1
|
Jamwal S, Tyagi N, Kumar J, Kaushik JK, Kumar S, Mohanty AK. Simple method for isolation and culture of primary buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) endometrial epithelial cells (pBuEECs) and its characterization using high throughput proteomics approach. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 263:107449. [PMID: 38490065 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Early embryonic mortality resulting from insufficient interaction between the embryo and the uterus leads to the failure of pregnancy in livestock animals. Thus, it is imperative to comprehend the multifaceted process of implantation at molecular levels, which requires synchronized feto-maternal interaction. The in-vitro models serve as valuable tools to investigate the specific stages of implantation. The present study was undertaken to develop a simple method to isolate and culture the primary buffalo endometrial epithelial cells (pBuEECs), followed by proteome profiling of the proliferating cells. Collagenase I was used to separate uterine epithelial cells (UECs) from the ipsilateral uterine horn, and then the cells were separated using a cell strainer. After being seeded on culture plates, UECs developed colonies with characteristic epithelial shape and expressed important markers such as cytokeratin 18 (KRT18), progesterone receptor (PGR), β-estrogen receptor (ESR1), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), which were confirmed by PCR. The purity of epithelial cells was assessed using cytokeratin 18 immunostaining, which indicated approximately 99% purity in cultured cells. The proteome profiling of pBuEECs via high-throughput tandem mass spectrometry (MS), identified a total of 3383 proteins. Bioinformatics analysis revealed enrichment in various biological processes, including cellular processes, metabolic processes, biological regulation, localization, signaling, and developmental processes. Moreover, the KEGG pathway analysis highlighted associations with the ribosome, proteosome, oxidative phosphorylation, spliceosome, and cytoskeleton regulation pathways. In conclusion, these well characterized cells offer valuable in-vitro model to enhance the understanding of implantation and uterine pathophysiology in livestock animals, particularly buffaloes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Jamwal
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Nikunj Tyagi
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Jaideep Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Jai Kumar Kaushik
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Sudarshan Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India.
| | - Ashok Kumar Mohanty
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sorgun O, Erbaş O. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells mitigate methotrexate-induced liver cirrhosis (fibrosis) model. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:11882-11889. [PMID: 38164852 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatic fibrosis is a severe liver condition characterized by abnormal fibroblast activity, excessive extracellular matrix deposition, inflammation, and structural alterations. Methotrexate (MTX), a pharmaceutical agent widely used for its therapeutic properties, is known to induce hepatotoxicity. However, the precise mechanisms underlying MTX-induced liver injury remain elusive. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSCs) in alleviating MTX-induced liver injury in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty male Wistar albino rats were employed in this study. Liver injury was induced in twenty rats by a single MTX dose, while ten rats constituted the control group. The MTX group was further subdivided into two cohorts, one receiving ADMSC treatment and the other saline solution. The treatment duration was 14 days. ADMSCs, isolated from adipose tissue, were characterized by CD13, CD29, and CD105 markers. Biomarker analysis, histopathological evaluations, and various measurements were conducted to assess ADMSCs' therapeutic efficacy. RESULTS MTX administration significantly increased Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β), Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Plasma Cytokeratin 18, Plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Liver MDA levels, with histopathological liver damage. ADMSC treatment notably lowered TGF-β, PDGF, Plasma Cytokeratin 18, Plasma MDA, and Liver MDA levels, accompanied by reduced liver damage observed histologically. Liver Enzyme ALT levels were also reduced in the MTX and ADMSC groups compared to the MTX and Saline groups. CONCLUSIONS ADMSCs exhibit significant potential in ameliorating MTX-induced liver injury, with notable anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties. These findings suggest that ADMSCs may effectively mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation associated with MTX-induced liver damage. Further research is essential to investigate the clinical application of ADMSCs in liver disease management and uncover the underlying therapeutic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Sorgun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sağlık Bilimleri University Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liang X, Qiu X, Ma Y, Xu W, Chen S, Zhang P, Liu M, Lin X. KRT18 regulates trophoblast cell migration and invasion which are essential for embryo implantation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21:78. [PMID: 37620903 PMCID: PMC10464462 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Female infertility is a worldwide concern that impacts the quality of life and well-being of affected couples. Failure of embryo implantation is a major cause of early pregnancy loss and is precisely regulated by a programmed molecular mechanism. Recent studies have shown that proper trophoblast adhesion and invasion are essential for embryo implantation. However, the potential regulatory mechanism involved in trophoblast adhesion and invasion has yet to be fully elucidated. KRT18 has been reported to play a critical role in early embryonic development, but its physiological function in embryo implantation remains unclear. In the present study, we revealed that KRT18 was highly expressed in trophoblast cells and that knockdown of KRT18 in mouse embryos inhibited embryo adhesion and implantation. In vitro experiments further showed that silencing KRT18 disturbed trophoblast migration and invasion. More importantly, we provide evidence that KRT18 directly binds to and stabilizes cell surface E-cadherin in trophoblast cells through microscale thermophoresis (MST) analysis and molecular biology experiments. In brief, our data reveal that KRT18, which is highly expressed in trophoblast cells, plays an important role in the regulation of trophoblast invasion and adhesion during embryo implantation by directly binding to E-cadherin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Liang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qiu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Yana Ma
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Xu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sijia Chen
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
| | - Mengying Liu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Lin
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Topaloğlu U, Sağsöz H, Akbalik ME. Distribution of cytoskeletal proteins in the cat testis during the pre-pubertal and post-pubertal periods. Theriogenology 2023; 197:1-9. [PMID: 36462330 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cytoskeletal proteins not only define the shape of cells, but also have critical roles in their proliferation, migration and motility, as well as in the establishment and maintenance of tissue organization and integrity. Furthermore, these proteins influence the physiological processes of the male reproductive system and are found in the structure of some cells. This study aimed to determine differences between the pre- and post-pubertal periods for the localization and distribution of actin, desmin, vimentin and cytokeratin-18 in the testes, epididymides and ductus deferentes of Persian and Turkish Angora and Van cats, using immunohistochemistry. The study material was grouped as belonging to the pre-pubertal and post-pubertal periods. The tissue samples of both groups were subjected to routine histological processing and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections cut from the paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were immunohistochemically stained with the indirect streptavidin-biotin complex method. Immunohistochemical findings demonstrated that there was no difference between the pre- and post-pubertal periods for the staining intensity and distribution of the proteins actin, vimentin, desmin and cytokeratin-18 in Persian and Turkish Angora and Van cats. On the other hand, differences were detected between the pre- and post-pubertal periods for the cellular expression and localization of these proteins in the testes, epididymides and ductus deferentes. Thus, the study results suggest that, based on the expression of actin, desmin, vimentin and cytokeratin-18 in the testes, epididymides and ductus deferentes during both periods, these molecular factors could have a contributory role in the development of the male reproductive system and the regulation of its physiological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Topaloğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Sağsöz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erdem Akbalik
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zambuto SG, Jain I, Clancy KBH, Underhill GH, Harley BAC. Role of Extracellular Matrix Biomolecules on Endometrial Epithelial Cell Attachment and Cytokeratin 18 Expression on Gelatin Hydrogels. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3819-3830. [PMID: 35994527 PMCID: PMC9581737 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The endometrium undergoes profound changes in tissue architecture and composition, both during the menstrual cycle as well as in the context of pregnancy. Dynamic remodeling processes of the endometrial extracellular matrix (ECM) are a major element of endometrial homeostasis, including changes across the menstrual cycle. A critical element of this tissue microenvironment is the endometrial basement membrane, a specialized layer of proteins that separates the endometrial epithelium from the underlying endometrial ECM. Bioengineering models of the endometrial microenvironment that present an appropriate endometrial ECM and basement membrane may provide an improved environment to study endometrial epithelial cell (EEC) function. Here, we exploit a tiered approach using two-dimensional high-throughput microarrays and three-dimensional gelatin hydrogels to define patterns of EEC attachment and cytokeratin 18 (CK18) expression in response to combinations of endometrial basement membrane proteins. We identify combinations (collagen IV + tenascin C; collagen I + collagen III; hyaluronic acid + tenascin C; collagen V; collagen V + hyaluronic acid; collagen III; and collagen I) that facilitate increased EEC attachment, increased CK18 intensity, or both. We also identify significant EEC mediated remodeling of the methacrylamide-functionalized gelatin matrix environment via analysis of nascent protein deposition. Together, we report efforts to tailor the localization of basement membrane-associated proteins and proteoglycans in order to investigate tissue-engineered models of the endometrial microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha G Zambuto
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ishita Jain
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kathryn B H Clancy
- Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Gregory H Underhill
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Henry BM, Cheruiyot I, Benoit SW, Sanchis-Gomar F, Lippi G, Benoit J. Cytokeratin 18 cell death assays as biomarkers for quantification of apoptosis and necrosis in COVID-19: a prospective, observational study. J Clin Pathol 2022; 75:410-415. [PMID: 33789919 PMCID: PMC8025250 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-207242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 triggers cell damage and necrosis are yet to be fully elucidated. We sought to quantify epithelial cell death in patients with COVID-19, with an estimation of relative contributions of apoptosis and necrosis. METHODS Blood samples were collected prospectively from adult patients presenting to the emergency department. Circulating levels of caspase-cleaved (apoptosis) and total cytokeratin 18 (CK-18) (total cell death) were determined using M30 and M65 enzyme assays, respectively. Intact CK-18 (necrosis) was estimated by subtracting M30 levels from M65. RESULTS A total of 52 COVID-19 patients and 27 matched sick controls (with respiratory symptoms not due to COVID-19) were enrolled. Compared with sick controls, COVID-19 patients had higher levels of M65 (p = 0.046, total cell death) and M30 (p = 0.0079, apoptosis). Hospitalised COVID-19 patients had higher levels of M65 (p= 0.014) and intact CK-18 (p= 0.004, necrosis) than discharged patients. Intensive care unit (ICU)-admitted COVID-19 patients had higher levels of M65 (p= 0.004), M30 (p= 0.004) and intact CK-18 (p= 0.033) than hospitalised non-ICU admitted patients. In multivariable logistic regression, elevated levels of M65, M30 and intact CK-18 were associated with increased odds of ICU admission (OR=22.05, p=0.014, OR=19.71, p=0.012 and OR=14.12, p=0.016, respectively). CONCLUSION Necrosis appears to be the main driver of hospitalisation, whereas apoptosis and necrosis appear to drive ICU admission. Elevated levels CK-18 levels are independent predictors of severe disease, and could be useful for risk stratification of COVID-19 patients and in assessment of therapeutic efficacy in early-phase COVID-19 clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Michael Henry
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Stefanie W Benoit
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Ohio, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Justin Benoit
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pessoa J, Teixeira J. Cytoskeleton alterations in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2022; 128:155115. [PMID: 34974078 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.155115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to its extremely high prevalence and severity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) is a serious health and economic concern worldwide. Developing effective methods of diagnosis and therapy demands a deeper understanding of its molecular basis. One of the strategies in such an endeavor is the analysis of alterations in the morphology of liver cells. Such alterations, widely reported in NAFLD patients and disease models, are related to the cytoskeleton. Therefore, the fate of the cytoskeleton components is useful to uncover the molecular basis of NAFLD, to further design innovative approaches for its diagnosis and therapy. MAIN FINDINGS Several cytoskeleton proteins are up-regulated in liver cells of NAFLD patients. Under pathological conditions, keratin 18 is released from hepatocytes and its detection in the blood emerges as a non-invasive diagnosis tool. α-Smooth muscle actin is up-regulated in hepatic stellate cells and its down-regulation has been widely tested as a potential NALFD therapeutic approach. Other cytoskeleton proteins, such as vimentin, are also up-regulated. CONCLUSIONS NAFLD progression involves alterations in expression levels of proteins that build the liver cytoskeleton or associate with it. These findings provide a timely opportunity of developing novel approaches for NAFLD diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Pessoa
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alam CM, Baghestani S, Pajari A, Omary MB, Toivola DM. Keratin 7 Is a Constituent of the Keratin Network in Mouse Pancreatic Islets and Is Upregulated in Experimental Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157784. [PMID: 34360548 PMCID: PMC8346022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin (K) 7 is an intermediate filament protein expressed in ducts and glands of simple epithelial organs and in urothelial tissues. In the pancreas, K7 is expressed in exocrine ducts, and apico-laterally in acinar cells. Here, we report K7 expression with K8 and K18 in the endocrine islets of Langerhans in mice. K7 filament formation in islet and MIN6 β-cells is dependent on the presence and levels of K18. K18-knockout (K18‒/‒) mice have undetectable islet K7 and K8 proteins, while K7 and K18 are downregulated in K8‒/‒ islets. K7, akin to F-actin, is concentrated at the apical vertex of β-cells in wild-type mice and along the lateral membrane, in addition to forming a fine cytoplasmic network. In K8‒/‒ β-cells, apical K7 remains, but lateral keratin bundles are displaced and cytoplasmic filaments are scarce. Islet K7, rather than K8, is increased in K18 over-expressing mice and the K18-R90C mutation disrupts K7 filaments in mouse β-cells and in MIN6 cells. Notably, islet K7 filament networks significantly increase and expand in the perinuclear regions when examined in the streptozotocin diabetes model. Hence, K7 represents a significant component of the murine islet keratin network and becomes markedly upregulated during experimental diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catharina M. Alam
- Department of Biosciences, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, BioCity 2nd Floor, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland; (S.B.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.A.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Sarah Baghestani
- Department of Biosciences, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, BioCity 2nd Floor, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland; (S.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Ada Pajari
- Department of Biosciences, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, BioCity 2nd Floor, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland; (S.B.); (A.P.)
| | - M. Bishr Omary
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Diana M. Toivola
- Department of Biosciences, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, BioCity 2nd Floor, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland; (S.B.); (A.P.)
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: (C.M.A.); (D.M.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lim Y, Ku NO. Revealing the Roles of Keratin 8/18-Associated Signaling Proteins Involved in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6401. [PMID: 34203895 PMCID: PMC8232640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is developed with various etiologies, protection of hepatocytes seems basically essential to prevent the incidence of HCC. Keratin 8 and keratin 18 (K8/K18) are cytoskeletal intermediate filament proteins that are expressed in hepatocytes. They maintain the cell shape and protect cells under stress conditions. Their protective roles in liver damage have been described in studies of mouse models, and K8/K18 mutation frequency in liver patients. Interestingly, K8/K18 bind to signaling proteins such as transcription factors and protein kinases involved in HCC development. Since K8/K18 are abundant cytoskeletal proteins, K8/K18 binding with the signaling factors can alter the availability of the factors. Herein, we discuss the potential roles of K8/K18 in HCC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Younglan Lim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Nam-On Ku
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Department of Bio-Convergence ISED, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tantengco OAG, Richardson LS, Vink J, Kechichian T, Medina PMB, Pyles RB, Menon R. Progesterone alters human cervical epithelial and stromal cell transition and migration: Implications in cervical remodeling during pregnancy and parturition. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 529:111276. [PMID: 33823217 PMCID: PMC8491272 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The cervix undergoes extensive remodeling throughout pregnancy and parturition. This process involves both ECM collagen degradation and cellular remodeling, which includes cell proliferation, transition and migration. Progesterone (P4) has been used clinically to delay cervical ripening and prevent preterm birth (PTB). However, the mechanisms by which progesterone affects cell transition and the migration of cervical epithelial and stromal cells are not yet fully known. In this study, we documented the role of a gestational level of P4 in the cellular transition (epithelial-mesenchymal transition [EMT] and mesenchymal-epithelial transition [MET]), cell migration, and inflammatory responses of endocervical epithelial cells (EEC) and cervical stromal cells (CSC). EEC and CSC were treated with LPS and P4 for 6 days. The epithelial:mesenchymal ratio (regular microscopy and cell shape index analysis), shift in intermediate filaments (immunofluorescence microscopy and western blot analyses for cytokeratin [CK]-18 and vimentin), adhesion molecules and transcription factors (western blot analyses for E-cadherin, N-cadherin and SNAIL), were used to determine growth characteristics and EMT and MET changes in EEC and CSC under the indicated conditions. To test cell remodeling, scratch assays followed by cellular analyses as mentioned above were performed. Inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor α [TNFα]) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) were measured by ELISA. LPS promoted EMT (decreased cell shape index, decreased CK-18 and E-cadherin, increased vimentin, N-cadherin, and SNAIL), and increased IL-6 and MMP9 production by EEC. A gestational level of P4 prevented LPS-induced EMT in EEC and exhibited anti-inflammatory effect in both EEC and CSC. LPS slowed down wound healing in CSC but P4 treatment prevented the negative impact of LPS in CSC wound healing. These results may explain the cellular mechanisms by which P4 helps to stabilize the cervical epithelial barrier and preserve the mechanical and tensile strength of the cervical stromal layer, which are important in normal cervical remodeling processes during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ourlad Alzeus G Tantengco
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA; Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Lauren S Richardson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Joy Vink
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Talar Kechichian
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Paul Mark B Medina
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Richard B Pyles
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sheppard HE, Dall’Agnese A, Park WD, Shamim MH, Dubrulle J, Johnson HL, Stossi F, Cogswell P, Sommer J, Levy J, Sharifnia T, Wawer MJ, Nabet B, Gray NS, Clemons PA, Schreiber SL, Workman P, Young RA, Lin CY. Targeted brachyury degradation disrupts a highly specific autoregulatory program controlling chordoma cell identity. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100188. [PMID: 33521702 PMCID: PMC7817874 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chordomas are rare spinal tumors addicted to expression of the developmental transcription factor brachyury. In chordomas, brachyury is super-enhancer associated and preferentially downregulated by pharmacologic transcriptional CDK inhibition, leading to cell death. To understand the underlying basis of this sensitivity, we dissect the brachyury transcription regulatory network and compare the consequences of brachyury degradation with transcriptional CDK inhibition. Brachyury defines the chordoma super-enhancer landscape and autoregulates through binding its super-enhancer, and its locus forms a transcriptional condensate. Transcriptional CDK inhibition and brachyury degradation disrupt brachyury autoregulation, leading to loss of its transcriptional condensate and transcriptional program. Compared with transcriptional CDK inhibition, which globally downregulates transcription, leading to cell death, brachyury degradation is much more selective, inducing senescence and sensitizing cells to anti-apoptotic inhibition. These data suggest that brachyury downregulation is a core tenet of transcriptional CDK inhibition and motivates developing strategies to target brachyury and its autoregulatory feedback loop. Brachyury defines the chordoma super-enhancer landscape Brachyury autoregulates through a transcriptional condensate CDK7/12/13i and brachyury degradation target the brachyury transcriptional condensate Brachyury degradation inhibits chordoma identity genes and induces senescence
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadley E. Sheppard
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Woojun D. Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M. Hamza Shamim
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Julien Dubrulle
- Integrated Microscopy Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hannah L. Johnson
- Integrated Microscopy Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fabio Stossi
- Integrated Microscopy Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | | | - Joan Levy
- Chordoma Foundation, Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | - Tanaz Sharifnia
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | | | - Behnam Nabet
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Paul A. Clemons
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Stuart L. Schreiber
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Richard A. Young
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Charles Y. Lin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Therapeutic Innovation Center, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Morato A, Martignani E, Miretti S, Baratta M, Accornero P. External and internal EGFR-activating signals drive mammary epithelial cells proliferation and viability. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 520:111081. [PMID: 33181234 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
During puberty, the mammary gland undergoes an intense growth, dependent on the interplay between the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) in the stroma and different mammary epithelial receptors. We hypothesize that EGFR expressed in the mammary epithelium also has a role in puberty and the epithelial cells can self-sustain by EGFR-mediated autocrine signaling. We adopted mammary cell lines from different species, as in vitro model for the epithelium, and we observed that EGFR-signaling positively affects their survival and proliferation. Once deprived of external growth factors, mammary cells still showed strong Erk 1/2 phosphorylation, abolished upon EGFR inhibition, coupled with a further reduction in survival and proliferation. Based on gene expression analysis, three EGFR-ligands (AREG, EREG and HBEGF) are likely to mediate this autocrine signaling. In conclusion, internal EGFR-activating signals sustain mammary epithelial cell proliferation and survival in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Morato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Eugenio Martignani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Silvia Miretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Mario Baratta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Paolo Accornero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xia B, Zhang H, Yang M, Du S, Wei J, Ding L. Leukamenin E Induces K8/18 Phosphorylation and Blocks the Assembly of Keratin Filament Networks Through ERK Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093164. [PMID: 32365802 PMCID: PMC7246489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukamenin E is a natural ent-kaurane diterpenoid isolated from Isodon racemosa (Hemsl) Hara that has been found to be a novel and potential keratin filament inhibitor, but its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we show that leukamenin E induces keratin filaments (KFs) depolymerization, largely independently of microfilament (MFs) and microtubules (MTs) in well-spread cells and inhibition of KFs assembly in spreading cells. These effects are accompanied by keratin phosphorylation at K8-Ser73/Ser431 and K18-Ser52 via the by extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) pathway in primary liver carcinoma cells (PLC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Moreover, leukamenin E increases soluble pK8-Ser73/Ser431, pK18-Ser52, and pan-keratin in the cytoplasmic supernatant by immunofluorescence imaging and Western blotting assay. Accordingly, leukamenin E inhibits the spreading and migration of cells. We propose that leukamenin E-induced keratin phosphorylation may interfere with the initiation of KFs assembly and block the formation of a new KFs network, leading to the inhibition of cell spreading. Leukamenin E is a potential target drug for inhibition of KFs assembly.
Collapse
|
14
|
任 思, 龙 璐, 许 成. [Interaction between PSF and cytokeratin 18 mediates PSF relocation to cell membrane and maintains chemosensitivity of myeloid leukemia]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2020; 52:214-220. [PMID: 32306001 PMCID: PMC7433459 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the chaperone of polypyrimidine tractor-binding protein-associated splicing factor (PSF) in myeloid leukemia cells, and to explore the mechanism and redistributive pattern to cell surface of PSF in chemo-sensitive HL60 cells and resistant HL60/DOX cells. METHODS The eukaryotic expression vector of PSF was transfected with liposomes transiently, then flow cytometry was used to detect the expression level of PSF on the cell surface 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after vector transfections. We constructed a chimeric expression vector, streptavidin binding peptide (SBP)-PSF, meanwhile this vector was transfected and made SBP-PSF fusion protein overexpress. In addition, we used streptavidin magnetic beads to precipitate the cellular chaperonin of PSF and then identified its chaperonin by mass spectrometry (MS). Lentiviral vectors containing cytokeratin18 (K18) interference sequences were transfected into 293T cells to prepare lentivirus. HL60 and HL60/DOX cells were infected with lentivirus to obtain stable interfering K18 cell lines. Next, flow cytometry was used to test the membrane relocation level of PSF. Together, these methods confirmed the similar or different mechanisms of the PSF redistributing to membrane synergistically mediated by K18 in HL60 and HL60/DOX cells. RESULTS The expression of membrane relocated PSF was detected every day for three days (at the end of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h) after transient overexpression. The expressing rate of PSF on the cell surface was 22.4%±3.5%, 37.9%±6.0%, 58.3%±8.8%, respectively in sensitive HL60 cells, while that was 4.7%±0.5%, 3.9%±0.6%, 2.9%±0.6% , respectively in resistant HL60/DOX cells. The difference of expressing rate on each day was significant, P<0.01. We identified K18 detected by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrum assay which was the cellular chaperone of PSF. We found that K18 knockdown decreased the PSF expression level which redistributed on cell surface from 48.9%±5.4% to 6.2%±1.0% in sensitive HL60 cells, and from 9.11%±1.2% to 2.21%±0.51% in resistant HL60/DOX cells, respectively. CONCLUSION K18 is the intracellular chaperonin of PSF. The interaction of PSF and K18 mediates its redistribution to cell membrane in sensitive cells. While in resistant cells, PSF failed to relocate at the cell surface and accumulated in cells, which mediated resistance to chemotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 思楣 任
- 北京医院 国家老年医学中心 国家卫生健康委员会临床检验中心 中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京 100730National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院研究生院,北京 100730Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 璐瑶 龙
- 北京医院 国家老年医学中心 国家卫生健康委员会临床检验中心 中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京 100730National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院研究生院,北京 100730Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 成山 许
- 北京医院 国家老年医学中心 国家卫生健康委员会临床检验中心 中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京 100730National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Özbek M, Bayraktaroğlu AG. Developmental study on the ileal Peyer's patches of sheep, and cytokeratin-18 as a possible marker for M cells in follicle associated epithelium. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:311-322. [PMID: 30745250 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Peyer's patches are known as the immune sensors of the intestine because of their ability to transport luminal antigens. The objective of this study was both to assess the prenatal and postnatal development of sheep ileal Peyer's patches with respect to histomorphology, distribution of CD4+ and CD8+ cells, and localization of proliferating and apoptotic cells, and to examine the morphology of M cells and expression of CK18 in follicle associated epithelium (FAE). We also hypothesized that CK18 could be a potential marker for M cell. Peyer's patches completed their histomorphological development in prenatal period and involuted in the postnatal period. The distribution of the CD4+ and CD8+ cells was similar in the last trimester of pregnancy (days 120-150) and the postnatal period, but differed in the early stages of foetal development (days 70-120). In the prenatal period, the follicular area displayed high levels of proliferation and apoptosis. We observed CK18 immunoreaction only in FAE. While M cells were devoid of microfolds in the early stages of the prenatal period, these cells acquired a prismatic shape and bore distinct apical microfolds in the late prenatal period and postnatal period. As a result, it was determined that, in sheep, the development of the ileal Peyer's patches occurred in the prenatal period, independent of exogenous antigenic stimulation, and in association with high levels of lymphopoiesis and apoptosis in the follicles. We found, for the first time, that CK18 is a novel and reliable marker for FAE in sheep ileal Peyer's patches. We suggest that CK18 positive cells in FAE are M cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Özbek
- Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Burdur, Turkey.
| | - Alev Gürol Bayraktaroğlu
- Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chae YJ, Jun DW, Lee JS, Saeed WK, Kang HT, Jang K, Lee JH. The Use of Foxa2-Overexpressing Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in a Scaffold System Attenuates Acute Liver Injury. Gut Liver 2019; 13:450-460. [PMID: 30602218 PMCID: PMC6622567 DOI: 10.5009/gnl18235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims For the clinical application of stem cell therapy, functional enhancement is needed to increase the survival rate and the engraftment rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate functional enhancement of the paracrine effect using stem cells and hepatocyte-like cells and to minimize stem cell homing by using a scaffold system in a liver disease model. Methods A microporator was used to overexpress Foxa2 in adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), which were cultured in a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold. Later, the ADSCs were cultured in hepatic differentiation medium for 2 weeks by a 3-step method. For in vivo experiments, Foxa2-overexpressing ADSCs were loaded in the scaffold, cultured in hepatic differentiation medium and later were implanted in the dorsa of nude mice subjected to acute liver injury (thioacetamide intraperitoneal injection). Results Foxa2-overexpressing ADSCs showed greater increases in hepatocyte-specific gene markers (alpha fetoprotein [AFP], cytokeratin 18 [CK18], and albumin), cytoplasmic glycogen storage, and cytochrome P450 expression than cells that underwent the conventional differentiation method. In vivo experiments using the nude mouse model showed that 2 weeks after scaffold implantation, the mRNA expression of AFP, CK18, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (CD26), and connexin 32 (CX32) was higher in the Foxa2-overexpressing ADSCs group than in the ADSCs group. The Foxa2-overexpressing ADSCs scaffold treatment group showed attenuated liver injury without stem cell homing in the thioacetamide-induced acute liver injury model. Conclusions Foxa2-overexpressing ADSCs applied in a scaffold system enhanced hepatocyte-like differentiation and attenuated acute liver damage in an acute liver injury model without homing effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ji Chae
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul,
Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jai Sun Lee
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Waqar Khalid Saeed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Hyeon Tae Kang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Kiseok Jang
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jin Ho Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials, Hannam University, Daejeon,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Aksoy EK, Şimşek GG, Torgutalp M, Sapmaz FP, Akpınar MY, Uzman M, Nazlıgül Y. Expression of M30 and M65 in celiac disease. Analytical cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2018; 136:525-532. [PMID: 30892483 PMCID: PMC9897131 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0241161118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of villous atrophy in apoptosis, a distinctive feature of celiac disease, is a matter of controversy. The aim of this study was to determine the apoptosis rate through immunohistochemical staining for M30 and M65 in celiac disease cases. DESIGN AND SETTING Analytical cross-sectional study in a tertiary-level center. METHODS Duodenal biopsies from 28 treatment-naive patients with celiac disease, 16 patients with potential celiac disease, 10 patients with a gluten-free diet and 8 controls were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for the end-apoptotic marker M30 and the total cell death marker M65. H-scores were compared. Several laboratory parameters were recorded concomitantly, and at the one-year follow-up for celiac disease and potential celiac disease patients. RESULTS There was a significant difference in H-score for M30 expression between the celiac disease, potential celiac disease and gluten-free diet groups (P = 0.009). There was no significant difference in H-score for M65 expression. There was a positive correlation between the H-score for M30 expression and the anti-tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A (anti-tTgIgA) and anti-tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin G (anti-tTgIgG) levels (R = 0.285, P = 0.036; and R = 0.307, P = 0.024, respectively); and between the H-score for M65 expression and the anti-tTgIgA and anti-tTgIgG levels (R = 0.265, P = 0.053; and R=0.314, P = 0.021, respectively). There was no difference between celiac disease and potential celiac disease patients regarding the laboratory parameters selected. CONCLUSION The rates of apoptosis and nutritional deficiencies in patients with potential celiac disease were similar to those in patients with celiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Kahramanoğlu Aksoy
- MD. Gastroenterologist, Department of Gastroenterology, Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Gülçin Güler Şimşek
- MD. Associate Professor and Pathologist, Department of Pathology, Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Murat Torgutalp
- MD. Rheumatological Researcher, Department Rheumatology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ferdane Pirinççi Sapmaz
- MD. Associate Professor and Gastroenterologist, Department of Gastroenterology, Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Muhammet Yener Akpınar
- MD. Gastroenterologist, Department of Gastroenterology, Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Metin Uzman
- MD. Associate Professor and Gastroenterologist, Department of Gastroenterology, Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Yaşar Nazlıgül
- MD. Professor and Gastroenterologist, Department of Gastroenterology, Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tong J, Mou S, Xiong L, Wang Z, Wang R, Weigand A, Yuan Q, Horch RE, Sun J, Yang J. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells formed acinar-like structure when stimulated with breast epithelial cells in three-dimensional culture. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204077. [PMID: 30335754 PMCID: PMC6193614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipotransfer has been applied in breast augmentation surgery for several years and the resident adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) play an important role in enhancing fat graft survival. However, the interaction between ASCs and mammary epithelium is not fully understood. Many studies have shown that ASCs have a tumor-supportive effect in breast cancer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the effect of mammary epithelial cells on the human ASCs in 3D culture. ASCs were cultivated on matrigel in the conditioned medium (CM) prepared from a human breast epithelial cell line (HBL-100). The ASCs formed KRT18-positive acini-like structures after stimulation with breast epithelial cells. The expression of epithelial genes (CDH1 and KRT18) was up-regulated while the expression of mesenchymal specific genes (CDH2 and VIM) was down-regulated as determined by qRT-PCR. The stemness marker (CD29) and angiogenic factors (CD31 and VEGF) were also down-regulated as examined by immunofluorescence. In addition, the CM obtained from HBL-100 enhanced the migration and inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of ASCs. These results demonstrate that ASCs have the ability to transform into epithelial-like cells when cultured with mammary epithelial cells. Given these observations, we infer that ASCs have a positive effect on lipotransfer, not only due to their ability to secrete growth factors, but also due to their direct participation in the formation of new breast tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Mou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingyun Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Annika Weigand
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen‐Nuernberg, FAU, Germany
| | - Quan Yuan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Raymund E. Horch
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen‐Nuernberg, FAU, Germany
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (JY); (JS)
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (JY); (JS)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lima LADO, Bittencourt LO, Puty B, Fernandes RM, Nascimento PC, Silva MCF, Alves-Junior SM, Pinheiro JDJV, Lima RR. Methylmercury Intoxication Promotes Metallothionein Response and Cell Damage in Salivary Glands of Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 185:135-142. [PMID: 29332268 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational mercury exposure is considered a major public health issue. Despite being well known that MeHg exposure causes adverse effects in several physiologic functions, MeHg effects on salivary glands still not completely elucidated. Here, we investigated the cellular MeHg-induced damage in the three major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual) of adult rats after chronic, systemic and low doses of MeHg exposure. Rats were exposed by 0.04 mg/kg/day over 60 days. After that, animals were euthanized and all three glands were collected. We evaluated total Hg accumulation, metallothionein I/II (MT I/II), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and cytokeratin 18 (CK18) immune expression. Our results have showed that MeHg is able to disrupt gland tissue and to induce a protective mechanism by MT I/II expression. We also showed that cell MT production is not enough to protect gland tissue against cellular structural damage seen by reducing marking of cytoskeletal proteins as CK18 and α-SMA. Our data suggest that chronic MeHg exposure in low-daily doses is able to induce cellular damage in rat salivary glands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leidiane Alencar de Oliveira Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Street Augusto Correa N. 01, Guamá, Belém, Para, 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Street Augusto Correa N. 01, Guamá, Belém, Para, 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Puty
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Street Augusto Correa N. 01, Guamá, Belém, Para, 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Monteiro Fernandes
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Street Augusto Correa N. 01, Guamá, Belém, Para, 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Cunha Nascimento
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Street Augusto Correa N. 01, Guamá, Belém, Para, 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Marcia Cristina Freitas Silva
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Street Augusto Correa N. 01, Guamá, Belém, Para, 66075-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Street Augusto Correa N. 01, Guamá, Belém, Para, 66075-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kyriakopoulos G, Tsaroucha AK, Valsami G, Lambropoulou M, Kostomitsopoulos N, Christodoulou E, Kakazanis Z, Anagnostopoulos C, Tsalikidis C, Simopoulos CE. Silibinin Improves TNF-α and M30 Expression and Histological Parameters in Rat Kidneys After Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion. J INVEST SURG 2018; 31:201-209. [PMID: 28418711 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2017.1308044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remote kidney damage is a sequel of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Silibinin is the main ingredient of the milk thistle plant seed extract with known antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity. Our study investigates the nephroprotective potential of intravenously administered silibinin, as a lyophilized SLB-hydoxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin product, in hepatic I/R injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS 63 Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Sham (virtual intervention); Control (45 min ischemia and reperfusion); and Silibinin (200 μL intravenous silibinin administration after 45 min of ischemia). Kidney tissues were collected to determine TNF-α, M30 and histopathological changes at predetermined time intervals. RESULTS Comparing Sham vs. Control groups, proved that hepatic I/R injury increased renal TNF-α and M30 expression. Deterioration was observed in hyperemia/filtration of renal parenchyma and tubules, cortical filtration, tubular necrosis and edema (tissue swelling index). Intravenous silibinin administration and comparison of the Control vs. Silibinin groups showed a statistically significant decrease in TNF-α levels at 240 min following I/R (p < 0.0001), and in M30 at 180 min (p = 0.03) and 240 min (p < 0.0001). Renal parameters have significantly decreased in: hyperemia/filtration of renal parenchyma at 120 min (p = 0.003), 180 min (p = 0.0001) and 240 min (p = 0.0002); hyperemia/filtration of renal tubules at 120 min (p = 0.02), 180 min (p = 0.0001) and 240 min (p = 0.0005); cortical filtration (240 min - p = 0.005); tubular necrosis (240 min - p = 0.021); and edema (240 min - p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Our study confirms that hepatic I/R injury causes remote renal damage while the intravenous administration of silibinin leads to statistically significant nephroprotective action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kyriakopoulos
- a Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandroupolis , Greece
| | - Alexandra K Tsaroucha
- a Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandroupolis , Greece
- b 2nd Department of Surgery and Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandroupolis , Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- c School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Greece
| | - Maria Lambropoulou
- d Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandroupolis , Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos
- e Department of Experimental Surgery , Bioresearch Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Eirini Christodoulou
- c School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Greece
| | - Zacharias Kakazanis
- e Department of Experimental Surgery , Bioresearch Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | | | - Christos Tsalikidis
- a Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandroupolis , Greece
| | - Constantinos E Simopoulos
- a Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandroupolis , Greece
- b 2nd Department of Surgery and Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandroupolis , Greece
- e Department of Experimental Surgery , Bioresearch Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
杨 博, 罗 庆, 康 权, 肖 程, 王 健, 李 志, 龚 梦, 毕 杨. [Tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-β 1 balance liver stem cell differentiation in cholestatic cirrhosis]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2018; 38:375-383. [PMID: 29735435 PMCID: PMC6765666 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.04.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in mice with cholestatic cirrhosis and their role in regulating the balance of liver stem cell differentiation. METHODS Balb/c mice were subjected to bile duct ligation (BDL), and serum biochemical parameters were measured and hepatic histopathology was observed using HE staining to evaluate the modeling of cholestatic cirrhosis. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the changes of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the mice after modeling. Mouse embryonic hepatic stem cells (HP14-19) were treated with different concentrations of TNF-α and TGF-β1, and the cell differentiation was assessed using Western blotting, real-time PCR, and PAS staining. RESULTS The mice receiving BDL showed significantly increased blood biochemical parameters (P<0.05), and HE staining revealed obviously increased collagen fibers in the liver with significantly increased expressions of TNF-α and TGF-β1 (P<0.05). In HP14-19 cells, induction with TNF-α and TGF-β1 for 3 days did not cause significant changes in cell differentiation, but induction for 5 days resulted in significantly increases intensity of PAS staining in the cells. The cells induced with 20, 40, and 80 ng/mL TNF-α for 5 days exhibited a significantly stronger expression of cytokeratin 18 than cytokeratin 19 (P<0.05), while induction with 20, 40, and 80 ng/mL TGF-β1 produced opposite changes in cytokeratin 18 and cytokeratin 19 expressions. Further induction of the cells with TNF-α and TGF-β1 for 10 days, did not alter the expression patterns of cytokeratin 18 and cytokeratin 19 observed on day 5, but their protein expression levels and PAS staining intensity of the cells were enhanced and their mRNA expressions became lowered. CONCLUSION Common bile duct ligation can induce conditions simulating cholestatic cirrhosis in mice. TNF-α and TGF-β1 are elevated in cholestatic cirrhosis and play opposite roles in regulating the differentiation balance of liver stem cells: the former promotes the differentiation of liver stem cells into hepatocytes, while the latter promotes the cell differentiation into colangiocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 博 杨
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 肝胆外科,重庆 400014Department of Hepatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 儿科研究所干细胞实验室//儿童发育疾病研究所教育部重点实验室//儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地//儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400014Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - 庆 罗
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 儿科研究所干细胞实验室//儿童发育疾病研究所教育部重点实验室//儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地//儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400014Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - 权 康
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 肝胆外科,重庆 400014Department of Hepatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 儿科研究所干细胞实验室//儿童发育疾病研究所教育部重点实验室//儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地//儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400014Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - 程 肖
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 儿科研究所干细胞实验室//儿童发育疾病研究所教育部重点实验室//儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地//儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400014Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - 健 王
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 肝胆外科,重庆 400014Department of Hepatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 儿科研究所干细胞实验室//儿童发育疾病研究所教育部重点实验室//儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地//儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400014Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - 志鹏 李
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 肝胆外科,重庆 400014Department of Hepatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 儿科研究所干细胞实验室//儿童发育疾病研究所教育部重点实验室//儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地//儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400014Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - 梦嘉 龚
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 儿科研究所干细胞实验室//儿童发育疾病研究所教育部重点实验室//儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地//儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400014Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - 杨 毕
- 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 儿科研究所干细胞实验室//儿童发育疾病研究所教育部重点实验室//儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地//儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400014Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fujiwara S, Matsui TS, Ohashi K, Deguchi S, Mizuno K. Solo, a RhoA-targeting guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is critical for hemidesmosome formation and acinar development in epithelial cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195124. [PMID: 29672603 PMCID: PMC5909619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-substrate adhesions are essential for various physiological processes, including embryonic development and maintenance of organ functions. Hemidesmosomes (HDs) are multiprotein complexes that attach epithelial cells to the basement membrane. Formation and remodeling of HDs are dependent on the surrounding mechanical environment; however, the upstream signaling mechanisms are not well understood. We recently reported that Solo (also known as ARHGEF40), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor targeting RhoA, binds to keratin8/18 (K8/K18) intermediate filaments, and that their interaction is important for force-induced actin and keratin cytoskeletal reorganization. In this study, we show that Solo co-precipitates with an HD protein, β4-integrin. Co-precipitation assays revealed that the central region (amino acids 330–1057) of Solo binds to the C-terminal region (1451–1752) of β4-integrin. Knockdown of Solo significantly suppressed HD formation in MCF10A mammary epithelial cells. Similarly, knockdown of K18 or treatment with Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), suppressed HD formation. As Solo knockdown or Y-27632 treatment is known to disorganize K8/K18 filaments, these results suggest that Solo is involved in HD formation by regulating K8/K18 filament organization via the RhoA-ROCK signaling pathway. We also showed that knockdown of Solo impairs acinar formation in MCF10A cells cultured in 3D Matrigel. In addition, Solo accumulated at the site of traction force generation in 2D-cultured MCF10A cells. Taken together, these results suggest that Solo plays a crucial role in HD formation and acinar development in epithelial cells by regulating mechanical force-induced RhoA activation and keratin filament organization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Fujiwara
- Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (SF); (SD); (KM)
| | - Tsubasa S. Matsui
- Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Ohashi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinji Deguchi
- Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail: (SF); (SD); (KM)
| | - Kensaku Mizuno
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- * E-mail: (SF); (SD); (KM)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Benmassaoud A, Ghali P, Cox J, Wong P, Szabo J, Deschenes M, Osikowicz M, Lebouche B, Klein MB, Sebastiani G. Screening for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by using cytokeratin 18 and transient elastography in HIV mono-infection. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191985. [PMID: 29381754 PMCID: PMC5790260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM HIV-infected individuals are at high risk of developing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a leading cause of end-stage liver disease in Western countries. Nonetheless, due to the invasiveness of liver biopsy, NASH remains poorly understood in HIV mono-infection. We aimed to characterize the prevalence and predictors of NASH in unselected HIV mono-infected patients by means of non-invasive diagnostic tools. METHODS HIV-infected adults without significant alcohol intake or co-infection with hepatitis B or C underwent a routine screening program employing transient elastography (TE) with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and the serum biomarker cytokeratin-18 (CK-18). NASH was diagnosed non-invasively as the coexistence of fatty liver (CAP ≥248 dB/m) and CK-18 >246 U/L. Identified cases of NASH were offered a diagnostic liver biopsy. Predictors of NASH were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS 202 consecutive HIV mono-infected patients were included. NASH was non-invasively diagnosed in 23 cases (11.4%). Among them, 17 underwent a liver biopsy, and histology confirmed NASH in all cases. The prevalence of NASH was higher in patients with hypertriglyceridemia (17.1%), insulin resistance defined by homeostasis model for assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (25%), those with detectable HIV viral load (42.9%) and those with elevated ALT (53.6%). After adjustment, higher HOMA-IR (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.43; p = 0.03) and ALT (aOR = 2.39, 95% CI 1.50-3.79; p<0.001) were independent predictors of NASH. CONCLUSIONS NASH, diagnosed by a non-invasive diagnostic approach employing CK-18 and TE with CAP, is common in unselected HIV mono-infected individuals, particularly in the presence of insulin resistance and elevated ALT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amine Benmassaoud
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Peter Ghali
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Joseph Cox
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Philip Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jason Szabo
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marc Deschenes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maria Osikowicz
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Bertrand Lebouche
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marina B. Klein
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Giada Sebastiani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chang SH, Huang HH, Kang PL, Wu YC, Chang MH, Kuo SM. In vitro and in vivo study of the application of volvox spheres to co-culture vehicles in liver tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:261-273. [PMID: 28941653 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Volvox sphere is a biomimetic concept of a natural Volvox, wherein a large outer sphere contains smaller inner spheres, which can encapsulate cells and provide a double-layer three-dimensional environment for culturing cells. This study simultaneously encapsulated rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and AML12 hepatocytes in volvox spheres and extensively evaluated the effects of various culturing modes on cell functions and fates. The results showed that compared with a static flask culture, MSCs encapsulated in volvox spheres differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells with a 2-fold increase in albumin (ALB) expression and a 2.5-fold increase in cytokeratin 18 expression in a dynamic bioreactor. Moreover, the restorative effects of volvox spheres encapsulating cells on retrorsine-exposed CCl4-induced liver injuries in rats were evaluated. The data presented significant reductions in AST and ALT levels after the implantation of volvox spheres encapsulating both MSCs and AML12 hepatocytes in vivo. In contrast to the negative control group, histopathological analysis demonstrated liver repair and formation of the new liver tissue in groups implanted with volvox spheres containing cells. These results demonstrate that liver cells implanted with volvox spheres encapsulating both MSCs and AML12 hepatocytes promote liver repair and liver tissue regeneration in liver failure caused by necrotizing agents such as retrorsine and CCl4. Hence, volvox spheres encapsulating MSCs and liver cells can be a promising and clinically effective therapy for liver injury. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this study, we used a volvox sphere, which is a unique design that mimics the natural Volvox, that consists of a large outer sphere that contains smaller inner spheres, which provide a three-dimensional environment to culture cells. The purpose of this study is to co-culture mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and AML12 liver cells in volvox spheres and evaluate two different culture methods, dynamic bioreactor and static culture flask,on the cultured cells. In addition, we aimed to evaluate the restorative effects of volvox spheres encapsulating MSCs and/or AML12 liver cells on rats with retrorsine-exposed CCl4-induced liver injuries. The results showed that MSCs encapsulated in volvox spheres differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells with a 2-fold increase in albumin expression and a 2.5-fold increase in cytokeratin 18 expression ina dynamic bioreactor. Moreover, the data presented significant reductions in AST and ALT levels after the implantation of volvox spheres encapsulating both MSCs and AML12 hepatocytes in vivo. In contrast to the negative control group, histopathological analysis demonstrated liver repair and formation of new liver tissue in groups implanted with volvox spheres containing cells. These results demonstrate that liver cells implanted with volvox spheres encapsulating both MSCs and AML12 hepatocytes promote liver repair and liver tissue regeneration in liver failure caused by necrotizing agents such as retrorsine and CCl4. Hence, volvox spheres encapsulating MSCs and liver cells can be a promising and clinically effective therapy for liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siou Han Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Han Hsiang Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Pei Leun Kang
- Cardiac Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu Chian Wu
- Kaohsiung Armed Force General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Taiwan; National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and Tourism, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Shyh Ming Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu SC, Lu HH, Fan HC, Wang HW, Chen HK, Lee FP, Yu CJ, Chu YH. The identification of the TRPM8 channel on primary culture of human nasal epithelial cells and its response to cooling. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7640. [PMID: 28767579 PMCID: PMC5626133 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been proposed that the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a cold-sensing TRP channel. However, its presence and its role in the nasal cavity have not yet been fully studied. METHODS Immunohistology was used to study TRPM8 receptors in both the nasal mucosa tissue and the primary cultures of human nasal cells. Cells from primary cultures were immunostained with antibodies to TRPM8, mucin, cytokeratin (CK)-14, CK-18, and vimentin. Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to determine the physiological role of TRPM8 in mucus production in the nasal cavity, with and without its agonist and antagonist. RESULTS The TRPM8 is clearly present in the epithelium, mucous glands, and vessels. No obvious TRPM8-immunoreactive cells were detected in the connective tissue. Immunostaining of cytospin preparations showed that epithelial cells test positive for CK-14, CK-18, TRPM8, and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC). Fibroblastic cells are stained negative for TRPM8. Secreted mucins in the cultured supernatant are detected after exposure to menthol and moderate cooling to 24°C. Both induce a statistically significant increase in the level of MUC5AC mRNA and mucin production. BCTC, a TRPM8 antagonist, has a statistically significant inhibitory effect on MUC5AC mRNA expression and MUC5AC protein production that is induced by menthol and moderate cooling to 24°C. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates that TRPM8 is present in the nasal epithelium. When it is activated by moderate cooling to 24°C or menthol, TRPM8 induces the secretion of mucin. This study shows that TRPM8 channels are important regulators of mucin production. Therefore, TRPM8 antagonists could be used to treat refractory rhinitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Cheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University
| | - Hsuan-Hsuan Lu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
| | - Hueng-Chuen Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tungs’ Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital
| | - Hsing-Won Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hang-Kang Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Fei-Peng Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
| | - Yueng-Hsiang Chu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Asri-Rezaei S, Dalir-Naghadeh B, Nazarizadeh A, Noori-Sabzikar Z. Comparative study of cardio-protective effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles and zinc sulfate in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 42:129-141. [PMID: 28595785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The cardio-protective effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zn NPs) against diabetes-induced cardiopathy were evaluated and compared with zinc sulfate (ZnSO4). A total of 120 Wistar rats were randomly categorized as healthy and diabetic groups. Then, the 2 groups were classified in 5 subgroups. The animals received oral supplementations containing different Zn NP (ie, doses of 1, 3, and 10mg/kg) and ZnSO4 (30mg/kg) concentrations over 8 weeks. Blood and cardiac tissue samples were collected in the different time intervals and subjected to biochemical and histopathological analysis. Zn NPs showed dual effects, as its middle dose played protective role and recovered cardiac damages evidenced by significant reduction of serum cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, lipoprotein (a), atherogenic index, TNF-α, cardiac MDA, B-type natriuretic peptide and caspase-3 activity. Apoptosis indices and histopathological features also were improved. However, the highest dose was found to be toxic and resulted in aggravation of the injuries. Another interesting finding is the ability of the higher doses of Zn-NPs (3 and 10mg/kg) to elevate cardiac zinc levels above the normal range in healthy animal. ZnSO4 also helped to recuperation of the damages, but the middle dose of Zn NPs was more efficient as compared to ZnSO4. Conclusively, Zn NPs have the potential for Zn delivery in diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Asri-Rezaei
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box 1177, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran.
| | - Bahram Dalir-Naghadeh
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box 1177, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Ali Nazarizadeh
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box 1177, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Zahra Noori-Sabzikar
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box 1177, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Santino P, Martignani E, Miretti S, Baratta M, Accornero P. Mechanisms of modulation of the Egr gene family in mammary epithelial cells of different species. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 247:87-96. [PMID: 28118985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the adult female, within the estrous cycle, the mammary gland undergoes multiple rounds of growth, with increased cellular proliferation, and involution, with increased apoptosis. The increase in proliferation is elicited by endocrine (Estrogen, Progesterone), as well as locally produced (epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, etc) growth factors. Among the genes that are modulated during cellular proliferation, immediate early genes play a fundamental role, being rapidly upregulated and then downregulated within the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, allowing the progression to the subsequent phases. Egrs (1-4) are immediate early genes that encode for transcription factors that promote, within different cell types and depending on the strength and duration of the stimuli, several different responses like mitogenesis, differentiation, apoptosis or even anti-apoptosis. In this work we have studied the mechanisms of modulation of the Egr family, in mammary epithelial cells of different origin (bovine, canine, feline, murine). Following stimulation with growth medium, Egr mRNA expression showed a strong upregulation reaching a peak at 45-60min, that rapidly declined. Among several cytokines, particularly important for mammary morphogenesis, that we have tested (EGF, IGF-I, insulin, estrogen, progesterone), only EGF upregulated Egrs to levels close to those elicited by growth medium. In order to understand how the Egr transcription factors were regulated, we have inhibited Erk 1/2 and PI3K, molecules that drive two major intracellular signaling pathways. Inhibition of the Erk 1/2 pathway totally abolished Egr upregulation mediated by growth medium or EGF. On the other hand, the PI3K-Akt pathway played a minor role on Egr levels, with a strong inhibitory effect on cat GH2 cells only, that could be ascribed to reduced Erk phosphorylation following PI3K inhibition. Finally we showed that addition of growth medium also upregulated that the mammary luminal marker cytokeratin 18, but only in the murine NMuMG cell line. This is the first manuscript describing how the Egr transcription factors are expressed in mammary epithelial cells of domestic animals and which growth factors and signaling pathways modulate their expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Santino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
| | - E Martignani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
| | - S Miretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
| | - M Baratta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
| | - P Accornero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang JF, Yeh ML, Huang CF, Huang CI, Tsai PC, Tai CM, Yang HL, Dai CY, Hsieh MH, Chen SC, Yu ML, Chuang WL. Cytokeratin-18 and uric acid predicts disease severity in Taiwanese nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174394. [PMID: 28472039 PMCID: PMC5417412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Identification of disease severity remains a challenge in the management of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Cytokeratin-18 (CK18), is a recently developed non-invasive biomarker for NASH. We aimed to assess the performance of CK18 in disease severity prediction among Taiwanese NASH patients. METHODS A total of 76 biopsy-proven NASH patients (54 males, age = 41.0 ± 13.5 years) were consecutively recruited. The optimal cutoff values of CK18 for each stage of fibrosis were correlated with their histopathological manifestations. RESULTS There were 23 (30.3%) patients of Metavir fibrosis stage 0 (F0), 32 (42.1%) patients of F1, 14 (18.4%) patients of F2, and 7 (9.2%) patients of F3-4, respectively. The CK18 levels among those patients of F0, F1, F2, F3-4 were 86.7 ± 75.6 U/L, 122.4 ± 123.8 U/L, 160.7 ± 120.4 U/L, and 507.3 ± 343 U/L, respectively (trend for P<0.001). The adjusted optimal cutoff value for F2 prediction was 312.5 U/L, yielding the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and the accuracy of 96.4%, 28.6%, 77.9%, 75%, and 77.6%, respectively (P = 0.009). For the prediction of advanced fibrosis (F3-4), the adjusted optimal cutoff value was 374.5 U/L, yielding the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and the accuracy of 97.1%, 54.1%, 95.7%, 66.7%, and 77.6%, respectively (P = 0.003). Among those patients without hyperuricemia, the PPV, NPV, and accuracy of CK18 reached 100%, 95.8%, and 96%, respectively (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS CK18 combined with uric acid measurement is a promising non-invasive biomarker for prediction of disease severity in NASH patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01068444.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-I Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Tai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Ling Yang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Hsieh
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Chern Chen
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Song Y, Sullivan T, Klarmann K, Gilbert D, O’Sullivan TN, Lu L, Wang S, Haines DC, Van Dyke T, Keller JR. RB inactivation in keratin 18 positive thymic epithelial cells promotes non-cell autonomous T cell hyperproliferation in genetically engineered mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171510. [PMID: 28158249 PMCID: PMC5291521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic epithelial cells (TEC), as part of thymic stroma, provide essential growth factors/cytokines and self-antigens to support T cell development and selection. Deletion of Rb family proteins in adult thymic stroma leads to T cell hyperplasia in vivo. To determine whether deletion of Rb specifically in keratin (K) 18 positive TEC was sufficient for thymocyte hyperplasia, we conditionally inactivated Rb and its family members p107 and p130 in K18+ TEC in genetically engineered mice (TgK18GT121; K18 mice). We found that thymocyte hyperproliferation was induced in mice with Rb inactivation in K18+ TEC, while normal T cell development was maintained; suggesting that inactivation of Rb specifically in K18+ TEC was sufficient and responsible for the phenotype. Transplantation of wild type bone marrow cells into mice with Rb inactivation in K18+ TEC resulted in donor T lymphocyte hyperplasia confirming the non-cell autonomous requirement for Rb proteins in K18+ TEC in regulating T cell proliferation. Our data suggests that thymic epithelial cells play an important role in regulating lymphoid proliferation and thymus size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Song
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Teresa Sullivan
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Klarmann
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Debra Gilbert
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - T. Norene O’Sullivan
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lucy Lu
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sophie Wang
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Diana C. Haines
- Pathology/ Histotechnology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Terry Van Dyke
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jonathan R. Keller
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dahanayaka S, Rezaei R, Porter WW, Johnson GA, Burghardt RC, Bazer FW, Hou YQ, Wu ZL, Wu G. Technical note: Isolation and characterization of porcine mammary epithelial cells. J Anim Sci 2016; 93:5186-93. [PMID: 26641038 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the mammary gland, functional synthesis of milk is performed by its epithelial (alveolar) cells. The availability of a stable mammary epithelial cell line is essential for biochemical studies to elucidate cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for nutritional regulation of lactation. Therefore, porcine mammary epithelial cells (PMEC) were isolated from mammary glands of a 9-mo-old nonpregnant and nonlactating gilt and cultured to establish a nonimmortalized cell line. These cells were characterized by expression of cytokeratin-18 (an intermediate filament specific for epithelial cells), β-casein (a specific marker for mammary epithelial cells), and α-lactalbumin. In culture, the PMEC doubled in number every 24 h and maintained a cobblestone morphology, typical for cultured epithelial cells, for at least 15 passages. Addition of 0.2 to 2 μg/mL prolactin to culture medium for 3 d induced the production of β-casein and α-lactalbumin by PMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, we have successfully developed a useful PMEC line for future studies of cellular and molecular regulation of milk synthesis by mammary epithelial cells of the sow.
Collapse
|
31
|
Xu XY, Chai JJ, Chen YP, Rui HL, Wang YY, Dong HR, Man YL, Cheng H. Hirsutella sinensis Attenuates Aristolochic Acid-Induced Renal Tubular Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Inhibiting TGF-β1 and Snail Expression. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149242. [PMID: 26890569 PMCID: PMC4759455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect of Hirsutella sinensis (HS) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells induced by aristolochic acid (AA) and its possible mechanism. METHODS 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into the following 3 groups: AA group, AA+HS group and control group. Urinary protein excretion and creatinine clearance (CCr) were measured. All rats were sacrificed at the end of 12th week. The pathological examination of renal tissue was performed and the mRNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), cytokeratin-18 and Snail in renal cortex were determined by real time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining respectively. In addition, human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells line (HKC) was divided into the following 4 groups: AA group, AA+HS group, HS control group and control group. The above mRNA and protein expression in HKC was determined by real time quantitative PCR and Western blot respectively. RESULTS (1) CCr was significantly decreased, and the urinary protein excretion and relative area of renal interstitial fibrosis were significantly increased in the rats of AA and AA+HS group compared to those in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01); all the above abnormalities significantly lightened in the rats of AA+HS group compared to those in AA group (P<0.05). (2) The mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA and Snail was significantly up-regulated and the expression of cytokeratin-18 was significantly down-regulated in the rat renal cortex as well as in the cultured HKC cells in AA and AA+HS groups compared to those in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01); all the above abnormalities significantly alleviated in AA+HS group compared to those in AA group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). (3) Knockdown endogenous Snail expression by siRNA could ameliorate AA-induced EMT of HKC cells, while overexpression of Snail by plasmid transfection diminished the antagonistic effect of HS on AA-induced EMT. These results suggest Snail might be a potential target of HS effect. CONCLUSION HS is able to antagonize, to some extent, tubular EMT and renal interstitial fibrosis caused by AA, which might be related to its inhibitory effects on the TGF-β1 and Snail expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-yi Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing-jing Chai
- Emergency Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yi-pu Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Hong-liang Rui
- Division of Nephrology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan-yan Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hong-rui Dong
- Division of Nephrology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu-lin Man
- Division of Nephrology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Division of Nephrology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yan X, Shi Y, Kou B, Zhu Z, Chai J, Chen D, Guo H. [Keratin 18 phosphorylation increases autophagy of colorectal cancer HCT116 cells and enhanced its sensitivity to oxaliplatin]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 32:34-38. [PMID: 26728375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the correlation between the phosphorylation of keratin 18 (K18) and the autophagy and apoptosis of HCT116 cells under the effect of oxaliplatin (OXA) and investigate its possible mechanism. METHODS HCT116 cells were transfected with empty plasmid, wild-type K18 expression plasmid and 33, 52 phosphorylation site mutated K18 (Ser33/52A) expression plasmid separately, and all cells were then treated with 60 μmol/L OXA, followed by supplementation of autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or autophagy inducer rapamycin. FITC-conjugated annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) double staining combined with flow cytometry, calcein-AM/PI staining were used to analyze the effects of K18 and its mutants on cell apoptosis; Western blotting was performed to detect the expressions of K18 phosphorylation, autophagy related proteins microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and beclin-1. RESULTS Transfection of Ser33/52A plasmid significantly reduced the level of K18 phosphorylation. After treated with OXA, the apoptosis rate of K18 plasmid transfected group was significantly higher than that of empty plasmid transfected group, while the apoptosis rate of Ser33/52A plasmid transfected HCT116 cells was significantly lower than that of empty plasmid or K18 plasmid transfected group. Compared with empty plasmid group, the autophagy of K18 plasmid transfected group was significantly promoted, while the autophagy in Ser33/52A plasmid transfected group was significantly inhibited. CONCLUSION K18 overexpression enhanced the autophagy in HCT116 cells and increased its sensitivity to OXA. The decrease of K18 ser33 and ser52 phosphorylation inhibited autophagy and decreased apoptosis of HCT116 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan 250117; School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Buxin Kou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Jie Chai
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Dexi Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hongliang Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan 250117, China. *Corresponding author, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Afrem MC, CrăiŢoiu Ş, Hîncu MC, Manolea HO, Nicolae V, CrăiŢoiu MM. Study of CK18 and GDF5 immunoexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their prognostic value. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2016; 57:167-172. [PMID: 27151703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral cavity cancer remains one of the most common cancers worldwide, with an increased incidence in young adults, although there has been lately a decrease tendency in the incidence of this form of cancer. Lingual localization has a very high mortality and tends to be more aggressive becoming frequently metastatic at the regional lymph nodes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and the reactivity to GDF5 (CDMP-1), called the morphogenetic protein-1, cartilage-derived, in lingual squamous cell carcinoma and the correlation between the immunoreactivity of this panel of antibodies, and the clinical stage, the degree of differentiation and the invasion pattern. In this regard, we studied the immunohistochemical behavior of these markers in 15 cases of lingual squamous cell carcinoma. In our study, we observed the correlation of CK18 and GDF5 expression with the clinical stage, differentiation degree and invasion pattern, the highest levels of immunoreactivity being recorded in poorly differentiated forms, in high-level invasion patterns and in the most advanced stages. The markers used can become therapeutic targets, which could help increase the quality of life and life expectancy for these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Cătălin Afrem
- Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zheng S, Yang J, Yang J, Tang Y, Shao Q, Guo L, Liu Q. Transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells via different routes in rats with acute liver failure. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:15854-15862. [PMID: 26884856 PMCID: PMC4730069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSC) in different routes in acute hepatic failure (ALF) in rats. METHODS hUCMSCs were isolated and identified by detection of surface antigens via flow cytometry. In T group and H group, ALF rats received hUCMSC transplantation through the tail vein and intrahepatic injection, respectively. In hUCMSC group, healthy rats received hUCMSCs transplantation via the tail vein. In ALF group, rats received injection of normal saline through the tail vein. RESULTS The TBil and ALT in ALF rats with and without transplantation were significantly higher than in healthy rats (P<0.05). HE staining of the liver showed obvious hepatocyte regeneration and reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, and liver pathology was improved in T group and H group as compared to ALF group. At 3 d after transplantation, CK18 expression was detectable in both H group and T group. At 1 w and 2 w, the mRNA expressions of CK8, CK18 and AFP in H group and T group were significantly different from those in ALF group (P<0.05). The liver function and differentiation of stem cells were comparable between H group and T group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION hUCMSCs transplantation can improve the liver function and promote the liver repair following ALF. hUCMSCs transplantation via tail vein has similar therapeutic efficacy to that through intrahepatic injection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650011, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650011, China
| | - Jinhui Yang
- Center for Liver Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650021, China
| | - Yingmei Tang
- Center for Liver Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650021, China
| | - Qinghua Shao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650011, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Scientific Research and Education, Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650011, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yang J, Xiong L, Wang R, Yuan Q, Xia Y, Sun J, Horch RE. In vitro expression of cytokeratin 18, 19 and tube formation of adipose-derived stem cells induced by the breast epithelial cell line HBL-100. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2827-31. [PMID: 26416346 PMCID: PMC4687699 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat transplantation is increasingly used in breast augmentation; and recently, the issue of safety concerns from a cellular and molecular point of view has been raised. In this study, attentions were paid to the interaction between adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) and mammary epithelial cells: human breast cancer cell line - 100 (HBL - 100) cells were used to simulate the normal microenvironment in breast tissue, ADSCs were harvest from human and co-cultured with HBL-100 cells. It was found that ADSCs formed tube-like structures in the co-culture with HBL-100 cells in contrast to the normal morphology of ADSCs in the control group. In addition, the immunofluorescence imaging showed that cytokeratin 18 and 19 (CK18 and 19) were significantly expressed in ADSCs after the co-culture with HBL-100 cells. The ultrastructure of those ADSCs also showed epithelial changes. In conclusion, ADSCs are not biological stable when co-cultured with HBL-100 cells. They differentiate into epithelial-like cells with the expression of epithelial surface marks (CK 18, 19) and form tube-like structures. This may offer an important evidence for the further study of clinical application of transplanting ADSCs rich adipose tissue into the breast in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong Science & Technology University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lingyun Xiong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong Science & Technology University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong Science & Technology University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong Science & Technology University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong Science & Technology University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong Science & Technology University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Raymund E Horch
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuernberg, FAU, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hashimoto K, Kim H, Oishi H, Chen M, Iskender I, Sakamoto J, Ohsumi A, Guan Z, Hwang D, Waddell TK, Cypel M, Liu M, Keshavjee S. Annexin V homodimer protects against ischemia reperfusion-induced acute lung injury in lung transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 151:861-869. [PMID: 26725713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that administration of a homodimer of recombinant annexin V, diannexin, could shield phosphatidylserine on the endothelium, and inhibit leukocyte and platelet adhesion, thereby potentially reducing ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in lung transplantation. This hypothesis was tested using a rat syngeneic single left-lung transplant model. METHODS Rats were randomly assigned to receive diannexin (DN group; n = 10) or normal saline (control group; n = 10). Diannexin (1000 μg/kg) was administered to the donor lung in the pulmonary flush solution, and to the recipient intravenously, 5 minutes after initiation of reperfusion. Grafts were reperfused for 2 hours. RESULTS The transplanted grafts in the DN group performed significantly better in gas exchange with higher partial pressure of oxygen (control group: 179 ± 121 vs DN group: 330 ± 54 mm Hg; P = .007) and lower partial pressure of carbon dioxide (control: 55.1 ± 26 vs DN: 34.2 ± 11 mm Hg; P = .04), as well as lower peak airway pressure (control: 20.5 ± 8.5 vs DN: 12.0 ± 7.9 cm H2O; P = .035) after 2 hours of reperfusion. Wet-to-dry lung weight ratio (P = .054), and alveolar fibrin deposition score (P = .04), were reduced in the DN group. Caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 in plasma (a marker of epithelial apoptosis) was significantly reduced in the DN group (P = .013). Furthermore, gene-expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the transplanted graft, including interleukin-6 (P = .04) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (P = .03) were significantly decreased in the DN group. CONCLUSIONS A homodimer of recombinant annexin V reduced ischemia reperfusion injury in a lung transplant animal model, by reducing cell death and tissue inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Hashimoto
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hyunhee Kim
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hisashi Oishi
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manyin Chen
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilker Iskender
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jin Sakamoto
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Akihiro Ohsumi
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zehong Guan
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Hwang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas K Waddell
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kim J, Kim KP, Lim KT, Lee SC, Yoon J, Song G, Hwang SI, Schöler HR, Cantz T, Han DW. Generation of integration-free induced hepatocyte-like cells from mouse fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15706. [PMID: 26503743 PMCID: PMC4621602 DOI: 10.1038/srep15706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to generate integration-free induced hepatocyte-like cells (iHeps) from somatic fibroblasts has the potential to advance their clinical application. Here, we have generated integration-free, functional, and expandable iHeps from mouse somatic fibroblasts. To elicit this direct conversion, we took advantage of an oriP/EBNA1-based episomal system to deliver a set of transcription factors, Gata4, Hnf1a, and Foxa3, to the fibroblasts. The established iHeps exhibit similar morphology, marker expression, and functional properties to primary hepatocytes. Furthermore, integration-free iHeps prolong the survival of fumarylacetoacetate-hydrolase-deficient (Fah(-/-)) mice after cell transplantation. Our study provides a novel concept for generating functional and expandable iHeps using a non-viral, non-integrating, plasmid-based system that could facilitate their pharmaceutical and biomedical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonghun Kim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Pyo Kim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kyung Tae Lim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chan Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyong Yoon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Guangqi Song
- REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Seon In Hwang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hans R. Schöler
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
- University of Münster, Medical Faculty, Domagkstrasse 3, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Cantz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
- REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Dong Wook Han
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
- KU Open-Innovation Center, Institute of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zhu Z, Yin T, Xuan X, Liu P, Li Q, DU Y. [Over-expression of CCL21 up-regulates the antigen presentation-related genes of CK8/18 positive thymic epithelial cells in patients with myasthenia gravis]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2015; 31:957-960. [PMID: 26146068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the distribution of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21 (CCL21) in the thymus of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and explore the effects of up-regulation of CCL21 on the expressions of antigen presentation-related genes in cytokeratin 8/18 (CK8/18) positive thymic epithelial cells (TECs) after transfected with CCL21 genes. METHODS The expressions and distributions of CK8/18 and CCL21 in the thymus tissue of MG patients were detected by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA levels of CCL21, CCL19 and their receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 7 (CCR7) in the thymus tissue of MG patients were determined by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Primary cultured CK8/18⁺ TECs were transfected with pCMV-CCL21, and the relative mRNA expressions of function-associated genes (CD80, ICAM-1, CD86, HLA-DR, HLA-A) in CK8/18⁺ TECs before and after the transfection were investigated by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Immunohistochemical results showed that the number of CK8/18 positive cells in the hyperplastic thymus tissues of MG patients was significantly more than that in the normal controls, and the protein expression of CCL21 was also much higher in the hyperplastic thymus tissues. The qRT-PCR showed that the expressions of CCL21 and CCR7 mRNA increased significantly in hyperplastic thymus tissues of MG patients compared with those in normal controls, while there was no difference in the expression of CCL19. Furthermore, CK8/18 positive cells were found mainly located in cortico-medullary junction and medulla area. The relative mRNA expression levels of HLA-A, HLA-DR, ICAM and CD80 rose significantly in CK8/18⁺ TECs after transfected with pCMV-CCL21. CONCLUSION The over-expression of CCL21 could increased the expressions of antigen presentation-related genes in CK8/18⁺ TECs in MG patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Juntao Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou City, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - Zhengkun Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Tingting Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Municipal Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xuan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qianru Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying DU
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Szabo S, Wögenstein KL, Österreicher CH, Guldiken N, Chen Y, Doler C, Wiche G, Boor P, Haybaeck J, Strnad P, Fuchs P. Epiplakin attenuates experimental mouse liver injury by chaperoning keratin reorganization. J Hepatol 2015; 62:1357-66. [PMID: 25617501 PMCID: PMC4451473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Epiplakin is a member of the plakin protein family and exclusively expressed in epithelial tissues where it binds to keratins. Epiplakin-deficient (Eppk1(-/-)) mice displayed no obvious spontaneous phenotype, but their keratinocytes showed a faster keratin network breakdown in response to stress. The role of epiplakin in the stressed liver remained to be elucidated. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and Eppk1(-/-) mice were subjected to common bile duct ligation (CBDL) or fed with a 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC)-containing diet. The importance of epiplakin during keratin reorganization was assessed in primary hepatocytes. RESULTS Our experiments revealed that epiplakin is expressed in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, and binds to keratin 8 (K8) and K18 via multiple domains. In several liver stress models epiplakin and K8 genes displayed identical expression patterns and transgenic K8 overexpression resulted in elevated hepatic epiplakin levels. After CBDL and DDC treatment, Eppk1(-/-) mice developed a more pronounced liver injury and their livers contained larger amounts of hepatocellular keratin granules, indicating impaired disease-induced keratin network reorganization. In line with these findings, primary Eppk1(-/-) hepatocytes showed increased formation of keratin aggregates after treatment with the phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid, a phenotype which was rescued by the chemical chaperone trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Finally, transfection experiments revealed that Eppk1(-/-) primary hepatocytes were less able to tolerate forced K8 overexpression and that TMAO treatment rescued this phenotype. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that epiplakin plays a protective role during experimental liver injuries by chaperoning disease-induced keratin reorganization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Szabo
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl L Wögenstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph H Österreicher
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nurdan Guldiken
- Department of Internal Medicine III and IZKF, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine III and IZKF, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Carina Doler
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Wiche
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Boor
- Division of Nephrology and Institute of Pathology, RWTH University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Pavel Strnad
- Department of Internal Medicine III and IZKF, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Fuchs
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang L, Wang Y, Wang X, Liu Y. Effect of allogeneic umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a rat model of hepatic cirrhosis. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2015; 35:63-8. [PMID: 25842730 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(15)30010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) transplantation, alone or in combination with tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) on hepatic cirrhosis in rats. METHODS A rat model of cirrhosis was established. Rats were divided into control, UCMSC, and UCSMC plus Tan IIA groups. Rats in the UCMSC group were injected via the tail vein with 0.2 mL Dil-labeled UCMSC suspension. Intraperitoneal Tan IIA injections (20 mg/kg) were started on the day of UCMSC transplantation in the UCMSC plus Tan IIA group, and continued for 7 consecutive days thereafter. Rats were sacrificed 1 day, 3 days, 1 month, and 3 months after transplantation and the numbers of Dil-labeled UCMSCs colonizing the liver were determined. Albumin (ALB) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured in venous blood, and mRNA and protein expression levels of human ALB and cytokeratin (CK)-18 in liver tissues were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. RESULTS Serum ALT levels were significantly lower and serum ALB levels significantly higher in rats in the UCMSC group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Hepatic CK-18 and ALB mRNA and protein expression levels increased after transplantation, and were significantly higher in the UCMSC plus Tan IIA group compared with the UCMSC group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Human UCMSCs transplanted into rats with liver cirrhosis can grow and differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells resulting in improved liver function in vivo. Tan IIA further influenced transplantation outcomes.
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang G, Cheng Q, Li C, Yang Y, Jia Y, Yue W, Pei X, Liu Y. [Induced differentiation of rat kidney stem cells into renal tubular epithelial cells]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2015; 35:163-167. [PMID: 25736106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the differentiation capability of kidney stem cells (KSCs) into renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs). METHODS KSCs isolated from the renal papilla of 4-week-old SD rats were co-cultured with hypoxia-exposed RTEC in induced medium (containing activin A, BMP-7, and retinoic acid) and renal epithelial cell growth medium (REGM) alternately. The KSCs cultured in MSC medium served as the control. The KSC differentiation rates in both groups were determined using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence assay and qRT-PCR. RESULTS Flow cytometry showed a CK-18 positive rate of 6.5Percnt; in the control KSC group and of 44.2% in the induced group. Immunofluorescence assay detected the positivity for mature epithelial cell markers CK-18, E-cadherin, and ZO-1 in the induced cells. The results of qRT-PCR showed significantly increased expression of E-cadherin and AQP-1 mRNAs in the induced cells compared with the control cells (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Rat KSCs can be induced to differentiate into RTECs in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Geriatric Nephrology, General Hospital of PLA, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Beijing 100853, China.E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Raoufil A, Aminil A, Azadbakht M, Farhadifar F, Rahram Nikhn Frrfin Fthi NF. Production of hepatocyte-like cells from human umbilical vein mesenchymal stem cells. Ital J Anat Embryol 2015; 120:150-161. [PMID: 27086414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The human umbilical vein, as a readily available stem cell source, is a good alternative to harvest mesenchymal stem cells. Human umbilical cord vein mesenchymal stem cells have recently been isolated and have demonstrated the ability to differentiate into various cell types such as fat, bone, cartilage and neuronal cells. In this study, we have investigated whether human umbilical cord vein mesenchymal stem cells are also able to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells. Hepatic differentiation was performed with a 2-step protocol and the use of hepatocyte growth factor and oncostatin M for cell culture. During four weeks of induction, most cells displayed a cuboidal morphology. Immunological analysis indicated that umbilical cord vein mesenchymal stem cells-derived hepatocyte-like cells expressed liver-specific protein markers such as albumin and cytokeratin-18. The hepatocyte-like cells also displayed several characteristics of hepatocytes, including expression of transthyretin, glucose 6-phosphatase, cytokeratin-8,18, alpha-fetoprotein, hepatocyte nuclear factor-3β and albumin. The result of indocyanine green cell uptake, as a test substance to evaluate hepatocyte-like cell function, was positive for differentiated cells. Glycogen storage was examined by periodic acid-Schiff staining. Accumulation of intracellular glycogen was detected in the hepatocyte-like cells. Based on these observations, we have concluded that umbilical cord vein mesenchymal stem cells are endowed with hepatogenic potential and may provide a stem cell source to be used as cell therapy for liver diseases.
Collapse
|
43
|
Cai Y, Xue Y, An RF. [The expression of EMT associated protein CK-18 and vimentin in gestational trophoblastic disease ]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2014; 45:960-1014. [PMID: 25571724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the expression and clinicopathologic features of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated protein of cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) and vimentin in gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to determine theexpression of CK-18 and vimentin in normal pregnancy villis (39 cases), hydatidiform mole (HM) (33 cases) and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) (invasive mole 27 cases and choriocarcinoma 5 cases). RESULTS The GTN group had significantly lower levels of CK-18 compared with the normal pregnancy villis group and the HM group (P<0. 01). Vimentin was weakly positive in all kinds of trophocyte. There was no significance among normal pregnancy villis, HM and GTN groups (P> 0. 05). In HM, expression level of CK18 was significantly lower with the increase of the pathological malignancy (P<0. 01). And in GTN, the expression of CK-18 was significantly lower with the increase of the tumor anatomy stage (P<0. 001). CONCLUSION The expression of CK-18 decreases with the increase of tropohblast malignancy, which indicates that CK-18 may be involved in malignant transformation of trophocytes and EMT may play an important role in the malignant transformation of GTN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiatong University, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Araujo TG, Marangoni K, Rocha RM, Maia YCP, Araujo GR, Alcântar TM, Alves PT, Calábria L, Neves AF, Soares FA, Goulart LR. Dynamic dialog between cytokeratin 18 and annexin A1 in breast cancer: a transcriptional disequilibrium. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:1178-84. [PMID: 25028131 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytokeratins (CKs) constitute the cytoskeletal network and are regulated by post-translational modifications, acting not only as a mechanical support, but also in cell signaling and regulatory processes. Signaling is mediated by CK-associated proteins, such as Annexin A1 (ANXA1), a ligand of the CK18/CK8 complex. ANXA1 has a pivotal role in cellular and immunological responses, and together with CK18 have been implicated in several processes related to malignant transformation in breast cancer (BC). Our aim was to demonstrate how their interaction might be linked to BC development. We investigated transcript levels, protein expression and distribution for both targets in breast tissues of 92 patients (42 BCs and 50 benign diseases) using qPCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. ANXA1 and CK18 mRNAs were inversely correlated, and their ratio in each TNM stage significantly differentiated BC from benign diseases (OR=5.62). These differences did not mirror tissue protein levels, but a significant dichotomous protein distribution in tumor tissues was observed, differing from the expected co-localization observed during cell homeostasis. The disequilibrium of transcriptional levels between ANXA1/CK18 and alterations in their tissue distribution are present either in initial events or tumor progression, which suggest a critical event in BC. The broken dialog between ANXA1 and CK18 in normal breast tissues may play a critical role in BC development, and together may be used as combined targets for BC diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaise G Araujo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Karina Marangoni
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Yara C P Maia
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Galber R Araujo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Tânia M Alcântar
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Hospital of Uberlandia, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Patrícia T Alves
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Luanda Calábria
- Obstetrics Division, Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Adriana F Neves
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Federal University of Goias, Catalao, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz R Goulart
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mu H, Lin KX, Zhao H, Xing S, Li C, Liu F, Lu HZ, Zhang Z, Sun YL, Yan XY, Cai JQ, Zhao XH. Identification of biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma by semiquantitative immunocytochemistry. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:5826-5838. [PMID: 24914343 PMCID: PMC4024792 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i19.5826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression of key biomarkers in hepatoma cell lines, tumor cells from patients’ blood samples, and tumor tissues.
METHODS: We performed the biomarker tests in two steps. First, cells plated on coverslips were used to assess biomarkers, and fluorescence intensities were calculated using the NIH Image J software. The measured values were analyzed using the SPSS 19.0 software to make comparisons among eight cell lines. Second, eighty-four individual samples were used to assess the biomarkers’ expression. Negative enrichment of the blood samples was performed, and karyocytes were isolated and dropped onto pre-treated glass slides for further analysis by immunofluorescence staining. Fluorescence intensities were compared among hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, chronic HBV-infected patients, and healthy controls following methods similar to those used for cell lines. The relationships between the expression of biomarkers and clinical pathological parameters were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation tests. In addition, we studied the distinct biomarkers’ expression with three-dimensional laser confocal microscopy reconstructions, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to understand the clinical significance of these biomarkers.
RESULTS: Microscopic examination and fluorescence intensity calculations indicated that cytokeratin 8/18/19 (CK) expression was significantly higher in six of the seven HCC cell lines examined than in the control cells, and the expression levels of asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) and glypican-3 (GPC3) were higher in all seven HCC cell lines than in the control. Cells obtained from HCC patients’ blood samples also displayed significantly higher expression levels of ASGPR, GPC3, and CK than cells from chronic HBV-infected patients or healthy controls; these proteins may be valuable surface biomarkers for identifying HCC circulating tumor cells isolated and enriched from the blood samples. The stem cell-like and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related biomarkers could be detected on the karyocyte slides. ASGPR and GPC3 were expressed at high levels, and thus three-dimensional reconstructions were used to observe their expression in detail. This analysis indicated that GPC3 was localized in the cytoplasm and membrane, but that ASGPR had a polar localization. Survival analyses showed that expression of GPC3 and ASGPR is associated with a patient’s overall survival (OS).
CONCLUSION: ASGPR, GPC3, and CK may be valuable HCC biomarkers for CTC detection; the expression of ASGPR and GPC3 might be helpful for understanding patients’ OS.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Asialoglycoprotein Receptor/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glypicans/metabolism
- Hepatitis B virus
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Keratin-18/metabolism
- Keratin-19/metabolism
- Keratin-8/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/mortality
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/metabolism
Collapse
|
46
|
Lustberg MB, Balasubramanian P, Miller B, Garcia-Villa A, Deighan C, Wu Y, Carothers S, Berger M, Ramaswamy B, Macrae ER, Wesolowski R, Layman RM, Mrozek E, Pan X, Summers TA, Shapiro CL, Chalmers JJ. Heterogeneous atypical cell populations are present in blood of metastatic breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:R23. [PMID: 24602188 PMCID: PMC4053256 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are commonly isolated from the blood by targeting the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) through positive selection. However, EpCAM can be downregulated during metastatic progression, or it can be initially not present. We designed the present prospective trial to characterize CTCs as well as other circulating cell populations in blood samples from women with metastatic breast cancer without EpCAM-dependent enrichment and/or isolation technology. METHODS A total of 32 patients with metastatic breast cancer were enrolled, and blood samples were processed using a previously described negative depletion immunomagnetic methodology. Samples from healthy volunteers were run as controls (n = 5). Multistep sequential labeling was performed to label and fix cell-surface markers followed by permeabilization for cytokeratins (CK) 8, 18 and 19. Multiparametric flow cytometry (FCM) analysis was conducted using a BD LSR II flow cytometer or a BD FACSAria II or FACSAria III cell sorter. Immunocytochemical staining on postenrichment specimens for DAPI, EpCAM, CD45, CK, epidermal growth factor receptor and vimentin was performed. Expression of these markers was visualized using confocal microscopy (CM). RESULTS CD45-negative/CK-positive (CD45- CK+) populations with EpCAM + and EpCAM - expression were identified with both FCM and CM from the negatively enriched patient samples. In addition, EpCAM + and EpCAM - populations that were CK + and coexpressing the pan-hematopoietic marker CD45 were also noted. There were more CK + EpCAM - events/ml than CK + EpCAM + events/ml in both the CD45- and CD45+ fractions (both statistically significant at P ≤ 0.0005). The number of CK + CD45- and CK + CD45+ events per milliliter in blood samples (regardless of EpCAM status) was higher in patient samples than in normal control samples (P ≤ 0.0005 and P ≤ 0.026, respectively). Further, a significant fraction of the CK + CD45+ events also expressed CD68, a marker associated with tumor-associated macrophages. Higher levels of CD45-CK + EpCAM - were associated with worse overall survival (P = 0.0292). CONCLUSIONS Metastatic breast cancer patients have atypical cells that are CK + EpCAM - circulating in their blood. Because a substantial number of these patients do not have EpCAM + CTCs, additional studies are needed to evaluate the role of EpCAM - circulating cells as a prognostic and predictive marker.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antigens, CD/blood
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/blood
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Antigens, Neoplasm/blood
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/blood
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/blood
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule
- ErbB Receptors/blood
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Keratin-18/blood
- Keratin-18/metabolism
- Keratin-19/blood
- Keratin-19/metabolism
- Keratin-8/blood
- Keratin-8/metabolism
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/blood
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/metabolism
- MCF-7 Cells
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Prospective Studies
- Vimentin/blood
- Vimentin/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam B Lustberg
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 1145 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
- The Breast Cancer Research Program, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 300 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Priya Balasubramanian
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 125A Koffolt Laboratories, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Brandon Miller
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 125A Koffolt Laboratories, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Alejandra Garcia-Villa
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 125A Koffolt Laboratories, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Clayton Deighan
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 125A Koffolt Laboratories, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yongqi Wu
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 125A Koffolt Laboratories, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sarah Carothers
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 1145 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
- The Breast Cancer Research Program, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 300 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael Berger
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 1145 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
- The Breast Cancer Research Program, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 300 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 1145 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
- The Breast Cancer Research Program, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 300 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Erin R Macrae
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 1145 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
- The Breast Cancer Research Program, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 300 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Robert Wesolowski
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 1145 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
- The Breast Cancer Research Program, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 300 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rachel M Layman
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 1145 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
- The Breast Cancer Research Program, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 300 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ewa Mrozek
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 1145 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
- The Breast Cancer Research Program, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 300 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xueliang Pan
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, 2012 Kenny Road, Columbus, OH 43221, USA
| | - Thomas A Summers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Charles L Shapiro
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 1145 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
- The Breast Cancer Research Program, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 300 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Chalmers
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 125A Koffolt Laboratories, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
D’Anselmi F, Masiello MG, Cucina A, Proietti S, Dinicola S, Pasqualato A, Ricci G, Dobrowolny G, Catizone A, Palombo A, Bizzarri M. Microenvironment promotes tumor cell reprogramming in human breast cancer cell lines. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83770. [PMID: 24386275 PMCID: PMC3875474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment drives mammary gland development and function, and may influence significantly both malignant behavior and cell growth of mammary cancer cells. By restoring context, and forcing cells to properly interpret native signals from the microenvironment, the cancer cell aberrant behavior can be quelled, and organization re-established. In order to restore functional and morphological differentiation, human mammary MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells were allowed to grow in a culture medium filled with a 10% of the albumen (EW, Egg White) from unfertilized chicken egg. That unique microenvironment behaves akin a 3D culture and induces MCF-7 cells to produce acini and branching duct-like structures, distinctive of mammary gland differentiation. EW-treated MDA-MB-231 cells developed buds of acini and duct-like structures. Both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells produced β-casein, a key milk component. Furthermore, E-cadherin expression was reactivated in MDA-MB-231 cells, as a consequence of the increased cdh1 expression; meanwhile β-catenin – a key cytoskeleton component – was displaced behind the inner cell membrane. Such modification hinders the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in MDA-MB-231 cells. This differentiating pathway is supported by the contemporary down-regulation of canonical pluripotency markers (Klf4, Nanog). Given that egg-conditioned medium behaves as a 3D-medium, it is likely that cancer phenotype reversion could be ascribed to the changed interactions between cells and their microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio D’Anselmi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Surgery “Pietro Valdoni”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Masiello
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cucina
- Department of Surgery “Pietro Valdoni”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Proietti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Dinicola
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Pasqualato
- Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Dobrowolny
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics-Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Catizone
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics-Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palombo
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Bizzarri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Italian Space Agency (ASI), Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kakuni M, Yamasaki C, Tachibana A, Yoshizane Y, Ishida Y, Tateno C. Chimeric mice with humanized livers: a unique tool for in vivo and in vitro enzyme induction studies. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 15:58-74. [PMID: 24362577 PMCID: PMC3907798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed in vivo and in vitro studies to determine the induction of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) using chimeric mice with humanized liver (PXB-mice®) and human hepatocytes isolated from the PXB-mice (PXB-cells), which were derived from the same donor. For the in vivo study, PXB-mice were injected with 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC, 2 or 20 mg/kg) or rifampicin (0.1 or 10 mg/kg) for four days. For the in vitro study, PXB-cells were incubated with 3-MC (10, 50, or 250 ng/mL) or with rifampicin (5 or 25 μg/mL). The CYP1A1 and 1A2, and CYP3A4 mRNA expression levels increased significantly in the PXB-mouse livers with 20 mg/kg of 3-MC (Cmax, 12.2 ng/mL), and 10 mg/kg rifampicin (Cmax, 6.9 μg/mL), respectively. The CYP1A1 mRNA expression level increased significantly in PXB-cells with 250 ng/mL of 3-MC, indicating lower sensitivity than in vivo. The CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 mRNA expression levels increased significantly with 50 ng/mL of 3-MC, and 5 μg/mL of rifampicin, respectively, which indicated that the sensitivities were similar between in vivo and in vitro studies. In conclusion, PXB-mice and PXB-cells provide a robust model as an intermediate between in vivo and in vitro human metabolic enzyme induction studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Kakuni
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan; E-Mails: (M.K.); (C.Y.); (A.T.); (Y.Y.); (Y.I.)
| | - Chihiro Yamasaki
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan; E-Mails: (M.K.); (C.Y.); (A.T.); (Y.Y.); (Y.I.)
| | - Asato Tachibana
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan; E-Mails: (M.K.); (C.Y.); (A.T.); (Y.Y.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yasumi Yoshizane
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan; E-Mails: (M.K.); (C.Y.); (A.T.); (Y.Y.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yuji Ishida
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan; E-Mails: (M.K.); (C.Y.); (A.T.); (Y.Y.); (Y.I.)
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Chise Tateno
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan; E-Mails: (M.K.); (C.Y.); (A.T.); (Y.Y.); (Y.I.)
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +81-82-431-0016; Fax: +81-82-431-0017
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sun S, Chen G, Xu M, Qiao Y, Zheng S. Differentiation and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplanted through the spleen in rats with portal hypertension. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83523. [PMID: 24340101 PMCID: PMC3858351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The goals of this paper were to evaluate the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into hepatocyte-like cells invitro, and to determine whether stem cells can migrate and plant into the liver with portal hypertension accompanied by the end-stage of liver disease. Methods BMSCs were isolated from rats and amplified with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF-4). The expression of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), cytokeratin 18 (CK-18), and albumin (ALB) was detected by immunofluorescence in induced cells. Rats were randomly divided into experimental (with common bile duct ligation) and control groups. After injection of fluorescence labeled cells, cell distribution was observed under a fluorescence microscope. The integrated optical density (IOD) and cell distribution scores were evaluated using Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. The portal pressure was measured before the rats were killed. Results After being induced with HGF and FGF-4, the Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and mitochondria all significantly increased in the fifth generation cells. Immunofluorescent analysis showed that the induced cells expressed AFP, CK-18, and ALB. BMSCs were stained by CM-Dil, and the labeling rate was as high as 95.5%. The portal pressure in experimental group was much higher than that of the control group (18.04±2.35 vs. 9.75±1.40cm H2O p<0.01). The IOD of transplanted cells in the experimental group was also significantly higher than that of the control group (11.30±2.09×105 vs. 2.93±0.88×105, p<0.01). In addition, the cell distribution score in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (1.99±0.36 vs. 2.36±0.27, P<0.05). Conclusions The combination of HGF and FGF-4 induces the differentiation of BMSCs into hepatocyte-like cells, which express AFP, CK-18, and ALB. In addition, the recruitment of BMSCs (after transplantation in the spleen) was improved in rats with portal hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Sun
- Surgical Department, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Surgical Department, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Menghua Xu
- Surgical Department, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Qiao
- Surgical Department, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Surgical Department, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dong Y, Guo LL, Liu F, Li F. [Secretory breast cancer in a 15-year-old boy: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2013; 42:768-769. [PMID: 24447558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
|