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Xia J, Huang Y, Ma M, Liu F, Cao B. Downregulating lncRNA MIAT attenuates apoptosis of podocytes exposed to high glucose. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:451-460. [PMID: 38072843 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02213-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a destructive complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study aimed to investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MIAT in high-glucose (HG)-induced podocyte injury associated with DN. METHODS Three human kidney podocyte (HKP) cultures were treated with HG to mimic DN. Expression of lncRNA MIAT, podocyte-specific and injury-related proteins, and apoptosis were assessed before and after MIAT knockdown using MIAT shRNAs. RESULTS MIAT expression was upregulated in HKPs in response to glucose stress. HG treatment resulted in a significant increase in the apoptotic rate, Bax level, and levels of injury-related proteins desmin, fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1), and smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA), and a significant reduction in Bcl-2 levels and the levels of podocyte-specific proteins synaptopodin and podocin. Transfection of HKPs with shRNAs significantly reduced MIAT levels (p < 0.05) and attenuated apoptosis in HG-medium. Correspondingly, the levels of synaptopodin and podocin were upregulated, and desmin, FSP-1, and α-SMA were reduced (p < 0.05). Western blot analysis also showed that anti-apoptotic active caspase-3 and Bax and proapoptotic Bcl-2 were elevated and decreased, respectively, after MIAT knockdown, suggesting that apoptosis pathways are deactivated after MIAT downregulation. CONCLUSIONS High glucose upregulates MIAT level in HKPs and induces cellular injury. Knockdown of MIAT alleviates the injury likely via deactivating apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Medical Insurance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Graduate School of Guizhou, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Coloproctology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China.
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Coloproctology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China.
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2
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Tapia‐Curimil G, Castro‐Sepulveda M, Zbinden‐Foncea H. Effect of epicatechin consumption on the inflammatory pathway and mitochondria morphology in PBMC from a R350P desminopathy patient: A case report. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16020. [PMID: 38658362 PMCID: PMC11043034 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Desminopathy R350P is a human myopathy that is characterized by the progressive loss of muscle fiber organization. This results in the loss of muscle size, mobility, and strength. In desminopathy, inflammation affects muscle homeostasis and repair, and contributes to progressive muscle deterioration. Mitochondria morphology was also suggested to affect desminopathy progression. Epicatechin (Epi)-a natural compound found in cacao-has been proposed to regulate inflammatory signaling and mitochondria morphology in human and animal models. Hence, we hypothesize chronic Epi consumption to improve inflammatory pathway and mitochondria morphology in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a desminopathy R350P patient. We found that 12 weeks of Epi consumption partially restored TRL4 signaling, indicative of inflammatory signaling and mitochondria morphology in the desminopathy patient. Moreover, Epi consumption improved blood health parameters, including reduced HOMA-IR and IL-6 levels in the desminopathy patient. This indicates that Epi consumption could be a useful tool to slow disease progression in desminopathy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán Tapia‐Curimil
- Exercise Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad Finis TerraeSantiagoChile
- Centro de Salud DeportivaClínica Santa MaríaSantiagoChile
| | - Mauricio Castro‐Sepulveda
- Exercise Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad Finis TerraeSantiagoChile
| | - Hermann Zbinden‐Foncea
- Exercise Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad Finis TerraeSantiagoChile
- Centro de Salud DeportivaClínica Santa MaríaSantiagoChile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Francisco de VitoriaMadridEspaña
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3
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Vlachakis D, Tsilafakis K, Kostavasili I, Kossida S, Mavroidis M. Unraveling Desmin's Head Domain Structure and Function. Cells 2024; 13:603. [PMID: 38607042 PMCID: PMC11012097 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the structure and function of intermediate filaments (IFs) is necessary in order to explain why more than 70 related IF genes have evolved in vertebrates while maintaining such dramatically tissue-specific expression. Desmin is a member of the large multigene family of IF proteins and is specifically expressed in myocytes. In an effort to elucidate its muscle-specific behavior, we have used a yeast two-hybrid system in order to identify desmin's head binding partners. We described a mitochondrial and a lysosomal protein, NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S2 (NDUFS2), and saposin D, respectively, as direct desmin binding partners. In silico analysis indicated that both interactions at the atomic level occur in a very similar way, by the formation of a three-helix bundle with hydrophobic interactions in the interdomain space and hydrogen bonds at R16 and S32 of the desmin head domain. The interactions, confirmed also by GST pull-down assays, indicating the necessity of the desmin head domain and, furthermore, point out its role in function of mitochondria and lysosomes, organelles which are disrupted in myopathies due to desmin head domain mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Biotechnology Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Tsilafakis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephesiou, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.T.); (I.K.)
- Biochemistry & Biotechnology Department, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece
| | - Ioanna Kostavasili
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephesiou, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.T.); (I.K.)
| | - Sophia Kossida
- IMGT, The International ImMunoGeneTics Information System, National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), University of Montpellier (UM), 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Manolis Mavroidis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephesiou, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.T.); (I.K.)
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4
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Ren C, Chen L, Bai Y, Hou C, Li X, Schroyen M, Zhang D. Comparative effects of phosphorylation and acetylation on glycolysis and myofibrillar proteins degradation in postmortem muscle. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128567. [PMID: 38061521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated the different effects between protein phosphorylation and acetylation on glycolytic enzyme activity and myofibrillar protein degradation. Lamb longissimus thoracis lumborum muscles were homogenized and then inhibitors were added for incubation at 4 °C. Phosphatase inhibitor was added to produce a high phosphorylation level (PI group) and lysine deacetylase inhibitor was added to produce a high acetylation level (DI group). The lactate and ATP content in the PI group was inhibited compared with that in the DI group (P < 0.05). Phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity was negatively related with the phosphorylation level and was positively related with the acetylation level in the DI group (P < 0.05). The degradation of troponin T and desmin of the DI group were restrained when compared to that in the PI group (P < 0.05). Compared with initial PFK and desmin, the simulation of phosphorylation and acetylation of PFK and desmin showed different electrostatic potential at the surface and a more unstable structure. The phosphorylation level of the DI group was increased, suggesting that the changes of protein acetylation altered protein phosphorylation. In conclusion, compared with protein phosphorylation, protein acetylation had a greater effect on promoting glycolysis and inhibiting protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ren
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuqiang Bai
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Chengli Hou
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Cenni V, Evangelisti C, Santi S, Sabatelli P, Neri S, Cavallo M, Lattanzi G, Mattioli E. Desmin and Plectin Recruitment to the Nucleus and Nuclei Orientation Are Lost in Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy Myoblasts Subjected to Mechanical Stimulation. Cells 2024; 13:162. [PMID: 38247853 PMCID: PMC10814836 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In muscle cells subjected to mechanical stimulation, LINC complex and cytoskeletal proteins are basic to preserve cellular architecture and maintain nuclei orientation and positioning. In this context, the role of lamin A/C remains mostly elusive. This study demonstrates that in human myoblasts subjected to mechanical stretching, lamin A/C recruits desmin and plectin to the nuclear periphery, allowing a proper spatial orientation of the nuclei. Interestingly, in Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD2) myoblasts exposed to mechanical stretching, the recruitment of desmin and plectin to the nucleus and nuclear orientation were impaired, suggesting that a functional lamin A/C is crucial for the response to mechanical strain. While describing a new mechanism of action headed by lamin A/C, these findings show a structural alteration that could be involved in the onset of the muscle defects observed in muscular laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Cenni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (V.C.); (S.S.); (P.S.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biochemical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Spartaco Santi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (V.C.); (S.S.); (P.S.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (V.C.); (S.S.); (P.S.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Neri
- Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marco Cavallo
- Shoulder-Elbow Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (V.C.); (S.S.); (P.S.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (V.C.); (S.S.); (P.S.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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Hovhannisyan Y, Li Z, Callon D, Suspène R, Batoumeni V, Canette A, Blanc J, Hocini H, Lefebvre C, El-Jahrani N, Kitsara M, L'honoré A, Kordeli E, Fornes P, Concordet JP, Tachdjian G, Rodriguez AM, Vartanian JP, Béhin A, Wahbi K, Joanne P, Agbulut O. Critical contribution of mitochondria in the development of cardiomyopathy linked to desmin mutation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:10. [PMID: 38167524 PMCID: PMC10763022 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03619-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beyond the observed alterations in cellular structure and mitochondria, the mechanisms linking rare genetic mutations to the development of heart failure in patients affected by desmin mutations remain unclear due in part, to the lack of relevant human cardiomyocyte models. METHODS To shed light on the role of mitochondria in these mechanisms, we investigated cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells carrying the heterozygous DESE439K mutation that were either isolated from a patient or generated by gene editing. To increase physiological relevance, cardiomyocytes were either cultured on an anisotropic micropatterned surface to obtain elongated and aligned cardiomyocytes, or as a cardiac spheroid to create a micro-tissue. Moreover, when applicable, results from cardiomyocytes were confirmed with heart biopsies of suddenly died patient of the same family harboring DESE439K mutation, and post-mortem heart samples from five control healthy donors. RESULTS The heterozygous DESE439K mutation leads to dramatic changes in the overall cytoarchitecture of cardiomyocytes, including cell size and morphology. Most importantly, mutant cardiomyocytes display altered mitochondrial architecture, mitochondrial respiratory capacity and metabolic activity reminiscent of defects observed in patient's heart tissue. Finally, to challenge the pathological mechanism, we transferred normal mitochondria inside the mutant cardiomyocytes and demonstrated that this treatment was able to restore mitochondrial and contractile functions of cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS This work highlights the deleterious effects of DESE439K mutation, demonstrates the crucial role of mitochondrial abnormalities in the pathophysiology of desmin-related cardiomyopathy, and opens up new potential therapeutic perspectives for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeranuhi Hovhannisyan
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Zhenlin Li
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Domitille Callon
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital of Reims, Reims, France
| | - Rodolphe Suspène
- Virus and Cellular Stress Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Vivien Batoumeni
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France
- Ksilink, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexis Canette
- Service de Microscopie Électronique (IBPS-SME), Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Jocelyne Blanc
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Hakim Hocini
- INSERM U955, Equipe 16, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Cécile Lefebvre
- INSERM U955, Equipe 16, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Nora El-Jahrani
- INSERM U955, Equipe 16, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Maria Kitsara
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Aurore L'honoré
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ekaterini Kordeli
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Paul Fornes
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital of Reims, Reims, France
| | - Jean-Paul Concordet
- INSERM U1154, CNRS UMR7196, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Tachdjian
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Service d'Histologie-Embryologie-Cytogénétique, AP-HP, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Université Paris Saclay, Clamart, France
| | - Anne-Marie Rodriguez
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Vartanian
- Virus and Cellular Stress Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Béhin
- Reference Center for Muscle Diseases Paris-Est, Myology Institute, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Karim Wahbi
- Cardiology Department, AP-HP, Cochin Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Joanne
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France.
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Claeyssen C, Bulangalire N, Bastide B, Agbulut O, Cieniewski-Bernard C. Desmin and its molecular chaperone, the αB-crystallin: How post-translational modifications modulate their functions in heart and skeletal muscles? Biochimie 2024; 216:137-159. [PMID: 37827485 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of the highly organized striated muscle tissue requires a cell-wide dynamic network through protein-protein interactions providing an effective mechanochemical integrator of morphology and function. Through a continuous and complex trans-cytoplasmic network, desmin intermediate filaments ensure this essential role in heart and in skeletal muscle. Besides their role in the maintenance of cell shape and architecture (permitting contractile activity efficiency and conferring resistance towards mechanical stress), desmin intermediate filaments are also key actors of cell and tissue homeostasis. Desmin participates to several cellular processes such as differentiation, apoptosis, intracellular signalisation, mechanotransduction, vesicle trafficking, organelle biogenesis and/or positioning, calcium homeostasis, protein homeostasis, cell adhesion, metabolism and gene expression. Desmin intermediate filaments assembly requires αB-crystallin, a small heat shock protein. Over its chaperone activity, αB-crystallin is involved in several cellular functions such as cell integrity, cytoskeleton stabilization, apoptosis, autophagy, differentiation, mitochondria function or aggresome formation. Importantly, both proteins are known to be strongly associated to the aetiology of several cardiac and skeletal muscles pathologies related to desmin filaments disorganization and a strong disturbance of desmin interactome. Note that these key proteins of cytoskeleton architecture are extensively modified by post-translational modifications that could affect their functional properties. Therefore, we reviewed in the herein paper the impact of post-translational modifications on the modulation of cellular functions of desmin and its molecular chaperone, the αB-crystallin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Claeyssen
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nathan Bulangalire
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France; Université de Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Bastide
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Inserm ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Cieniewski-Bernard
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France.
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8
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Çelenk F, Saruhan BG, Sağsöz H. Differential distribution of intermediate filament proteins in the bovine and ovine tongues. Anat Histol Embryol 2024; 53:e13013. [PMID: 38230836 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Intermediate filaments constitute the most heterogeneous class among the major classes of cytoskeletal proteins of mammalian cells. The 40 or more intermediate filament proteins have been classified into five types which show very specific rules of expression in specialized cell types. This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical distribution of cytokeratins (CKs) 8, 18, and 19 as well as the intermediate filaments vimentin, laminin, and desmin in bovine and ovine tongues. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for CKs 8, 18, 19, vimentin, laminin, and desmin. Our results revealed similar immunostaining intensity and distribution among various CKs, contrasting with distinct patterns for vimentin, laminin, and desmin. Immunoreactions were primarily localized in serous acini and ductal epithelium for cytokeratins, while vimentin and laminin were evident in connective tissue, endothelium, serous acini, and desmin in striated and smooth muscles. This study highlighted the absence of CKs 8, 18, 19, vimentin, and desmin in the lingual epithelium of bovine and ovine tongues. These findings enabled the classification of epithelial cells based on their specific cytokeratin patterns. Furthermore, vimentin was identified in mesodermal tissues and organs, desmin in muscle tissue, and laminin played crucial roles in basement membrane formation, nerve tissue regeneration, innervation of epithelial taste buds, and tissue separation and connection. Our findings provide essential insights into intermediate filament dynamics at the cellular and tissue levels. They serve as a foundation for future studies using systematic molecular biological techniques in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Çelenk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Berna Güney Saruhan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Hakan Sağsöz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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9
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Ishizaka T, Hatori K. Direct observation of oriented behavior of actin filaments interacting with desmin intermediate filaments. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130488. [PMID: 37838354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between actin filaments (AFs) and intermediate filaments (IFs) are frequently observed in living cells. The crosstalk between these cytoskeletal components underpins cellular organization and dynamics; however, the molecular basis of filamentous interactions is not fully understood. Here, we describe the mode of interaction between AFs and desmin IFs (DIFs) in a reconstituted in vitro system. METHODS AFs (rabbit skeletal muscle) and DIFs (chicken gizzard) were labeled with fluorescent dyes. DIFs were immobilized on a heavy meromyosin (HMM)-coated collodion surface. HMM-driven AFs with ATP hydrolysis was assessed in the presence of DIFs. Images of single filaments were obtained using fluorescence microscopy. Vector changes in the trajectories of single AFs were calculated from microscopy images. RESULTS AF speed transiently decreased upon contact with DIF. The difference between the incoming and outgoing angles of a moving AF broadened upon contact with a DIF. A smaller incoming angle tended to result in a smaller outgoing angle in a nematic manner. The percentage of moving AFs decreased with an increasing DIF density, but the speed of the moving AFs was similar to that in the no-desmin control. An abundance of DIFs tended to exclude AFs from the HMM-coated surfaces. CONCLUSIONS DIFs agitate the movement of AFs with the orientation. DIFs can bind to HMMs and weaken actin-myosin interactions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The study indicates that apart from the binding strength, the accumulation of weak interactions characteristic of filamentous structures may affect the dynamic organization of cell architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Ishizaka
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Hatori
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Japan.
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10
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Brown SJ, Šoltić D, Synowsky SA, Shirran SL, Chilcott E, Shorrock HK, Gillingwater TH, Yáñez-Muñoz RJ, Schneider B, Bowerman M, Fuller HR. AAV9-mediated SMN gene therapy rescues cardiac desmin but not lamin A/C and elastin dysregulation in Smn2B/- spinal muscular atrophy mice. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2950-2965. [PMID: 37498175 PMCID: PMC10549791 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural, functional and molecular cardiac defects have been reported in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients and mouse models. Previous quantitative proteomics analyses demonstrated widespread molecular defects in the severe Taiwanese SMA mouse model. Whether such changes are conserved across different mouse models, including less severe forms of the disease, has yet to be established. Here, using the same high-resolution proteomics approach in the less-severe Smn2B/- SMA mouse model, 277 proteins were found to be differentially abundant at a symptomatic timepoint (post-natal day (P) 18), 50 of which were similarly dysregulated in severe Taiwanese SMA mice. Bioinformatics analysis linked many of the differentially abundant proteins to cardiovascular development and function, with intermediate filaments highlighted as an enriched cellular compartment in both datasets. Lamin A/C was increased in the cardiac tissue, whereas another intermediate filament protein, desmin, was reduced. The extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, elastin, was also robustly decreased in the heart of Smn2B/- mice. AAV9-SMN1-mediated gene therapy rectified low levels of survival motor neuron protein and restored desmin levels in heart tissues of Smn2B/- mice. In contrast, AAV9-SMN1 therapy failed to correct lamin A/C or elastin levels. Intermediate filament proteins and the ECM have key roles in cardiac function and their dysregulation may explain cardiac impairment in SMA, especially since mutations in genes encoding these proteins cause other diseases with cardiac aberration. Cardiac pathology may need to be considered in the long-term care of SMA patients, as it is unclear whether currently available treatments can fully rescue peripheral pathology in SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon J Brown
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, TORCH Building, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Darija Šoltić
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, TORCH Building, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Silvia A Synowsky
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Sally L Shirran
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Ellie Chilcott
- AGCTlab.org, Centre of Gene and Cell Therapy, Centre for Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Hannah K Shorrock
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Thomas H Gillingwater
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Rafael J Yáñez-Muñoz
- AGCTlab.org, Centre of Gene and Cell Therapy, Centre for Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Bernard Schneider
- Bertarelli Platform for Gene Therapy, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melissa Bowerman
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, TORCH Building, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Heidi R Fuller
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, TORCH Building, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK
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11
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Takegami N, Mitsutake A, Mano T, Shintani-Domoto Y, Unuma A, Yamaguchi-Takegami N, Ishiura H, Sakuishi K, Ando M, Yamauchi H, Ono M, Morishita S, Mitsui J, Shimizu J, Tsuji S, Toda T. The Myocardial Accumulation of Aggregated Desmin Protein in a Case of Desminopathy with a de novo DES p.R406W Mutation. Intern Med 2023; 62:2883-2887. [PMID: 36792195 PMCID: PMC10602824 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0992-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Desminopathy is a cardiac and skeletal myopathy caused by disease-causing variants in the desmin (DES) gene and represents a subgroup of myofibrillar myopathies, where cytoplasmic desmin-postive immunoreactivity is the pathological hallmark. We herein report a 28-year-old Japanese man who was initially diagnosed with sporadic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with atrioventricular block at 9 years old and developed weakness in the soft palate and extremities. The myocardial tissue dissected during implantation of the ventricular-assisted device showed a dilated phase of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and intracellular accumulation of proteinase K-resistant desmin aggregates. Genetic testing confirmed a de novo mutation of DES, which has already been linked to desminopathy. As the molecular diagnosis of desminopathy is challenging, particularly if patients show predominantly cardiac signs and a routine skeletal muscle biopsy is unavailable, these characteristic pathological findings of endomyocardial proteinase K-resistant desmin aggregates might aid in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Takegami
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Mitsutake
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Mano
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Unuma
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Ishiura
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Sakuishi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ando
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Japan
| | - Haruo Yamauchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Japan
| | - Minoru Ono
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Japan
| | - Shinichi Morishita
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Mitsui
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Shimizu
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Institute of Medical Genomics, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Kuprytė M, Lesauskaitė V, Keturakis V, Bunevičienė V, Utkienė L, Jusienė L, Pangonytė D. Remodeling of Cardiomyocytes: Study of Morphological Cellular Changes Preceding Symptomatic Ischemic Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14557. [PMID: 37834000 PMCID: PMC10572236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although major pathogenesis mechanisms of heart failure (HF) are well established, the significance of early (mal)adaptive structural changes of cardiomyocytes preceding symptomatic ischemic HF remains ambiguous. The aim of this study is to present the morphological characterization of changes in cardiomyocytes and their reorganization of intermediate filaments during remodeling preceding symptomatic ischemic HF in an adult human heart. A total of 84 myocardial tissue samples from middle-left heart ventricular segments were analyzed histomorphometrically and immunohistochemically, observing the cardiomyocyte's size, shape, and desmin expression changes in the remodeling process: Stage A of HF, Stage B of HF, and Stages C/D of HF groups (ACC/AHA classification). Values p < 0.05 were considered significant. The cellular length, diameter, and volume of Stage A of HF increased predominantly by the diameter vs. the control group (p < 0.001) and continued to increase in Stage B of HF in a similar pattern (p < 0.001), increasing even more in the C/D Stages of HF predominantly by length (p < 0.001). Desmin expression was increased in Stage A of HF vs. the control group (p < 0.001), whereas it was similar in Stages A and B of HF (p > 0.05), and most intense in Stages C/D of HF (p < 0.001). Significant morphological changes of cardiomyocytes and their cytoskeletal reorganization were observed during the earliest remodeling events preceding symptomatic ischemic HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milda Kuprytė
- Laboratory of Cardiac Pathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Vaiva Lesauskaitė
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Vytenis Keturakis
- Laboratory of Cardiac Pathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Vitalija Bunevičienė
- Laboratory of Cardiac Pathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Lina Utkienė
- Laboratory of Cardiac Pathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Lina Jusienė
- Laboratory of Cardiac Pathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Dalia Pangonytė
- Laboratory of Cardiac Pathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.K.); (V.K.)
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13
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Chang YS. Effects of stepwise chilling with calcium incubation on proteolysis and tenderization in postmortem goose muscle. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102811. [PMID: 37300909 PMCID: PMC10404740 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
White Roman goose (12-wk-old male, N = 30) carcasses were obtained from a local government-inspected slaughter plant at approximately ∼10-min postmortem. Each carcass was individually sealed in a zip-lock bag and chilled immediately in a water bath at 15°C for 1 h. Both sides of Pectoralis major muscles were excised from each carcass and incubated in 30 mM CaCl2 or 30 mM EDTA at 15°C for 5 h. After incubation, calcium-incubated and EDTA-incubated breast muscles were vacuum-packaged individually and stored at 5°C for 72 h. Control samples (without CaCl2 or EDTA incubation) were directly vacuum-packaged and chilled in a water bath at 15°C for 5 h and stored at 5°C for 72 h. Muscle specimens were taken from the left side of breast muscles at 1 h of chilling (∼1-h postmortem) and at 5 h of incubation at 15°C (∼6-h postmortem), as well as 24, 48, and 72 h of aging at 5°C for measuring the activities of calpain-1 and calpain-11 as well as the contents of 80 kDa calpain-1 subunit and desmin. The samples of shear force value and myofibril fragmentation index (MFI) were taken from the right side of breast muscle at 24 h and 72 h of 5°C storage. Our results showed that the decrease of the activities of calpain-1 and calpain-11 and the contents of 80 kDa calpain-1 subunit and desmin was more rapid (P < 0.05) in calcium-incubated samples than in control and EDTA-incubated samples. The shear force was lower, but the MFI was higher in calcium-incubated samples than in control and EDTA-incubated samples (P < 0.05). Therefore, our results suggest that the calpain-mediated proteolysis and tenderization in postmortem goose muscle could be greatly enhanced by combine effects of stepwise chilling with calcium incubation at 15°C and thereafter aging at 5°C. With applying this procedure, commercial slaughter plants may have an alternative way to improve the tenderness of goose meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Shiou Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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14
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Sukhareva KS, Smolina NA, Churkina AI, Kalugina KK, Zhuk SV, Khudiakov AA, Khodot AA, Faggian G, Luciani GB, Sejersen T, Kostareva AA. Desmin mutations impact the autophagy flux in C2C12 cell in mutation-specific manner. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 393:357-375. [PMID: 37277577 PMCID: PMC10406715 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Desmin is the main intermediate filament of striated and smooth muscle cells and plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of muscle fiber during contraction and relaxation cycles. Being a component of Z-disk area, desmin integrates autophagic pathways, and the disturbance of Z-disk proteins' structure negatively affects chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA). In the present study, we focused on alteration of autophagy flux in myoblasts expressing various Des mutations. We applied Western blotting, immunocytochemistry, RNA sequencing, and shRNA approach to demonstrate that DesS12F, DesA357P, DesL345P, DesL370P, and DesD399Y mutations. Mutation-specific effect on autophagy flux being most severe in aggregate-prone Des mutations such as DesL345P, DesL370P, and DesD399Y. RNA sequencing data confirmed the most prominent effect of these mutations on expression profile and, in particular, on autophagy-related genes. To verify CASA contribution to desmin aggregate formation, we suppressed CASA by knocking down Bag3 and demonstrated that it promoted aggregate formation and lead to downregulation of Vdac2 and Vps4a and upregulation of Lamp, Pink1, and Prkn. In conclusion, Des mutations showed a mutation-specific effect on autophagy flux in C2C12 cells with either a predominant impact on autophagosome maturation or on degradation and recycling processes. Aggregate-prone desmin mutations lead to the activation of basal autophagy level while suppressing the CASA pathway by knocking down Bag3 can promote desmin aggregate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Sukhareva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
- Graduate School of Life and Health Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - N A Smolina
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A I Churkina
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - K K Kalugina
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - S V Zhuk
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Khudiakov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Khodot
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - G Faggian
- Graduate School of Life and Health Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G B Luciani
- Graduate School of Life and Health Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - T Sejersen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuropaediatrics, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A A Kostareva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Winter L, Staszewska-Daca I, Zittrich S, Elhamine F, Zrelski MM, Schmidt K, Fischer I, Jüngst C, Schauss A, Goldmann WH, Stehle R, Wiche G. Z-Disk-Associated Plectin (Isoform 1d): Spatial Arrangement, Interaction Partners, and Role in Filamin C Homeostasis. Cells 2023; 12:1259. [PMID: 37174658 PMCID: PMC10177080 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plectin, a highly versatile cytolinker protein, is crucial for myofiber integrity and function. Accordingly, mutations in the human gene (PLEC) cause several rare diseases, denoted as plectinopathies, with most of them associated with progressive muscle weakness. Of several plectin isoforms expressed in skeletal muscle and the heart, P1d is the only isoform expressed exclusively in these tissues. Using high-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, here we show that plectin is located within the gaps between individual α-actinin-positive Z-disks, recruiting and bridging them to desmin intermediate filaments (Ifs). Loss of plectin in myofibril bundles led to a complete loss of desmin Ifs. Loss of Z-disk-associated plectin isoform P1d led to disorganization of muscle fibers and slower relaxation of myofibrils upon mechanical strain, in line with an observed inhomogeneity of muscle ultrastructure. In addition to binding to α-actinin and thereby providing structural support, P1d forms a scaffolding platform for the chaperone-assisted selective autophagy machinery (CASA) by directly interacting with HSC70 and synpo2. In isoform-specific knockout (P1d-KO) mouse muscle and mechanically stretched plectin-deficient myoblasts, we found high levels of undigested filamin C, a bona fide substrate of CASA. Similarly, subjecting P1d-KO mice to forced swim tests led to accumulation of filamin C aggregates in myofibers, highlighting a specific role of P1d in tension-induced proteolysis activated upon high loads of physical exercise and muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilli Winter
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ilona Staszewska-Daca
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Zittrich
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Fatiha Elhamine
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michaela M. Zrelski
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katy Schmidt
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility for Cell Imaging & Ultrastructure Research (CIUS), University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Irmgard Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Jüngst
- CECAD Imaging Facility, CECAD Forschungszentrum Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Astrid Schauss
- CECAD Imaging Facility, CECAD Forschungszentrum Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Goldmann
- Department of Physics, Center for Medical Physics and Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Stehle
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wiche
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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16
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de Oliveira AK, Pramoonjago P, Rucavado A, Moskaluk C, Silva DT, Escalante T, Gutiérrez JM, Fox JW. Mapping the Immune Cell Microenvironment with Spatial Profiling in Muscle Tissue Injected with the Venom of Daboia russelii. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15030208. [PMID: 36977099 PMCID: PMC10057198 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15030208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological and inflammatory events in muscle after the injection of snake venoms vary in different regions of the affected tissue and at different time intervals. In order to study such heterogeneity in the immune cell microenvironment, a murine model of muscle necrosis based on the injection of the venom of Daboia russelii was used. Histological and immunohistochemical methods were utilized to identify areas in muscle tissue with a different extent of muscle cell damage, based on the presence of hypercontracted muscle cells, a landmark of necrosis, and on the immunostaining for desmin. A gradient of inflammatory cells (neutrophils and macrophages) was observed from heavily necrotic areas to less damaged and non-necrotic areas. GeoMx® Digital Spatial Profiler (NanoString, Seattle, WA, USA) was used for assessing the presence of markers of various immune cells by comparing high-desmin (nondamaged) and low-desmin (damaged) regions of muscle. Markers of monocytes, macrophages, M2 macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, leukocyte adhesion and migration markers, and hematopoietic precursor cells showed higher levels in low-desmin regions, especially in samples collected 24 hr after venom injection, whereas several markers of lymphocytes did not. Moreover, apoptosis (BAD) and extracellular matrix (fibronectin) markers were also increased in low-desmin regions. Our findings reveal a hitherto-unknown picture of immune cell microheterogeneity in venom-injected muscle which greatly depends on the extent of muscle cell damage and the time lapse after venom injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana K. de Oliveira
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | | | - Alexandra Rucavado
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica
| | | | - Dilza T. Silva
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Teresa Escalante
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica
| | - José María Gutiérrez
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica
| | - Jay W. Fox
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Correspondence:
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17
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Topaloğlu U, Sağsöz H, Akbalik ME. Distribution of cytoskeletal proteins in the cat testis during the pre-pubertal and post-pubertal periods. Theriogenology 2023; 197:1-9. [PMID: 36462330 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cytoskeletal proteins not only define the shape of cells, but also have critical roles in their proliferation, migration and motility, as well as in the establishment and maintenance of tissue organization and integrity. Furthermore, these proteins influence the physiological processes of the male reproductive system and are found in the structure of some cells. This study aimed to determine differences between the pre- and post-pubertal periods for the localization and distribution of actin, desmin, vimentin and cytokeratin-18 in the testes, epididymides and ductus deferentes of Persian and Turkish Angora and Van cats, using immunohistochemistry. The study material was grouped as belonging to the pre-pubertal and post-pubertal periods. The tissue samples of both groups were subjected to routine histological processing and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections cut from the paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were immunohistochemically stained with the indirect streptavidin-biotin complex method. Immunohistochemical findings demonstrated that there was no difference between the pre- and post-pubertal periods for the staining intensity and distribution of the proteins actin, vimentin, desmin and cytokeratin-18 in Persian and Turkish Angora and Van cats. On the other hand, differences were detected between the pre- and post-pubertal periods for the cellular expression and localization of these proteins in the testes, epididymides and ductus deferentes. Thus, the study results suggest that, based on the expression of actin, desmin, vimentin and cytokeratin-18 in the testes, epididymides and ductus deferentes during both periods, these molecular factors could have a contributory role in the development of the male reproductive system and the regulation of its physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Topaloğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Sağsöz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erdem Akbalik
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey
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18
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Chen J, Yuan S, Zhou J, Huang X, Wu W, Cao Y, Liu H, Hu Q, Li X, Guan X, Yin S, Jiang J, Zhou Y, Zhou J. Danshen injection induces autophagy in podocytes to alleviate nephrotic syndrome via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Phytomedicine 2022; 107:154477. [PMID: 36215790 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Danshen injection (DSI) is an agent extracted from the Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a natural drug commonly used to alleviate kidney diseases. However, the material basis and therapeutic effects of DSI on nephrotic syndrome (NS) remain unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the material basis of DSI and the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of NS. METHODS NS models were established using adriamycin-induced BALB/c mice and lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse podocytes (MPC-5). Following DSI and prednisone administration, kidney coefficients, 24 h urine protein, blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine levels were tested. Histomorphology was observed by periodic acid-Schiff staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining of the kidney sections. The glomerular basement membrane and autophagosomes of the kidneys were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Nephrin and desmin levels in the glomeruli were tested using immunohistochemistry. The viability of MPC-5 cells was tested using cell counting kit-8 after chloroquine and rapamycin administration in combination with DSI. The in vivo and in vitro protein levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT, phosphorylated AKT (Ser473), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), beclin1, cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-3 were detected using western blotting. RESULTS Our results showed that DSI contained nine main components: caffeic acid, danshensu, lithospermic acid, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid A, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid C, salvianolic acid D, and 3, 4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde. In in vivo studies, the NS mice showed renal function and pathological impairment. Podocytes were damaged, with decreased levels of autophagy and apoptosis, accompanied by inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. DSI administration resulted in improved renal function and pathology in NS mice, with the activation of autophagy and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in the kidneys. Additionally, podocytes were less damaged and intracellular autophagosomes were markedly increased. In vitro studies have shown that DSI activated MPC-5 autophagy and reduced apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION Collectively, this study demonstrated that DSI activated podocyte autophagy and reduced apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, ultimately attenuating NS. Our study clarified the main components of DSI and elucidated its therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms for NS, providing new targets and agents for the clinical treatment of NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengliang Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuye Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjia Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiwen Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghong Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueping Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Simin Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaying Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China.
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19
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Fu ZT, Xia Y, Ding HL. [The role of clock gene BMAL1 in exercise-induced skeletal muscle injury recovery]. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 38:220-226. [PMID: 36062789 DOI: 10.12047/j.cjap.6243.2022.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role of clock gene BMAL1 in exercise-induced skeletal muscle injury recovery. Methods: Two hundred and eight 8-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into the control group (Group C, n=104) and the exercise group (Group E, n=104). Group E performed a 90-minute downhill run on the treadmill. After exercise, the gastrocnemius muscle of 8 rats in Group C and Group E were collected at 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 18 h, 24 h, 30 h, 36 h, 42 h, 48 h, 54 h, 60 h, 66 h and 72 h. The expression of skeletal muscle core clock gene, BMAL1 was measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The parameters of fitting cosine curve were obtained by cosine analysis software circacompare (R package), and the change trend of rhythmic oscillation was analyzed. The ultrastructure of skeletal muscle fibers was observed by transmission electron microscope. The expressions of skeletal muscle BMAL1 and DESMIN were detected by Western blot; Immunofluorescence was used to observe the localization and contents of BMAL1 and DESMIN. Results: In Group C, three complete circadian rhythm cycles of mRNA BMAL1 were observed within 72 hours; in Group E, the circadian rhythm of BMAL1 mRNA disappeared at 0 h~24 h. Compared with Group C, the expression level of BMAL1 mRNA was significantly increased at 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 18 h after exercise in Group E (P<0.05), and the expression of BMAL1 protein was significantly increased at 0 h and 12 h after exercise(P<0.05), and recovered to the level of that in Group C from 24 h to 72 h(P>0.05). The expression of DESMIN protein was decreased at 0 h and 12 h after exercise(P<0.05), gradually increased at 24 h, increased significantly at 48 h(P<0.01), and recovered to the control level at 72 h (P>0.05). In Group E, BMAL1 and DESMIN were co-localized at 0 h, 12 h, and 24 h after exercise; the colocalization at 0 h~24 h showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, and the fluorescence intensity at 24 h reached the highest value. Conclusion: The post-exercise clock gene BMAL1 may be involved in the enhanced synergy of regulating the cytoskeletal protein DESMIN, it is thus related to the promotion of muscle fiber structure recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ting Fu
- Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hai-Li Ding
- Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
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20
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Yan XY, Lin JL, Tian RH, Weng XQ, Wang L, Zou ZK, Li XH, Lin XD, Chen G, Hu D. [Multicenter retrospective study of 38 cases with fumarate hydratase deficiency uterine leiomyoma]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 57:435-441. [PMID: 35775251 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20220312-00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of fumarate hydratase (FH) deficiency uterine leiomyoma. Methods: The data of 38 patients with FH deficiency uterine leiomyoma were screened and analyzed. The expressions of FH, S-(2-succino)-cysteine (2SC), desmin, p16, p53, CD10 and cell proliferation associated nuclear antigen (Ki-67) proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry, and their clinicopathological features were analyzed retrospectively. Results: (1) Clinical features: the median age of the patients was (42.5±7.4) years old. Twenty-one cases (55%) of them were myomas found in physical examination, and the median maximum diameter of the tumor was 6.0 cm (range: 5.0-7.5 cm); myomectomy was performed in 23 cases (61%), total hysterectomy with or without bilateral appendages in 15 cases (39%); laparoscopic surgery in 27 cases (71%), open surgery in 11 cases (29%); none of the patients had renal cell carcinoma. (2) Histological features: atypical nuclear cells were distributed locally or diffusely, eosinophilic nucleoli and intranuclear inclusion bodies could be seen, glass like globules could be seen in the cytoplasm, nuclear division was 0-4/10 high power field (HPF), and antler like blood vessels and pulmonary edema-like changes could be seen in the stroma. Among 38 patients with FH deficiency uterine leiomyoma, FH was negative in 37 cases (97%), and positive in 1 case (3%); 2SC, desmin, p16, p53, CD10 and Ki-67 showed focal positive expression in 38 cases (100%), including 35 cases (92%) with Ki-67 index<10% and 3 cases (8%) with Ki-67 index ≥10%. (3) Follow-up: 4 cases (11%) recurred, and there was no death. There were significant differences in age, family history, distribution of atypical nuclei and mitosis number between recurrent group and non-recurrent group (all P<0.05). Conclusions: FH deficiency uterine leiomyoma is a rare tumor, which needs pathological examination,immunohistochemical examination and clinical history. Patients younger than 43 years old, with family history, histologically atypical diffuse nuclear distribution and mitotic number ≥3/10 HPF should be alert to the risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Yan
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - J L Lin
- Department of Pathology, the Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - R H Tian
- Department of Pathology, Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - X Q Weng
- Department of Pathology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde 355099, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Z K Zou
- Department of Pathology, Zhangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363008, China
| | - X H Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Nanping 353023, China
| | - X D Lin
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - G Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - D Hu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
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Mohanty I, Banerjee S, Mahanty A, Mohanty S, Nayak NR, Parija SC, Mohanty BP. Proteomic Profiling and Pathway Analysis of Acid Stress-Induced Vasorelaxation of Mesenteric Arteries In Vitro. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:801. [PMID: 35627186 PMCID: PMC9140505 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although metabolic acidosis is associated with numerous pathophysiological conditions and its vasorelaxation effects have been well described in different animal and culture models, the molecular mechanisms of acidosis-induced vasorelaxation are not fully understood. Mesenteric artery models have been used extensively to examine the vascular response to various pathophysiological conditions. Our previous studies and several other reports have suggested the vascular responses of goat mesenteric arteries and human arteries to various stimuli, including acidic stress, are highly similar. In this study, to further identify the signaling molecules responsible for altered vasoreactivity in response to acidic pH, we examined the proteomic profile of acid stress-induced vasorelaxation using a goat mesenteric artery model. The vascular proteomes under acidic pH were compared using 2D-GE with 7 cm IPG strips and mini gels, LC-MS/MS, and MALDI TOF MS. The unique proteins identified by mass spectroscopy were actin, transgelin, WD repeat-containing protein 1, desmin, tropomyosin, ATP synthase β, Hsp27, aldehyde dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein. Out of five protein spots identified as actin, three were upregulated > 2-fold. ATP synthase β was also upregulated (2.14-fold) under acid stress. Other actin-associated proteins upregulated were transgelin, desmin, and WD repeat-containing protein 1. Isometric contraction studies revealed that both receptor-mediated (histamine) and non-receptor-mediated (KCl) vasocontraction were attenuated, whereas acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation was augmented under acidosis. Overall, the altered vasoreactivity under acidosis observed in the functional studies could possibly be attributed to the increase in expression of actin and ATP synthase β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipsita Mohanty
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Biochemistry Laboratory, Proteomics Unit, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, India; (I.M.); (S.B.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India;
- Departments of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, The Raymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sudeshna Banerjee
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Biochemistry Laboratory, Proteomics Unit, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, India; (I.M.); (S.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Arabinda Mahanty
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Biochemistry Laboratory, Proteomics Unit, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, India; (I.M.); (S.B.); (A.M.)
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, India
| | - Sasmita Mohanty
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Technology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar 751022, India;
| | - Nihar Ranjan Nayak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Subas Chandra Parija
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India;
| | - Bimal Prasanna Mohanty
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Biochemistry Laboratory, Proteomics Unit, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, India; (I.M.); (S.B.); (A.M.)
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), ICAR-Fisheries Science Division, Room No. 308, Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan II, New Delhi 110012, India
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22
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Tabuchi A, Tanaka Y, Takagi R, Shirakawa H, Shibaguchi T, Sugiura T, Poole DC, Kano Y. Ryanodine receptors mediate high intracellular Ca 2+ and some myocyte damage following eccentric contractions in rat fast-twitch skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 322:R14-R27. [PMID: 34755549 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00166.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Eccentric contractions (ECC) facilitate cytosolic calcium ion (Ca2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space. Ca2+ is a vital signaling messenger that regulates multiple cellular processes via its spatial and temporal concentration ([Ca2+]i) dynamics. We hypothesized that 1) a specific pattern of spatial/temporal intramyocyte Ca2+ dynamics portends muscle damage following ECC and 2) these dynamics would be regulated by the ryanodine receptor (RyR). [Ca2+]i in the tibialis anterior muscles of anesthetized adult Wistar rats was measured by ratiometric (i.e., ratio, R, 340/380 nm excitation) in vivo bioimaging with Fura-2 pre-ECC and at 5 and 24 h post-ECC (5 × 40 contractions). Separate groups of rats received RyR inhibitor dantrolene (DAN; 10 mg/kg ip) immediately post-ECC (+DAN). Muscle damage was evaluated by histological analysis on hematoxylin-eosin stained muscle sections. Compared with control (CONT, no ECC), [Ca2+]i distribution was heterogeneous with increased percent total area of high [Ca2+]i sites (operationally defined as R ≥ 1.39, i.e., ≥1 SD of mean control) 5 h post-ECC (CONT, 14.0 ± 8.0; ECC5h: 52.0 ± 7.4%, P < 0.01). DAN substantially reduced the high [Ca2+]i area 5 h post-ECC (ECC5h + DAN: 6.4 ± 3.1%, P < 0.01) and myocyte damage (ECC24h, 63.2 ± 1.0%; ECC24h + DAN: 29.1 ± 2.2%, P < 0.01). Temporal and spatially amplified [Ca2+]i fluctuations occurred regardless of DAN (ECC vs. ECC + DAN, P > 0.05). These results suggest that the RyR-mediated local high [Ca2+]i itself is related to the magnitude of muscle damage, whereas the [Ca2+]i fluctuation is an RyR-independent phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Tabuchi
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
- Research Fellowship for Young Scientists, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tanaka
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
- Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
| | - Ryo Takagi
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
- Research Fellowship for Young Scientists, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Shirakawa
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Shibaguchi
- Institute of Liberal Arts and Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takao Sugiura
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, Faculty of Education, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - David C Poole
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology and Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Yutaka Kano
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
- Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
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23
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Elia A, Georgiades P. Investigation of the pregnancy-induced muscle bundle dispersal of the inner myometrium of adult mouse uterus and its relationship to the metrial gland/MLAp. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 584:66-72. [PMID: 34768084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the adult uterus of mice, rats and humans, the initially closely packed muscle bundles of the inner myometrium (muscular tissue that encircles the endometrium where the conceptus implants) undergo a pregnancy-induced dispersal that is clinically significant and hypothesized to regulate important pregnancy events. However, where, when and how this dispersal occurs, what its functions are, as well as its spatial relationship to the mouse metrial gland/mesometrial lymphoid aggregate of pregnancy (MG/MLAp), are unknown. The MG/MLAp, is a pregnancy-induced uterine structure required for successful rodent pregnancy located mesometrial to (above) the decidua basalis (pregnancy-modified mesometrial endometrium) and defined by its accumulation of maternal lymphocytes known as uterine Natural Killer (uNK) cells. To begin to understand how mouse inner myometrium dispersal (IMD) occurs, we spatiotemporally described it by observing the distribution of its muscle bundles and measuring their volume fraction (VF), as well as the VF of uNKs and stromal cells of inner myometrium. We discovered that (a) IMD (defined as reduction in VF of inner myometrium muscle bundles) is restricted to the mesometrial half of the uterus, is first evident at Embryonic day (E) 5.5 (early postimplantation) but not at E3.5 (preimplantation), further increases between E6.5 and E7.5 and remains unchanged from E7.5 to E10.5, (b) IMD initiation (observed between E3.5 and E5.5) occurs in the absence of uNKs and is associated with VF increases of pre-existing inner myometrium stromal cells and (c) the IMD observed between E6.5 and E7.5 is not associated with VF increases of uNKs or stromal cells. To get functional clues about IMD, we examined whether stromal cells between the dispersed muscle bundles undergo decidualization (important for correct fetomaternal interactions) and provide evidence that they do by E10.5, based on their production of Desmin (decidualization marker). Lastly, we examined whether mouse MG/MLAp only comprises the dispersed inner myometrium or additionally includes the mesometrial triangle (a triangular-like area mesometrial to the inner myometrium at the mesometrium-uterus attachment site), as is the case in rats. Our data supports that the dispersed inner myometrium is the only tissue that makes up the mouse MG/MLAp. In conclusion, we provide novel cellular and spatiotemporal insights about IMD that will contribute to understanding its mechanism and function and allow more informed inter-species comparisons about this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemis Elia
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1 University Avenue, 2109, Aglandjia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Pantelis Georgiades
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1 University Avenue, 2109, Aglandjia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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24
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Bi X, Yang N, Ke Y, Liu H, Ma W, Fang B, Sun L, Li L, Lü G, Lin R. An improved experimental method for simultaneously isolating hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells in mouse liver infected with Echinococcus multilocularis. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e24084. [PMID: 34724252 PMCID: PMC8649337 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis parasitizing in the human liver, causing local pathological changes in the liver and manifesting as hyperplasia, liver fibrosis, atrophy, degeneration, and necrosis. Here, we report a method that can simultaneously isolate hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) from mice infected with Echinococcus multilocularis. METHODS A mouse model of AE was established. Hepatocytes and HSCs were isolated from mouse liver using a two-step method combining in situ collagenase perfusion and gradient centrifugation. Expressions of Alb, Desmin, and α-SMA were detected with immunofluorescence to identify the isolated hepatocytes and HSCs. RESULTS The viability and purity of hepatocytes and HSCs both reached 90% or above. For hepatocytes, clear cell boundaries were observed, and the nuclei were round or oval, with clear nucleoli. There was a homogeneous distribution of the hepatocyte marker Alb in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Lipid droplets and Desmin expression were observed in the cytoplasm of freshly isolated HSCs. During the activation of HSCs, the lipid droplets gradually decreased and disappeared with a high expression of α-SMA. CONCLUSION Hepatocytes and HSCs are simultaneously isolated. This may provide a research tool to investigate the interaction between hepatocytes and HSCs and to investigate the mechanism of Echinococcus multilocularis infection-induced liver pathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Bi
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Ying Ke
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Wenmei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Bingbing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Guodong Lü
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
- Department of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsSchool of Public HealthXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Renyong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
- Basic Medical CollegeXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
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Li J, Lv Y, Wang H, Liu Y, Ren J, Wang H. Cardiomyocyte-like cell differentiation by FGF-2 transfection and induction of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101665. [PMID: 34695652 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) To investigate and test the hypotheses that FGF-2 enhanced myocardial differentiation with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Lentiviral vectors carrying the FGF-2 gene were transfected into rat BMSCs firstly. According to the different inducing agents, they were divided into the following four groups: group A (BMSCs blank control group), group B (FGF-2 induction group), group C (Lenti-FGF-2-GFP lentivirus transfection group), and the group D (Lenti-control-GFP lentiviral transfer). Then several kinds of experimental methods such as real-time PCR, immunocytochemical staining, immunofluorescence staining, Western blot, and transmission electron microscopy were used to elucidate the effects by which FGF-2 adjusts myocardial differentiation in rat BMSCs. RESULTS The results of real-time PCR showed that GATA-4 and Nkx2.5 were expressed in all groups of cells. Compared with the experimental control group, the expression of GATA-4 and Nkx2.5 genes was the strongest after induction of 2 weeks in each induction group, and gradually decreased after induction of 4 weeks. Among them, the relative expression levels of GATA-4 and Nkx2.5 genes in Lenti-FGF-2-GFP were highest at all time points. The expressions of cTnI, cTnT, Cx43, and Desmin were detected by immunocytochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining. After 4 weeks of induction, cTnI, cTnT, Cx43, and Desmin were positively expressed in the cytoplasm of cells. Statistical analysis showed that the integrated optical density (IOD) values of the markers in the Lenti-FGF-2-GFP were the strongest. Cx43 and cTnI were weakly positive or negative in the experimental control group. There was a significant difference in the positive expression of each marker in each induction group and the experimental control group. Western blot analysis showed that Tromyosin (Tm) and Desmin were expressed in the blank group, FGF-2 drug-induced group, Lenti-FGF-2-GFP, and empty virus control transfection group after 4 weeks of induction, among which FGF-2 lentivirus transfected. The expression levels of Tm and Desmin were the highest in the staining induction group. Statistical analysis showed that the positive expressions of Tm and Desmin in each experimental group were statistically significant. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the nucleus of the cells transfected and induced by FGF-2 was located at the center of the cells. Myofilaments, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, and ribosomes were seen in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSION These results indicate that FGF-2 can transfect and induce differentiation of BMSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells. Lentivirus-mediated FGF-2 transfection induces the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells better than FGF-2 direct induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou city, China
| | - Yang Lv
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou city, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou city, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou city, China
| | - Junxu Ren
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou city, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou city, China.
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Zhang Y, Fukusumi Y, Kayaba M, Nakamura T, Sakamoto R, Ashizawa N, Kawachi H. Xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor topiroxostat ameliorates podocyte injury by inhibiting the reduction of nephrin and podoplanin. Nefrologia 2021; 41:539-547. [PMID: 36165136 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topiroxostat, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) was shown to reduce urinary albumin excretion of hyperuricemic patients with chronic kidney disease. However, its pharmacological mechanism is not well understood. In this study, we examined the effects of topiroxostat on glomerular podocytes. Podocyte is characterized by foot process and a unique cell-cell junction slit diaphragm functioning as a final barrier to prevent proteinuria. METHODS The effects of topiroxostat on the expressions of podocyte functional molecules were analysed in db/db mice, a diabetic nephropathy model, anti-nephrin antibody-induced rat podocyte injury model and cultured podocytes treated with adriamycin. RESULTS Topiroxostat treatment ameliorated albuminuria in db/db mice. The expression of desmin, a podocyte injury marker was increased, and nephrin and podocin, key molecules of slit diaphragm, and podoplanin, an essential molecule in maintaining foot process were downregulated in db/db mice. Topiroxostat treatment prevented the alterations in the expressions of these molecules in db/db mice. XOR activity in kidney was increased in rats with anti-nephrin antibody-induced podocyte injury. Topiroxostat treatment reduced XOR activity and restored the decreased expression of nephrin, podocin and podoplanin in the podocyte injury. Furthermore, topiroxostat enhanced the expression of podoplanin in injured human cultured podocytes. CONCLUSIONS Podocyte injury was evident in db/db mice. Topiroxostat ameliorated albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy model by preventing podocyte injury. Increase of XOR activity in kidney contributes to development of podocyte injury caused by stimulation to slit diaphragm. Topiroxostat has an effect to stabilize slit diaphragm and foot processes by inhibiting the reduction of nephrin, podocin and podoplanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Fukusumi
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Kayaba
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- Pharmacological Study Group, Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Mie, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Sakamoto
- Pharmacological Study Group, Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Mie, Japan
| | - Naoki Ashizawa
- Biological Research Group, Research Department, Medical R&D Division, Fuji Yakuhin, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawachi
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
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Plaza JA, Brenn T, Chung C, Salim S, Linos KD, Jour G, Duran Rincon J, Wick M, Sangueza M, Gru AA. Histomorphological and immunophenotypical spectrum of cutaneous myoepitheliomas: A series of 35 cases. J Cutan Pathol 2021; 48:847-855. [PMID: 33340147 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Myoepithelial tumors comprise a group of mesenchymal lesions that show heterogeneous histomorphological features, including dual epithelial, neural, and myoid differentiation. Cutaneous myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm that is composed primarily of myoepithelial cells and represents one end of a histopathological spectrum of cutaneous myoepithelial neoplasms including chondroid syringoma and myoepithelial carcinoma. These tumors display a wide histopathological spectrum and immunophenotypical profile often showing epithelial and myoepithelial differentiation. In this series, we studied 35 cases of cutaneous myoepitheliomas. Our cases highlighted the broad histopathological range where most cases showed a non-infiltrative and non-encapsulated tumor exclusively located in the dermis and with no subcutaneous involvement. The majority of our cases had a solid growth pattern (syncytial pattern) and the remainder of cases had a multinodular growth pattern. The tumor cells were epithelioid in 23 cases, spindled in eight cases and there was a mixture of epithelioid and spindled cells in four cases. Mitotic figures ranged from 0 to 5 per 10 HPF. By immunohistochemistry epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was expressed in 59% of cases S100 was positive in 88% of cases, CAM 5.2 was positive in 16% of cases, AE1/AE3 was positive in 44% of cases, p63 was positive in 17% of cases, smooth muscle actin was positive in 38% of cases, desmin was positive in 6% of cases, calponin was positive in 22% of cases, and glial fibrillary acidic protein was positive in 36% of cases. In addition, there were five cases without EMA, keratin, or p63 expression that only showed S100 expression. We describe a large series of cutaneous myoepitheliomas delineating their histomorphological spectrum and immunophenotypical profile. Awareness of some of the unusual histopathological features and the heterogeneous immunohistochemical may pose difficulties for the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Plaza
- The Department of Pathology, Division of Dermatopathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (OSUWMC), Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas Brenn
- University of Calgary Diagnostic and Scientific Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Catherine Chung
- The Department of Pathology, Division of Dermatopathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (OSUWMC), Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - George Jour
- NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Mark Wick
- The University of Virginia, Virginia, USA
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He M, Li Y, Wang L, Guo B, Mei W, Zhu B, Zhang J, Ding Y, Meng B, Zhang L, Xiang L, Dong J, Liu M, Xiang L, Xiang G. MYDGF attenuates podocyte injury and proteinuria by activating Akt/BAD signal pathway in mice with diabetic kidney disease. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1916-1931. [PMID: 32588068 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Myeloid-derived growth factor (MYDGF), mainly secreted by bone marrow-derived cells, has been known to promote glucagon-like peptide-1 production and improve glucose/lipid metabolism in mouse models of diabetes, but little is known about the functions of MYDGF in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Here, we investigated whether MYDGF can prevent the progression of DKD. METHODS In vivo experiments, both loss- and gain-of-function strategies were used to evaluate the effect of MYDGF on albuminuria and pathological glomerular lesions. We used streptozotocin-treated Mydgf knockout and wild-type mice on high fat diets to induce a model of DKD. Then, albuminuria, glomerular lesions and podocyte injury were evaluated in Mydgf knockout and wild-type DKD mice treated with adeno-associated virus-mediated Mydgf gene transfer. In vitro and ex vivo experiments, the expression of slit diaphragm protein nephrin and podocyte apoptosis were evaluated in conditionally immortalised mouse podocytes and isolated glomeruli from non-diabetic wild-type mice treated with recombinant MYDGF. RESULTS MYDGF deficiency caused more severe podocyte injury in DKD mice, including the disruption of slit diaphragm proteins (nephrin and podocin) and an increase in desmin expression and podocyte apoptosis, and subsequently caused more severe glomerular injury and increased albuminuria by 39.6% compared with those of wild-type DKD mice (p < 0.01). Inversely, MYDGF replenishment attenuated podocyte and glomerular injury in both wild-type and Mydgf knockout DKD mice and then decreased albuminuria by 36.7% in wild-type DKD mice (p < 0.01) and 34.9% in Mydgf knockout DKD mice (p < 0.01). Moreover, recombinant MYDGF preserved nephrin expression and inhibited podocyte apoptosis in vitro and ex vivo. Mechanistically, the renoprotection of MYDGF was attributed to the activation of the Akt/Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD) pathway. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The study demonstrates that MYDGF protects podocytes from injury and prevents the progression of DKD, providing a novel strategy for the treatment of DKD. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjuan He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Li Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bei Guo
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wen Mei
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Ding
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Biying Meng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lin Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lingwei Xiang
- ICF, 2635 Century Pkwy NE Unit 1000, Atlanta, GA, 30345, USA.
| | - Guangda Xiang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
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Ding D, Wang X, Chen Y, Benagiano G, Liu X, Guo SW. Evidence in Support for the Progressive Nature of Ovarian Endometriomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5819533. [PMID: 32282052 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Whether endometriosis is a progressive disease is a highly contentious issue. While progression is reported to be unlikely in asymptomatic deep endometriosis, progression in symptomatic deep endometriosis has recently been reported, especially in menstruating women. However, pathophysiological reasons for these differences are unclear. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate whether ovarian endometrioma (OE) is progressive or not. SETTING, DESIGN, PATIENTS, INTERVENTION AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Thirty adolescent patients, aged 15 to 19 years, and 32 adult patients, aged 35 to 39 years, all laparoscopically and histologically diagnosed with OE, were recruited into this study after informed consent. Their demographic and clinical information were collected. Their OE tissue samples were collected and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), desmin, and adrenergic receptor β2 (ADRB2), as well as quantification of lesional fibrosis by Masson trichrome staining. RESULTS OE lesions from the adolescent and adult patients are markedly different, with the latter exhibiting more extensive and thorough progression and more extensive fibrosis, suggesting that lesions in adults progressed to a more advanced stage. Adult lesions and higher staining level of α-SMA and ADRB2 are positively associated with the extent of lesional fibrosis, while the lesion size and the E-cadherin staining are negatively associated. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide a more definitive piece of evidence suggesting that OE is a progressive disease, since the adult lesions have had a longer time to progress. In addition, the pace of progression depends on lesional age as well as the severity of endometriosis-associated dysmenorrhea, if any.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ding
- Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yishan Chen
- Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Giuseppe Benagiano
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Xishi Liu
- Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun-Wei Guo
- Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Singh SR, Kadioglu H, Patel K, Carrier L, Agnetti G. Is Desmin Propensity to Aggregate Part of its Protective Function? Cells 2020; 9:cells9020491. [PMID: 32093415 PMCID: PMC7072738 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmin is the major protein component of the intermediate filaments (IFs) cytoskeleton in muscle cells, including cardiac. The accumulation of cleaved and misfolded desmin is a cellular hallmark of heart failure (HF). These desmin alterations are reversed by therapy, suggesting a causal role for the IFs in the development of HF. Though IFs are known to play a role in the protection from stress, a mechanistic model of how that occurs is currently lacking. On the other hand, the heart is uniquely suited to study the function of the IFs, due to its inherent, cyclic contraction. That is, HF can be used as a model to address how IFs afford protection from mechanical, and possibly redox, stress. In this review we provide a brief summary of the current views on the function of the IFs, focusing on desmin. We also propose a new model according to which the propensity of desmin to aggregate may have been selected during evolution as a way to dissipate excessive mechanical and possibly redox stress. According to this model, though desmin misfolding may afford protection from acute injury, the sustained or excessive accumulation of desmin aggregates could impair proteostasis and contribute to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia R. Singh
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (S.R.S.); (L.C.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hikmet Kadioglu
- Center for Research on Cardiac Intermediate Filaments, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (H.K.); (K.P.)
| | - Krishna Patel
- Center for Research on Cardiac Intermediate Filaments, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (H.K.); (K.P.)
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (S.R.S.); (L.C.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giulio Agnetti
- Center for Research on Cardiac Intermediate Filaments, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (H.K.); (K.P.)
- DIBINEM, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Kang YM, Lee SK, Chun YM, Choi YR, Moon SH, Lee HM, Kang HJ. Follistatin Mitigates Myofibroblast Differentiation and Collagen Synthesis of Fibroblasts from Scar Tissue around Injured Flexor Tendons. Yonsei Med J 2020; 61:85-93. [PMID: 31887804 PMCID: PMC6938778 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.1.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of FST gene on the inhibition of fibrosis in fibroblastic cells from scar tissue around repaired zone II flexor tendons. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry was conducted on fibroblast cells transfected with adenovirus-LacZ (Ad-LacZ) as a marker gene (control), or with adenovirus-FST (Ad-FST) as a therapeutic gene. Fibroblast cultures without adenoviral exposure served as controls. RESULTS Fibroblastic cells transfected with Ad-FST demonstrated significant decrease in collagen type I, MMP-1, MMP2, and α-SMA mRNA expressions compared to those transfected with Ad-LacZ. In addition, fibroblastic cells transfected with Ad-FST exhibited significant decrease in MMP-1, TIMP-1, fibronectin, PAI-1, TRPV4, α-SMA, desmin, and PAX7 protein expressions. CONCLUSION Based on these findings, we conclude that FST may be a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing scar adhesions around repaired tendons by inhibiting fibroblasts from differentiating into myofibroblasts, in addition to producing type I collagen and regulating extracellular matrix turnover via the downregulation of MMP-1 and TIMP-1. FST may also decrease contracture of the scar by inhibiting Ca2+-dependent cell contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Mi Kang
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Keon Lee
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Min Chun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Rak Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seong Hwan Moon
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwan Mo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Jung Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Heffler J, Shah PP, Robison P, Phyo S, Veliz K, Uchida K, Bogush A, Rhoades J, Jain R, Prosser BL. A Balance Between Intermediate Filaments and Microtubules Maintains Nuclear Architecture in the Cardiomyocyte. Circ Res 2019; 126:e10-e26. [PMID: 31822208 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Rationale: Mechanical forces are transduced to nuclear responses via the linkers of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, which couples the cytoskeleton to the nuclear lamina and associated chromatin. While disruption of the LINC complex can cause cardiomyopathy, the relevant interactions that bridge the nucleoskeleton to cytoskeleton are poorly understood in the cardiomyocyte, where cytoskeletal organization is unique. Furthermore, while microtubules and desmin intermediate filaments associate closely with cardiomyocyte nuclei, the importance of these interactions is unknown. Objective: Here, we sought to determine how cytoskeletal interactions with the LINC complex regulate nuclear homeostasis in the cardiomyocyte. Methods and Results: To this end, we acutely disrupted the LINC complex, microtubules, actin, and intermediate filaments and assessed the consequences on nuclear morphology and genome organization in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes via a combination of super-resolution imaging, biophysical, and genomic approaches. We find that a balance of dynamic microtubules and desmin intermediate filaments is required to maintain nuclear shape and the fidelity of the nuclear envelope and lamina. Upon depletion of desmin (or nesprin [nuclear envelope spectrin repeat protein]-3, its binding partner in the LINC complex), polymerizing microtubules collapse the nucleus and drive infolding of the nuclear membrane. This results in DNA damage, a loss of genome organization, and broad transcriptional changes. The collapse in nuclear integrity is concomitant with compromised contractile function and may contribute to the pathophysiological changes observed in desmin-related myopathies. Conclusions: Disrupting the tethering of desmin to the nucleus results in a loss of nuclear homeostasis and rapid alterations to cardiomyocyte function. Our data suggest that a balance of forces imposed by intermediate filaments and microtubules is required to maintain nuclear structure and genome organization in the cardiomyocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Heffler
- From the Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (J.H., P.R., S.P., K.V., K.U., A.B., B.L.P.)
| | - Parisha P Shah
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (P.P.S., J.R., R.J.)
| | - Patrick Robison
- From the Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (J.H., P.R., S.P., K.V., K.U., A.B., B.L.P.)
| | - Sai Phyo
- From the Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (J.H., P.R., S.P., K.V., K.U., A.B., B.L.P.)
| | - Kimberly Veliz
- From the Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (J.H., P.R., S.P., K.V., K.U., A.B., B.L.P.)
| | - Keita Uchida
- From the Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (J.H., P.R., S.P., K.V., K.U., A.B., B.L.P.)
| | - Alexey Bogush
- From the Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (J.H., P.R., S.P., K.V., K.U., A.B., B.L.P.)
| | - Joshua Rhoades
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (P.P.S., J.R., R.J.)
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.R.)
| | - Rajan Jain
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (P.P.S., J.R., R.J.)
| | - Benjamin L Prosser
- From the Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (J.H., P.R., S.P., K.V., K.U., A.B., B.L.P.)
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Favre B, Begré N, Marsili L, van Tintelen JP, Borradori L. Desmoplakin Gene Variants and Risk for Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. Circ Genom Precis Med 2019; 11:e002241. [PMID: 30354334 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.118.002241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Favre
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital (B.F., N.B., L.B.)
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Switzerland (B.F., N.B.)
| | - Nadja Begré
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital (B.F., N.B., L.B.)
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Switzerland (B.F., N.B.)
| | - Luisa Marsili
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands (L.M., J.P.v.T.)
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lille University Hospital, CHU Lille, France (L.M.)
| | - J Peter van Tintelen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands (L.M., J.P.v.T.)
| | - Luca Borradori
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital (B.F., N.B., L.B.)
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Minkwitz C, Schoon HA, Zhang Q, Schöniger S. Plasticity of endometrial epithelial and stromal cells-A new approach towards the pathogenesis of equine endometrosis. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:835-845. [PMID: 30907027 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Equine endometrosis, a frequent cause of subfertility, is characterized by periglandular fibrosis, and no treatment exists. Endometrial biopsies not only contain diseased glands, but also contain healthy glands and stroma. Myoepithelial (ME) and myofibroblastic (MF) markers are calponin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), desmin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Epithelial vimentin expression indicates epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). The aim of this immunohistochemical study was to investigate whether biopsies with endometrosis express MF and ME markers and vimentin. Compared to healthy areas, significantly higher percentages of endometrotic glands were lined by calponin- and vimentin-positive epithelial cells, whereas periglandular fibrosis contained significantly higher percentages of stromal cells positive for vimentin, desmin and SMA and significantly less calponin-positive stromal cells. The rare GFAP expression was restricted to endometrotic glands. Of these, the most frequent features of endometrotic glands were higher percentages of SMA- and vimentin-positive stromal cells and the prominent epithelial calponin staining that occurred in 100%, 93% and 95% of examined biopsies. Results indicate plasticity of equine endometrial epithelial and stromal cells. Particularly, endometrotic glands show evidence for ME differentiation and EMT. The different expression of MF markers between stromal cells from healthy and endometrotic areas suggests functional differences. The characteristic changes in the expression of SMA, vimentin and calponin between endometrotic glands and healthy areas can be helpful to confirm early stages of endometrosis. The characterization of cellular differentiation may help to decipher the pathogenesis of endometrosis and could lead to therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Minkwitz
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Anatomy, Experimental Neurobiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Sandra Schöniger
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Shrestha KR, Jeon SH, Jung AR, Kim IG, Kim GE, Park YH, Kim SH, Lee JY. Stem Cells Seeded on Multilayered Scaffolds Implanted into an Injured Bladder Rat Model Improves Bladder Function. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:201-212. [PMID: 30989046 PMCID: PMC6439074 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate whether human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) seeded on multilayered poly (l-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLCL) sheets improve bladder function in a rat model of detrusor smooth muscle-removed bladder. Methods Male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Normal, injury (detrusor smooth muscle-removed bladder), PLCL (detrusor smooth muscle-removed bladder implanted with PLCL sheets), and PLCL + ADSC (detrusor smooth muscle-removed bladder implanted with PLCL sheets seeded with hADSCs). Four weeks after the treatment, physiological, histological, immunohistochemical, and immunoblot analyses were performed. Results hADSCs were compatible with PLCL sheets. Further, the physiological study of PLCL + ADSC group showed significant improvement in compliance and contractility suggesting the functional improvement of the bladder. Histological, immunohistochemical and immunoblot analyses revealed the uniform distribution of hADSCs in between PLCL sheets as well as differentiation of hADSCs into smooth muscle cells (SMC) which is illustrated by the expression of SMC markers. Conclusion hADSCs seeded on the multilayered PLCL sheets has the potential to differentiate into SMC, thus facilitating the recovery of compliance and contractility of the injured bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitiz Raj Shrestha
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Jeon
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ryang Jung
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
| | - In Gul Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Eun Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Park
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Youl Lee
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Republic of Korea
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Hsiung A, Naya FJ, Chen X, Shiang R. A schizophrenia associated CMYA5 allele displays differential binding with desmin. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 111:8-15. [PMID: 30658136 PMCID: PMC6467702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CMYA5 is a candidate gene for schizophrenia because of the genetic association of variant rs10043986 (C > T) to this severe mental disorder. Studies of CMYA5 and its gene product, myospryn, in the brain and neuronal cells have not been previously reported. The SNP rs10043986 changes the 4,063rd amino acid from Pro to Leu, which is likely to alter protein function. To understand its potential role in the brain, we examined the neuronal expression of myospryn and its binding partner, desmin, an intermediate filament (IF) protein, and investigated how the two alleles of myospryn affect its binding to desmin. Myospryn and desmin are shown to be expressed in the brain and myospryn is shown to localize to the cytoplasm and nucleus of myoblast, neuroblastoma, and glioblastoma cell lines. Peripherin and vimentin, known brain IF proteins, have high protein similarity to desmin but were found not to interact with myospryn using yeast two-hybrid (Y2H). Using a quantitative Y2H assay and surface plasmon resonance, the T allele (Leu) of rs10043986 was found to have stronger binding to desmin than the C allele (Pro). Based on findings described in this report, we hypothesize that the interaction between myospryn to IF provides structural support and efficient rearrangement of the cytoskeleton network during early neuritogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anting Hsiung
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298-0033, USA.
| | - Francisco J Naya
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298-0033, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1200 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA, 23298-0710, USA; Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine and Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4009, USA.
| | - Rita Shiang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298-0033, USA.
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Tavalieri YE, Galoppo GH, Canesini G, Truter JC, Ramos JG, Luque EH, Muñoz-de-Toro M. The external genitalia in juvenile Caiman latirostris differ in hormone sex determinate-female from temperature sex determinate-female. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 273:236-248. [PMID: 30292702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) is a crocodilian species that inhabits South American wetlands. As in all other crocodilians, the egg incubation temperature during a critical thermo-sensitive window (TSW) determines the sex of the hatchlings, a phenomenon known as temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). In C. latirostris, we have shown that administration of 17-β-estradiol (E2) during the TSW overrides the effect of the male-producing temperature, producing phenotypic females (E2SD-females). Moreover, the administration of E2 during TSW has been proposed as an alternative way to improve the recovery of endangered reptile species, by skewing the population sex ratio to one that favors females. However, the ovaries of E2SD-female caimans differ from those of TSD-females. In crocodilians, the external genitalia (i.e. clitero-penis structure or phallus) are sexually dimorphic and hormone-sensitive. Despite some morphological descriptions aimed to facilitate sexing, we found no available data on the C. latirostris phallus histoarchitecture or hormone dependence. Thus, the aims of this study were: (1) to establish the temporal growth pattern of the phallus in male and female caimans; (2) to evaluate histo-morphological features and the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and androgen receptor (AR) in the phallus of male and female pre-pubertal juvenile caimans; and (3) to determine whether the phallus of TSD-females differs from the phallus of E2SD-females. Our results demonstrated sexually dimorphic differences in the size and growth dynamics of the caiman external genitalia, similarities in the shape and spatial distribution of general histo-morphological compartments, and sexually dimorphic differences in innervation, smooth muscle fiber distribution, collagen organization, and ERα and AR expressions. The external genitalia of E2SD-females differed from that of TSD-females in many histological features and in the expression of ERα and AR, resembling patterns described in males. Our results alert on the effects of estrogen agonist exposure during TSW and suggest that caution must be taken regarding the use of E2SD as a procedure for wildlife population management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y E Tavalieri
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina; Catedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - G H Galoppo
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina; Catedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - G Canesini
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina; Catedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - J C Truter
- Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - J G Ramos
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina; Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica y Cuantitativa, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - E H Luque
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina; Catedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M Muñoz-de-Toro
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina; Catedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Ma X, Mani K, Liu H, Kovacs A, Murphy JT, Foroughi L, French BA, Weinheimer CJ, Kraja A, Benjamin IJ, Hill JA, Javaheri A, Diwan A. Transcription Factor EB Activation Rescues Advanced αB-Crystallin Mutation-Induced Cardiomyopathy by Normalizing Desmin Localization. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e010866. [PMID: 30773991 PMCID: PMC6405666 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Mutations in αB-crystallin result in proteotoxic cardiomyopathy with desmin mislocalization to protein aggregates. Intermittent fasting ( IF ) is a novel approach to activate transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, in the myocardium. We tested whether TFEB activation can be harnessed to treat advanced proteotoxic cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results Mice overexpressing the R120G mutant of αB-crystallin in cardiomyocytes ( Myh6-Cry ABR 120G) were subjected to IF or ad-lib feeding, or transduced with adeno-associated virus- TFEB or adeno-associated virus-green fluorescent protein after development of advanced proteotoxic cardiomyopathy. Adeno-associated virus-short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of TFEB and HSPB 8 was performed simultaneously with IF . Myh6-Cry ABR 120G mice demonstrated impaired autophagic flux, reduced lysosome abundance, and mammalian target of rapamycin activation in the myocardium. IF resulted in mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition and nuclear translocation of TFEB with restored lysosome abundance and autophagic flux; and reduced aggregates with normalized desmin localization. IF also attenuated left ventricular dilation and myocardial hypertrophy, increased percentage fractional shortening, and increased survival. Adeno-associated virus- TFEB transduction was sufficient to rescue cardiomyopathic manifestations, and resulted in reduced aggregates and normalized desmin localization in Myh6-Cry ABR 120G mice. Cry ABR 120G-expressing hearts demonstrated increased interaction of desmin with αB-crystallin and reduced interaction with chaperone protein, HSPB 8, compared with wild type, which was reversed by both IF and TFEB transduction. TFEB stimulated autophagic flux to remove protein aggregates and transcriptionally upregulated HSPB 8, to restore normal desmin localization in Cry ABR 120G-expressing cardiomyocytes. Short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of TFEB and HSPB 8 abrogated IF effects, in vivo. Conclusions IF and TFEB activation are clinically relevant therapeutic strategies to rescue advanced R120G αB-crystallin mutant-induced cardiomyopathy by normalizing desmin localization via autophagy-dependent and autophagy-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiucui Ma
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO
- Medical ServiceJohn Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSt LouisMO
| | - Kartik Mani
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO
- Medical ServiceJohn Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSt LouisMO
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO
- Medical ServiceJohn Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSt LouisMO
| | - Attila Kovacs
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO
| | - John T. Murphy
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO
- Medical ServiceJohn Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSt LouisMO
| | - Layla Foroughi
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO
- Medical ServiceJohn Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSt LouisMO
| | - Brent A. French
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Carla J. Weinheimer
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO
| | - Aldi Kraja
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO
| | - Ivor J. Benjamin
- Department of Internal MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI
| | - Joseph A. Hill
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX
| | - Ali Javaheri
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO
- Medical ServiceJohn Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSt LouisMO
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Shah F, Franklin KA, Holmlund T, Levring Jäghagen E, Berggren D, Forsgren S, Stål P. Desmin and dystrophin abnormalities in upper airway muscles of snorers and patients with sleep apnea. Respir Res 2019; 20:31. [PMID: 30764835 PMCID: PMC6376723 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-0999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of obstruction and swallowing dysfunction in snores and sleep apnea patients remains unclear. Neuropathy and to some extent myopathy have been suggested as contributing causes. Recently we reported an absence and an abnormal isoform of two cytoskeletal proteins, desmin, and dystrophin, in upper airway muscles of healthy humans. These cytoskeletal proteins are considered vital for muscle function. We aimed to investigate for muscle cytoskeletal abnormalities in upper airways and its association with swallowing dysfunction and severity of sleep apnea. METHODS Cytoskeletal proteins desmin and dystrophin were morphologically evaluated in the uvula muscle of 22 patients undergoing soft palate surgery due to snoring and sleep apnea and in 10 healthy controls. The muscles were analysed with immunohistochemical methods, and swallowing function was assessed using videoradiography. RESULTS Desmin displayed a disorganized pattern in 21 ± 13% of the muscle fibres in patients, while these fibers were not present in controls. Muscle fibres lacking desmin were present in both patients and controls, but the proportion was higher in patients (25 ± 12% vs. 14 ± 7%, p = 0.009). The overall desmin abnormalities were significantly more frequent in patients than in controls (46 ± 18% vs. 14 ± 7%, p < 0.001). In patients, the C-terminus of the dystrophin molecule was absent in 19 ± 18% of the desmin-abnormal muscle fibres. Patients with swallowing dysfunction had 55 ± 10% desmin-abnormal muscle fibres vs. 22 ± 6% in patients without swallowing dysfunction, p = 0.002. CONCLUSION Cytoskeletal abnormalities in soft palate muscles most likely contribute to pharyngeal dysfunction in snorers and sleep apnea patients. Plausible causes for the presence of these abnormalities is traumatic snoring vibrations, tissue stretch or muscle overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Shah
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Laboratory of Muscle Biology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karl A. Franklin
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thorbjörn Holmlund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Otolaryngology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Eva Levring Jäghagen
- Department of Odontology, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Diana Berggren
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Otolaryngology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sture Forsgren
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Laboratory of Muscle Biology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Stål
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Laboratory of Muscle Biology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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Alghamdi HM, Amr SS, Shawarby MA, Sheikh SS, Alsayyah AA, Alamri AM, Ismail MH, Almarhabi A, Alrefaee MA, Ahmed MI. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors. A clinicopathological study. Saudi Med J 2019; 40:126-130. [PMID: 30723856 PMCID: PMC6402471 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2019.2.23913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical presentations and immunohistochemical (IHC) properties of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and to compare them to internationally published data. METHODS Thirty-six patients diagnosed with GISTs between January 1997 and December 2015 were retrospectively studied in 2 tertiary hospitals. Immunohistochemical staining was carried out prospectively when it has not been completed fully at the beginning. Results: The median age of patients was 54 years (range; 17-81 years). Predominantly, we found more females were affected. The male to female ratio was 1:1.7. The most frequently affected organs were the stomach (63.8%) followed by small bowel (25%) and colorectal region (8.4%). Abdominal pain was the most frequent presentation in 33.3% of the patients then gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in 30.5%. Most of the gastric GISTs were at early stages at presentation: stage 1 and II (60.8%), while in non-gastric GISTs, the tumor stage was advanced: stage III and IV (69.3%). The IHC characteristic of GIST in descending order showed positivity for vimentin (88.9%), CD117 (83.3%), CD34 (77.8%), Ki67 (63.9%), SMA (38.9%), desmin (27.8%), and S100 (19.4%). CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal stromal tumors in our study demonstrates a major similar feature as the published international data. However, minor differences do exist in terms of clinical features and immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M Alghamdi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Fahad Hospital of the University, University of Imam Abdurahman Bin Faisal, Al Khobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Son IT, Lee HS, Ihn MH, Lee KH, Kim DW, Lee KW, Kim JS, Kang SB. Isolation of internal and external sphincter progenitor cells from the human anal sphincter with or without radiotherapy. Colorectal Dis 2019; 21:38-47. [PMID: 30047583 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to isolate and propagate internal and external anal sphincter progenitor cells from the human anal sphincter, with or without radiotherapy, for tailored cell therapy of faecal incontinence. METHODS Sphincter progenitor cells were isolated from normal internal and external anal sphincters collected from 10 patients with rectal cancer who had undergone abdominoperineal resection with (n = 6) or without (n = 4) preoperative chemoradiotherapy. The isolated cells and differentiated muscle fibres were identified using immunofluorescence assay, western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The proliferation of progenitor cells with and without radiotherapy was compared by quantitative 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS The immunofluorescence assay before differentiation confirmed that the internal anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed CD34 and neural-glial antigen 2 (NG2), whereas the external anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed CD34 and PAX7. After differentiation, the internal anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed desmin, calponin and α-smooth muscle actin, whereas the external anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed desmin, myogenic factor 4 and myosin heavy chain. The differential expression profiles of both cell types were confirmed by western blotting and RT-PCR. MTT assays showed that the viability of internal and external anal sphincter progenitor cells was significantly lower in the radiotherapy group than that in the nonradiotherapy group. CONCLUSIONS This study describes the differential harvest internal and external sphincter muscle progenitor cells from human anal sphincters. We confirm that radiotherapy decreases the viability of internal and external anal sphincter progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- I T Son
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St Mary's Hospital, Catholic University, Uijeongbu-si, South Korea
| | - M H Ihn
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - D-W Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - K-W Lee
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - J-S Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - S-B Kang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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Li Y, Song T, Chen Z, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wang X. Pancreatic Stellate Cells Activation and Matrix Metallopeptidase 2 Expression Correlate With Lymph Node Metastasis in Pancreatic Carcinoma. Am J Med Sci 2019; 357:16-22. [PMID: 30466735 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the correlation between pancreatic stellate cell activation, matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) expression and lymph node metastasis in pancreatic carcinoma. METHODS Alpha-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2), Desmin (DES) and MMP2 were detected in 40 pancreatic carcinoma patients and 10 cases of normal pancreas tissues using immunohistochemistry. Then MMP2 and ACTA2 expression profiles in pancreatic cancer were obtained from UCSC (University of California, Santa Cruz) and SurvExpress. RESULTS A total of 67.5% and 55.0% of cases positively expressed ACTA2 and DES in pancreatic carcinoma, respectively. MMP2 in pancreatic carcinoma was expressed in 55.0% of cases, and there were significant differences between the lymph node metastasis group and the lymph node nonmetastasis group, as well as invasion and noninvasion to the peripheral tissue group (P < 0.01). High throughput sequencing databases verified that ACTA2 and MMP2 gene expression were both upregulated in pancreatic carcinoma tissues. CONCLUSIONS The coexpression of ACTA2 and DES was related to the expression of MMP2, and positively correlated with lymph node metastasis. Activation of pancreatic stellate cells may promote the expression of MMP2 and enhance the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueguang Li
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Juyuan Zhang
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ximo Wang
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Awad A, Khalil SR, Farag MR, Nassan MA. Differential susceptibility of kidneys and livers to proliferative processes and transcriptional level of the genes encoding desmin, vimentin, connexin 43, and nestin in rats exposed to furan. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 162:235-244. [PMID: 29990736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to assess the differential toxic impact, induced by furan exposure, on the liver and kidney tissues by estimating reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative damage, and the tissue injury markers in a male rat model. To explain such impacts, 20 rats were assigned into two groups: a control group, where rats were administered corn oil as a vehicle, and a furan-administered group, where furan was orally administered to rats at a dose of 16 mg/kg b wt/day (five days per week over eight weeks). The transcriptional levels of intermediate filament proteins (desmin, vimentin, nestin, and connexin 43) were assessed by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the cell proliferation markers (proliferating cell nuclear antigen [PCNA] and proliferation-associated nuclear antigen [Ki-67]) were recognized by immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, the ultrastructural changes of liver and kidney were monitored using electron microscopy. Our findings showed that furan exposure could induce hepatic and renal damage to different extents. Furan can increase the ROS content, oxidative damage indices, and liver tissue injury indices but not kidney injury indices. Furthermore, it decreases the TAC in the serum of exposed rats. In addition, furan exposure was associated with changes in the mRNA expression pattern of intermediate filament proteins in both kidney and liver tissues. Moreover, furan enhances the expression of PCNA and Ki-67 in the liver tissues but not in the kidney tissues. The ultrastructure evaluation revealed the incidence of glomerular podocyte degeneration and hepatocyte injury. These results conclusively demonstrate that the deleterious effects of furan are caused by promoting fibrosis and hepatocyte proliferation in liver tissues and triggering podocyte injury in the kidney tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Awad
- Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samah R Khalil
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Mayada Ragab Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdo Nassan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Zhang YH, Zhang XR, Yu J, Li HL. [Clinicopathologic features and immunophenotype of pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation of urinary bladder]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018; 47:585-590. [PMID: 30107662 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathologic features, immunohistochemical phenotypes and biological behavior of pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation (PMP) of the urinary bladder which may be misdiagnosed as a malignant neoplasm and undergo extensive treatment. Methods: Six cases of PMP of the urinary bladder were collected from 2001 to 2016 at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University. The clinicopathologic features and immunophenotypic profile were studied by histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations with clinical follow-up. At the same time, the translocation of ALK gene was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Immunohistochemistry was carried out using EnVision method for the expression of AE1/AE3, vimentin, EMA, SMA, Caldesmon, Calponin, desmin, ALK, Ki-67, MyoD1, myoglobin, CD34, S-100, CD117, CK7, CK20, GATA3, p63 and CK5/6. The related literature was reviewed. Results: There were two male and four female patients, significantly more common in women. The age of the patients was 27 to 53 years, and the median age was 35 years. The main clinical symptom was painless gross hematuria, one case with dysuria, and one case showed recurrent cystitis. There was no history of surgery and trauma. Follow-up ranged from 4 months to 13 years and showed five cases without recurrence and one case with recurrence. Microscopy showed submucosal lesion with inflammatory exudate and bleeding on the surface, in some cases extending to the superficial muscles of the bladder wall. The lesion was characterized by the proliferation of plump spindle cells, which were loose or dense in arrangement. There were varying degrees of acute and chronic inflammatory cells infiltration in the myxoid matrix. Spindle cells arranged in disorder, or a dense stranding, especially abundant in the cell region. The median mitotic rate was <2/10 HPF cells, but there were no pathological mitotic figures and without nuclear atypia in most spindle cells. Spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm showed long tapering cytoplasmic projections. Oval or short spindle nuclei had vacuolization with prominent nucleoli, looking like ganglionic cells. There were scarce collagen fibers, and a few spindle cells degenerated with chromatin blurred. Some areas showed a granuloma-like pattern and neutrophils within vascular cavity. Immunohistochemically, the spindle cells were diffusely positive for vimentin, SMA and caldesmon. CKpan was strongly and diffusely positive. Desmin and calponin expression was varying. Ki-67 positive cells were about 35% to 55%, but the spindle cells were negative for myoglobin, S-100, CD117, CD34, p63 and CK5/6. FISH test showed that there was no ALK isolated signal in 6 cases of PMP, and so no positive cases were found. Conclusions: PMP of the urinary bladder is a benign non-neoplastic myofibroblastic proliferative lesion. Morphology is extremely easy to be misdiagnosed as malignant tumors, and therefore more attention should be paid to avoid this misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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Chen CY, Caporizzo MA, Bedi K, Vite A, Bogush AI, Robison P, Heffler JG, Salomon AK, Kelly NA, Babu A, Morley MP, Margulies KB, Prosser BL. Suppression of detyrosinated microtubules improves cardiomyocyte function in human heart failure. Nat Med 2018; 24:1225-1233. [PMID: 29892068 PMCID: PMC6195768 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Detyrosinated microtubules provide mechanical resistance that can impede the motion of contracting cardiomyocytes. However, the functional effects of microtubule detyrosination in heart failure or in human hearts have not previously been studied. Here, we utilize mass spectrometry and single-myocyte mechanical assays to characterize changes to the cardiomyocyte cytoskeleton and their functional consequences in human heart failure. Proteomic analysis of left ventricle tissue reveals a consistent upregulation and stabilization of intermediate filaments and microtubules in failing human hearts. As revealed by super-resolution imaging, failing cardiomyocytes are characterized by a dense, heavily detyrosinated microtubule network, which is associated with increased myocyte stiffness and impaired contractility. Pharmacological suppression of detyrosinated microtubules lowers the viscoelasticity of failing myocytes and restores 40-50% of lost contractile function; reduction of microtubule detyrosination using a genetic approach also softens cardiomyocytes and improves contractile kinetics. Together, these data demonstrate that a modified cytoskeletal network impedes contractile function in cardiomyocytes from failing human hearts and that targeting detyrosinated microtubules could represent a new inotropic strategy for improving cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Yingxian Chen
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew A Caporizzo
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth Bedi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexia Vite
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexey I Bogush
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patrick Robison
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julie G Heffler
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alex K Salomon
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Neil A Kelly
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth B Margulies
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin L Prosser
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Xu L, Li J, Luo Z, Wu Q, Fan W, Yao X, Li Q, Yan H, Wang J. Aβ inhibits mesenchymal stem cell-pericyte transition through MAPK pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:776-781. [PMID: 29939221 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple independent reports have demonstrated pericyte loss in both the hippocampus and cortex in human Alzheimer's disease (AD). The differentiation and recruitment of pericytes are the essential steps in vasculature development. However, the role of amyloid beta (Aβ) in pericyte differentiation has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the interaction between Aβ and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) toward pericytes in culture. Our results showed that mice overexpressing Aβ-precursor protein (APP/PS1) exhibited the loss of pericytes compared with the control group mice, evidenced by the lack of desmin expression in the cortex of 12-month-old mice. Interestingly, we further found that both Aβ40 and Aβ42 inhibited the expressions of pericyte markers (α-SMA, desmin, and PDGFRβ) in cultured MSCs which can be differentiated into mature pericytes. Mechanistically, the inhibitory effects of Aβs on MSC-pericyte transition is mediated by the activation of the ERK1/2 MAPK signal pathway. These new insights into the roles of Aβ in pericyte differentiation may help to develop more effective strategies for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongqiu Luo
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiaoli Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Weijia Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuhua Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingguo Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhuan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin, China
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Smyth LCD, Rustenhoven J, Scotter EL, Schweder P, Faull RLM, Park TIH, Dragunow M. Markers for human brain pericytes and smooth muscle cells. J Chem Neuroanat 2018; 92:48-60. [PMID: 29885791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Brain pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) are a critical component of the neurovascular unit and are important in regulating cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier integrity. Identification of subtypes of mural cells in tissue and in vitro is important to any study of their function, therefore we identified distinct mural cell morphologies in neurologically normal post-mortem human brain. Further, the distribution of mural cell markers platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFRβ), α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), CD13, neural/glial antigen-2 (NG2), CD146 and desmin was examined. We determined that PDGFRβ, NG2, CD13, and CD146 were expressed in capillary-associated pericytes. NG2, and CD13 were also present on vSMCs in large vessels, however abundant CD146 and desmin staining was also detected in vSMCs on large vessels, co-labelling with αSMA. To determine whether cultures recapitulated observations from tissue, primary human brain pericytes derived from neurologically normal autopsies were analysed for the presence of pericyte markers by immunocytochemistry, western blotting and qPCR. The proteins observed in brain pericytes in tissue (PDGFRβ, αSMA, desmin, CD146, CD13, and NG2) were present in vitro, validating a panel of proteins that can be used to label brain pericytes and vSMCs in tissue and in vitro. Finally, we showed that the proteins CD146 and desmin that are expressed on large vessels in situ, are also selective markers of a smooth muscle cell phenotype in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon C D Smyth
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Justin Rustenhoven
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Emma L Scotter
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Patrick Schweder
- Centre for Brain Research, Auckland, New Zealand; Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Centre for Brain Research, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Thomas I H Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mike Dragunow
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Phelps KJ, Johnson DD, Elzo MA, Paulk CB, Gonzalez JM. Effect of Brahman genetics on myofibrillar protein degradation, collagen crosslinking, and tenderness of the longissimus lumborum. J Anim Sci 2018; 95:5397-5406. [PMID: 29293748 DOI: 10.2527/jas2017.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of percent Brahman genetics on Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), desmin and troponin-T (TnT) degradation, hydroxylysyl pyridinoline (HP) crosslink content, and perimysial collagen melting temperature. Steers ( = 131) produced in 2012 and 2013 were harvested at 1.27 cm of visual s.c. back fat thickness. Steers were divided into 4 genetic categories consisting of steers that contained 6/32 or less Brahman genetics, 12/32 Brahman genetics, 14/32 to 18/32 Brahman genetics, and 23/32 to 32/32 Brahman genetics. Twenty-four hours after harvest, a 7.62-cm piece of the longissimus lumborum beginning at the 13th rib was collected and aged for 14 d. Following aging, three 2.54-cm steaks were cut for WBSF, trained sensory panel, and laboratory analyses. Laboratory analyses steaks were used to determine protein degradation, HP crosslink analysis, and perimysial collagen melting temperature. Data were analyzed using a polynomial regression for unequally spaced treatments. As the percent Brahman genetics increased, WBSF increased (linear, = 0.01). As percent Brahman genetics increased, tenderness score decreased (less tender) and connective tissue score increased (more connective tissue; linear, = 0.01). As the percentage of Brahman genetics increased, the amount of degraded desmin (38 kDa) and TnT (34 and 30 kDa) decreased (linear, < 0.03) whereas the amount of immunoreactive 36 kDa TnT increased (linear, = 0.04). Percent Brahman genetics had no effect ( = 0.14) on HP crosslink content but did tend to increase ( = 0.07) perimysial collagen melting temperature as the percent Brahman increased. The percentage of Brahman genetic influence was positively correlated to WBSF ( = 0.25), 36 kDa immunoreactive TnT ( = 0.26), and perimysial collagen melting temperature ( = 0.25, = 0.01). Sensory panel tenderness ( = -0.44), juiciness ( = -0.26), and connective tissue scores ( = -0.63); 38 kDa degraded desmin ( = -0.34), 34 ( = -0.36) and 30 kDa degraded TnT ( = -0.29); and HP collagen crosslinks ( = -0.20) were negatively correlated to percent Brahman genetic influence ( < 0.03). Increasing Brahman genetic influence in steers negatively affects tenderness, partially through a reduction in degradation of desmin and TnT. Although HP collagen crosslinks are unaffected by Brahman genetics, a tendency for increased perimysium melting temperature indicates that other collagen-stabilizing crosslinks may be affected.
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Lin MH, Miller JB, Kikkawa Y, Suleiman HY, Tryggvason K, Hodges BL, Miner JH. Laminin-521 Protein Therapy for Glomerular Basement Membrane and Podocyte Abnormalities in a Model of Pierson Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:1426-1436. [PMID: 29472414 PMCID: PMC5967757 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017060690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laminin α5β2γ1 (LM-521) is a major component of the GBM. Mutations in LAMB2 that prevent LM-521 synthesis and/or secretion cause Pierson syndrome, a rare congenital nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial sclerosis and ocular and neurologic defects. Because the GBM is uniquely accessible to plasma, which permeates endothelial cell fenestrae, we hypothesized that intravenous delivery of LM-521 could replace the missing LM-521 in the GBM of Lamb2 mutant mice and restore glomerular permselectivity.Methods We injected human LM-521 (hLM-521), a macromolecule of approximately 800 kD, into the retro-orbital sinus of Lamb2-/- pups daily. Deposition of hLM-521 into the GBM was investigated by fluorescence microscopy. We assayed the effects of hLM-521 on glomerular permselectivity by urinalysis and the effects on podocytes by desmin immunostaining and ultrastructural analysis of podocyte architecture.Results Injected hLM-521 rapidly and stably accumulated in the GBM of all glomeruli. Super-resolution imaging showed that hLM-521 accumulated in the correct orientation in the GBM, primarily on the endothelial aspect. Treatment with hLM-521 greatly reduced the expression of the podocyte injury marker desmin and attenuated the foot process effacement observed in untreated pups. Moreover, treatment with hLM-521 delayed the onset of proteinuria but did not prevent nephrotic syndrome, perhaps due to its absence from the podocyte aspect of the GBM.Conclusions These studies show that GBM composition and function can be altered in vivovia vascular delivery of even very large proteins, which may advance therapeutic options for patients with abnormal GBM composition, whether genetic or acquired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meei-Hua Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Joseph B Miller
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Yamato Kikkawa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hani Y Suleiman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Karl Tryggvason
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and
| | | | - Jeffrey H Miner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri;
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Abstract
We studied one case of atypical polypoid adenomyoma of the uterus immunohistochemically using antisera against keratins, vimentin, S-100 protein, desmin and actin. The stromal cells were reactive with anti-actin and antidesmin antibodies suggesting a muscular phenotype and confirming previous ultrastructural data. Immunohistochemical investigations have proved to be useful in differential diagnosis of APA with invasive adenocarcinoma, adenosarcoma and adenofibroma of the endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Di Palma
- Divisione di Anatomia Patologica e Citologia, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
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