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Poirier EZ, Goic B, Tomé-Poderti L, Frangeul L, Boussier J, Gausson V, Blanc H, Vallet T, Loyd H, Levi LI, Lanciano S, Baron C, Merkling SH, Lambrechts L, Mirouze M, Carpenter S, Vignuzzi M, Saleh MC. Dicer-2-Dependent Generation of Viral DNA from Defective Genomes of RNA Viruses Modulates Antiviral Immunity in Insects. Cell Host Microbe 2018; 23:353-365.e8. [PMID: 29503180 PMCID: PMC5857290 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The RNAi pathway confers antiviral immunity in insects. Virus-specific siRNA responses are amplified via the reverse transcription of viral RNA to viral DNA (vDNA). The nature, biogenesis, and regulation of vDNA are unclear. We find that vDNA produced during RNA virus infection of Drosophila and mosquitoes is present in both linear and circular forms. Circular vDNA (cvDNA) is sufficient to produce siRNAs that confer partially protective immunity when challenged with a cognate virus. cvDNAs bear homology to defective viral genomes (DVGs), and DVGs serve as templates for vDNA and cvDNA synthesis. Accordingly, DVGs promote the amplification of vDNA-mediated antiviral RNAi responses in infected Drosophila. Furthermore, vDNA synthesis is regulated by the DExD/H helicase domain of Dicer-2 in a mechanism distinct from its role in siRNA generation. We suggest that, analogous to mammalian RIG-I-like receptors, Dicer-2 functions like a pattern recognition receptor for DVGs to modulate antiviral immunity in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Z Poirier
- Institut Pasteur, Viruses and RNA Interference, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Bertsy Goic
- Institut Pasteur, Viruses and RNA Interference, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lorena Tomé-Poderti
- Institut Pasteur, Viruses and RNA Interference, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lionel Frangeul
- Institut Pasteur, Viruses and RNA Interference, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Boussier
- Institut Pasteur, Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Valérie Gausson
- Institut Pasteur, Viruses and RNA Interference, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Blanc
- Institut Pasteur, Viruses and RNA Interference, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Vallet
- Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Hyelee Loyd
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Laura I Levi
- Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Lanciano
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, DIADE, Université de Montpellier, Université de Perpignan, LGDP, 66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Chloé Baron
- Institut Pasteur, Viruses and RNA Interference, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sarah H Merkling
- Institut Pasteur, Insect-Virus Interactions, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique URA 3012, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Louis Lambrechts
- Institut Pasteur, Insect-Virus Interactions, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique URA 3012, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie Mirouze
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, DIADE, Université de Montpellier, Université de Perpignan, LGDP, 66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Susan Carpenter
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Marco Vignuzzi
- Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Maria-Carla Saleh
- Institut Pasteur, Viruses and RNA Interference, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France.
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Evans AB, Dong P, Loyd H, Zhang J, Kraus GA, Carpenter S. Identification and characterization of small molecule inhibitors of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Antiviral Res 2017; 146:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ross K, Adams J, Loyd H, Ahmed S, Sambol A, Broderick S, Rajan K, Kohut M, Bronich T, Wannemuehler MJ, Carpenter S, Mallapragada S, Narasimhan B. Combination Nanovaccine Demonstrates Synergistic Enhancement in Efficacy against Influenza. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:368-374. [PMID: 33429541 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
H5N1 influenza virus has the potential to become a significant global health threat, and next generation vaccine technologies are needed. In this work, the combined efficacy of two nanoadjuvant platforms (polyanhydride nanoparticles and pentablock copolymer-based hydrogels) to induce protective immunity against H5N1 influenza virus was examined. Mice received two subcutaneous vaccinations (day 0 and 21) containing 10 μg of H5 hemagglutinin trimer alone or in combination with the nanovaccine platforms. Nanovaccine immunization induced high neutralizing antibody titers that were sustained through 70 days postimmunization. Finally, mice were intranasally challenged with A/H5N1 VNH5N1-PR8CDC-RG virus and monitored for 14 days. Animals receiving the combination nanovaccine had lower viral loads in the lung and weight loss after challenge in comparison to animals vaccinated with each platform alone. These data demonstrate the synergy between polyanhydride nanoparticles and pentablock copolymer-based hydrogels as adjuvants in the design of a more efficacious influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Scott Broderick
- Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo-The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Krishna Rajan
- Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo-The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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Koltes JE, Fritz-Waters E, Eisley CJ, Choi I, Bao H, Kommadath A, Serão NVL, Boddicker NJ, Abrams SM, Schroyen M, Loyd H, Tuggle CK, Plastow GS, Guan L, Stothard P, Lunney JK, Liu P, Carpenter S, Rowland RRR, Dekkers JCM, Reecy JM. Identification of a putative quantitative trait nucleotide in guanylate binding protein 5 for host response to PRRS virus infection. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:412. [PMID: 26016888 PMCID: PMC4446061 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previously, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for host response to Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in high linkage disequilibrium (LD) with SNP rs80800372 on Sus scrofa chromosome 4 (SSC4). Results Within this QTL, guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5) was differentially expressed (DE) (p < 0.05) in blood from AA versus AB rs80800372 genotyped pigs at 7,11, and 14 days post PRRSV infection. All variants within the GBP5 transcript in LD with rs80800372 exhibited allele specific expression (ASE) in AB individuals (p < 0.0001). A transcript re-assembly revealed three alternatively spliced transcripts for GBP5. An intronic SNP in GBP5, rs340943904, introduces a splice acceptor site that inserts five nucleotides into the transcript. Individuals homozygous for the unfavorable AA genotype predominantly produced this transcript, with a shifted reading frame and early stop codon that truncates the 88 C-terminal amino acids of the protein. RNA-seq analysis confirmed this SNP was associated with differential splicing by QTL genotype (p < 0.0001) and this was validated by quantitative capillary electrophoresis (p < 0.0001). The wild-type transcript was expressed at a higher level in AB versus AA individuals, whereas the five-nucleotide insertion transcript was the dominant form in AA individuals. Splicing and ASE results are consistent with the observed dominant nature of the favorable QTL allele. The rs340943904 SNP was also 100 % concordant with rs80800372 in a validation population that possessed an alternate form of the favorable B QTL haplotype. Conclusions GBP5 is known to play a role in inflammasome assembly during immune response. However, the role of GBP5 host genetic variation in viral immunity is novel. These findings demonstrate that rs340943904 is a strong candidate causal mutation for the SSC4 QTL that controls variation in host response to PRRSV. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1635-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Koltes
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Eric Fritz-Waters
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Chris J Eisley
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA. .,Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, 1121 Snedecor Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Igseo Choi
- USDA-ARS, BARC, APDL, Building1040, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Hua Bao
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Arun Kommadath
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Nick V L Serão
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | | | - Sam M Abrams
- USDA-ARS, BARC, APDL, Building1040, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Hyelee Loyd
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Chris K Tuggle
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Graham S Plastow
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Leluo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Paul Stothard
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Joan K Lunney
- USDA-ARS, BARC, APDL, Building1040, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, 1121 Snedecor Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Susan Carpenter
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Robert R R Rowland
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, K-231 Mosier Hall, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Jack C M Dekkers
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - James M Reecy
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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Ross KA, Loyd H, Wu W, Huntimer L, Ahmed S, Sambol A, Broderick S, Flickinger Z, Rajan K, Bronich T, Mallapragada S, Wannemuehler MJ, Carpenter S, Narasimhan B. Hemagglutinin-based polyanhydride nanovaccines against H5N1 influenza elicit protective virus neutralizing titers and cell-mediated immunity. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 10:229-43. [PMID: 25565816 PMCID: PMC4284014 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s72264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
H5N1 avian influenza is a significant global concern with the potential to become the next pandemic threat. Recombinant subunit vaccines are an attractive alternative for pandemic vaccines compared to traditional vaccine technologies. In particular, polyanhydride nanoparticles encapsulating subunit proteins have been shown to enhance humoral and cell-mediated immunity and provide protection upon lethal challenge. In this work, a recombinant H5 hemagglutinin trimer (H5₃) was produced and encapsulated into polyanhydride nanoparticles. The studies performed indicated that the recombinant H5₃ antigen was a robust immunogen. Immunizing mice with H5₃ encapsulated into polyanhydride nanoparticles induced high neutralizing antibody titers and enhanced CD4(+) T cell recall responses in mice. Finally, the H5₃-based polyanhydride nanovaccine induced protective immunity against a low-pathogenic H5N1 viral challenge. Informatics analyses indicated that mice receiving the nanovaccine formulations and subsequently challenged with virus were similar to naïve mice that were not challenged. The current studies provide a basis to further exploit the advantages of polyanhydride nanovaccines in pandemic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A Ross
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Hyelee Loyd
- Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Wuwei Wu
- Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Lucas Huntimer
- Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Shaheen Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Anthony Sambol
- Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Scott Broderick
- Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Krishna Rajan
- Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Tatiana Bronich
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surya Mallapragada
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Umunnakwe CN, Loyd H, Cornick K, Chavez JR, Dobbs D, Carpenter S. Computational modeling suggests dimerization of equine infectious anemia virus Rev is required for RNA binding. Retrovirology 2014; 11:115. [PMID: 25533001 PMCID: PMC4299382 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-014-0115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lentiviral Rev protein mediates nuclear export of intron-containing viral RNAs that encode structural proteins or serve as the viral genome. Following translation, HIV-1 Rev localizes to the nucleus and binds its cognate sequence, termed the Rev-responsive element (RRE), in incompletely spliced viral RNA. Rev subsequently multimerizes along the viral RNA and associates with the cellular Crm1 export machinery to translocate the RNA-protein complex to the cytoplasm. Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) Rev is functionally homologous to HIV-1 Rev, but shares very little sequence similarity and differs in domain organization. EIAV Rev also contains a bipartite RNA binding domain comprising two short arginine-rich motifs (designated ARM-1 and ARM-2) spaced 79 residues apart in the amino acid sequence. To gain insight into the topology of the bipartite RNA binding domain, a computational approach was used to model the tertiary structure of EIAV Rev. RESULTS The tertiary structure of EIAV Rev was modeled using several protein structure prediction and model quality assessment servers. Two types of structures were predicted: an elongated structure with an extended central alpha helix, and a globular structure with a central bundle of helices. Assessment of models on the basis of biophysical properties indicated they were of average quality. In almost all models, ARM-1 and ARM-2 were spatially separated by >15 Å, suggesting that they do not form a single RNA binding interface on the monomer. A highly conserved canonical coiled-coil motif was identified in the central region of EIAV Rev, suggesting that an RNA binding interface could be formed through dimerization of Rev and juxtaposition of ARM-1 and ARM-2. In support of this, purified Rev protein migrated as a dimer in Blue native gels, and mutation of a residue predicted to form a key coiled-coil contact disrupted dimerization and abrogated RNA binding. In contrast, mutation of residues outside the predicted coiled-coil interface had no effect on dimerization or RNA binding. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that EIAV Rev binding to the RRE requires dimerization via a coiled-coil motif to juxtapose two RNA binding motifs, ARM-1 and ARM-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chijioke N Umunnakwe
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA. .,Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Hyelee Loyd
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Kinsey Cornick
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Jerald R Chavez
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Drena Dobbs
- Department of Genetics, Developmental and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA. .,Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Susan Carpenter
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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Ross KA, Loyd H, Wu W, Huntimer L, Wannemuehler MJ, Carpenter S, Narasimhan B. Structural and antigenic stability of H5N1 hemagglutinin trimer upon release from polyanhydride nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 102:4161-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A. Ross
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Hyelee Loyd
- Department of Animal Science; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Wuwei Wu
- Department of Animal Science; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Lucas Huntimer
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Michael J. Wannemuehler
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Susan Carpenter
- Department of Animal Science; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
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