fit the model well (R² = 0.98, p < 0.001). The model requires application of only one parameter, the sludge volume index (SVI), which is readily incorporated into routine analysis. By combining this model with the conservation of mass equation, an empirical model for compression settling was also developed. Finally, the effects of denitrification and addition of a polymer were also analysed because of their effect on sludge thickening, which can be useful for WWTP operation, e.g., improving wastewater treatment or the proper use of the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Zhang
- School of Environment & Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China E-mail:
| | - H C Wang
- School of Environment & Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China E-mail:
| | - L Qi
- School of Environment & Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China E-mail:
| | - G H Liu
- School of Environment & Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China E-mail:
| | - Z J He
- School of Environment & Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China E-mail:
| | - H T Fan
- School of Environment & Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China E-mail:
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Abstract
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax usually occurs as a sporadic event, but may be clustered in certain families with an underlying inherited disorder. Birt-Hogg-Dubι (BHD) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disease accounting for familial pneumothorax. BHD syndrome, caused by mutation of the folliculin gene, is characterized by skin fibrofolliculoma, pulmonary cysts, pneumothorax, and renal cancer. We describe a BHD-affected Taiwanese family with clinical and genetic study. A rare mutation of the folliculin gene was detected in the patient and members with pulmonary cysts or pneumothorax, but no skin or renal lesions were found. This mutation was reported in a Taiwanese family and might indicate a pneumothorax-predominant phenotype. Isolated pneumothorax is an uncommon initial presentation of BHD syndrome. Family history should be carefully reviewed when managing a patient with pneumothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H C Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang HC, Doong HS. Revisiting the Task-Media Fit Circumflex: A further examination of negotiation tasks. Information & Management 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wang HC, Wang J, Li WH, Huang YF, Xia HQ, Wang MS, Lu N, Guo YS, Zhang CQ. Cladosporium cladosporioides Identified in China on Tobacco Seeds. Plant Dis 2014; 98:1002. [PMID: 30708905 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-13-1203-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a leafy, annual, solanaceous plant grown commercially for its leaves. China is the biggest single tobacco market and accounts for more than 40% of the global tobacco consumption (1). Tobacco seed harvested in Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China, are commonly contaminated or infected by various fungal pathogens, which can cause abnormal seedlings with dark brown lesions and stunting of roots and decayed seeds. In 2013, five samples of 500 seeds from tobacco cv. Guiyan 4 were tested for germination on moistened paper on petri dishes. On average, 35% of the seeds from all five samples developed into abnormal seedlings or were decayed and were plated onto potato dextrose agar media and grown for 5 days at 25°C in darkness to confirm the presence of a pathogen. However, one fungus was isolated from an average of 10% of the 500 seeds sampled. It was identified morphologically as Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) de Vries based on the velvety olive-brown with almost black reverse colony color and dimensions and color of conidia and conidiophores. Conidia formed in long branched chains that readily disarticulate, single celled, elliptical to limoniform, 2 to 8 (avg. 4.3) × 2 to 3 (avg. 2.1) μm. Conidia were pale to olive brown and smooth to verruculose. Ramoconidia were 0 to 1 septate, 7 to 14 (avg. 9.2) × 2 to 4 (avg. 2.6) μm, smooth or sometimes minutely verruculose. Conidiophores were pale to olive brown, macro- and micronemateus, smooth or sometimes verruculose, and of various lengths up to 320 μm long and 2 to 5 μm wide. Primer pair ITS1 and ITS4 was employed to amplify the regions of ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 of the pathogens. Sequences of all three isolates (G3, G10, and G18) (Accession Nos. KF841547, KF841554, and KF841560) were identical to each other and to four sequences in GenBank (JX230994.1, JQ768317.1, JQ768322.1, and AB763555.1). Pathogenicity of the three isolates of C. cladosporioides was verified on tobacco seedlings of 3-week-old grown on wet filter paper in the petri dishes (9 cm in diameter). For each isolate, 20 seedlings incubated in one plate were inoculated with 0.5 ml of a suspension of 105 conidia/ml. Twenty seedlings were treated with sterile water as control treatment. After inoculation, the petri dishes were incubated at 25°C, 100 to 120 μEm-2 S-1, RH > 80%, and 16 h light per day for disease development. At 96 h after inoculation, symptoms comprising medium brown to black lesions on the roots were clearly visible on inoculated plants but not on the control plants. All seedlings inoculated died 9 days after inoculation whereas control seedlings remained symptomless. Re-isolation attempts on PDA from roots demonstrated C. cladosporioides to be present in symptomatic seedlings but not in roots of the control plants. Moreover, the characteristics of the cultured fungi were exactly the same as those originally isolated. Isolates G3, G10, and G18 (KF841547, KF841554, and KF841560) were deposited with the Tobacco Diseased Fungi, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Sciences, Guizhou, China. Previously, C. cladosporioides has also been isolated from macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche) racemes in South Africa (4), from diseased papaya (Carica papaya L.) in Taiwan province of China (2), and from seeds of Amaranthus spp. in Poland (3). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. cladosporioides causing seed disease on tobacco in China and the disease should be considered in existing disease management practices. References: (1) British American Tobacco Annual Report, 8, 2012. (2) R. S. Chen, et al. Plant Dis. 93:426, 2009. (3) W. Pusz. Phytopathologia 54:15, 2009. (4) N. van den Berg et al. Plant Dis. 92:484, 2008.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Sciences, Guiyang 550081, P. R. China
| | - J Wang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, P. R. China
| | - W H Li
- Guizhou Institute of Plant Protection, Guiyang 550006, P. R. China
| | - Y F Huang
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, P. R. China
| | - H Q Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Sciences, Guiyang 550081, P. R. China
| | - M S Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Sciences, Guiyang 550081, P. R. China
| | - N Lu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Sciences, Guiyang 550081, P. R. China
| | - Y S Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Sciences, Guiyang 550081, P. R. China
| | - C Q Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, P. R. China. Foundations: National Natural Science Foundation of China (31360448), Guizhou Tobacco Company (201305, 201336, 201436), and Guizhou Science Technology Foundation ([2011] 2337)
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Chiang WC, Ko PCI, Chang AM, Liu SSH, Wang HC, Yang CW, Hsieh MJ, Chen SY, Lai MS, Ma MHM. Predictive performance of universal termination of resuscitation rules in an Asian community: are they accurate enough? Emerg Med J 2013; 32:318-23. [PMID: 24317286 DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2013-203289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prehospital termination of resuscitation (TOR) rules have not been widely validated outside of Western countries. This study evaluated the performance of TOR rules in an Asian metropolitan with a mixed-tier emergency medical service (EMS). METHODS We analysed the Utstein registry of adult, non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) in Taipei to test the performance of TOR rules for advanced life support (ALS) or basic life support (BLS) providers. ALS and BLS-TOR rules were tested in OHCAs among three subgroups: (1) resuscitated by ALS, (2) by BLS and (3) by mixed ALS and BLS. Outcome definition was in-hospital death. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value and decreased transport rate (DTR) among various provider combinations were calculated. RESULTS Of the 3489 OHCAs included, 240 were resuscitated by ALS, 1727 by BLS and 1522 by ALS and BLS. Overall survival to hospital discharge was 197 patients (5.6%). Specificity and PPV of ALS-TOR and BLS-TOR for identifying death ranged from 70.7% to 81.8% and 95.1% to 98.1%, respectively. Applying the TOR rules would have a DTR of 34.2-63.9%. BLS rules had better predictive accuracy and DTR than ALS rules among all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Application of the ALS and BLS TOR rules would have decreased OHCA transported to the hospital, and BLS rules are reasonable as the universal criteria in a mixed-tier EMS. However, 1.9-4.9% of those who survived would be misclassified as non-survivors, raising concern of compromising patient safety for the implementation of the rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chu Chiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Patrick Chow-In Ko
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anna Marie Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sot Shih-Hung Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chih Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Ying Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Shu Lai
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chiang WC, Ko PCI, Chang AM, Chen WT, Liu SSH, Huang YS, Chen SY, Lin CH, Cheng MT, Chong KM, Wang HC, Yang CW, Liao MW, Wang CH, Chien YC, Lin CH, Liu YP, Lee BC, Chien KL, Lai MS, Ma MHM. Bystander-initiated CPR in an Asian metropolitan: does the socioeconomic status matter? Resuscitation 2013; 85:53-8. [PMID: 24056397 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2013.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the association of neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) with bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and patient outcomes of out of hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) in an Asian metropolitan area. METHODS We performed a retrospective study in a prospectively collected cohort from the Utstein registry of adult non-traumatic OHCAs in Taipei, Taiwan. Average real estate value was assessed as the first proxy of SES. Twelve administrative districts in Taipei City were categorized into low versus high SES areas to test the association. The primary outcome was bystander-initiated CPR, and the secondary outcome was patient survival status. Factors associated with bystander-initiated CPR were adjusted for in multivariate analysis. The mean household income was assessed as the second proxy of SES to validate the association. RESULTS From January 1, 2008 to December 30, 2009, 3573 OHCAs received prehospital resuscitation in the community. Among these, 617 (17.3%) cases received bystander CPR. The proportion of bystander CPR in low-SES vs. high-SES areas was 14.5% vs. 19.6% (p<0.01). Odds ratio of receiving bystander-initiated CPR in low-SES areas was 0.72 (95% confidence interval: [0.60-0.88]) after adjusting for age, gender, witnessed status, public collapse, and OHCA unrecognized by the online dispatcher. Survival to discharge rate was significantly lower in low-SES areas vs. high-SES areas (4.3% vs. 6.8%; p<0.01). All results above remained consistent in the analyses by mean household income. CONCLUSIONS Patients who experienced an OHCA in low-SES areas were less likely to receive bystander-initiated CPR, and demonstrated worse survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chu Chiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Patrick Chow-In Ko
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anna Marie Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sot Shih-Hung Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Ying Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hao Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tai Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kah-Meng Chong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chih Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Chi-Hung Lin
- Department of Health, Taipei City Government, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ping Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Health, Taipei City Government, Taiwan
| | | | - Kuo-Long Chien
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Shu Lai
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hou HH, Cheng SL, Liu HT, Yang FZ, Wang HC, Yu CJ. Elastase induced lung epithelial cell apoptosis and emphysema through placenta growth factor. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e793. [PMID: 24008737 PMCID: PMC3789187 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide, however, the pathogenic factors and mechanisms are not fully understood. Pulmonary emphysema is one of the major components of COPD and is thought to result from oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, protease–antiprotease imbalance and lung epithelial (LE) cell apoptosis. In our previous studies, COPD patients were noted to have higher levels of placenta growth factor (PlGF) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid than controls. In addition, transgenic mice overexpressing PlGF developed pulmonary emphysema and exposure to PlGF in LE cells induced apoptosis. Furthermore, intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) on to PlGF wild type mice induced emphysema, but not in PlGF knockout mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that PPE generates pulmonary emphysema through the upregulation of PlGF expression in LE cells. The elevation of PlGF then leads to LE cell apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated whether PPE induces PlGF expression, whether PlGF induces apoptosis and whether the downstream mechanisms of PlGF are related to LE cell apoptosis. We found that PPE increased PlGF secretion and expression both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, PlGF-induced LE cell apoptosis and PPE-induced emphysema in the mice were mediated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) pathways. Given these findings, we suggest that the increase in PlGF and PlGF-induced JNK and p38 MAPK pathways contribute to PPE-induced LE cell apoptosis and emphysema. Regulatory control of PlGF and agents against its downstream signals may be potential therapeutic targets for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Hou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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