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Xu Y, Leng D, Li X, Wang D, Chai X, Schroyen M, Zhang D, Hou C. Effects of different electrostatic field intensities assisted controlled freezing point storage on water holding capacity of fresh meat during the early postmortem period. Food Chem 2024; 439:138096. [PMID: 38039609 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of different intensity electrostatic fields on the water holding capacity (WHC) of fresh meat during the early postmortem period in controlled freezing point storage (CFPS) were investigated. Significantly lower cooking loss were found in low voltage electrostatic field (LVEF) and high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) compared to the control group (CK) (p < 0.05). The myofibril fragmentation index and microstructure results suggested that the sample under HVEF treatment remained relatively intact. It has been revealed that the changes in actomyosin properties under electrostatic field treatment groups were due to the combination and dissociation of actomyosin binding into myofilament concentration, which consequently affects the muscle WHC. The study further demonstrated that the electrostatic field, especially HVEF, might increase the WHC of fresh meat by affecting the distribution of water molecules and physiochemical properties of actomyosin during the early postmortem period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Xu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage de Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Dongmei Leng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Debao Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Chai
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage de Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Chengli Hou
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Fu Y, Zhou J, Schroyen M, Zhang H, Wu S, Qi G, Wang J. Decreased eggshell strength caused by impairment of uterine calcium transport coincide with higher bone minerals and quality in aged laying hens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:37. [PMID: 38439110 PMCID: PMC10910863 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00986-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deteriorations in eggshell and bone quality are major challenges in aged laying hens. This study compared the differences of eggshell quality, bone parameters and their correlations as well as uterine physiological characteristics and the bone remodeling processes of hens laying eggs of different eggshell breaking strength to explore the mechanism of eggshell and bone quality reduction and their interaction. A total of 240 74-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were selected and allocated to a high (HBS, 44.83 ± 1.31 N) or low (LBS, 24.43 ± 0.57 N) eggshell breaking strength group. RESULTS A decreased thickness, weight and weight ratio of eggshells were observed in the LBS, accompanied with ultrastructural deterioration and total Ca reduction. Bone quality was negatively correlated with eggshell quality, marked with enhanced structures and increased components in the LBS. In the LBS, the mammillary knobs and effective layer grew slowly. At the initiation stage of eggshell calcification, a total of 130 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 122 upregulated and 8 downregulated) were identified in the uterus of hens in the LBS relative to those in the HBS. These DEGs were relevant to apoptosis due to the cellular Ca overload. Higher values of p62 protein level, caspase-8 activity, Bax protein expression and lower values of Bcl protein expression and Bcl/Bax ratio were seen in the LBS. TUNEL assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed a significant increase in TUNEL-positive cells and tissue damages in the uterus of the LBS. Although few DEGs were identified at the growth stage, similar uterine tissue damages were also observed in the LBS. The expressions of runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocalcin were upregulated in humeri of the LBS. Enlarged diameter and more structural damages of endocortical bones and decreased ash were observed in femurs of the HBS. CONCLUSION The lower eggshell breaking strength may be attributed to a declined Ca transport due to uterine tissue damages, which could affect eggshell calcification and lead to a weak ultrastructure. Impaired uterine Ca transport may result in reduced femoral bone resorption and increased humeral bone formation to maintain a higher mineral and bone quality in the LBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux, B-5030, Belgium
| | - Jianmin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux, B-5030, Belgium
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shugeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guanghai Qi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Xiao C, Comer L, Pan X, Everaert N, Schroyen M, Song Z. Zinc glycinate alleviates LPS-induced inflammation and intestinal barrier disruption in chicken embryos by regulating zinc homeostasis and TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 272:116111. [PMID: 38350216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The effect of an immune challenge induced by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure on systemic zinc homeostasis and the modulation of zinc glycinate (Zn-Gly) was investigated using a chicken embryo model. 160 Arbor Acres broiler fertilized eggs were randomly divided into 4 groups: CON (control group, injected with saline), LPS (LPS group, injected with 32 µg of LPS saline solution), Zn-Gly (zinc glycinate group, injected with 80 µg of zinc glycinate saline solution) and Zn-Gly+LPS (zinc glycinate and LPS group, injected with the same content of zinc glycinate and LPS saline solution). Each treatment consisted of eight replicates of five eggs each. An in ovo feeding procedure was performed at 17.5 embryonic day and samples were collected after 12 hours. The results showed that Zn-Gly attenuated the effects of LPS challenge-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory factor interleukin 1β (IL-1β) level (P =0.003). The LPS challenge mediated zinc transporter proteins and metallothionein (MT) to regulate systemic zinc homeostasis, with increased expression of the jejunum zinc export gene zinc transporter protein 1 (ZnT-1) and elevated expression of the import genes divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), Zrt- and Irt-like protein 3 (Zip3), Zip8 and Zip14 (P < 0.05). A similar trend could be observed for the zinc transporter genes in the liver, which for ZnT-1 mitigated by Zn-Gly supplementation (P =0.01). Liver MT gene expression was downregulated in response to the LPS challenge (P =0.004). These alterations caused by LPS resulted in decreased serum and liver zinc levels and increased small intestinal, muscle and tibial zinc levels. Zn-Gly reversed the elevated expression of the liver zinc finger protein A20 induced by the LPS challenge (P =0.025), while Zn-Gly reduced the gene expression of the pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-6, decreased toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κB p65) (P < 0.05). Zn-Gly also alleviated the LPS-induced downregulation of the intestinal barrier gene Claudin-1. Thus, LPS exposure prompted the mobilization of zinc transporter proteins and MT to perform the remodeling of systemic zinc homeostasis, Zn-Gly participated in the regulation of zinc homeostasis and inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory factors through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, attenuating the inflammatory response and intestinal barrier damage caused by an immune challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanpi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Luke Comer
- Nutrition and Animal Microbiota Ecosystems lab, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xue Pan
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Nutrition and Animal Microbiota Ecosystems lab, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Zhigang Song
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.
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Ren C, Chen L, Bai Y, Hou C, Li X, Schroyen M, Zhang D. Comparative effects of phosphorylation and acetylation on glycolysis and myofibrillar proteins degradation in postmortem muscle. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128567. [PMID: 38061521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated the different effects between protein phosphorylation and acetylation on glycolytic enzyme activity and myofibrillar protein degradation. Lamb longissimus thoracis lumborum muscles were homogenized and then inhibitors were added for incubation at 4 °C. Phosphatase inhibitor was added to produce a high phosphorylation level (PI group) and lysine deacetylase inhibitor was added to produce a high acetylation level (DI group). The lactate and ATP content in the PI group was inhibited compared with that in the DI group (P < 0.05). Phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity was negatively related with the phosphorylation level and was positively related with the acetylation level in the DI group (P < 0.05). The degradation of troponin T and desmin of the DI group were restrained when compared to that in the PI group (P < 0.05). Compared with initial PFK and desmin, the simulation of phosphorylation and acetylation of PFK and desmin showed different electrostatic potential at the surface and a more unstable structure. The phosphorylation level of the DI group was increased, suggesting that the changes of protein acetylation altered protein phosphorylation. In conclusion, compared with protein phosphorylation, protein acetylation had a greater effect on promoting glycolysis and inhibiting protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ren
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuqiang Bai
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Chengli Hou
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Zhou Y, Wei Z, Tan J, Sun H, Jiang H, Gao Y, Zhang H, Schroyen M. Alginate oligosaccharide extends the service lifespan by improving the sperm metabolome and gut microbiota in an aging Duroc boars model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1308484. [PMID: 38116132 PMCID: PMC10728478 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1308484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS), as a natural non-toxic plant extract, has been paid more attention in recent years due to its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and even anti-cancer properties. However, the mechanism by which AOS affects animal reproductive performance is still unclear. Methods The purpose of this study is to use multi-omics technology to analyze the effects of AOS in extending the service lifespan of aging boars. Results The results showed that AOS can significantly improve the sperm motility (p < 0.05) and sperm validity rate (p < 0.001) of aging boars and significantly reduce the abnormal sperm rate (p < 0.01) by increasing the protein levels such as CatSper 8 and protein kinase A (PKA) for semen quality. At the same time, AOS significantly improved the testosterone content in the blood of boars (p < 0.01). AOS significantly improved fatty acids such as adrenic acid (p < 0.05) and antioxidants such as succinic acid (p < 0.05) in sperm metabolites, significantly reducing harmful substances such as dibutyl phthalate (p < 0.05), which has a negative effect on spermatogenesis. AOS can improve the composition of intestinal microbes, mainly increasing beneficial bacteria Enterobacter (p = 0.1262) and reducing harmful bacteria such as Streptococcus (p < 0.05), Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 (p < 0.05), and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, short-chain fatty acids in feces such as acetic acid (p < 0.05) and butyric acid (p < 0.05) were significantly increased. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a close correlation among microorganisms, sperm metabolites, and sperm parameters. Discussion Therefore, the data indicated that AOS improved the semen quality of older boars by improving the intestinal microbiota and sperm metabolome. AOS can be used as a feed additive to solve the problem of high elimination rate in large-scale boar studs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Zeou Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajian Tan
- YangXiang Joint Stock Company, Animal Nutrition Institute, Guigang, China
| | - Haiqing Sun
- YangXiang Joint Stock Company, Animal Nutrition Institute, Guigang, China
| | - Haidi Jiang
- YangXiang Joint Stock Company, Animal Nutrition Institute, Guigang, China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Life Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, Jilin, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
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Ren C, Song X, Dong Y, Hou C, Chen L, Wang Z, Li X, Schroyen M, Zhang D. Protein Phosphorylation Induced by Pyruvate Kinase M2 Inhibited Myofibrillar Protein Degradation in Post-Mortem Muscle. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:15280-15286. [PMID: 37776280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Myofibrillar protein degradation is primarily related to meat tenderness through protein phosphorylation regulation. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a glycolytic rate-limiting enzyme, is also regarded as a protein kinase to catalyze phosphorylation. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between myofibrillar protein degradation and phosphorylation induced by PKM2. Myofibrillar proteins were incubated with PKM2 at 4, 25, and 37 °C. The global phosphorylation level of myofibrillar proteins in the PKM2 group was significantly increased, but it was sensitive to temperature (P < 0.05). Compared with 4 and 25 °C, PKM2 significantly increased the myofibrillar protein phosphorylation level from 0.5 to 6 h at 37 °C (P < 0.05). In addition, the degradation of desmin and actin was inhibited after they were phosphorylated by PKM2 when incubated at 37 °C. These results demonstrate that phosphorylation of myofibrillar proteins catalyzed by PKM2 inhibited protein degradation and provided a possible pathway for meat tenderization through glycolytic enzyme regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ren
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agra-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agra-Bio Tech, University of LièGe, Passage des Déport́s 2, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Xubo Song
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agra-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yu Dong
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agra-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Chengli Hou
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agra-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agra-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agra-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agra-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agra-Bio Tech, University of LièGe, Passage des Déport́s 2, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agra-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Xu Y, Zhang D, Xie F, Li X, Schroyen M, Chen L, Hou C. Changes in water holding capacity of chilled fresh pork in controlled freezing-point storage assisted by different modes of electrostatic field action. Meat Sci 2023; 204:109269. [PMID: 37394351 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic field-assisted low-temperature preservation is considered a novel technology, which provides an effective means of extending the shelf-life of meat. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different output time modes of a high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) on the water holding capacity (WHC) of chilled fresh pork during controlled freezing-point storage. Under a direct current HVEF generator, chilled fresh pork samples were treated by the single, interval, or continuous HVEF treatment, with a control check group receiving no HVEF treatment. It was determined that the WHC of the continuous HVEF treatment higher than the control check group. This difference was proven by analyzing the moisture content, storage loss, centrifugal loss, cooking loss, and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Furthermore, the mechanism behind HVEF-assisted controlled freezing-point storage reduced the moisture loss was conducted by examining the changes in the hydration characteristics of myofibrillar protein. The study revealed that myofibrillar proteins exhibit high solubility and low surface hydrophobicity under continuous HVEF. Additionally, continuous HVEF has been demonstrated to effectively maintain the higher WHC and lower hardness of myofibrillar protein gel by inhibiting the water molecule migration. The demonstration of these results showcases the effectiveness of electrostatic fields for the future physical preservation of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Xu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage de Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Feifei Xie
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage de Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Chengli Hou
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Yu W, Nan X, Schroyen M, Wang Y, Xiong B. Inulin-induced differences on serum extracellular vesicles derived miRNAs in dairy cows suffering from subclinical mastitis. Animal 2023; 17:100954. [PMID: 37690274 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) profiles vary with the nutritional and pathological conditions of cattle. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of inulin supplement on miRNA profiles derived from serum extracellular vesicles (EVs). Our goal was to determine the differences in miRNA expressions and analyse the pathways in which they are involved. Based on the results of California mastitis test and milk somatic cell counts, ten lactating cows with subclinical mastitis were randomly divided into two groups: an inulin group and a control group (n = 5 in each group). The inulin group received a daily supplement of 300 g of inulin while the control group did not receive any supplementation. After a 5-week treatment period, serum-derived EV-miRNAs from each cow were isolated. High-throughput sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. GO and KEGG bioinformatics analysis was performed to examine the target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs. The EV-RNA concentration and small RNA content were not affected by the inulin treatment. A total of 162 known miRNAs and 180 novel miRNAs were identified from 10 samples in the two groups. Among the known miRNAs, 23 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed between the two groups, with 18 upregulated and five downregulated in the inulin group compared to the control group. Pathway analysis revealed the involvement of these differentially expressed miRNAs in the regulation of cell structure and function, lipid oxidation and metabolism, immunity and inflammation, as well as digestion and absorption of nutrients. Overall, our study provides a molecular-level explanation for the reported beneficial health effects of inulin supplementation in cows with subclinical mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - X Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - M Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Y Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - B Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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9
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Herrera-Uribe J, Lim KS, Byrne KA, Daharsh L, Liu H, Corbett RJ, Marco G, Schroyen M, Koltes JE, Loving CL, Tuggle CK. Integrative profiling of gene expression and chromatin accessibility elucidates specific transcriptional networks in porcine neutrophils. Front Genet 2023; 14:1107462. [PMID: 37287538 PMCID: PMC10242145 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1107462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are vital components of the immune system for limiting the invasion and proliferation of pathogens in the body. Surprisingly, the functional annotation of porcine neutrophils is still limited. The transcriptomic and epigenetic assessment of porcine neutrophils from healthy pigs was performed by bulk RNA sequencing and transposase accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq). First, we sequenced and compared the transcriptome of porcine neutrophils with eight other immune cell transcriptomes to identify a neutrophil-enriched gene list within a detected neutrophil co-expression module. Second, we used ATAC-seq analysis to report for the first time the genome-wide chromatin accessible regions of porcine neutrophils. A combined analysis using both transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility data further defined the neutrophil co-expression network controlled by transcription factors likely important for neutrophil lineage commitment and function. We identified chromatin accessible regions around promoters of neutrophil-specific genes that were predicted to be bound by neutrophil-specific transcription factors. Additionally, published DNA methylation data from porcine immune cells including neutrophils were used to link low DNA methylation patterns to accessible chromatin regions and genes with highly enriched expression in porcine neutrophils. In summary, our data provides the first integrative analysis of the accessible chromatin regions and transcriptional status of porcine neutrophils, contributing to the Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes (FAANG) project, and demonstrates the utility of chromatin accessible regions to identify and enrich our understanding of transcriptional networks in a cell type such as neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juber Herrera-Uribe
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Kyu-Sang Lim
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Animal Resource Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kristen A. Byrne
- USDA-Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Lance Daharsh
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ryan J. Corbett
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Gianna Marco
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - James E. Koltes
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Crystal L. Loving
- USDA-Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, Ames, IA, United States
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Lemal P, May K, König S, Schroyen M, Gengler N. Invited review: From heat stress to disease-Immune response and candidate genes involved in cattle thermotolerance. J Dairy Sci 2023:S0022-0302(23)00214-X. [PMID: 37164864 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress implies unfavorable effects on primary and functional traits in dairy cattle and, in consequence, on the profitability of the whole production system. The increasing number of days with extreme hot temperatures suggests that it is imperative to detect the heat stress status of animals based on adequate measures. However, confirming the heat stress status of an individual is still challenging, and, in consequence, the identification of novel heat stress biomarkers, including molecular biomarkers, remains a very relevant issue. Currently, it is known that heat stress seems to have unfavorable effects on immune system mechanisms, but this information is of limited use in the context of heat stress phenotyping. In addition, there is a lack of knowledge addressing the molecular mechanisms linking the relevant genes to the observed phenotype. In this review, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms explaining how heat stress affects the immune system and, therefore, increases the occurrence of immune-related diseases in cattle. In this regard, 2 relatively opposite hypotheses are under focus: the immunosuppressive action of cortisol, and the proinflammatory effect of heat stress. In both hypotheses, the modulation of the immune response during heat stress is highlighted. Moreover, it is possible to link candidate genes to these potential mechanisms. In this context, immune markers are very valuable indicators for the detection of heat stress in dairy cattle, broadening the portfolio of potential biomarkers for heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lemal
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - K May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - M Schroyen
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - N Gengler
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
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11
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Dang G, Wen X, Zhong R, Wu W, Tang S, Li C, Yi B, Chen L, Zhang H, Schroyen M. Pectin modulates intestinal immunity in a pig model via regulating the gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolite-AhR-IL22 pathway. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:38. [PMID: 36882874 PMCID: PMC9993796 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00838-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pectin is a heteropolysaccharide that acts as an intestinal immunomodulator, promoting intestinal development and regulating intestinal flora in the gut. However, the relevant mechanisms remain obscure. In this study, pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet supplemented with either 5% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) or 5% pectin for 3 weeks, to investigate the metabolites and anti-inflammatory properties of the jejunum. RESULT The results showed that dietary pectin supplementation improved intestinal integrity (Claudin-1, Occludin) and inflammatory response [interleukin (IL)-10], and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) was down-regulated in the jejunum. Moreover, pectin supplementation altered the jejunal microbiome and tryptophan-related metabolites in piglets. Pectin specifically increased the abundance of Lactococcus, Enterococcus, and the microbiota-derived metabolites (skatole (ST), 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA), 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA), 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (HIAA), and tryptamine (Tpm)), which activated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway. AhR activation modulates IL-22 and its downstream pathways. Correlation analysis revealed the potential relationship between metabolites and intestinal morphology, intestinal gene expression, and cytokine levels. CONCLUSION In conclusion, these results indicated that pectin inhibits the inflammatory response by enhancing the AhR-IL22-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway, which is activated through tryptophan metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Xiaobin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weida Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shanlong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
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12
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Xiao C, Zhu Q, Comer L, Pan X, Everaert N, Schroyen M, Song B, Song Z. Dietary 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol and additional vitamin E improve bone development and antioxidant capacity in high-density stocking broilers. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad369. [PMID: 37933958 PMCID: PMC10642724 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of diets supplemented with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25-(OH)D3] and additional vitamin E on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, bone development, and carcass characteristics at different stocking densities on commercial broiler farms. A total of 118,800 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial treatment consisting of two dietary vitamin levels (5,500 IU vitamin D3 and 60 IU vitamin E: normal diet, using half 25-(OH)D3 as a source of vitamin D3 and an additional 60 IU of vitamin E: 25-(OH)D3+VE diet) and two stocking densities (high density of 20 chickens/m2: HD and 16 chickens/m2: LD). The experiment lasted for 42 d. The results showed that high-density stocking negatively affected the growth performance of broilers during the first four weeks, whereas the vitamin diet treatment significantly improved the feed conversion ratios (FCR) during the last 2 wk. Vitamin diets increased catalase at 14 and 42 d, and the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) levels at 42 d in high-density-stocked broilers. The interaction showed that serum vitamin E levels were significantly improved at 28 d of age in high-density-stocked broilers as a result of the vitamin diets. Stocking density and dietary treatments were found to significantly affect bone development, with the vitamin diet significantly increasing metatarsal length and femoral bone strength in broilers from high-density stocking density at 28 d of age. High stocking density increased the proportion of leg muscles and meat yield per square meter. In general, 25-(OH)D3 and additional vitamin E suppressed oxidative stress and ameliorated the negative effects of high-density stocking on bone development in a commercial chicken farm setting. Vitamin diets improved the FCR of broilers, while high-density stocking resulted in better economic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanpi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000. China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Qijiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000. China
| | - Luke Comer
- Nutrition and Animal Microbiota Ecosystems lab, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Xue Pan
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000. China
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000. China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Bochen Song
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000. China
| | - Zhigang Song
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000. China
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Zhao XM, Jiang XR, Xia T, Arévalo Sureda E, Schroyen M, Everaert N, Li XL. Corrigendum to "Effect of dietary protein and energy intake on embryonic survival and gene expression in the uterine endometrium of early pregnant gilts" [Animal 16(6) (2022) 100540]. Animal 2023; 17:100687. [PMID: 36542912 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- X M Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - X R Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - T Xia
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - E Arévalo Sureda
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - M Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - N Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - X L Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Zhou Y, Chen L, Han H, Xiong B, Zhong R, Jiang Y, Liu L, Sun H, Tan J, Cheng X, Schroyen M, Gao Y, Zhao Y, Zhang H. Taxifolin increased semen quality of Duroc boars by improving gut microbes and blood metabolites. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1020628. [PMCID: PMC9614168 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1020628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin (TAX), as a natural flavonoid, has been widely focused on due to its strong anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-virus, and even anti-tumor activity. However, the effect of TAX on semen quality was unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze the beneficial influences of adding feed additive TAX to boar semen in terms of its quality and potential mechanisms. We discovered that TAX increased sperm motility significantly in Duroc boars by the elevation of the protein levels such as ZAG, PKA, CatSper, and p-ERK for sperm quality. TAX increased the blood concentration of testosterone derivatives, antioxidants such as melatonin and betaine, unsaturated fatty acids such as DHA, and beneficial amino acids such as proline. Conversely, TAX decreased 10 different kinds of bile acids in the plasma. Moreover, TAX increased “beneficial” microbes such as Intestinimonas, Coprococcus, Butyrivibrio, and Clostridium_XlVa at the Genus level. However, TAX reduced the “harmful” intestinal bacteria such as Prevotella, Howardella, Mogibacterium, and Enterococcus. There was a very close correlation between fecal microbes, plasma metabolites, and semen parameters by the spearman correlation analysis. Therefore, the data suggest that TAX increases the semen quality of Duroc boars by benefiting the gut microbes and blood metabolites. It is supposed that TAX could be used as a kind of feed additive to increase the semen quality of boars to enhance production performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Bohui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqing Sun
- YangXiang Joint Stock Company, Guigang, China
| | - Jiajian Tan
- YangXiang Joint Stock Company, Guigang, China
| | | | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Life Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, Jilin, China
- Yang Gao,
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Yong Zhao, ;
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongfu Zhang,
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15
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Fu Y, Wang J, Schroyen M, Chen G, Zhang HJ, Wu SG, Li BM, Qi GH. Effects of rearing systems on the eggshell quality, bone parameters and expression of genes related to bone remodeling in aged laying hens. Front Physiol 2022; 13:962330. [PMID: 36117717 PMCID: PMC9470921 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.962330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Public concerns regarding animal welfare are changing the selection of rearing systems in laying hens. This study investigated the effects of rearing systems on eggshell quality, bone parameters and relative expression levels of genes related to bone remodeling in aged laying hens. A total of 2,952 55-day-old Jing Tint Six pullets were randomly assigned to place in the conventional caging system (CCS) or aviary system (AVS) and kept until 95 weeks of age. The AVS group delayed the decrease of eggshell quality and alleviated the symptoms of osteoporosis in the humerus rather than in the femur. Eggshell breaking strength, thickness, weight, weight ratio, stiffness and fracture toughness were decreased linearly with age (from 55 to 95 weeks of age, p < 0.05). The AVS group had higher eggshell breaking strength, stiffness and fracture toughness than the CCS group (p < 0.05). Higher total calcium and phosphorus per egg were presented in the AVS group at 95 weeks of age (p < 0.05). At 95 weeks of age, the AVS group had a humerus with higher weight, volume, length, midpoint perimeter, cortical index, fat-free dry weight, ash content, total calcium per bone, total phosphorus per bone, average bone mineral density, strength, stiffness and work to fracture compared to the CCS group (p < 0.05). Such differences did not appear in the femur. The relative expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) genes in the femur and hormone receptors (vitamin D receptor (VDR), estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)) genes in the humerus were significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) in the AVS group. The level of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) transcripts was also increased (p < 0.05) in the femur of the AVS group. Overall, compared with the CCS, the AVS alleviated the deterioration of eggshell and bone qualities of aged laying hens, which may be related to the changes in the expression of genes associated with bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-environmental Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-geng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-environmental Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guang-hai Qi, ; Bao-ming Li,
| | - Guang-hai Qi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guang-hai Qi, ; Bao-ming Li,
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16
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Han H, Zhou Y, Xiong B, Zhong R, Jiang Y, Sun H, Tan J, Zhang B, Guan C, Schroyen M, Chen L, Zhao Y, Zhang H. Alginate oligosaccharides increase boar semen quality by affecting gut microbiota and metabolites in blood and sperm. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:982152. [PMID: 36071975 PMCID: PMC9441641 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.982152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS), natural polymers from brown seaweeds (such as Laminaria japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, and Sargassum fusiforme), have been reported to possess many beneficial advantages for health. In the current study, after 9 weeks of dietary supplementation, AOS 10 mg/kg group (AOS 10) group increased boar sperm motility from 87.8% to 93.5%, p < 0.05. Moreover, AOS10 increased the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium, Coprococcus, Butyricicoccus (1.3–2.3-fold; p < 0.05) to increase the beneficial blood and sperm metabolites (1.2–1.6-fold; p < 0.05), and important sperm proteins such as gelsolin, Zn-alpha2 glycoprotein, Cation Channel Sperm-Associated Protein, outer dense fiber of sperm tails, etc. (1.5–2.2-fold; p < 0.05). AOS had a long-term beneficial advantage on boar semen quality by the increase in semen volume (175 vs. 160 ml/ejaculation, p < 0.05). AOS may be used as dietary additives for improving semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of AgroBioChem, Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux AgroBioTech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yexun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of AgroBioChem, Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux AgroBioTech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Bohui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqing Sun
- YangXiang Joint Stock Company, Guigang, China
| | - Jiajian Tan
- YangXiang Joint Stock Company, Guigang, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Qingdao BZ Oligo Biotech Co., Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Chang Guan
- Qingdao BZ Oligo Biotech Co., Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Department of AgroBioChem, Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux AgroBioTech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Chen,
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Yong Zhao, ;
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Han H, Wang M, Zhong R, Yi B, Schroyen M, Zhang H. Depletion of Gut Microbiota Inhibits Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169350. [PMID: 36012616 PMCID: PMC9408850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated lipid metabolism is a key pathology in metabolic diseases and the liver is a critical organ for lipid metabolism. The gut microbiota has been shown to regulate hepatic lipid metabolism in the host. However, the underlying mechanism by which the gut microbiota influences hepatic lipid metabolism has not been elucidated. Here, a gut microbiota depletion mouse model was constructed with an antibiotics cocktail (Abx) to study the mechanism through which intestinal microbiota regulates hepatic lipid metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Our results showed that the Abx treatment effectively eradicated the gut microbiota in these mice. Microbiota depletion reduced the body weight and fat deposition both in white adipose tissue and liver. In addition, microbiota depletion reduced serum levels of glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), insulin, and leptin in HFD-fed mice. Importantly, the depletion of gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice inhibited excessive hepatic lipid accumulation. Mechanistically, RNA-seq results revealed that gut microbiota depletion changed the expression of hepatic genes involved in cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism, such as Cd36, Mogat1, Cyp39a1, Abcc3, and Gpat3. Moreover, gut microbiota depletion reduced the abundance of bacteria associated with abnormal metabolism and inflammation, including Lachnospiraceae, Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002, Enterorhabdus, Faecalibaculum, and Desulfovibrio. Correlation analysis showed that there was strong association between the altered gut microbiota abundance and the serum cholesterol level. This study indicates that gut microbiota ameliorates HFD-induced hepatic lipid metabolic dysfunction, which might be associated with genes participating in cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 4000 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Mengyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 4000 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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18
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Ren C, Li X, Bai Y, Schroyen M, Zhang D. Phosphorylation and acetylation of glycolytic enzymes cooperatively regulate their activity and lamb meat quality. Food Chem 2022; 397:133739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Verlinden SMD, Norton T, Larsen MLV, Schroyen M, Youssef A, Everaert N. Influence of temperature during incubation on the mRNA levels of temperature sensitive ion channels in the brain of broiler chicken embryos. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 268:111199. [PMID: 35337975 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Thermosensation is crucial for the survival of any organism. In animals, changes in brain temperature are detected via sensory neurons, their cell bodies are located in the trigeminal ganglia. Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels are the largest temperature sensing family. In mammals, 11 thermoTRPs are known, as in poultry, there are only three. This research further elucidates TRP mRNA expression in the brain of broiler embryo's. Three incubation treatments were conducted on 400 eggs each: the control (C) at 37.6 °C; T1 deviating from C by providing a + 1 °C heat stimuli during embryonic day (ED) 15-20 for 8 h a day; and T2, imposing a + 2 °C heat stimuli. After each heat stimuli, 12 eggs per treatment were taken for blood sampling from the chorioallantoic membrane and brain harvesting. Incubation parameters such has residual yolk (free embryonic) weight, chick quality and hatch percentage were collected. After primer optimization, 22 target genes (13 TRPs and 9 non-TRPs) were measured on mRNA of the brain using a nanofluidic biochip (Fluidigm Corporation). Four target genes (ANO2, TRPV1, SCN5A, TRAAK) have a significant treatment effect - independent of ED. Another four (TRPM8, TRPA1, TRPM2, TRPC3) have a significant treatment effect visible on one or more ED. Heat sensitive channels were increased in T2 and to a lesser degree in T1, which could be part of an acclimatisation process resulting in later life heat tolerance by increased heat sensitivity. T2, however, resulted in a lower hatch weight, quality and hatchability. No hormonal differences were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Maria Daniel Verlinden
- Department of Biosystems, Divison Animal and human health engineering, M3-BIORES, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Tomas Norton
- Department of Biosystems, Divison Animal and human health engineering, M3-BIORES, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Mona Lilian Vestbjerg Larsen
- Department of Biosystems, Divison Animal and human health engineering, M3-BIORES, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium; Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Department Gembloux AgroBio Tech, Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Ali Youssef
- Department of Biosystems, Divison Animal and human health engineering, M3-BIORES, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium; Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700, AH, Wageningen
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Department of Biosystems, Divison Animal and Human Health engineering, NAMES, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
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Zhao XM, Jiang XR, Xia T, Arévalo Sureda E, Schroyen M, Everaert N, Li XL. Effect of dietary protein and energy intake on embryonic survival and gene expression in the uterine endometrium of early pregnant gilts. Animal 2022; 16:100540. [PMID: 35594693 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine embryonic loss during early gestation is a serious problem in swine production. Improving embryonic survival can be achieved by maternal manipulation. Protein and energy are two major components of the diet, which play decisive roles in embryonic survival. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of enhancing maternal protein or energy intake on embryonic survival during early gestation in gilts and to explore the underlying mechanism. From day (d) 0 to 30 of gestation, 40 gilts (Landrace × York) were randomly allocated to 5 diets according to daily intake of low (L, National Research Council (NRC) recommendation for gestation gilts), medium (M, 20% higher than NRC) or high (H, 40% higher than NRC) CP or metabolisable energy (ME) (LCPLME, MCPLME, HCPLME, LCPHME, HCPHME). Gilts were sacrificed on d 30 of gestation, and number of foetuses and corpora lutea, embryonic survival rate, uterine weight, and total volume of allantoic fluid were recorded or calculated. Gene expression was determined by Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR), western blot or immunohistochemistry. Results showed that increasing protein or ME intake significantly increased embryonic survival rate. Compared with diet LCPLME, plasma progesterone (P4) concentration in diet LCPHME increased at d 14 and d 30 of gestation. Progesterone receptor (PGR) was found not to be expressed in the epithelia but was strongly expressed in the stroma of the endometrium. Increasing protein or ME intake did not alter PGR expression in the endometrium. There was also no change in the amount of P4, hepatocyte growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor-7 in the endometrium. The mRNA abundance of cationic amino acid transporter 1 in the endometrium in diet LCPHME and HCPHME was significantly lower than in diet LCPLME. Diet HCPLME showed a tendency to increase neutral amino acid transporter 1 mRNA expression in the endometrium compared to diet LCPLME (P = 0.087). In conclusion, increasing maternal protein or ME intake had a positive effect on the embryonic survival. Increased protein intake by 20 or 40% did not alter plasma P4 level, but increasing ME intake by 40% improved plasma P4 concentration at d 14 and 30 of gestation. Increasing maternal protein or ME intake did not induce PGR expression in the endometrium. Maternal protein and energy intake likely mediate transportation of cationic and neutral amino acids from mother to foetus to affect embryonic survival and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - X R Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - T Xia
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - E Arévalo Sureda
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - M Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - N Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - X L Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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21
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Liu Z, Chen L, Gao X, Zou R, Meng Q, Fu Q, Xie Y, Miao Q, Chen L, Tang X, Zhang S, Zhang H, Schroyen M. Quantitative proteomics reveals tissue-specific toxic mechanisms for acute hydrogen sulfide-induced injury of diverse organs in pig. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:150365. [PMID: 34555611 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a highly toxic gas in many environmental and occupational places. It can induce multiple organ injuries particularly in lung, trachea and liver, but the relevant mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we used a TMT-based discovery proteomics to identify key proteins and correlated molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of acute H2S-induced toxicity in porcine lung, trachea and liver tissues. Pigs were subjected to acute inhalation exposure of up to 250 ppm of H2S for 5 h for the first time. Changes in hematology and biochemical indexes, serum inflammatory cytokines and histopathology demonstrated that acute H2S exposure induced organs inflammatory injury and dysfunction in the porcine lung, trachea and liver. The proteomic data showed 51, 99 and 84 proteins that were significantly altered in lung, trachea and liver, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) annotation, KEGG pathway and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis revealed that acute H2S exposure affected the three organs via different mechanisms that were relatively similar between lung and trachea. Further analysis showed that acute H2S exposure caused inflammatory damages in the porcine lung and trachea through activating complement and coagulation cascades, and regulating the hyaluronan metabolic process. Whereas antigen presentation was found in the lung but oxidative stress and cell apoptosis was observed exclusively in the trachea. In the liver, an induced dysfunction was associated with protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and lipid metabolism. Further validation of some H2S responsive proteins using western blotting indicated that our proteomics data were highly reliable. Collectively, these findings provide insight into toxic molecular mechanisms that could potentially be targeted for therapeutic intervention for acute H2S intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Ruixia Zou
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingshi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qin Fu
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yanjiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qixiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangfang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
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Dong L, Meng L, Liu H, Wu H, Schroyen M, Zheng N, Wang J. Effect of Cephalosporin Treatment on the Microbiota and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Feces of Dairy Cows with Clinical Mastitis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11010117. [PMID: 35052994 PMCID: PMC8773067 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are frequently used to treat dairy cows with mastitis. However, the potential effects of β-lactam antibiotics, such as cephalosporins, on the fecal microbiome is unknown. The objective was to investigate the effects of ceftiofur and cefquinome on the fecal microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes of dairy cows with mastitis. The fecal samples were collected from 8 dairy cows at the following periods: the start day (Day 0), medication (Days 1, 2, and 3), withdrawal (Days 4, 6, 7, and 8), and recovery (Days 9, 11, 13, and 15). 16S rRNA gene sequencing was applied to explore the changes in microbiota, and qPCR was used to investigate the antibiotic resistance genes. The cephalosporin treatment significantly decreased the microbial diversity and richness, indicated by the decreased Shannon and Chao 1 indexes, respectively (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Bacteroides, Bacteroidaceae, Bacteroidales, and Bacteroidia increased, and the relative abundance of Clostridia, Clostridiales, Ethanoligenens, and Clostridium IV decreased at the withdrawal period. The cephalosporin treatment increased the relative abundance of β-lactam resistance genes (blaTEM and cfxA) at the withdrawal period (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the cephalosporin treatment decreased the microbial diversity and richness at the medication period, and increased the relative abundance of two β-lactam resistance genes at the withdrawal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (L.M.); (H.L.); (H.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Lu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (L.M.); (H.L.); (H.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (L.M.); (H.L.); (H.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (L.M.); (H.L.); (H.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (L.M.); (H.L.); (H.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (N.Z.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-10-62816069 (J.W.)
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (L.M.); (H.L.); (H.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (N.Z.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-10-62816069 (J.W.)
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23
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Uerlings J, Arévalo Sureda E, Schroyen M, Kroeske K, Tanghe S, De Vos M, Bruggeman G, Wavreille J, Bindelle J, Purcaro G, Everaert N. Impact of Citrus Pulp or Inulin on Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolites, Barrier, and Immune Function of Weaned Piglets. Front Nutr 2021; 8:650211. [PMID: 34926538 PMCID: PMC8679862 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.650211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the use of citrus pulp (CP) as a novel prebiotic capable of exerting microbiota and immunomodulating capacities to alleviate weaning stress. Inulin (IN), a well-known prebiotic, was used for comparison. Hundred and 28 male weaned piglets of 21 days old were assigned to 32 pens of 4 piglets each. Piglets were assigned to one of the four treatments, i.e., control, IN supplemented at 0.2% (IN0.2%), and CP supplemented either at 0.2% (CP0.2%) or at 2% (CP2%). On d10–11 and d31–32 post-weaning, one pig per pen was euthanized for intestinal sampling to evaluate the growth performance, chyme characteristics, small intestinal morphology, colonic inflammatory response and barrier integrity, metabolite profiles [gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)], and microbial populations. The IN treatment and the two CP treatments induced higher small intestinal villus height to crypt depth ratios in comparison with the control diet at both sampling times. All treatments decreased acidic goblet cell absolute counts in the crypts in comparison to the control diet of the duodenum on d10–11 and d31–32. The gene expression of β-defensin 2 was downregulated in colonic tissues following the IN and CP2% inclusion on d31–32. On d31–32, piglets fed with IN and CP0.2% showed lower mRNA levels of occludin and claudin-3, respectively. Not surprisingly, flavonoids were observed in the colon in the CP treatments. Increased colonic acetate proportions on d10–11, at the expense of branched-chain fatty acid (BCFA) levels, were observed following the CP2% supplementation compared to the control diet, inferring a reduction of proteolytic fermentation in the hindgut. The beneficial microbial community Faecalibacterium spp. was promoted in the colon of piglets fed with CP2% on d10–11 (p = 0.04; false discovery rate (FDR) non-significant) and on d31–32 (p = 0.03; FDR non-significant) in comparison with the control diet. Additionally, on d31–32, CP2% increased the relative abundance of Megasphaera spp. compared to control values (p = 0.03; FDR non-significant). In conclusion, CP2% promoted the growth of beneficial bacterial communities in both post-weaning time points, modulating colonic fermentation patterns in the colon. The effects of CP supplementation were similar to those of IN and showed the potential as a beneficial feed supplement to alleviate weaning stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Uerlings
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.,Research Foundation for Industry and Agriculture, National Scientific Research Foundation (FRIA-FNRS), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ester Arévalo Sureda
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Kikianne Kroeske
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.,Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - José Wavreille
- Production and Sectors Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Center, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Giorgia Purcaro
- Analytical Chemistry Lab, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.,Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
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24
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Zhao X, Wang J, Gao G, Bontempo V, Chen C, Schroyen M, Li X, Jiang X. The Influence of Dietary Gallic Acid on Growth Performance and Plasma Antioxidant Status of High and Low Weaning Weight Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113323. [PMID: 34828054 PMCID: PMC8614436 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of dietary gallic acid (GA) on growth performance, diarrhea incidence and plasma antioxidant status of weaned piglets regardless of whether weaning weight was high or low. A total of 120 weaned piglets were randomly allocated to four treatments in a 42-day experiment with a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement comparing different weaning weights (high weight (HW) or low weight (LW), 8.49 ± 0.18 kg vs. 5.45 ± 0.13 kg) and dietary treatment (without supplementation (CT) or with supplementation of 400 mg/kg of GA). The results showed that HW piglets exhibited better growth performance and plasma antioxidant capacity. Piglets supplemented with GA had higher body weight (BW) on day 42 and average daily gain (ADG) from day 0 to 42 compared to the control piglets, which is mainly attributed to the specific improvement on BW and ADG of LW piglets by the supplementation of GA. The decreased values of diarrhea incidence were seen in piglets fed GA, more particularly in LW piglets. In addition, dietary GA numerically reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content in plasma of LW piglets. In conclusion, our study suggests that dietary GA may especially improve the growth and health in LW weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (X.L.)
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Jizhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Valentino Bontempo
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Chiqing Chen
- Wufeng Chicheng Biotech Co., Ltd., Yichang 443413, China;
| | - Martine Schroyen
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Xilong Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Xianren Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Dong L, Meng L, Liu H, Wu H, Hu H, Zheng N, Wang J, Schroyen M. Corrigendum to "Effect of therapeutic administration of β-lactam antibiotics on the bacterial community and antibiotic resistance patterns in milk" (J. Dairy Sci. 104:7018-7025). J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:12185. [PMID: 34689886 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-104-11-12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Kroeske K, Arévalo Sureda E, Uerlings J, Deforce D, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Heyndrickx M, Millet S, Everaert N, Schroyen M. The Impact of Maternal and Piglet Low Protein Diet and Their Interaction on the Porcine Liver Transcriptome around the Time of Weaning. Vet Sci 2021; 8:233. [PMID: 34679062 PMCID: PMC8540021 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8100233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal diet during early gestation affects offspring phenotype, but it is unclear whether maternal diet during late gestation influences piglet metabolism. We evaluated the impact of two dietary protein levels in sow late gestation diet and piglet nursery diet on piglet metabolism. Diets met or exceeded the crude protein and amino acid requirements. Sows received either 12% (Lower, L) or 17% (Higher, H) crude protein (CP) during the last five weeks of gestation, and piglets received 16.5% (L) or 21% (H) CP from weaning at age 3.5 weeks. This resulted in a 2 × 2 factorial design with four sow/piglet diet treatment groups: HH and LL (match), HL and LH (mismatch). Piglet hepatic tissues were sampled and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined by RNA sequencing. At age 4.5 weeks, 25 genes were downregulated and 22 genes were upregulated in the mismatch compared to match groups. Several genes involved in catabolic pathways were upregulated in the mismatch compared to match groups, as were genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation. The results show a distinct interaction effect between maternal and nursery diets, implying that sow late gestation diet could be used to optimize piglet metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kikianne Kroeske
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (K.K.); (E.A.S.); (J.U.); (N.E.)
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9090 Melle, Belgium; (M.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Ester Arévalo Sureda
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (K.K.); (E.A.S.); (J.U.); (N.E.)
| | - Julie Uerlings
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (K.K.); (E.A.S.); (J.U.); (N.E.)
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (D.D.); (F.V.N.)
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (D.D.); (F.V.N.)
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9090 Melle, Belgium; (M.H.); (S.M.)
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Sam Millet
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9090 Melle, Belgium; (M.H.); (S.M.)
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (K.K.); (E.A.S.); (J.U.); (N.E.)
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (K.K.); (E.A.S.); (J.U.); (N.E.)
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Schroyen M, Li B, Arévalo Sureda E, Zhang Y, Leblois J, Deforce D, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Wavreille J, Everaert N. Pre-Weaning Inulin Supplementation Alters the Ileal Transcriptome in Pigs Regarding Lipid Metabolism. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8100207. [PMID: 34679037 PMCID: PMC8539436 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics, such as inulin, are non-digestible compounds that stimulate the growth of beneficial microbiota, which results in improved gut and overall health. In this study, we were interested to see if, and how, the ileal transcriptome altered after inulin administration in the pre-weaning period in pigs. Seventy-two Piétrain–Landrace newborn piglets were divided into three groups: (a) a control (CON) group (n = 24), (b) an inulin (IN)-0.5 group (n = 24), and (c) an IN-0.75 group (n = 24). Inulin was provided as a solution and administered twice a day. At week 4, eight piglets per group, those closest to the average in body weight, were sacrificed, and ileal scrapings were collected and analyzed using 3′ mRNA massively parallel sequencing. Only minor differences were found, and three genes were differentially expressed between the CON and IN-0.5 group, at an FDR of 10%. All three genes were downregulated in the IN-0.5 group. When comparing the CON group with the IN-0.75 group, five genes were downregulated in the IN-0.75 group, including the three genes seen earlier as differentially expressed between CON and IN-0.5. No genes were found to be differential expressed between IN-0.5 and IN-0.75. Validation of a selection of these genes was done using qRT-PCR. Among the downregulated genes were Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4), Aquaporin 7 (AQP7), and Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1). Thus, although only a few genes were found to be differentially expressed, several of them were involved in lipid metabolism, belonging to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway and known to promote lipolysis. We, therefore, conclude that these lipid metabolism genes expressed in the ileum may play an important role when supplementing piglets with inulin early in life, before weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (M.S.); (B.L.); (E.A.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Bing Li
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (M.S.); (B.L.); (E.A.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ester Arévalo Sureda
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (M.S.); (B.L.); (E.A.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuping Zhang
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (M.S.); (B.L.); (E.A.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Julie Leblois
- Association Wallonne de l’Élevage asbl (AWÉ), B-5590 Ciney, Belgium;
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (D.D.); (F.V.N.)
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (D.D.); (F.V.N.)
| | - José Wavreille
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center, Department of Production and Sectors, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (M.S.); (B.L.); (E.A.S.); (Y.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-81-62-24-48
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28
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Zhang K, Tao C, Xu J, Ruan J, Xia J, Zhu W, Xin L, Ye H, Xie N, Xia B, Li C, Wu T, Wang Y, Schroyen M, Xiao X, Fan J, Yang S. CD8 + T Cells Involved in Metabolic Inflammation in Visceral Adipose Tissue and Liver of Transgenic Pigs. Front Immunol 2021; 12:690069. [PMID: 34322121 PMCID: PMC8311854 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory therapies have the potential to become an effective treatment for obesity-related diseases. However, the huge gap of immune system between human and rodent leads to limitations of drug discovery. This work aims at constructing a transgenic pig model with higher risk of metabolic diseases and outlining the immune responses at the early stage of metaflammation by transcriptomic strategy. We used CRISPR/Cas9 techniques to targeted knock-in three humanized disease risk genes, GIPRdn , hIAPP and PNPLA3I148M . Transgenic effect increased the risk of metabolic disorders. Triple-transgenic pigs with short-term diet intervention showed early symptoms of type 2 diabetes, including glucose intolerance, pancreatic lipid infiltration, islet hypertrophy, hepatic lobular inflammation and adipose tissue inflammation. Molecular pathways related to CD8+ T cell function were significantly activated in the liver and visceral adipose samples from triple-transgenic pigs, including antigen processing and presentation, T-cell receptor signaling, co-stimulation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine and chemokine secretion. The similar pro-inflammatory signaling in liver and visceral adipose tissue indicated that there might be a potential immune crosstalk between the two tissues. Moreover, genes that functionally related to liver antioxidant activity, mitochondrial function and extracellular matrix showed distinct expression between the two groups, indicating metabolic stress in transgenic pigs' liver samples. We confirmed that triple-transgenic pigs had high coincidence with human metabolic diseases, especially in the scope of inflammatory signaling at early stage metaflammation. Taken together, this study provides a valuable large animal model for the clinical study of metaflammation and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Cong Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Xu
- The Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxue Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wenjuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leilei Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huaqiong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Boce Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xinhua Xiao
- The Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangao Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Digestion and Nutrition, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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29
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Kroeske K, Everaert N, Heyndrickx M, Arévalo Sureda E, Schroyen M, Millet S. Interaction of CP levels in maternal and nursery diets, and its effect on performance, protein digestibility, and serum urea levels in piglets. Animal 2021; 15:100266. [PMID: 34116462 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced protein levels in nursery diets have been associated with a lower risk of postweaning diarrhea, but the interaction with CP levels in maternal diet on the performance of the offspring remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of protein content in sow gestation and piglet nursery diets on the performance of the piglets until slaughter. This was studied in a 2 × 2 factorial trial (35 sows, 209 piglets), with higher or lower (H or L) dietary CP in sow diets (168 vs 122 g CP/kg) during late gestation. A standard lactation feed was provided for all sows (160 g CP/kg). For both sow treatments, half of the litters received a higher or lower CP in the piglet nursery diet (210 vs 166 g CP/kg). This resulted in four possible treatment combinations: HH, HL, LH and LL, with sow treatment as first and piglet treatment as second letter. For each phase, all diets were iso-energetic and had a similar level of essential amino acids. Ps*p is the p-value for the interaction effect between sow and piglet treatment. In the nursery phase (3.5-9 weeks of age), a tendency toward interaction between piglet and sow treatments with feed efficiency (Ps*p = 0.08) was observed with HH having the highest gain:feed ratio (G:F) (0.74 ± 0.01), LH the lowest (0.70 ± 0.01) and the other two groups intermediate. In the growing-finishing phase, an interaction was observed between the piglet and sow diets with decreased G:F for LH (Ps*p = 0.04) and a tendency toward interaction with increased daily feed intake for LH (Ps*p = 0.07). The sow diet showed a tendency toward a long-lasting effect on the dressing percentage and meat thickness of the offspring, which was higher for the progeny of H sows (Ps < 0.01 and Ps = 0.02, respectively). At 23 weeks, serum urea concentrations tended to be lower for the HH and LL groups (Ps*p = 0.07). Fecal consistency scores were higher at day 10-day 14 after weaning for piglets from L sows (Ps = 0.03 and Ps < 0.01, respectively). At day 7 after weaning, fecal consistency score was higher for piglets fed the higher protein diet (Pp < 0.01). At 8 weeks of age, the apparent total tract digestibility of CP (ATTDCP) interacted between piglet and sow diet (Ps*p = 0.02), with HH showing the highest digestibility values. In conclusion, the protein levels in sow late-gestation and piglet nursery diets interacted with feed efficiency, ATTDCP and serum urea concentrations in the nursery phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kroeske
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9090 Melle, Belgium; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - N Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - M Heyndrickx
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9090 Melle, Belgium; Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - E Arévalo Sureda
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - M Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - S Millet
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9090 Melle, Belgium; Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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30
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Cairo PLG, Nogueira SSC, Altino VS, Vandenheede M, Schroyen M, Taminiau B, Daube G, Gross E, Bindelle J, Nogueira-Filho SLG. Individual differences in behaviour and gut bacteria are associated in collared peccary (Mammalia, Tayassuidae). J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:2748-2762. [PMID: 33971065 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We tested the hypothesis that the behaviour of an individual is associated with the diversity of its gut bacteria, using the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) as a model. METHODS AND RESULTS In all, 24 adult male collared peccaries received either low- (n = 12) or high-fibre diet (n = 12) to induce contrasting gut fermentation profiles. They were submitted to three short-term challenges, allowing us to rate the animals in a coping-style dimension named 'calmness'. At the end of the experimental period, we collected samples of peccaries' forestomach contents to characterize bacterial diversity. We found a significant positive association between individual 'calmness' z-scores and the bacterial evenness index in gut bacteria (and a similar trend with the Simpson's diversity index), suggesting a more homogeneous bacterial community of calmer individuals. We also found a positive association between fibres digestibility and gut bacterial diversity in the peccaries' forestomach, but no effect of the dietary fibre level. CONCLUSIONS Gut bacteria evenness increases with 'calmness' z-scores, suggesting a more homogeneous bacterial community of calmer individuals, compared with the more heterogeneous of the most distressed ones. Our results also suggest associations between the digestibility of ADF with the gut bacterial diversity indices and with the relative abundance of the Actinobacteria phylum. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Our data showed that the hosts' individual behavioural differences are potentially aligned with gut bacterial diversity. The behaviour-microbiota link is correlated with host feed efficiency and, ultimately, may have implications for animal health and welfare of farm animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L G Cairo
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - S S C Nogueira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Estudos Interdisciplinares e Transdiciplinares em Ecologia e Evolução (INCT IN-TREE), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - V S Altino
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - M Vandenheede
- Department of Veterinary Management of Animal Resources, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - M Schroyen
- Department of AgroBioChem, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - B Taminiau
- Department of Food Sciences, Fundamental and Applied Research of Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - G Daube
- Department of Food Sciences, Fundamental and Applied Research of Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - E Gross
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - J Bindelle
- Department of AgroBioChem/TERRA, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit/AgricultureIsLife, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - S L G Nogueira-Filho
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Estudos Interdisciplinares e Transdiciplinares em Ecologia e Evolução (INCT IN-TREE), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
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31
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Dong L, Meng L, Liu H, Wu H, Hu H, Zheng N, Wang J, Schroyen M. Effect of therapeutic administration of β-lactam antibiotics on the bacterial community and antibiotic resistance patterns in milk. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:7018-7025. [PMID: 33741154 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-20025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Dairy cows with mastitis are frequently treated with antibiotics. The potential effect of antibiotics on the milk microbiome is still not clear. Therefore, the objective of this research was to investigate the effect of 2 commonly used cephalosporins on the milk microbiota of dairy cows and the antibiotic resistance genes in the milk. The milk samples were collected from 7 dairy cows at the period before medication (d 0), medication (d 1, 2, 3), withdrawal period (d 4, 6, 8), and the period after withdrawal (d 9, 11, 13, 15). We applied 16S rRNA sequencing to explore the microbiota changes, and antibiotic resistance patterns were investigated by quantitative PCR. The microbiota richness and diversity in each sample were calculated using the Chao 1 (richness), Shannon (diversity), and Simpson (diversity) indices. The cephalosporins treatment lowered the Simpson diversity value at the period of withdrawal. Members of the Enterobacter genera were the most affected bacteria associated with mastitis. Meanwhile, antibiotic resistance genes in the milk were also influenced by antibiotic treatment. The cephalosporins treatment raised the proportion of blaTEM in milk samples at the period of withdrawal. Therefore, the treatment of cephalosporins led to change in the milk microbiota and increase of β-lactam resistance gene in the milk at the time of withdrawal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Lu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Haoming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
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Zhang Y, Yin C, Schroyen M, Everaert N, Ma T, Zhang H. Effects of the Inclusion of Fermented Mulberry Leaves and Branches in the Gestational Diet on the Performance and Gut Microbiota of Sows and Their Offspring. Microorganisms 2021; 9:604. [PMID: 33804202 PMCID: PMC7998242 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented feed mulberry (FFM), being rich in dietary fiber, has not been fully evaluated to be used in sow's diet. In this study, we investigated the effects of 25.5% FFM supplemented in gestation diets on the performance and gut microbiota of sows and their offspring. Results showed that the serum concentration of glucose, progesterone, and estradiol were not affected by the dietary treatment, while the level of serum insulin and fecal short chain fatty acid were both reduced in FFM group on gestation day 60 (G60, p < 0.05). Additionally, FFM increased both voluntary feed intake and weaning litter weight (p < 0.05), while decreased the losses of both Backfat thickness and bodyweight throughout lactation (p < 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing showed FFM supplementation significantly increased the diversity and relative abundance of sows' fecal microbiota on G60 (p < 0.05). The differential microbiota for sows from FFM group was that Bacteroidetes was increased on G60 while Firmicutes were decreased on Lactation day 7 (L7, p < 0.05), and which for the FFM piglets was that both unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae on L0 and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae on L7 were increased (p < 0.05). In short, FFM can be recognized as a potential feed ingredient used in sow's diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (M.S.); (N.E.)
| | - Chang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (M.S.); (N.E.)
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (M.S.); (N.E.)
| | - Teng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.)
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33
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Liu Z, Fu Q, Tang S, Xie Y, Meng Q, Tang X, Zhang S, Zhang H, Schroyen M. Proteomics analysis of lung reveals inflammation and cell death induced by atmospheric H 2S exposure in pig. Environ Res 2020; 191:110204. [PMID: 32937176 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a popular toxic environmental gas and industrial pollutant, which can be harmful to multiple organ systems of both human and livestock, especially to the respiratory system. However, the injury mechanism of H2S exposure to lung remains poorly understood. In this study, pig lung was selected as a H2S exposure model for the first time. We first examined the histological damage and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes of lung in pigs exposed to H2S. Histopathology change and increased mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines demonstrated that H2S exposure indeed induced inflammatory injury in the porcine lung. We then performed TMT-based quantitative proteomics analysis to probe the injury molecular mechanism. The proteomics results showed that 526 proteins have significant changes in abundance between control and H2S treated swine. Further validation analysis of some H2S responsive proteins using both Real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting demonstrated that proteomics data are reliable. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that these proteins were involved in antigen processing and presentation, complement and coagulation cascade, IL-17 signaling pathway, ferroptosis and necroptosis. Our data suggest that H2S exposure induced immune suppression, inflammatory response and cell death. These findings provide a new insight into the complexity mechanisms of H2S induced lung injury, and offer therapeutic potential as drug targets with a view towards curing the intoxication caused by H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Qin Fu
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Shanlong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanjiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingshi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangfang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
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Fu Q, Liu Z, Bhawal R, Anderson ET, Sherwood RW, Yang Y, Thannhauser T, Schroyen M, Tang X, Zhang H, Zhang S. Comparison of MS 2, synchronous precursor selection MS 3, and real-time search MS 3 methodologies for lung proteomes of hydrogen sulfide treated swine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:419-429. [PMID: 33099676 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Tandem mass tags (TMTs) have increasingly become an attractive technique for global proteomics. However, its effectiveness for multiplexed quantitation by traditional tandem mass spectrometry (MS2) suffers from ratio distortion. Synchronous precursor selection (SPS) MS3 has been widely accepted for improved quantitation accuracy, but concurrently decreased proteome coverage. Recently, a Real-Time Search algorithm has been integrated with the SPS MS3 pipeline (RTS MS3) to provide accurate quantitation and improved depth of coverage. In this mechanistic study of the impact of exposure to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on the respiration of swine, we used TMT-based comparative proteomics of lung tissues from control and H2S-treated subjects as a test case to evaluate traditional MS2, SPS MS3, and RTS MS3 acquisition methods on both the Orbitrap Fusion and Orbitrap Eclipse platforms. Comparison of the results obtained by the MS2 with those of SPS MS3 and RTS MS3 methods suggests that the MS3-driven quantitative strategies provided a more accurate global-scale quantitation; however, only RTS MS3 provided proteomic coverage that rivaled that of traditional MS2 analysis. RTS MS3 not only yields more productive MS3 spectra than SPS MS3 but also appears to focus the analysis more effectively on unique peptides. Furthermore, pathway enrichment analyses of the H2S-altered proteins demonstrated that an additional apoptosis pathway was discovered exclusively by RTS MS3. This finding was verified by RT-qPCR, western blotting, and TUNEL staining experiments. We conclude that RTS MS3 workflow enables simultaneous improvement of quantitative accuracy and proteome coverage over alternative approaches (MS2 and SPS MS3). Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fu
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China.,Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Ruchika Bhawal
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Anderson
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Robert W Sherwood
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Yong Yang
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, 538 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Theodore Thannhauser
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, 538 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Xiangfang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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Uerlings J, Schroyen M, Bautil A, Courtin C, Richel A, Sureda EA, Bruggeman G, Tanghe S, Willems E, Bindelle J, Everaert N. In vitro prebiotic potential of agricultural by-products on intestinal fermentation, gut barrier and inflammatory status of piglets. Br J Nutr 2020; 123:293-307. [PMID: 31699173 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519002873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The inclusion of fibre-rich ingredients in diets is one possible strategy to enhance intestinal fermentation and positively impact gut ecology, barrier and immunity. Nowadays, inulin-type fructans are used as prebiotics in the feed of piglets to manipulate gut ecology for health purposes. Likewise, some by-products could be considered as sustainable and inexpensive ingredients to reduce gut disorders at weaning. In the present study, chicory root and pulp, citrus pulp, rye bran and soya hulls were tested in a three-step in vitro model of the piglet's gastro-intestinal tract combining a pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysis (digestion), a dialysis step using cellulose membranes (absorption) and a colonic batch fermentation (fermentation). The fermentation kinetics, SCFA and microbiota profiles in the fermentation broth were assessed as indicators of prebiotic activity and compared with the ones of inulin. The immunomodulatory effects of fermentation supernatant (FS) were investigated in cultured intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) by high-throughput quantitative PCR. Chicory root displayed a rapid and extensive fermentation and induced the second highest butyrate ratio after inulin. Citrus pulp demonstrated high acetate ratios and induced elevated Clostridium clusters IV and XIVa levels. Chicory root and pulp FS promoted the intestinal barrier integrity with up-regulated tight and adherens junction gene expressions in comparison with inulin FS. Chicory pulp FS exerted anti-inflammatory effects in cultured IPEC-J2. The novel approach combining an in vitro fermentation model with IPEC-J2 cells highlighted that both chicory root and pulp appear to be promising ingredients and should be considered to promote intestinal health at weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Uerlings
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
- Research Foundation for Industry and Agriculture, National Scientific Research Foundation (FRIA-FNRS), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - An Bautil
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M²S), KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Courtin
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M²S), KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aurore Richel
- Biomass and Green Technologies, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Ester A Sureda
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | | | - Sofie Tanghe
- Royal Agrifirm Group, 7325 AW Apeldoorn, the Netherlands
| | - Els Willems
- Royal Agrifirm Group, 7325 AW Apeldoorn, the Netherlands
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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Li B, Schroyen M, Leblois J, Beckers Y, Bindelle J, Everaert N. The use of inulin and wheat bran only during the starter period or during the entire rearing life of broilers: effects on growth performance, small intestinal maturation, and cecal microbial colonization until slaughter age. Poult Sci 2019; 98:4058-4065. [PMID: 30868160 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inulin and wheat bran were added to broiler diets during the starter period or during the entire rearing period to investigate whether the effects of using these ingredients remained until slaughter age. Diets containing no inulin and no wheat bran (CON), 2% inulin (IN), 10% wheat bran (WB), or 2% inulin + 10% wheat bran (IN+WB) were provided until day 11. Thereafter, each dietary treatment was further divided into a continued diet with supplementation or a control diet, resulting in 7 groups (CON, IN/IN, IN/CON, WB/WB, WB/CON, IN+WB/IN+WB, or IN+WB/CON). On day 40, 12 chickens per group were euthanized. The IN/IN group increased the cecal molar ratio of butyrate but had a lower relative abundance of Lactobacillus (P < 0.05). Additionally, the cecal molar ratio of propionate was higher in the IN/CON group compared to the IN/IN group (P = 0.034). The WB/CON group had the best results on BW and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). Only the cecal molar ratio of iso-butyrate was higher in the WB/WB group (P = 0.013). Moreover, compared to the CON group, both WB/WB and WB/CON groups reduced the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Escherichia coli, and only the WB/WB group reduced the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae (P < 0.05). Both IN+WB/IN+WB and IN+WB/CON groups increased BW until day 21 and lowered the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium (P < 0.05). The IN+WB/IN+WB group increased the cecal molar ratio of butyrate but reduced the molar ratio of propionate with a higher relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the lack of positive effects induced by inulin might be explained by the dose being too high. The beneficial effects on BW, FCR, and microbiota induced by wheat bran during the starter period were lasting when supplementation was stopped, suggesting that wheat bran could be a favorable ingredient during the starter period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Julie Leblois
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.,Research Foundation for Industry and Agriculture, National Scientific Research Foundation (FRIA-FNRS), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Beckers
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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Uerlings J, Bindelle J, Schroyen M, Richel A, Bruggeman G, Willems E, Everaert N. Fermentation capacities of fructan- and pectin-rich by-products and purified fractions via an in vitro piglet faecal model. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:5720-5733. [PMID: 31152455 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary strategies such as the inclusion of prebiotics have been suggested for modulating intestinal microbiota. In piglets, this strategy could result in a reduction of post-weaning-associated disorders and the use of antibiotics. To date, mainly purified fractions have been tested for their prebiotic effects at weaning while trials of potential health-promoting effects of products and corresponding by-products remain rare. In this study, fructan- and pectin-based ingredients have been tested in a two-step in vitro model for their fermentation kinetics as well as for their short-chain fatty acid production and microbiota profiles in fermentation broth as indicators for their prebiotic activity. RESULTS Chicory root, in contrast to chicory pulp, exhibited an extensive and rapid fermentation similar to inulin and oligofructose, although butyrate levels of root and pulp did not reach those of the purified fractions. Chicory pulp showed higher relative levels of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Clostridium cluster IV and butyryl-CoA:acetate-CoA transferase gene abundance compared to chicory root. Sugar beet pulp, orange and citrus by-products displayed extensive gas fermentation patterns, equivalent to those of purified pectin, and revealed an elevated butyrate production compared to purified pectin. Moreover, several orange and citrus by-products displayed significantly higher relative levels of Bifidobacterium spp. in comparison to purified pectin. CONCLUSIONS Chicory root and pulp as well as orange and citrus by-products appear to be promising ingredients for piglet diets for modulating intestinal fermentation for health purposes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Uerlings
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, Gembloux, Belgium
- Research Foundation for Industry and Agriculture, National Scientific Research Foundation (FRIA-FNRS), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Aurore Richel
- Biomass and Green Technologies, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | | | - Els Willems
- Royal Agrifirm Group, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, ULiège, Gembloux, Belgium
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Li B, Leblois J, Taminiau B, Schroyen M, Beckers Y, Bindelle J, Everaert N. The effect of inulin and wheat bran on intestinal health and microbiota in the early life of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 97:3156-3165. [PMID: 29846691 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inulin and wheat bran were added to the starter diets of broiler chickens to investigate the potential of these ingredients to improve the host's health and growth performance, as well as the underlying mechanisms of their effects. A total of 960 1-day-old chicks were assigned to 4 treatments: control (CON), 2% inulin (IN), 10% wheat bran (WB), and 10% wheat bran +2% inulin (WB+IN). On day 11, 6 chicks per treatment were euthanized. A general linear model procedure with Tukey's multiple range test was performed to compare a series of parameters between treatments. The WB-containing treatments improved BW on day 7, day 11, day 35, and BW gain until day 11 (P < 0.05), but only the WB+IN treatment showed a lower feed conversion ratio than the CON treatment (P = 0.011). Furthermore, the WB+IN treatment showed the highest villus height in the jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05), and the highest jejunal ratio villus height/crypt depth (P = 0.035). The concentration of acetate in the ceca was higher in the CON treatment compared to the IN treatment (P = 0.040). The IN treatment increased the concentration (P = 0.003) and ratio (P = 0.004) of iso-butyrate compared to the WB+IN and the CON treatments (P < 0.05). A clustering result exhibited similar intestinal microbiota profiles in the chicks receiving the IN and the WB+IN diets (P > 0.05), but these profiles were different from those found in chicks receiving the WB and the CON diets (P < 0.05). In conclusion, wheat bran and the combination of wheat bran and inulin ameliorated the growth performance and gut morphology of the starter chicks, which resulted in a higher BW until day 35. Inulin, on the other hand, had a greater ability to influence the microbiota profile. The beneficial results found in relation to BW and gut morphology during the starter period suggested a synergistic effect of inulin and wheat bran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés, 2. 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Julie Leblois
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés, 2. 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.,Research Foundation for Industry and Agriculture, National Scientific Research Foundation (FRIA-FNRS), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Taminiau
- FARAH - Department of Food Sciences - Microbiology, University of Liège, Avenue de Cureghem 180, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés, 2. 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yves Beckers
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés, 2. 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés, 2. 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés, 2. 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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Li B, Schroyen M, Leblois J, Wavreille J, Soyeurt H, Bindelle J, Everaert N. Effects of inulin supplementation to piglets in the suckling period on growth performance, postileal microbial and immunological traits in the suckling period and three weeks after weaning. Arch Anim Nutr 2018; 72:425-442. [PMID: 30160174 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2018.1508975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of inulin (IN) supplementation to suckling piglets at and 3 weeks post-weaning. A total of 72 newborn piglets were used. Twenty-four piglets per group received different amounts of IN during the suckling period: (a) CON: no IN; (b) IN-0.5: 0.5 g IN/d on the 1st week, 1 g IN/d on the 2nd week, 1.5 g IN/d on the 3rd week and 2 g IN/d on the 4th week, or (c) IN-0.75: 0.75 g IN/d on the 1st week, 1.5 g IN/d on the 2nd week, 2.25 g IN/d on the 3rd week and 3 g IN/d on the 4th week. Starting at 28 d of age, piglets were weaned and received a post-weaning diet without inulin during the following 3 weeks. At both 28 d and 49 d of age, piglets were euthanised for sampling. Piglets of group IN-0.5 had the highest body weight starting from the 3rd week (p < 0.05), concomitant with the highest villus height and the ratio of villus height/crypt depth in the jejunum and ileum on both sampling days (p < 0.05). At 28 d of age, an increased concentration of propionate, iso-butyrate or total short chain fatty acids was observed between treatment IN-0.5 and the other groups in the caecum or colon (p < 0.05). Moreover, the relative abundance of Escherichia coli (p = 0.05) and Enterobacteriaceae (p = 0.01) in colonic digesta were reduced in IN-0.5-treated piglets, and in both IN-supplemented groups, colonic interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α and toll-like receptor-4 mRNA abundance were decreased compared to the CON group (p < 0.05). However, at 49 d of age, most of these differences disappeared. In conclusion, treatment IN-0.5 improved during the suckling period of piglets development of intestine, but these beneficial effects were not lasting after weaning, when IN supplementation was terminated. Treatment IN-0.75, however, did not display a prebiotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- a Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Martine Schroyen
- a Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Julie Leblois
- a Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium.,b Research Foundation for Industry and Agriculture , Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS , Brussels , Belgium
| | - José Wavreille
- c Department of Production and Sectors , Walloon Agricultural Research Centre , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Hélène Soyeurt
- d Laboratory of statistics, informatics and modelling applied to bioengineering, agrobiochem department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- a Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- a Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
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Powell EJ, Charley S, Boettcher A, Varley L, Brown J, Schroyen M, Adur MK, Dekkers S, Isaacson D, Sauer M, Cunnick J, Ellinwood NM, Ross JW, Dekkers J, Tuggle C. Creating effective biocontainment facilities and maintenance protocols for raising specific pathogen-free, severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) pigs. Lab Anim 2018; 52:402-412. [PMID: 29325489 PMCID: PMC7737622 DOI: 10.1177/0023677217750691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is defined by the lack of an adaptive immune system. Mutations causing SCID are found naturally in humans, mice, horses, dogs, and recently in pigs, with the serendipitous discovery of the Iowa State University SCID pigs. As research models, SCID animals are naturally tolerant of xenotransplantation and offer valuable insight into research areas such as regenerative medicine, cancer therapy, as well as immune cell signaling mechanisms. Large-animal biomedical models, particularly pigs, are increasingly essential to advance the efficacy and safety of novel regenerative therapies on human disease. Thus, there is a need to create practical approaches to maintain hygienic severe immunocompromised porcine models for exploratory medical research. Such research often requires stable genetic lines for replication and survival of healthy SCID animals for months post-treatment. A further hurdle in the development of the ISU SCID pig as a biomedical model involved the establishment of facilities and protocols necessary to obtain clean SPF piglets from the conventional pig farm on which they were discovered. A colony of homozygous SCID boars and SPF carrier sows has been created and maintained through selective breeding, bone marrow transplants, innovative husbandry techniques, and the development of biocontainment facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Charley
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University
| | | | - Lisa Varley
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mary Sauer
- Laboratory Animal Resources, Iowa State University
| | - Joan Cunnick
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University
| | | | | | - Jack Dekkers
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University
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Leblois J, Massart S, Soyeurt H, Grelet C, Dehareng F, Schroyen M, Li B, Wavreille J, Bindelle J, Everaert N. Feeding sows resistant starch during gestation and lactation impacts their faecal microbiota and milk composition but shows limited effects on their progeny. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199568. [PMID: 29969488 PMCID: PMC6029764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Establishment of a beneficial microbiota profile for piglets as early in life as possible is important as it will impact their future health. In the current study, we hypothesized that resistant starch (RS) provided in the maternal diet during gestation and lactation will be fermented in their hindgut, which would favourably modify their milk and/or gut microbiota composition and that it would in turn affect piglets’ microbiota profile and their absorptive and immune abilities. Methods In this experiment, 33% of pea starch was used in the diet of gestating and lactating sows and compared to control sows. Their faecal microbiota and milk composition were determined and the colonic microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production and gut health related parameters of the piglets were measured two days before weaning. In addition, their overall performances and post-weaning faecal score were also assessed. Results The RS diet modulated the faecal microbiota of the sows during gestation, increasing the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio and the relative abundance of beneficial genera like Bifidobacterium but these differences disappeared during lactation and maternal diets did not impact the colonic microbiota of their progeny. Milk protein concentration decreased with RS diet and lactose concentration increased within the first weeks of lactation while decreased the week before weaning with the RS diet. No effect of the dietary treatment, on piglets’ bodyweight or diarrhoea frequency post-weaning was observed. Moreover, the intestinal morphology measured as villus height and crypt depths, and the inflammatory cytokines in the intestine of the piglets were not differentially expressed between maternal treatments. Only zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) was more expressed in the ileum of piglets born from RS sows, suggesting a better closure of the mucosa tight junctions. Conclusion Changes in the microbiota transferred from mother to piglets due to the inclusion of RS in the maternal diet are rather limited even though milk composition was affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Leblois
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
- Research Foundation for Industry and Agriculture, National Scientific Research Foundation (FRIA-FNRS), Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail: (JL); (NE)
| | - Sébastien Massart
- Laboratory of Urban and Integrated PhytoPathology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Hélène Soyeurt
- Laboratory of Statistics, Informatics and Modelling Applied to Bioengineering, AGROBIOCHEM Department, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Clément Grelet
- Valorisation of Agricultural Products Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Dehareng
- Valorisation of Agricultural Products Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Bing Li
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - José Wavreille
- Production and Sectors Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA, Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
- * E-mail: (JL); (NE)
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Waide EH, Tuggle CK, Serão NVL, Schroyen M, Hess A, Rowland RRR, Lunney JK, Plastow G, Dekkers JCM. Genomic prediction of piglet response to infection with one of two porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates. Genet Sel Evol 2018; 50:3. [PMID: 29390955 PMCID: PMC5801659 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-018-0371-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic prediction of the pig’s response to the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus (PRRSV) would be a useful tool in the swine industry. This study investigated the accuracy of genomic prediction based on porcine SNP60 Beadchip data using training and validation datasets from populations with different genetic backgrounds that were challenged with different PRRSV isolates. Results Genomic prediction accuracy averaged 0.34 for viral load (VL) and 0.23 for weight gain (WG) following experimental PRRSV challenge, which demonstrates that genomic selection could be used to improve response to PRRSV infection. Training on WG data during infection with a less virulent PRRSV, KS06, resulted in poor accuracy of prediction for WG during infection with a more virulent PRRSV, NVSL. Inclusion of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are in linkage disequilibrium with a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 4 was vital for accurate prediction of VL. Overall, SNPs that were significantly associated with either trait in single SNP genome-wide association analysis were unable to predict the phenotypes with an accuracy as high as that obtained by using all genotyped SNPs across the genome. Inclusion of data from close relatives into the training population increased whole genome prediction accuracy by 33% for VL and by 37% for WG but did not affect the accuracy of prediction when using only SNPs in the major QTL region. Conclusions Results show that genomic prediction of response to PRRSV infection is moderately accurate and, when using all SNPs on the porcine SNP60 Beadchip, is not very sensitive to differences in virulence of the PRRSV in training and validation populations. Including close relatives in the training population increased prediction accuracy when using the whole genome or SNPs other than those near a major QTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Waide
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Nick V L Serão
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Andrew Hess
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jack C M Dekkers
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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Waide EH, Tuggle CK, Serão NVL, Schroyen M, Hess A, Rowland RRR, Lunney JK, Plastow G, Dekkers JCM. Genomewide association of piglet responses to infection with one of two porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:16-38. [PMID: 28177360 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.0874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a devastating disease in the swine industry. Identification of host genetic factors that enable selection for improved performance during PRRS virus (PRRSV) infection would reduce the impact of this disease on animal welfare and production efficiency. We conducted genomewide association study (GWAS) analyses of data from 13 trials of approximately 200 commercial crossbred nursery-age piglets that were experimentally infected with 1 of 2 type 2 isolates of PRRSV (NVSL 97-7985 [NVSL] and KS2006-72109 [KS06]). Phenotypes analyzed were viral load (VL) in blood during the first 21 d after infection (dpi) and weight gain (WG) from 0 to 42 dpi. We accounted for the previously identified QTL in the region on SSC4 in our models to increase power to identify additional regions. Many regions identified by single-SNP analyses were not identified using Bayes-B, but both analyses identified the same regions on SSC3 and SSC5 to be associated with VL in the KS06 trials and on SSC6 in the NVSL trials ( < 5 × 10); for WG, regions on SSC5 and SSC17 were associated in the NVSL trials ( < 3 × 10). No regions were identified with either method for WG in the KS06 trials. Except for the region on SSC4, which was associated with VL for both isolates (but only with WG for NVSL), identified regions did not overlap between the 2 PRRSV isolate data sets, despite high estimates of the genetic correlation between isolates for traits based on these data. We also identified genomic regions whose associations with VL or WG interacted with either PRRSV isolate or with genotype at the SSC4 QTL. Gene ontology (GO) annotation terms for genes located near moderately associated SNP ( < 0.003) were enriched for multiple immunologically (VL) and metabolism- (WG) related GO terms. The biological relevance of these regions suggests that, although it may increase the number of false positives, the use of single-SNP analyses and a relaxed threshold also increased the identification of true positives. In conclusion, although only the SSC4 QTL was associated with response to both PRRSV isolates, genes near associated SNP were enriched for the same GO terms across PRRSV isolates, suggesting that host responses to these 2 isolates are affected by the actions of many genes that function together in similar biological processes.
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Waide EH, Tuggle CK, Serão NVL, Schroyen M, Hess A, Rowland RRR, Lunney JK, Plastow G, Dekkers JCM. Genomewide association of piglet responses to infection with one of two porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.0874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Schroyen M, Feye KM, Nguyen YT, Rakhshandeh A, Gabler NK, Nettleton D, Dekkers JCM, Tuggle CK. P3011 Toward robust blood biomarkers for residual feed intake in pigs. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.94supplement456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Schroyen M, Eisley C, Koltes JE, Fritz-Waters E, Choi I, Plastow GS, Guan L, Stothard P, Bao H, Kommadath A, Reecy JM, Lunney JK, Rowland RRR, Dekkers JCM, Tuggle CK. Bioinformatic analyses in early host response to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) reveals pathway differences between pigs with alternate genotypes for a major host response QTL. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:196. [PMID: 26951612 PMCID: PMC4782518 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2547-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A region on Sus scrofa chromosome 4 (SSC4) surrounding single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker WUR10000125 (WUR) has been reported to be strongly associated with both weight gain and serum viremia in pigs after infection with PRRS virus (PRRSV). A proposed causal mutation in the guanylate binding protein 5 gene (GBP5) is predicted to truncate the encoded protein. To investigate transcriptional differences between WUR genotypes in early host response to PRRSV infection, an RNA-seq experiment was performed on globin depleted whole blood RNA collected on 0, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days post-infection (dpi) from eight littermate pairs with one AB (favorable) and one AA (unfavorable) WUR genotype animal per litter. Results Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of transcripts that were differentially expressed (DE) between dpi across both genotypes revealed an inflammatory response for all dpi when compared to day 0. However, at the early time points of 4 and 7dpi, several GO terms had higher enrichment scores compared to later dpi, including inflammatory response (p < 10-7), specifically regulation of NFkappaB (p < 0.01), cytokine, and chemokine activity (p < 0.01). At 10 and 14dpi, GO term enrichment indicated a switch to DNA damage response, cell cycle checkpoints, and DNA replication. Few transcripts were DE between WUR genotypes on individual dpi or averaged over all dpi, and little enrichment of any GO term was found. However, there were differences in expression patterns over time between AA and AB animals, which was confirmed by genotype-specific expression patterns of several modules that were identified in weighted gene co-expression network analyses (WGCNA). Minor differences between AA and AB animals were observed in immune response and DNA damage response (p = 0.64 and p = 0.11, respectively), but a significant effect between genotypes pointed to a difference in ion transport/homeostasis and the participation of G-coupled protein receptors (p = 8e-4), which was reinforced by results from regulatory and phenotypic impact factor analyses between genotypes. Conclusion We propose these pathway differences between WUR genotypes are the result of the inability of the truncated GBP5 of the AA genotyped pigs to inhibit viral entry and replication as quickly as the intact GBP5 protein of the AB genotyped pigs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2547-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Schroyen
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Christopher Eisley
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, 1121 Snedecor Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - James E Koltes
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, AFLS B106D, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - Eric Fritz-Waters
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Igseo Choi
- USDA-ARS, BARC, APDL, Bldg.1040, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Graham S Plastow
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Leluo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Paul Stothard
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Hua Bao
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Arun Kommadath
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - James M Reecy
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Joan K Lunney
- USDA-ARS, BARC, APDL, Bldg.1040, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Robert R R Rowland
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, K-231 Mosier Hall, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Jack C M Dekkers
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Christopher K Tuggle
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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Pilcher CM, Jones CK, Schroyen M, Severin AJ, Patience JF, Tuggle CK, Koltes JE. Transcript profiles in longissimus dorsi muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue: a comparison of pigs with different postweaning growth rates. J Anim Sci 2016; 93:2134-43. [PMID: 26020309 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although most pigs recover rapidly from stresses associated with the transition of weaning, a portion of the population lags behind their contemporaries in growth performance. The underlying biological and molecular mechanisms involved in postweaning differences in growth performance are poorly understood. The objective of this experiment was to use transcriptional profiling of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue to develop a better understanding of the metabolic basis for poor weaned-pig transition. A total of 1,054 pigs was reared in commercial conditions and weighed at birth, weaning, and 3 wk postweaning. Transition ADG (tADG) was calculated as the ADG for the 3-wk period postweaning. Nine pigs from both the lowest 10th percentile (low tADG) and the 60th to 70th percentile (high tADG) were harvested at 3 wk postweaning. Differential expression analysis was conducted in longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue using RNA-Seq methodology. In LM, 768 transcripts were differentially expressed (DE), 327 with higher expression in low tADG and 441 with higher expression in high tADG pigs (q < 0.10). Expression patterns measured in LM by RNA-Seq were verified in 30 of 32 transcripts using quantitative PCR. No DE transcripts were identified in adipose tissue. To identify biological functions potentially underlying the effects of tADG on skeletal muscle metabolism and physiology, functional annotation analysis of the DE transcripts was conducted using DAVID and Pathway Studio analytic tools. The group of DE genes with lower expression in LM of low tADG pigs was enriched in genes with functions related to muscle contraction, glucose metabolism, cytoskeleton organization, muscle development, and response to hormone stimulus (enrichment score > 1.3). The list of DE genes with higher expression in low tADG LM was enriched in genes with functions related to protein catabolism (enrichment score > 1.3). Analysis of known gene-gene interactions identified possible regulators of these differences in gene expression in LM of high and low tADG pigs; these include forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), growth hormone (GH1), and the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1). Differences in gene expression between poor transitioning pigs and their contemporaries indicate a shift to decreased protein synthesis, increased protein degradation, and reduced glucose metabolism in the LM of low tADG pigs.
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Schroyen M, Steibel JP, Koltes JE, Choi I, Raney NE, Eisley C, Fritz-Waters E, Reecy JM, Dekkers JCM, Rowland RRR, Lunney JK, Ernst CW, Tuggle CK. Whole blood microarray analysis of pigs showing extreme phenotypes after a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:516. [PMID: 26159815 PMCID: PMC4496889 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of variability in the response of pigs to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSv) infection, and recent demonstration of significant genetic control of such responses, leads us to believe that selection towards more disease resistant pigs could be a valid strategy to reduce its economic impact on the swine industry. To find underlying molecular differences in PRRS susceptible versus more resistant pigs, 100 animals with extremely different growth rates and viremia levels after PRRSv infection were selected from a total of 600 infected pigs. A microarray experiment was conducted on whole blood RNA samples taken at 0, 4 and 7 days post infection (dpi) from these pigs. From these data, we examined associations of gene expression with weight gain and viral load phenotypes. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker WUR10000125 (WUR) on the porcine 60 K SNP chip was shown to be associated with viral load and weight gain after PRRSv infection, and so the effect of the WUR10000125 (WUR) genotype on expression in whole blood was also examined. Results Limited information was obtained through linear modeling of blood gene differential expression (DE) that contrasted pigs with extreme phenotypes, for growth or viral load or between animals with different WUR genotype. However, using network-based approaches, molecular pathway differences between extreme phenotypic classes could be identified. Several gene clusters of interest were found when Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was applied to 4dpi contrasted with 0dpi data. The expression pattern of one such cluster of genes correlated with weight gain and WUR genotype, contained numerous immune response genes such as cytokines, chemokines, interferon type I stimulated genes, apoptotic genes and genes regulating complement activation. In addition, Partial Correlation and Information Theory (PCIT) identified differentially hubbed (DH) genes between the phenotypically divergent groups. GO enrichment revealed that the target genes of these DH genes are enriched in adaptive immune pathways. Conclusion There are molecular differences in blood RNA patterns between pigs with extreme phenotypes or with a different WUR genotype in early responses to PRRSv infection, though they can be quite subtle and more difficult to discover with conventional DE expression analyses. Co-expression analyses such as WGCNA and PCIT can be used to reveal network differences between such extreme response groups. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1741-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Schroyen
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Juan P Steibel
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. .,Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - James E Koltes
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Igseo Choi
- APDL, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA.
| | - Nancy E Raney
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | | | | | - James M Reecy
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Jack C M Dekkers
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Robert R R Rowland
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
| | | | - Catherine W Ernst
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Koltes JE, Fritz-Waters E, Eisley CJ, Choi I, Bao H, Kommadath A, Serão NVL, Boddicker NJ, Abrams SM, Schroyen M, Loyd H, Tuggle CK, Plastow GS, Guan L, Stothard P, Lunney JK, Liu P, Carpenter S, Rowland RRR, Dekkers JCM, Reecy JM. Identification of a putative quantitative trait nucleotide in guanylate binding protein 5 for host response to PRRS virus infection. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:412. [PMID: 26016888 PMCID: PMC4446061 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previously, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for host response to Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in high linkage disequilibrium (LD) with SNP rs80800372 on Sus scrofa chromosome 4 (SSC4). Results Within this QTL, guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5) was differentially expressed (DE) (p < 0.05) in blood from AA versus AB rs80800372 genotyped pigs at 7,11, and 14 days post PRRSV infection. All variants within the GBP5 transcript in LD with rs80800372 exhibited allele specific expression (ASE) in AB individuals (p < 0.0001). A transcript re-assembly revealed three alternatively spliced transcripts for GBP5. An intronic SNP in GBP5, rs340943904, introduces a splice acceptor site that inserts five nucleotides into the transcript. Individuals homozygous for the unfavorable AA genotype predominantly produced this transcript, with a shifted reading frame and early stop codon that truncates the 88 C-terminal amino acids of the protein. RNA-seq analysis confirmed this SNP was associated with differential splicing by QTL genotype (p < 0.0001) and this was validated by quantitative capillary electrophoresis (p < 0.0001). The wild-type transcript was expressed at a higher level in AB versus AA individuals, whereas the five-nucleotide insertion transcript was the dominant form in AA individuals. Splicing and ASE results are consistent with the observed dominant nature of the favorable QTL allele. The rs340943904 SNP was also 100 % concordant with rs80800372 in a validation population that possessed an alternate form of the favorable B QTL haplotype. Conclusions GBP5 is known to play a role in inflammasome assembly during immune response. However, the role of GBP5 host genetic variation in viral immunity is novel. These findings demonstrate that rs340943904 is a strong candidate causal mutation for the SSC4 QTL that controls variation in host response to PRRSV. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1635-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Koltes
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Eric Fritz-Waters
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Chris J Eisley
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA. .,Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, 1121 Snedecor Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Igseo Choi
- USDA-ARS, BARC, APDL, Building1040, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Hua Bao
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Arun Kommadath
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Nick V L Serão
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | | | - Sam M Abrams
- USDA-ARS, BARC, APDL, Building1040, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Hyelee Loyd
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Chris K Tuggle
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Graham S Plastow
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Leluo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Paul Stothard
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Joan K Lunney
- USDA-ARS, BARC, APDL, Building1040, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, 1121 Snedecor Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Susan Carpenter
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Robert R R Rowland
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, K-231 Mosier Hall, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Jack C M Dekkers
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - James M Reecy
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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Abstract
Swine performance in the face of disease challenge is becoming progressively more important. To improve the pig’s robustness and resilience against pathogens through selection, a better understanding of the genetic and epigenetic factors in the immune response is required. This review highlights results from the most recent transcriptome research, and the meta-analyses performed, in the context of pig immunity. A technological overview is given including wholegenome microarrays, immune-specific arrays, small-scale high-throughput expression methods, high-density tiling arrays, and next generation sequencing (NGS). Although whole genome microarray techniques will remain complementary to NGS for some time in domestic species, research will transition to sequencing-based methods due to cost-effectiveness and the extra information that such methods provide. Furthermore, upcoming high-throughput epigenomic studies, which will add greatly to our knowledge concerning the impact of epigenetic modifications on pig immune response, are listed in this review. With emphasis on the insights obtained from transcriptomic analyses for porcine immunity, we also discuss the experimental design in pig immunity research and the value of the newly published porcine genome assembly in using the pig as a model for human immune response. We conclude by discussing the importance of establishing community standards to maximize the possibility of integrative computational analyses, such as was clearly beneficial for the human ENCODE project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Schroyen
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA,
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