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Lemal P, May K, König S, Schroyen M, Gengler N. Invited review: From heat stress to disease-Immune response and candidate genes involved in cattle thermotolerance. J Dairy Sci 2023:S0022-0302(23)00214-X. [PMID: 37164864 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress implies unfavorable effects on primary and functional traits in dairy cattle and, in consequence, on the profitability of the whole production system. The increasing number of days with extreme hot temperatures suggests that it is imperative to detect the heat stress status of animals based on adequate measures. However, confirming the heat stress status of an individual is still challenging, and, in consequence, the identification of novel heat stress biomarkers, including molecular biomarkers, remains a very relevant issue. Currently, it is known that heat stress seems to have unfavorable effects on immune system mechanisms, but this information is of limited use in the context of heat stress phenotyping. In addition, there is a lack of knowledge addressing the molecular mechanisms linking the relevant genes to the observed phenotype. In this review, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms explaining how heat stress affects the immune system and, therefore, increases the occurrence of immune-related diseases in cattle. In this regard, 2 relatively opposite hypotheses are under focus: the immunosuppressive action of cortisol, and the proinflammatory effect of heat stress. In both hypotheses, the modulation of the immune response during heat stress is highlighted. Moreover, it is possible to link candidate genes to these potential mechanisms. In this context, immune markers are very valuable indicators for the detection of heat stress in dairy cattle, broadening the portfolio of potential biomarkers for heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lemal
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - K May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - M Schroyen
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - N Gengler
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
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Sim BZ, Aaron L, Coulter C, Parkes-Smith J, Badrick T, May K, Armstrong M, Hendry S, Sundac L, Dang L, Ho J, Hanson J, Smith S, Choong K, Henderson AH, Bursle E. A multi-centre retrospective study of Nocardia speciation and antimicrobial susceptibility in Queensland, Australia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:339-345. [PMID: 36720769 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-022-04542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to characterise the species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results of Nocardial isolates from adult patients across major public hospitals in Queensland, Australia, over a 15-year period. A multi-centre retrospective observational study of Nocardia sp. isolates was conducted from 7 major public hospitals in Queensland, Australia, over a 15-year period. Clinical samples from patients aged ≥ 18 years that isolated Nocardia sp. were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected, along with species identification and AST results. Overall, 484 Nocardia sp. were isolated. Most patients were male (297, 61%) with a mean (IQR) age of 60 (51-75) and a median (IQR) Charlson Comorbidity Index of 4 (2-6). Of these, 239 (49%) patients were immunosuppressed. Organisms were most frequently isolated from sputum (174, 36%), and superficial swabs (102, 21%). Patients presented with pulmonary infections (165, 35%) and superficial skin and soft tissue infections (87, 18%) most commonly. One hundred (21%) isolates were deemed pulmonary colonisation and were not treated. Of the speciated organisms, N. nova complex was the most common (93, 19%), followed by N. farcinica complex (79, 16%). Organisms were reliably susceptible to linezolid (240/245, 98%), amikacin (455/470, 97%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (459/476, 96%), but less so to imipenem (243/472, 51%) and ceftriaxone (261/448, 58%). This is the largest Australian description of Nocardia sp. to date. Given antimicrobials are often commenced prior to AST results and sometimes even speciation, characterisation of local species and antibiogram data is important to guide empiric choices and local guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Z Sim
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia. .,Cairns Hospital, 165 The Esplanade, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia. .,University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - L Aaron
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - C Coulter
- Queensland Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory, Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - J Parkes-Smith
- The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, QLD, 4032, Australia
| | - T Badrick
- Gold Coast University Hospital, 1 Hospital Boulevard, Southport, QLD, 4215, Australia
| | - K May
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - M Armstrong
- Townsville University Hospital, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Douglas, QLD, 4814, Australia
| | - S Hendry
- Townsville University Hospital, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Douglas, QLD, 4814, Australia
| | - L Sundac
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield Street, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - L Dang
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield Street, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - J Ho
- Cairns Hospital, 165 The Esplanade, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
| | - J Hanson
- Cairns Hospital, 165 The Esplanade, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia.,Kirby Institute, High Street, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - S Smith
- Cairns Hospital, 165 The Esplanade, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
| | - K Choong
- Sunshine Coast University Hospital, 6 Doherty Street, Birtinya, QLD, 4575, Australia
| | - A H Henderson
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - E Bursle
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.,University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Osborne D, Richardson-May J, Bush K, Evans M, West SK, May K, Self J. Four cases of acute comitant esotropia associated with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma in children. Strabismus 2022; 31:26-30. [PMID: 36529745 DOI: 10.1080/09273972.2022.2143823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) is usually a benign form of strabismus that infrequently is associated with intracranial pathology. Clinicians have noted an increase in its incidence and theorize that it may be related to public health "lockdown" measures taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. With an increased incidence of AACE clinicians must firstly differentiate AACE from common accommodative esotropia and secondly recognize AACE as a possible sign of serious neuropathology.Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG) is a devastating diagnosis for affected families. Children typically present at age 6-7 years with cranial nerve palsies, long tract signs, and/or cerebellar signs. Diagnosis is made from characteristic findings on magnetic resonance brain imaging (MRI brain) and treatment includes radiotherapy and palliative care. Two years from diagnosis, 90% of affected children will have died from their disease. CASE SERIES We present four cases that attended our pediatric ophthalmology clinic with AACE either as a presenting sign of DIPG or as a clinical finding following a DIPG diagnosis. Patient A (age 5 years) presented to the emergency eye clinic with sudden onset diplopia and intermittent esotropia. Suppression later developed, they had 0.00 logMAR visual acuity either eye, and bilateral physiological hypermetropia. MRI brain imaging requested as a result of the unusual presentation led to the DIPG diagnosis. The other 3 cases (ages 11, 5 & 5 years) were assessed post DIPG diagnosis and found to have an esotropia measuring bigger on 1/3-meter fixation than 6-meter fixation, full ocular motility, physiological hypermetropia or emmetropia, and visual acuity normal for age. Other than patient B (age 11 years), who had papilledema and gaze evoked nystagmus when they were assessed 2 weeks prior to death, no patient had any other clinical eye findings. CONCLUSIONS This small series of 4 patients attending our clinic within a 12-month period supports the notion that children presenting with AACE should routinely be offered brain MRI. Not all children with DIPG-associated AACE have significant ophthalmic findings indicative of intracranial pathology. With the potential for increased incidence of AACE related to lockdowns, clinicians should be reminded of the infrequent possibility their patient has a more serious condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Osborne
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Southampton and University of Southampton, Hampshire
| | - J Richardson-May
- Ophthalmic Specialty Training Registrar year 4, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Southampton, Hampshire
| | - K Bush
- Hampshire Hospitals Foundation Trust, Hampshire
| | - M Evans
- Orthoptist, University Hospital Southampton, Hampshire
| | - SK West
- Consultant ophthalmologist, University Hospital Southampton, Hampshire
| | - K May
- Consultant Ophthalmologist, University Hospital Southampton and University of Southampton, Hampshire
| | - J Self
- Consultant Ophthalmologist, University Hospital Southampton and University of Southampton, Hampshire
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Vogel-Claussen J, Lasch F, Bollmann AB, May K, Kuhlmann A, Schmid-Bindert G, Kaaks R, Barkhausen J, Bohnet S, Reck M. HANSE – Ganzheitliche Implementierungsstudie eines norddeutschen interdisziplinären Lungenkrebs Früherkennungs-Programms. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1749896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Vogel-Claussen
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Institut für Radiologie, Hannover
| | - F Lasch
- European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam
| | - A B Bollmann
- Klinik für Pneumologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover
| | - K May
- Klinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck
| | - A Kuhlmann
- Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH), Hannover
| | | | - R Kaaks
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - J Barkhausen
- Klinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck
| | - S Bohnet
- Medizinische Klinik III, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck
| | - M Reck
- LungenClinic Grosshansdorf GmbH, Großhansdorf
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Tatovic D, McAteer MA, Barry J, Barrientos A, Rodríguez Terradillos K, Perera I, Kochba E, Levin Y, Dul M, Coulman SA, Birchall JC, von Ruhland C, Howell A, Stenson R, Alhadj Ali M, Luzio SD, Dunseath G, Cheung WY, Holland G, May K, Ingram JR, Chowdhury MMU, Wong FS, Casas R, Dayan C, Ludvigsson J. Safety of the use of Gold Nanoparticles conjugated with proinsulin peptide and administered by hollow microneedles as an immunotherapy in Type 1 diabetes. Immunotherapy Advances 2022; 2:ltac002. [PMID: 35919496 PMCID: PMC9327128 DOI: 10.1093/immadv/ltac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen-specific immunotherapy is an immunomodulatory strategy for autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, in which patients are treated with autoantigens to promote immune tolerance, stop autoimmune β-cell destruction and prevent permanent dependence on exogenous insulin. In this study, human proinsulin peptide C19-A3 (known for its positive safety profile) was conjugated to ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (GNPs), an attractive drug delivery platform due to the potential anti-inflammatory properties of gold. We hypothesised that microneedle intradermal delivery of C19-A3 GNP may improve peptide pharmacokinetics and induce tolerogenic immunomodulation and proceeded to evaluate its safety and feasibility in a first-in-human trial. Allowing for the limitation of the small number of participants, intradermal administration of C19-A3 GNP appears safe and well tolerated in participants with type 1 diabetes. The associated prolonged skin retention of C19-A3 GNP after intradermal administration offers a number of possibilities to enhance its tolerogenic potential, which should be explored in future studies
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tatovic
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - J Barry
- Midatech Pharma PLC, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | - I Perera
- Midatech Pharma PLC, Cardiff, UK
| | - E Kochba
- NanoPass Technologies Ltd., Nes Ziona, Israel
| | - Y Levin
- NanoPass Technologies Ltd., Nes Ziona, Israel
| | - M Dul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - S A Coulman
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - J C Birchall
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - C von Ruhland
- Central Biotechnology Services, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - A Howell
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Stenson
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Alhadj Ali
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - S D Luzio
- Swansea Trials Unit, Swansea University Medical School, UK
| | - G Dunseath
- Swansea Trials Unit, Swansea University Medical School, UK
| | - W Y Cheung
- Diabetes Research Unit Cymru, Institute for Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - G Holland
- Swansea Trials Unit, Swansea University Medical School, UK
| | - K May
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - J R Ingram
- Division of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - M M U Chowdhury
- Welsh Institute of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - F S Wong
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Casas
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - C Dayan
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - J Ludvigsson
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Crown Princess Victoria Children´s Hospital, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Shabalina T, Yin T, May K, König S. Proofs for genotype by environment interactions considering pedigree and genomic data from organic and conventional cow reference populations. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:4452-4466. [PMID: 33589254 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to prove genotype by environment interactions (G × E) for production, longevity, and health traits considering conventional and organic German Holstein dairy cattle subpopulations. The full data set included 141,778 Holstein cows from 57 conventional herds and 7,915 cows from 9 organic herds. The analyzed traits were first-lactation milk yield and fat percentage (FP), the length of productive life (LPL) and the health traits mastitis, ovarian cycle disorders, and digital dermatitis in first lactation. A subset of phenotyped cows was genotyped and used for the implementation of separate cow reference populations. After SNP quality controls, the cow reference sets considered 40,830 SNP from 19,700 conventional cows and the same 40,830 SNP from 1,282 organic cows. The proof of possible G × E was made via multiple-trait model applications, considering same traits from the conventional and organic population as different traits. In this regard, pedigree (A), genomic (G) and combined relationship (H) matrices were constructed. For the production traits, heritabilities were very similar in both organic and conventional populations (i.e., close to 0.70 for FP and close to 0.40 for milk yield). For low heritability health traits and LPL, stronger heritability fluctuations were observed, especially for digital dermatitis with 0.05 ± 0.01 (organic, A matrix) to 0.33 ± 0.04 (conventional, G matrix). Quite large genetic correlations between same traits from the 2 environments were estimated for production traits, especially for high heritability FP. For LPL, the genetic correlation was 0.67 (A matrix) and 0.66 (H matrix). The genetic correlation between LPL organic with LPL conventional was 0.94 when considering the G matrix, but only 213 genotyped cows were included. For health traits, genetic correlations were throughout lower than 0.80, indicating possible G × E. Genetic correlations from the different matrices A, G, and H for health and production traits followed the same pattern, but the estimates from G for health traits were associated with quite large standard errors. In genome-wide association studies, significantly associated SNP for production traits overlapped in the conventional and organic population. In contrast, for low heritability LPL and health traits, significantly associated SNP and annotated potential candidate genes differed in both populations. In this regard, significantly associated SNP for mastitis from conventional cows were located on Bos taurus autosomes 6 and 19, but on Bos taurus autosomes 1, 10, and 22 in the organic population. For the remaining health traits and LPL, different potential candidate genes were annotated, but the different genes reflect similar physiological pathways. We found evidence of G × E for low heritability functional traits, suggesting different breeding approaches in organic and conventional populations. Nevertheless, for a verification of results and implementation of alternative breeding strategies, it is imperative to increase the organic cow reference population.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shabalina
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany; Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute of Animal Breeding, Prof.-Dürwaechter-Platz 1, 85586 Poing, Germany
| | - T Yin
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - K May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany.
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Klein SL, Scheper C, May K, König S. Genetic and nongenetic profiling of milk β-hydroxybutyrate and acetone and their associations with ketosis in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:10332-10346. [PMID: 32952022 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ketosis is a metabolic disorder of increasing importance in high-yielding dairy cows, but accurate population-wide binary health trait recording is difficult to implement. Against this background, proper Gaussian indicator traits, which can be routinely measured in milk, are needed. Consequently, we focused on the ketone bodies acetone and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), measured via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in milk. In the present study, 62,568 Holstein cows from large-scale German co-operator herds were phenotyped for clinical ketosis (KET) according to a veterinarian diagnosis key. A sub-sample of 16,861 cows additionally had first test-day observations for FTIR acetone and BHB. Associations between FTIR acetone and BHB with KET and with test-day traits were studied phenotypically and quantitative genetically. Furthermore, we estimated SNP marker effects for acetone and BHB (application of genome-wide association studies) based on 40,828 SNP markers from 4,384 genotyped cows, and studied potential candidate genes influencing body fat mobilization. Generalized linear mixed models were applied to infer the influence of binary KET on Gaussian-distributed acetone and BHB (definition of an identity link function), and vice versa, such as the influence of acetone and BHB on KET (definition of a logit link function). Additionally, linear models were applied to study associations between BHB, acetone and test-day traits (milk yield, fat percentage, protein percentage, fat-to-protein ratio and somatic cell score) from the first test-day after calving. An increasing KET incidence was statistically significant associated with increasing FTIR acetone and BHB milk concentrations. Acetone and BHB concentrations were positively associated with fat percentage, fat-to-protein ratio and somatic cell score. Bivariate linear animal models were applied to estimate genetic (co)variance components for KET, acetone, BHB and test-day traits within parities 1 to 3, and considering all parities simultaneously in repeatability models. Pedigree-based heritabilities were quite small (i.e., in the range from 0.01 in parity 3 to 0.07 in parity 1 for acetone, and from 0.03-0.04 for BHB). Heritabilites from repeatability models were 0.05 for acetone, and 0.03 for BHB. Genetic correlations between acetone and BHB were moderate to large within parities and considering all parities simultaneously (0.69-0.98). Genetic correlations between acetone and BHB with KET from different parities ranged from 0.71 to 0.99. Genetic correlations between acetone across parities, and between BHB across parities, ranged from 0.55 to 0.66. Genetic correlations between KET, acetone, and BHB with fat-to-protein ratio and with fat percentage were large and positive, but negative with milk yield. In genome-wide association studies, we identified SNP on BTA 4, 10, 11, and 29 significantly influencing acetone, and on BTA 1 and 16 significantly influencing BHB. The identified potential candidate genes NRXN3, ACOXL, BCL2L11, HIBADH, KCNJ1, and PRG4 are involved in lipid and glucose metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-L Klein
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - C Scheper
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - K May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany.
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May K, Jilcott Pitts S, Stage VC, Kelley CJ, Burkholder S, Fang X, Zeng A, Lazorick S. Use of the Veggie Meter® as a tool to objectively approximate fruit and vegetable intake among youth for evaluation of preschool and school-based interventions. J Hum Nutr Diet 2020; 33:869-875. [PMID: 32281191 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reflection spectroscopy is an emerging, non-invasive objective measure used to approximate fruit and vegetable intake. The present study aimed to use a reflection spectroscopy device (the Veggie Meter®, Longevity Link Corporation, Salt Lake City, UT, USA) to assess skin carotenoid status in preschool, middle- and high-school students and to examine associations between skin carotenoids and self-reported dietary intake. METHODS In Autumn 2018, we used the Veggie Meter® to assess skin carotenoids and age-appropriate validated dietary assessment measures to approximate fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. Preschool participants completed a previously validated pictorial liking tool using an iPad (Apple Inc., Cupertino, CA, USA). Middle-school participants completed selected questions from the validated School Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) (Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA) questionnaire regarding frequency of their FV and beverage intake on the previous day, with additional questions about physical activity. High-school participants' FV intake was assessed using the Fruit and Vegetable Screener (National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA). Spearman correlation coefficients were used to determine bivariate associations between measures of dietary intake and Veggie Meter®-assessed skin carotenoid levels. RESULTS Mean (SD) Veggie Meter® readings were 266 (82.9), 219 (68.1) and 216 (67.2) among preschool, middle- and high-school students. There was an inverse association between soda intake and Veggie Meter® readings (r = -0.22, P = 0.03) among middle-school students; and a positive association between daily fruit intake and Veggie Meter® readings (r = 0.25, P = 0.06) among high-school students. CONCLUSIONS The Veggie Meter® comprises a promising evaluation tool for preschool and school-based nutrition interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K May
- Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - S Jilcott Pitts
- Department of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - V C Stage
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Allied Health Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - C J Kelley
- Department of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - S Burkholder
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Allied Health Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - X Fang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Allied Health Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - A Zeng
- ECU Honors Medical Research Program, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - S Lazorick
- Departments of Pediatrics and Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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Naderi S, Moradi MH, Farhadian M, Yin T, Jaeger M, Scheper C, Korkuc P, Brockmann GA, König S, May K. Assessing selection signatures within and between selected lines of dual-purpose black and white and German Holstein cattle. Anim Genet 2020; 51:391-408. [PMID: 32100321 DOI: 10.1111/age.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to detect selection signatures considering cows from the German Holstein (GH) and the local dual-purpose black and white (DSN) population, as well as from generated sub-populations. The 4654 GH and 261 DSN cows were genotyped with the BovineSNP50 Genotyping BeadChip. The geographical herd location was used as an environmental descriptor to create the East-DSN and West-DSN sub-populations. In addition, two further sub-populations of GH cows were generated, using the extreme values for solutions of residual effects of cows for the claw disorder dermatitis digitalis. These groups represented the most susceptible and most resistant cows. We used cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity methodology (XP-EHH) to identify the most recent selection signatures. Furthermore, we calculated Wright's fixation index (FST ). Chromosomal segments for the top 0.1 percentile of negative or positive XP-EHH scores were studied in detail. For gene annotations, we used the Ensembl database and we considered a window of 250 kbp downstream and upstream of each core SNP corresponding to peaks of XP-EHH. In addition, functional interactions among potential candidate genes were inferred via gene network analyses. The most outstanding XP-EHH score was on chromosome 12 (at 77.34 Mb) for DSN and on chromosome 20 (at 36.29-38.42 Mb) for GH. Selection signature locations harbored QTL for several economically important milk and meat quality traits, reflecting the different breeding goals for GH and DSN. The average FST value between GH and DSN was quite low (0.068), indicating shared founders. For group stratifications according to cow health, several identified potential candidate genes influence disease resistance, especially to dermatitis digitalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Naderi
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
| | - M H Moradi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Arak University, Shahid Beheshti Street, Arak, Iran
| | - M Farhadian
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Boulevard, Tabriz, Iran
| | - T Yin
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
| | - M Jaeger
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
| | - C Scheper
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
| | - P Korkuc
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, Berlin, D-10115, Germany
| | - G A Brockmann
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, Berlin, D-10115, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
| | - K May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
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10
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May K. Driving Advice with Prescription of Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs. Ir Med J 2019; 112:1028. [PMID: 32311246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K May
- Southwest Specialist Training Programme in General Practice, Ireland
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11
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Danchuk SN, McIntosh F, Jamieson FB, May K, Behr MA. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin strains with defined resistance mutations: a new tool for tuberculosis laboratory quality control. Clin Microbiol Infect 2019; 26:384.e5-384.e8. [PMID: 31705996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Laboratory quality control (QC) is essential to assess the reliability of tuberculosis diagnostic testing. To provide safe QC reagents for the detection of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we generated antibiotic-resistant mycobacterial strains of attenuated virulence (M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)). METHODS Seven mono-resistant BCG strains were developed by introducing resistance-conferring mutations into wild-type BCG strains. Mutations were confirmed by dideoxynucleotide sequencing. Phenotypic resistance was quantified by microbroth dilution to determine the MIC90. The capacity of two commercial tests (GeneXpert TB/RIF and Genotype MTBDRplus) to detect resistance-conferring mutations was evaluated independently. RESULTS Our panel included BCG strains with mutations in rpoB (S450L, I491F), katG (deletion at AA428), gyrA (D94G), rpsL (K43R) and Rv0678c (S63R). These mutations translated respectively into phenotypic resistance to rifampin (MIC ≥8 mg/L), isoniazid (MIC ≥8 mg/L), moxifloxacin (MIC 4 mg/L) and streptomycin (MIC ≥8 mg/L); the Rv0678c mutant showed decreased susceptibility to both clofazimine (MIC 4 mg/L) and bedaqualine (MIC 1 mg/L). GeneXpert (Cepheid) and Genotype MTBDRplus (Hain Lifesciences) both called the rpoB S450L strain rifampin-resistant and the I491F mutant rifampin-susceptible, as expected based on single nucleotide polymorphism positions. Likewise, MTBDRplus called the novel katG deletion mutant isoniazid susceptible despite phenotypic resistance. CONCLUSION BCG strains engineered to be mono-resistant to anti-tuberculosis drugs can be used as safe QC reagents for tuberculosis diagnostics and drug susceptibility testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Danchuk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - F McIntosh
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - F B Jamieson
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K May
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M A Behr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Ribeiro A, Husson O, Drey N, Murray I, May K, Thurston J, Oyen W. Ionising radiation exposure from medical imaging - A review of Patient's (un) awareness. Radiography (Lond) 2019; 26:e25-e30. [PMID: 32052780 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medical imaging is the main source of artificial radiation exposure. Evidence, however, suggests that patients are poorly informed about radiation exposure when attending diagnostic scans. This review provides an overview of published literature with a focus on nuclear medicine patients on the level of awareness of radiation exposure from diagnostic imaging. METHODS A review of available literature on awareness, knowledge and perception of ionising radiation in medical imaging was conducted. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were subjected to critical appraisal using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. RESULTS 140 articles identified and screened for eligibility, 24 critically assessed and 4 studies included in synthesis. All studies demonstrated that patients were generally lacking awareness about radiation exposure and highlighted a lack of communication between healthcare professionals and patients with respect to radiation exposure. CONCLUSION Studies demonstrate a need to better inform patients about their radiation exposure, and further studies focusing on nuclear medicine patients are particularly warranted. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Adequate and accurate information is crucial to ensure the principle of informed consent is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ribeiro
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom.
| | - O Husson
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - N Drey
- City University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - I Murray
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - K May
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - J Thurston
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - W Oyen
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom; Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Owen
- Department of Dermatology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Logan
- Department of Dermatology, Princess of Wales Hospital, Bridgend, UK
| | - K May
- Department of Histopathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Kalavala
- Department of Dermatology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
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Lee D, May K, Faramarzi B. Comparison of first and second acupuncture treatments in horses with chronic laminitis. Iran J Vet Res 2019; 20:9-12. [PMID: 31191693 PMCID: PMC6509908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laminitis is a common but critical disease that causes severe pain and disability in horses. The etiology and pathogenesis of laminitis remain inconclusive and a multimodal therapeutic approach is generally indicated. Acupuncture has been used as a treatment option; however, the required number of treatments is still controversial due to the lack of objective scientific evidence. AIMS The objective of this study was to determine if the response to a second acupuncture treatment differed from the response to the first acupuncture treatment in horses with chronic laminitis. METHODS Fourteen horses with chronic laminitis were identified. Acupuncture points were determined based on the results of a diagnostic acupuncture palpation examination. The second acupuncture treatment and lameness examination were conducted one week after the first treatment. Ten minutes after each acupuncture treatment, a lameness examination was performed and included an objective examination using a body-mounted inertial sensor system called "Lameness Locator" and a routine lameness examination following the "American Association of Equine Practitioners" (AAEP) lameness scale. The level of lameness was statistically analyzed using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test with p-values <0.05 considered significant. RESULTS Both objective (P=0.042) and routine lameness examinations (P=0.027) showed that the level of lameness significantly decreased after the second acupuncture treatment compared to the response to the first treatment. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that continued acupuncture treatments will result in increasing levels of pain relief, showing the advantage of performing more than one acupuncture treatment in horses with chronic laminitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - K. May
- El Cajon Valley Veterinary Hospital, El Cajon, CA, USA
| | - B. Faramarzi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
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Rosales-Nieto C, Ehrhardt R, Makela B, May K, Veiga-Lopez A. 130 Pregnancy-associated glycoprotein profile is altered in twin but not singleton pregnancies after pre-conception diet manipulation. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - R Ehrhardt
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - B Makela
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - K May
- NorthStar Cooperative,Lansing, MI, United States
| | - A Veiga-Lopez
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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May K, Roux J, Phelan M, Soler Lopez R, O’Sullivan J. Audit of Paediatric Head Injury in University Hospital Kerry. Ir Med J 2018; 111:828. [PMID: 30556676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K May
- University Hospital Kerry, Ireland
| | - J Roux
- University Hospital Kerry, Ireland
| | - M Phelan
- University Hospital Kerry, Ireland
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Amirkhosravi A, Alexander M, May K, Francis DA, Warnes G, Biggerstaff J, Francis JL. The Importance of Platelets in the Expression of Monocyte Tissue Factor Antigen Measured by a New Whole Blood Flow Cytometric Assay. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1650226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryPrevious methods for the determination of monocyte tissue factor (TF) have been technically complex, difficult to standardize, prone to spuriously elevated results and difficult to implement in a clinical laboratory environment. We report the development of a two-color whole blood cytometric technique that overcomes many of these disadvantages. The assay uses small volumes of citrated blood (1.0 ml), can be performed in under one hour (if endotoxin stimulation is not performed), is reproducible (CV = 5%) and uses methodology commonly available in clinical laboratories. Baseline (mean ± SD) expression of monocyte TF in normal subjects was very low (1.1 ± 0.95%, Mean Fluorescence [Mean FL] 0.20 ± 0.01) making relatively small increases easy to detect. Monocyte TF expression following endotoxin (LPS) stimulation for 1 h was 34.6 ± 11.2% (Mean FL 0.32 ± 0.04). LPS-stimulated activity varied between subjects (21-68%) but was remarkably consistent for individual subjects (CV = 5.4%). Stimulated monocyte TF expression was directly proportional to the platelet count and was reduced by platelet protective anticoagulants and by ingestion of aspirin. Non LPS-stimulated monocyte TF was markedly increased, in a dose-dependent manner, by adding collagen to whole blood. This was apparently associated with platelet-monocyte binding and could be abolished by anti-P-Selectin. We conclude that the whole blood flow cytometric assay of monocyte TF may be a valuable tool for clinical use and a useful model system for evaluating the humoral and cellular factors governing monocyte TF expression in a natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Amirkhosravi
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - M Alexander
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - K May
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - D A Francis
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - G Warnes
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - J Biggerstaff
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - J L Francis
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
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Willis MD, May K, Hope-Gill B, Flood-Page P, Jeffrey D, Joseph F, Robertson NP. PO158 Sarcoidosis following alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-abn.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Kiss
- Centre for Medical Education; Cardiff University School of Medicine; Cardiff U.K
- Department of Dermatology; Cardiff and Vale University Health Board; Cardiff U.K
| | - K. May
- Department of Histopathology; Cardiff and Vale University Health Board; Cardiff U.K
| | - V. Piguet
- Department of Dermatology; Cardiff and Vale University Health Board; Cardiff U.K
- Institute of Infection and Immunity; Cardiff University School of Medicine; Cardiff U.K
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Lockwood A, Mitchell A, Lewis K, Papadopoulos M, Gray J, May K. Dexamethasone induced glaucoma as part of chemotherapy for lymphoblastic lymphoma and colorectal cancer. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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May K, Planterose DN, Browne MJ, Perkins RM. Development of a Novel Marker Gene Based Assay System for Detection and Evaluation of Antiviral Agents with Activity against Papillomaviruses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029100200605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel assay system has been developed in which expression of a human tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene, carried on a recombinant papillomavirus vector, is used as a marker for the presence of bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) within transformed mouse C127 cells. This provides a relatively quick and simple means of identifying and evaluating agents with anti-papillomavirus activity. Using this system the antiviral activity and cytotoxicity of interferon and retinoic acid, have been investigated. After seven subcultures in the presence of 200 Units ml−1 mouse α and β interferon, t-PA expression was completely inhibited, with a concurrent alteration in cellular morphology, and restoration of contact inhibition. In accordance with the problems encountered with interferon therapy of human papillomavirus infections, these effects were dependent on the continued presence of interferon, its removal leading to a rapid return of t-PA expression, and reversion of cells to the transformed phenotype. In comparison, 2.0 μg ml−1 retinoic acid partially reduced t-PA expression (this effect was largely maintained even after removal of the inhibiting compound) but did not affect the transformed cell phenotype. These results are discussed in relation to other in vitro studies and also to the clinical treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV) disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. May
- SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Division, Epsom, Surrey, KT18 5XQ, UK
| | - D. N. Planterose
- SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Division, Epsom, Surrey, KT18 5XQ, UK
| | - M. J. Browne
- SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Division, Epsom, Surrey, KT18 5XQ, UK
| | - R. M. Perkins
- SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Division, Epsom, Surrey, KT18 5XQ, UK
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May K, Jordan D, Fingerle V, Strube C. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and co-infections with Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Rickettsia spp. in Ixodes ricinus in Hamburg, Germany. Med Vet Entomol 2015; 29:425-429. [PMID: 26096626 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To obtain initial data on Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) in Ixodes ricinus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) ticks in Hamburg, Germany, 1400 questing ticks were collected by flagging at 10 different public recreation areas in 2011 and analysed using probe-based quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The overall rate of infection with B. burgdorferi s.l. was 34.1%; 30.0% of adults were infected (36.7% of females and 26.0% of males), as were 34.5% of nymphs. Significant differences in tick infection rates were observed between the spring and summer/autumn months, as well as among sampling locations. Borrelia genospecies identification by reverse line blotting was successful in 43.6% of positive tick samples. The most frequent genospecies was Borrelia garinii/Borrelia bavariensis, followed by Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia valaisiana, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia spielmanii, Borrelia bissettii and Borrelia lusitaniae. Based on previously published data, co-infection of Borrelia and Rickettsiales spp. was determined in 25.8% of ticks. Overall, 22.9% of ticks were co-infected with Rickettsia spp. (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), 1.7% with Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), and 1.2% with both pathogens. Study results show a high prevalence of Borrelia-positive ticks in recreation areas in the northern German city of Hamburg and the potential health risk to humans in these areas should not be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K May
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - D Jordan
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - V Fingerle
- German National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - C Strube
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- A.J. Lockwood
- Ophthalmology; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
- Ophthalmology; Queen Alexandra Hospital; Portsmouth United Kingdom
| | - A. Mitchell
- Oncology; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
| | - J. Gray
- Oncology; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
| | - K. May
- Ophthalmology; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
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Kelly J, McDonald V, Byrne L, May K. Experiences of Vascular Surgeons in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Arterial Disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hollar D, Collum M, May K. Commit to Health: A Nationwide Summer Camp Nutrition and Feeding Intervention Improves Nutrition Knowledge and Healthy Eating Behaviors of Children, Parents, and Staff. J Acad Nutr Diet 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.06.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sarkies M, Bowles KA, Skinner E, Mitchell D, Haas R, Ho M, Salter K, May K, Markham D, O’Brien L, Plumb S, Haines T. Data collection methods in health services research: hospital length of stay and discharge destination. Appl Clin Inform 2015; 6:96-109. [PMID: 25848416 PMCID: PMC4377563 DOI: 10.4338/aci-2014-10-ra-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital length of stay and discharge destination are important outcome measures in evaluating effectiveness and efficiency of health services. Although hospital administrative data are readily used as a data collection source in health services research, no research has assessed this data collection method against other commonly used methods. OBJECTIVE Determine if administrative data from electronic patient management programs are an effective data collection method for key hospital outcome measures when compared with alternative hospital data collection methods. METHOD Prospective observational study comparing the completeness of data capture and level of agreement between three data collection methods; manual data collection from ward-based sources, administrative data from an electronic patient management program (i.PM), and inpatient medical record review (gold standard) for hospital length of stay and discharge destination. RESULTS Manual data collection from ward-based sources captured only 376 (69%) of the 542 inpatient episodes captured from the hospital administrative electronic patient management program. Administrative data from the electronic patient management program had the highest levels of agreement with inpatient medical record review for both length of stay (93.4%) and discharge destination (91%) data. CONCLUSION This is the first paper to demonstrate differences between data collection methods for hospital length of stay and discharge destination. Administrative data from an electronic patient management program showed the highest level of completeness of capture and level of agreement with the gold standard of inpatient medical record review for both length of stay and discharge destination, and therefore may be an acceptable data collection method for these measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.N. Sarkies
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Health, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K.-A. Bowles
- Monash Health, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E.H. Skinner
- Monash University, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Western Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D. Mitchell
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R. Haas
- Monash Health, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M. Ho
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K. Salter
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K. May
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D. Markham
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - L. O’Brien
- Monash Health, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Occupational Therapy Department, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S. Plumb
- Melbourne Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T.P. Haines
- Monash Health, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Oechtering T, May K, Beldoch M, Schmidtke C, Hunold P, Sievers HH, Barkhausen J, Frydrychowicz A. 4D Fluss-MRT zur Analyse der aortalen Flusscharakteristika bei Patienten mit Sinusprothese. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abbott RA, Thomas C, May K, Kalavala M. Erythematous plaque on the abdomen of an infant. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 39:111-2. [PMID: 24164340 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R A Abbott
- The Welsh Institute of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
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Abstract
An interactive fortran program (incor) performs the Paul (1989) procedure for testing the null hypothesis that more than two independent population correlations are equivalent. The program also performs subsequent range tests for comparing all possible pairwise correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Silver
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154-5030, USA Department of Psychology, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424, USA
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May K, Fritz B, Duschka RL, Haegele J, Vogt F, Hunold P, Barkhausen J, Kovacs A. Vergleich der gefilterten Rückprojektion und einer Modell-basierten iterativen Rekonstruktion der 4. Generation von peripheren CT-Angiografien. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1346338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Keys B, Schulman M, May K, Joone C, Monyai M, Mpofu D, Marais H, Guthrie A. Comparison of two treatment methods for the elimination of Contagious Equine Metritis in stallions. J Equine Vet Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.08.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Smith E, May K, Madan V. An unusually coloured lesion on the thigh. Clin Exp Dermatol 2012; 38:212-4. [PMID: 22924667 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2012.04389.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Smith
- Departments of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
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Duschka RL, Bischoff P, May K, Levakhina Y, Buzug TM, Kovacs A, Hunold P, Barkhausen J, Vogt FM. Digitale Tomosynthese - Ein neues Verfahren zur Beurteilung degenerativer Gelenkveränderungen im Vergleich zum konventionellen Röntgen. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1311150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) is characterized by nonscarring, photodistributed, annular or papulosquamous plaques with antibodies to Ro/SS-A antigen. We report a case of SCLE associated with radioiodine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Abbott
- Departments of Dermatology Histopathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Oliphant
- Welsh Institute of Dermatology Department of Histopathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, UK
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Bischoff P, Frydrychowicz A, Simon M, May K, Duschka RL, Vogt FM, Hunold P, Barkhausen J, Kovács A. Effizienz eines modifizierten CTA-Protokolls zur TAVI-Planung im Vergleich zu der Standard-CTA. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1300884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Smith
- Departments of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
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May K, Zhaoping L. Contrast-response functions, Fisher information, and contrast decoding performance. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Rasmussen T, May K, Familari M, Guller S, Schneider H, Åkerström B, Hansson S. P11. Differentially expressed micro-RNAs in microparticles from haemoglobin perfused placentas. Pregnancy Hypertens 2011; 1:277-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2011.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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May K, Duschka RL, Bischoff P, Vogt F, Hunold P, Barkhausen J, Kovács A. BMI-adaptierte Becken-Bein CT-Angiographie bei 80/100kV - im Vergleich mit der Standard CTA bei 120kV. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1279136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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May K, Rosenlöf L, Olsson MG, Centlow M, Mörgelin M, Larsson I, Cederlund M, Rutardottir S, Siegmund W, Schneider H, Akerström B, Hansson SR. Perfusion of human placenta with hemoglobin introduces preeclampsia-like injuries that are prevented by α1-microglobulin. Placenta 2011; 32:323-32. [PMID: 21356557 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclamptic women have increased plasma levels of free fetal hemoglobin (HbF), increased gene expression of placental HbF and accumulation of free HbF in the placental vascular lumen. Free hemoglobin (Hb) is pro-inflammatory, and causes oxidative stress and tissue damage. METHODOLOGY To show the impact of free Hb in PE, we used the dual ex vivo placental perfusion model. Placentas were perfused with Hb and investigated for physical parameters, Hb leakage, gene expression and morphology. The protective effects of α(1)-microglobulin (A1M), a heme- and radical-scavenger and antioxidant, was investigated. RESULTS Hb-addition into the fetal circulation led to a significant increase of the perfusion pressure and the feto-maternal leakage of free Hb. Morphological damages similar to the PE placentas were observed. Gene array showed up-regulation of genes related to immune response, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Simultaneous addition of A1M to the maternal circulation inhibited the Hb leakage, morphological damage and gene up-regulation. Furthermore, perfusion with Hb and A1M induced a significant up-regulation of extracellular matrix genes. SIGNIFICANCE The ex vivo Hb-perfusion of human placenta resulted in physiological and morphological changes and a gene expression profile similar to what is observed in PE placentas. These results underline the potentially important role of free Hb in PE etiology. The damaging effects were counteracted by A1M, suggesting a role of this protein as a new potential PE therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- K May
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Chan WH, Lloyd IC, Ashworth JL, May K, Bhojwani RD, Bhojwani D, Biswas S. Measurement of intraocular pressure in children in the UK. Eye (Lond) 2010; 25:119-20. [PMID: 21102488 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2010.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Schiff E, May K, Goldstein LH. Neuropsychiatric manifestations associated with azithromycin in two brothers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010; 66:1273-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00228-010-0900-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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May K, Hess R. Implementing curve detectors for contour integration. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/9.8.906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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May K, Zhaoping L, Hibbard P. Effects of image statistics on stereo coding in human vision. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/10.7.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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May K, Hess R. Testing filter-overlap models of contour integration. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/8.6.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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May K, Hess R. Ladder contours are undetectable in the periphery. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.9.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Zaky S, Lund M, May K, Hair B, Godette K, Butler E, Holmes L, O'Regan R, Landry J. The Triple Threat of Recurrence after Breast Conserving Therapy: Race, Receptor Status and Age. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-6045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of race, receptor status, and age on recurrence in patients undergoing breast conserving therapy (BCT).MethodsThe study population consisted of 510 primary invasive female breast cancer patients (excluding Stage IV), who resided in Fulton-Dekalb counties, in Atlanta, GA. These patients were diagnosed in 2003-2004 and treated within the Emory University Affiliated Hospitals. Data was obtained from the SEER cancer registry and augmented with medical record abstraction. Median follow-up was 3.5 and 4.4 years for recurrence and survival, respectively. Breast tumors were categorized as either triple negative (TN), which were estrogen, progesterone, and Her2-neu receptor negative tumors, versus (vs) non-TN, all other possible iterations. Women were evaluated for recurrence and death by TN status, race (African American (AA) vs Caucasian (C)), age, grade, tumor size, nodal status, socioeconomic status (SES), and receipt of chemotherapy. Both recurrence and survival were evaluated using chi-square, fisher exact, and cox regression analyses, p ≤ 0.05 significance.ResultsOf the 510 women, 193 received BCT. Of the 193, 92% completed radiation therapy and 45% received chemotherapy. Of the 184 women with known recurrence status, 11 recurred locally, 11 distantly, and none regionally. Compared to patients with non-TN tumors, TN patients had significantly higher local (13% vs 5%) and distant (16% vs 4%) recurrence rates. AA women had non-significant higher local recurrence than C women (7% vs 4%) and a higher distant recurrence rate (8% vs 3%). Finally, compared to women ≥50 years old, women age <50 had a significantly higher local and distant recurrence rates, (13% vs 4%) and (9% vs 5%) respectively.Unadjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for any recurrence were calculated: TN status (HR=2.8, 95%CI 1.2-6.5), AA race (HR=2.3, 95% CI 0.9-5.8), age <50 years (HR= 2.3, 95%CI 1.0-5.1), grade 2/3 vs 1 (HR=2.3, 95%CI 1.0-5.1), and chemotherapy receipt (HR=3.0, 95%CI 1.2-7.4). Factors that were highly non-statistically significant included stage, tumor size, nodal status, and SES.In a multivariate model including receptor status, race, and age results were similar (HR = 2.5, 2.1, and 2.1 respectively). When tumor size, nodal status, grade, SES, and chemotherapy status were included in the previous model, only AA race independently predicted recurrence (HR=3.4, 95%CI 1.1-11.1), while TN status demonstrated a trend (HR=1.9, 95%CI 0.8-5.7).In survival analyses, neither TN status, AA race, nor age <50 years predicted outcome in any of the models described above. However, TN status did show a trend for significance (HR=2.6, 95%CI 0.8-9.0).ConclusionWe observed that there was a significant increase in local and distant metastatic recurrence rates after BCT among patients diagnosed with TN breast cancers, AA women, and women <50 years old. In contrast, we did not observe differences in survival, with the exception of TN breast cancers. This study suggests that among women who receive BCT, current standard radiation and systemic therapies may not be adequate in preventing recurrence among women with TN breast cancers, of AA race, or younger age.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 6045.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Zaky
- 1Emory Winship Cancer Center, GA,
| | | | - K. May
- 2Emory Winship Cancer Center, GA,
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Centlow M, Junus K, Nyström H, May K, Larsson I, Olsson MG, Åkerström B, Sager R, Schneider H, Hansson SR. Perfusion of the Human Placenta with Red Blood Cells and Xanthine Oxidase Mimics Preeclampsiain-vitro. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009; 213:89-95. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1224196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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