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Alcántara I, Somma A, Chalar G, Fabre A, Segura A, Achkar M, Arocena R, Aubriot L, Baladán C, Barrios M, Bonilla S, Burwood M, Calliari DL, Calvo C, Capurro L, Carballo C, Céspedes-Payret C, Conde D, Corrales N, Cremella B, Crisci C, Cuevas J, De Giacomi S, De León L, Delbene L, Díaz I, Fleitas V, González-Bergonzoni I, González-Madina L, González-Piana M, Goyenola G, Gutiérrez O, Haakonsson S, Iglesias C, Kruk C, Lacerot G, Langone J, Lepillanca F, Lucas C, Martigani F, Martínez de la Escalera G, Meerhoff M, Nogueira L, Olano H, Pacheco JP, Panario D, Piccini C, Quintans F, Teixeira de Mello F, Terradas L, Tesitore G, Vidal L, García-Rodríguez F. A reply to "Relevant factors in the eutrophication of the Uruguay River and the Río Negro". Sci Total Environ 2022; 818:151854. [PMID: 34826482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A recent paper by Beretta-Blanco and Carrasco-Letelier (2021) claims that agricultural eutrophication is not one of the main causes for cyanobacterial blooms in rivers and artificial reservoirs. By combining rivers of markedly different hydrological characteristics e.g., presence/absence and number of dams, river discharge and geological setting, the study speculates about the role of nutrients for modulating phytoplankton chlorophyll-a. Here, we identified serious flaws, from erratic and inaccurate data manipulation. The study did not define how erroneous original dataset values were treated, how the variables below the detection/quantification limit were numerically introduced, lack of mandatory variables for river studies such as flow and rainfall, arbitrary removal of pH > 7.5 values (which were not outliers), and finally how extreme values of other environmental variables were included. In addition, we identified conceptual and procedural mistakes such as biased construction/evaluation of model prediction capability. The study trained the model using pooled data from a short restricted lotic section of the (large) Uruguay River and from both lotic and reservoir domains of the Negro River, but then tested predictability within the (small) Cuareim River. Besides these methodological considerations, the article shows misinterpretations of the statistical correlation of cause and effect neglecting basic limnological knowledge of the ecology of harmful algal blooms (HABs) and international research on land use effects on freshwater quality. The argument that pH is a predictor variable for HABs neglects overwhelming basic paradigms of carbon fluxes and change in pH because of primary productivity. As a result, the article introduces the notion that HABs formation are not related to agricultural land use and water residence time and generate a great risk for the management of surface waterbodies. This reply also emphasizes the need for good practices of open data management, especially for public databases in view of external reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Alcántara
- Ud. Bioestadística, Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A Somma
- Polo de Ecología Fluvial, CENUR Litoral Norte sede Paysandú, Universidad de la República, Paysandú, Uruguay; Unidad Usinas de Montevideo, Área Tratamiento - Obras Sanitarias del Estado, Aguas Corrientes, Canelones, Uruguay
| | - G Chalar
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A Fabre
- ITR Suroeste, Universidad Tecnológica, La Paz, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - A Segura
- Modelización y Análisis de Recursos Naturales, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Rocha, Uruguay
| | - M Achkar
- LDSGAT, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - R Arocena
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - L Aubriot
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - C Baladán
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - M Barrios
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - S Bonilla
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M Burwood
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - D L Calliari
- Sección Oceanografía y Ecología Marina, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - C Calvo
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - L Capurro
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - C Carballo
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - C Céspedes-Payret
- UNCIEP, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - D Conde
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - N Corrales
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - B Cremella
- Laboratory of Environmental Analysis, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - C Crisci
- Modelización y Análisis de Recursos Naturales, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Rocha, Uruguay
| | - J Cuevas
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - S De Giacomi
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - L De León
- Ministerio de Ambiente - Dirección Nacional de Calidad y Evaluación Ambiental, Uruguay
| | - L Delbene
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - I Díaz
- LDSGAT, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - V Fleitas
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - I González-Bergonzoni
- Polo de Ecología Fluvial, CENUR Litoral Norte sede Paysandú, Universidad de la República, Paysandú, Uruguay
| | - L González-Madina
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay; Unidad Usinas de Montevideo, Área Tratamiento - Obras Sanitarias del Estado, Aguas Corrientes, Canelones, Uruguay
| | - M González-Piana
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - G Goyenola
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - O Gutiérrez
- UNCIEP, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - S Haakonsson
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - C Iglesias
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - C Kruk
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay; Modelización y Análisis de Recursos Naturales, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Rocha, Uruguay
| | - G Lacerot
- Ecología Funcional de Sistemas Acuáticos, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - J Langone
- Unidad Usinas de Montevideo, Área Tratamiento - Obras Sanitarias del Estado, Aguas Corrientes, Canelones, Uruguay
| | - F Lepillanca
- Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - C Lucas
- Polo de Ecología Fluvial, CENUR Litoral Norte sede Paysandú, Universidad de la República, Paysandú, Uruguay
| | - F Martigani
- Área Hidrobiología, Gerencia de Gestión de Laboratorios, OSE, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - G Martínez de la Escalera
- Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M Meerhoff
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay; Department of Biosciences, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - L Nogueira
- Unidad Usinas de Montevideo, Área Tratamiento - Obras Sanitarias del Estado, Aguas Corrientes, Canelones, Uruguay
| | - H Olano
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - J P Pacheco
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - D Panario
- UNCIEP, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - C Piccini
- Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - F Quintans
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - F Teixeira de Mello
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - L Terradas
- UNCIEP, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - G Tesitore
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - L Vidal
- Área Hidrobiología, Gerencia de Gestión de Laboratorios, OSE, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - F García-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Geociencias, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Rocha, Uruguay; Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Brazil.
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Díaz I, Pujols J, Cano E, Cuadrado R, Navarro N, Mateu E, Martín M. Assessment of three commercial ELISAs for the detection of antibodies against Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus at different stages of the immune response. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 234:110206. [PMID: 33601087 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Three commercial ELISAs -two based on spike (E1 and E3) and one on nucleocapsid protein (E2)-were used to analyze the development and persistence of antibodies against Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Seventy-five four-week-old PEDV-negative piglets were inoculated orally with a European G1b PEDV (INOC) and fourteen were kept as controls (CTRL). After the inoculation, E3 detected positive animals as soon as 7 days post inoculation (dpi), while the earliest detection with E1 and E2 was at 14 dpi. All samples were positive at 21 and 28 dpi using E1 and E3, respectively, while E2 failed to detect 23.3 % of the inoculated pigs at any time point. The percentages of positive samples were different through the study: E1 and E3 > E2 from 14 to 56 dpi; and E3 > E1 > E2 from 56 to 154 dpi (P < 0.05). Five months after the inoculation, E3 still detected 92.0 % (IC95 % = 85.1-98.8 %) of pigs as positive, while E1 and E2 detected only 27.0 % (IC95 % = 16.0-37.9 %) and 0%, respectively. The sensitivity for E2 never exceeded 0.62. Specificity was 1 for all ELISAs. These different outcomes could be related to the ELISA strategies (indirect versus competition), the antigens used, the cut-off, or to other intrinsic factors of each test. The observed differences could be of importance when assessing whether older animals, such as fatteners or gilts, had previously been in contact with PEDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - J Pujols
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E Cano
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R Cuadrado
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N Navarro
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E Mateu
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), UAB, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M Martín
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), UAB, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Abstract
Summary
Interventional effects for mediation analysis were proposed as a solution to the lack of identifiability of natural (in)direct effects in the presence of a mediator-outcome confounder affected by exposure. We present a theoretical and computational study of the properties of the interventional (in)direct effect estimands based on the efficient influence function in the nonparametric statistical model. We use the efficient influence function to develop two asymptotically optimal nonparametric estimators that leverage data-adaptive regression for the estimation of nuisance parameters: a one-step estimator and a targeted minimum loss estimator. We further present results establishing the conditions under which these estimators are consistent, multiply robust, $n^{1/2}$-consistent and efficient. We illustrate the finite-sample performance of the estimators and corroborate our theoretical results in a simulation study. We also demonstrate the use of the estimators in our motivating application to elucidate the mechanisms behind the unintended harmful effects that a housing intervention had on risky behaviour in adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Healthcare Policy & Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, 425 East 61st Street, New York, New York 10065, U.S.A
| | - N S Hejazi
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California 94720, U.S.A
| | - K E Rudolph
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, U.S.A
| | - M J van Der Laan
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California 94720, U.S.A
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Sánchez-Carvajal JM, Rodríguez-Gómez IM, Ruedas-Torres I, Larenas-Muñoz F, Díaz I, Revilla C, Mateu E, Domínguez J, Martín-Valls G, Barranco I, Pallarés FJ, Carrasco L, Gómez-Laguna J. Activation of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in lung tissue injury during the acute phase of PRRSV-1 infection with the virulent strain Lena. Vet Microbiol 2020; 246:108744. [PMID: 32605751 PMCID: PMC7265841 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lena virulent strain caused an increase in sera levels of IFN-γ and IL-6. Lung viral load and PRRSV-N-protein+ cells were inversely correlated with CD163+ macrophages in the lung. CD14+ cells infiltrated interstitium to possibly replenish macrophages subsets. Lena-induced microscopic lung injury was linked to an increase of iNOS+ cells. The increase of CD200R1+ and FoxP3+ cells was associated with the course of lung injury.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) plays a key role in porcine respiratory disease complex modulating the host immune response and favouring secondary bacterial infections. Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) are the main cells supporting PRRSV replication, with CD163 as the essential receptor for viral infection. Although interstitial pneumonia is by far the representative lung lesion, suppurative bronchopneumonia is described for PRRSV virulent strains. This research explores the role of several immune markers potentially involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response and sensitisation of lung to secondary bacterial infections by PRRSV-1 strains of different virulence. Conventional pigs were intranasally inoculated with the virulent subtype 3 Lena strain or the low virulent subtype 1 3249 strain and euthanised at 1, 3, 6 and 8 dpi. Lena-infected pigs exhibited more severe clinical signs, macroscopic lung score and viraemia associated with an increase of IL-6 and IFN-γ in sera compared to 3249-infected pigs. Extensive areas of lung consolidation corresponding with suppurative bronchopneumonia were observed in Lena-infected pigs. Lung viral load and PRRSV-N-protein+ cells were always higher in Lena-infected animals. PRRSV-N-protein+ cells were linked to a marked drop of CD163+ macrophages. The number of CD14+ and iNOS+ cells gradually increased along PRRSV-1 infection, being more evident in Lena-infected pigs. The frequency of CD200R1+ and FoxP3+ cells peaked late in both PRRSV-1 strains, with a strong correlation between CD200R1+ cells and lung injury in Lena-infected pigs. These results highlight the role of molecules involved in the earlier and higher extent of lung lesions in piglets infected with the virulent Lena strain, pointing out the activation of routes potentially involved in the restraint of the local inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sánchez-Carvajal
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - I M Rodríguez-Gómez
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - I Ruedas-Torres
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - F Larenas-Muñoz
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - I Díaz
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries - Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - C Revilla
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Mateu
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries - Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J Domínguez
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Martín-Valls
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - I Barranco
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - F J Pallarés
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - L Carrasco
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J Gómez-Laguna
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
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Pernia M, Díaz I, Colmenárez-Raga AC, Rivadulla C, Cudeiro J, Plaza I, Merchán MA. Cross-modal reaction of auditory and visual cortices after long-term bilateral hearing deprivation in the rat. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:129-148. [PMID: 31781971 PMCID: PMC6957565 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01991-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Visual cortex (VC) over-activation analysed by evoked responses has been demonstrated in congenital deafness and after long-term acquired hearing loss in humans. However, permanent hearing deprivation has not yet been explored in animal models. Thus, the present study aimed to examine functional and molecular changes underlying the visual and auditory cross-modal reaction. For such purpose, we analysed cortical visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and the gene expression (RT-qPCR) of a set of markers for neuronal activation (c-Fos) and activity-dependent homeostatic compensation (Arc/Arg3.1). To determine the state of excitation and inhibition, we performed RT-qPCR and quantitative immunocytochemistry for excitatory (receptor subunits GluA2/3) and inhibitory (GABAA-α1, GABAB-R2, GAD65/67 and parvalbumin-PV) markers. VC over-activation was demonstrated by a significant increase in VEPs wave N1 and by up-regulation of the activity-dependent early genes c-Fos and Arc/Arg3.1 (thus confirming, by RT-qPCR, our previously published immunocytochemical results). GluA2 gene and protein expression were significantly increased in the auditory cortex (AC), particularly in layers 2/3 pyramidal neurons, but inhibitory markers (GAD65/67 and PV-GABA interneurons) were also significantly upregulated in the AC, indicating a concurrent increase in inhibition. Therefore, after permanent hearing loss in the rat, the VC is not only over-activated but also potentially balanced by homeostatic regulation, while excitatory and inhibitory markers remain imbalanced in the AC, most likely resulting from changes in horizontal intermodal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pernia
- Instituto de Neurociencias of Castilla y León-INCyL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - I Díaz
- Instituto de Neurociencias of Castilla y León-INCyL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - A C Colmenárez-Raga
- Instituto de Neurociencias of Castilla y León-INCyL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - C Rivadulla
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de A Coruña and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - J Cudeiro
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de A Coruña and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - I Plaza
- Instituto de Neurociencias of Castilla y León-INCyL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M A Merchán
- Instituto de Neurociencias of Castilla y León-INCyL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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Díaz I, Savenkov O, Ballman K. Targeted learning ensembles for optimal individualized treatment rules with time-to-event outcomes. Biometrika 2018; 105:723-738. [PMID: 30799874 PMCID: PMC6374011 DOI: 10.1093/biomet/asy017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We consider estimation of an optimal individualized treatment rule when a high-dimensional vector of baseline variables is available. Our optimality criterion is with respect to delaying the expected time to occurrence of an event of interest. We use semiparametric efficiency theory to construct estimators with properties such as double robustness. We propose two estimators of the optimal rule, which arise from considering two loss functions aimed at directly estimating the conditional treatment effect and recasting the problem in terms of weighted classification using the 0-1 loss function. Our estimated rules are ensembles that minimize the crossvalidated risk of a linear combination in a user-supplied library of candidate estimators. We prove oracle inequalities bounding the finite-sample excess risk of the estimator. The bounds depend on the excess risk of the oracle selector and a doubly robust term related to estimation of the nuisance parameters. We discuss the convergence rates of our estimator to the oracle selector, and illustrate our methods by analysis of a phase III randomized study testing the efficacy of a new therapy for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- Division of Biostatistics, Weill Cornell Medicine, 402 East 67th Street, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | - O Savenkov
- Division of Biostatistics, Weill Cornell Medicine, 402 East 67th Street, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | - K Ballman
- Division of Biostatistics, Weill Cornell Medicine, 402 East 67th Street, New York, New York, U.S.A
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Caballero F, Puig M, Leal J, Trejo O, Díaz I, Herrera S, Turbau M, Ris J, Benito S. A helpful approach to organ donation: From end-of-life care to effective organ transplantation. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:528-529. [PMID: 28891206 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Caballero
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Puig
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Leal
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Trejo
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Díaz
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Herrera
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Turbau
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Ris
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Benito
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Bóbeda G, Combarro E, Mazza S, Giménez L, Díaz I. Using regression trees to predict citrus load balancing accuracy and costs. INT J COMPUT INT SYS 2018. [DOI: 10.2991/ijcis.2018.25905183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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10
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Arango RB, Campos AM, Combarro EF, Canas ER, Díaz I. Identification of Agricultural Management Zones Through Clustering Algorithms with Thermal and Multispectral Satellite Imagery. INT J UNCERTAIN FUZZ 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s0218488517400062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Precision Agriculture entails the appropriate management of the inherent variability of soil and crops, resulting in an increase of economic benefits and a reduction of environmental impact. However, site-specific treatments require maps of the soil variability to identify areas of land that share similar properties. In order to produce these maps, we propose a cost-efficient method that combines clustering algorithms with publicly available satellite imagery. The method does not require exploring the parcels with any special equipment or taking samples of the soil for laboratory analysis. The proposed method was tested in a case study for three vineyard parcels with topographical dissimilarities. The study compares different spectral and thermal bands from the Landsat 8 satellite as well as vegetation and moisture indices to determine which one produces the best clustering. The experimental results seem promising for identification of agricultural management zones. The findings suggest that thermal bands produce better clustering than those based on the NDVI index.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. B. Arango
- Computer Science Department, University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - A. M. Campos
- Computer Science Department, University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - E. F. Combarro
- Computer Science Department, University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - E. R. Canas
- Technical Direction, Bodegas Terras Gauda, Spain
| | - I. Díaz
- Computer Science Department, University of Oviedo, Spain
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11
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Cortey M, Díaz I, Martín-Valls G, Mateu E. Next-generation sequencing as a tool for the study of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) macro- and micro- molecular epidemiology. Vet Microbiol 2017; 209:5-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Candel FJ, Peñuelas M, Lejárraga C, Emilov T, Rico C, Díaz I, Lázaro C, Viñuela-Prieto JM, Matesanz M. Update in Infectious Diseases 2017. Rev Esp Quimioter 2017; 30 Suppl 1:1-7. [PMID: 28882006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance in complex models of continuous infection is a current issue. The update 2017 course addresses about microbiological, epidemiological and clinical aspects useful for a current approach to infectious disease. During the last year, nosocomial pneumonia approach guides, recommendations for management of yeast and filamentous fungal infections, review papers on the empirical approach to peritonitis and extensive guidelines on stewardship have been published. HIV infection is being treated before and more intensively. The implementation of molecular biology, spectrometry and inmunology to traditional techniques of staining and culture achieve a better and faster microbiological diagnosis. Finally, the infection is increasingly integrated, assessing non-antibiotic aspects in the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Candel
- Francisco Javier Candel González. Servicio de Microbiología Clínica. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Universidad Complutense. Madrid. Avda Doctor Martín Lágos s/n28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
The prick test is one of the most common medical methods for diagnosing allergies, and it has been carried out in a similar and laborious manner over many decades. In an attempt to standardize the reading of the test, many researchers have tried to automate the process of measuring the allergic reactions found by developing systems and algorithms based on multiple technologies. This work reviews the techniques for automatic wheal measurement with the aim of pointing out their advantages and disadvantages and the progress in the field. Furthermore, it provides a classification scheme for the different technologies applied. The works discussed herein provide evidence that significant challenges still exist for the development of an automatic wheal measurement system that not only helps allergists in their medical practice but also allows for the standardization of the reading and data exchange. As such, the aim of the work was to serve as guideline for the development of a proper and feasible system.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Justo
- CEIT and TECNUN; University of Navarra; San Sebastián Spain
| | - I. Díaz
- CEIT and TECNUN; University of Navarra; San Sebastián Spain
| | - J. J. Gil
- CEIT and TECNUN; University of Navarra; San Sebastián Spain
| | - G. Gastaminza
- Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology; Clínica Universidad de Navarra; University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
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Carrera-Chapela F, Donoso-Bravo A, Jeison D, Díaz I, Gonzalez J, Ruiz-Filippi G. Development, identification and validation of a mathematical model of anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge focusing on H 2 S formation and transfer. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Mamo W, Chebude Y, Márquez-Álvarez C, Díaz I, Sastre E. Comparison of glucose conversion to 5-HMF using different modified mordenites in ionic liquid and biphasic media. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy02070k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Modified mordenites have been used in the direct conversion of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in two different media: the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([BMIM]Br) and a biphasic system composed of water–acetone and ethyl acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Mamo
- Chemistry Department
- Addis Ababa University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
| | - Y. Chebude
- Chemistry Department
- Addis Ababa University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
| | | | - I. Díaz
- Chemistry Department
- Addis Ababa University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica
| | - E. Sastre
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica
- CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
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16
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Diez-Martín F, Sánchez Yustos P, Uribelarrea D, Baquedano E, Mark DF, Mabulla A, Fraile C, Duque J, Díaz I, Pérez-González A, Yravedra J, Egeland CP, Organista E, Domínguez-Rodrigo M. The Origin of The Acheulean: The 1.7 Million-Year-Old Site of FLK West, Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania). Sci Rep 2015; 5:17839. [PMID: 26639785 PMCID: PMC4671088 DOI: 10.1038/srep17839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of the Acheulean is one of the hallmarks of human evolution. It represents the emergence of a complex behavior, expressed in the recurrent manufacture of large-sized tools, with standardized forms, implying more advance forethought and planning by hominins than those required by the precedent Oldowan technology. The earliest known evidence of this technology dates back to c. 1.7 Ma. and is limited to two sites (Kokiselei [Kenya] and Konso [Ethiopia]), both of which lack functionally-associated fauna. The functionality of these earliest Acheulean assemblages remains unknown. Here we present the discovery of another early Acheulean site also dating to c. 1.7 Ma from Olduvai Gorge. This site provides evidence of the earliest steps in developing the Acheulean technology and is the oldest Acheulean site in which stone tools occur spatially and functionally associated with the exploitation of fauna. Simple and elaborate large-cutting tools (LCT) and bifacial handaxes co-exist at FLK West, showing that complex cognition was present from the earliest stages of the Acheulean. Here we provide a detailed technological study and evidence of the use of these tools on the butchery and consumption of fauna, probably by early Homo erectus sensu lato.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Diez-Martín
- Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Valladolid, Pza. del Campus, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - P Sánchez Yustos
- Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Valladolid, Pza. del Campus, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - D Uribelarrea
- Department of Geodynamics, Complutense University, c/José Antonio Novás 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Baquedano
- Museo Arqueológico Regional, Plaza de las Bernardas s/n, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- IDEA (Instituto de Evolución en África), Museo de los Orígenes, Plaza de San Andrés 2, 28005 Madrid, Spain
| | - D F Mark
- NERC Argon Isotope Facility, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), East Kilbride, Scotland, G75 0QF, UK
| | - A Mabulla
- Archaeology Unit, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35050 Tanzania
| | - C Fraile
- Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Valladolid, Pza. del Campus, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - J Duque
- Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Valladolid, Pza. del Campus, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - I Díaz
- Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Valladolid, Pza. del Campus, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - A Pérez-González
- Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana, CENIEH. Pza. Sierra de Atapuerca s/n, 09002 Burgos, Spain
| | - J Yravedra
- Department of Prehistory, Complutense University, Prof. Aranguren s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C P Egeland
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, USA
| | - E Organista
- Department of Prehistory, Complutense University, Prof. Aranguren s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Domínguez-Rodrigo
- IDEA (Instituto de Evolución en África), Museo de los Orígenes, Plaza de San Andrés 2, 28005 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Prehistory, Complutense University, Prof. Aranguren s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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17
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de Pedro M, Morán J, Díaz I, Murias L, Fernández- Plaza C, González C, Díaz E. Circadian Kisspeptin expression in human term placenta. Placenta 2015; 36:1337-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Díaz I, Ramos I, Fdz-Polanco M. Economic analysis of microaerobic removal of H2S from biogas in full-scale sludge digesters. Bioresour Technol 2015; 192:280-286. [PMID: 26046427 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The application of microaerobic conditions during sludge digestion has been proven to be an efficient method for H2S removal from biogas. In this study, three microaerobic treatments were considered as an alternative to the technique of biogas desulfurization applied (FeCl3 dosing to the digesters) in a WWTP comprising three full-scale anaerobic reactors treating sewage sludge, depending on the reactant: pure O2 from cryogenic tanks, concentrated O2 from PSA generators, and air. These alternatives were compared in terms of net present value (NPV) with a fourth scenario consisting in the utilization of iron-sponge-bed filter inoculated with thiobacteria. The analysis revealed that the most profitable alternative to FeCl3 addition was the injection of concentrated O2 (0.0019 €/m(3) biogas), and this scenario presented the highest robustness towards variations in the price of FeCl3, electricity, and in the H2S concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - I Ramos
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - M Fdz-Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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19
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Díaz I, Pérez C, Alfaro N, Fdz-Polanco F. A feasibility study on the bioconversion of CO2 and H2 to biomethane by gas sparging through polymeric membranes. Bioresour Technol 2015; 185:246-53. [PMID: 25770473 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the potential of a pilot hollow-fiber membrane bioreactor for the conversion of H2 and CO2 to CH4 was evaluated. The system transformed 95% of H2 and CO2 fed at a maximum loading rate of 40.2 [Formula: see text] and produced 0.22m(3) of CH4 per m(3) of H2 fed at thermophilic conditions. H2 mass transfer to the liquid phase was identified as the limiting step for the conversion, and kLa values of 430h(-1) were reached in the bioreactor by sparging gas through the membrane module. A simulation showed that the bioreactor could upgrade biogas at a rate of 25m(3)/mR(3)d, increasing the CH4 concentration from 60 to 95%v. This proof-of-concept study verified that gas sparging through a membrane module can efficiently transfer H2 from gas to liquid phase and that the conversion of H2 and CO2 to biomethane is feasible on a pilot scale at noteworthy load rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - C Pérez
- Department of Process Engineering, Ros Roca Indox Cryo Energy S.L., Spain
| | - N Alfaro
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - F Fdz-Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Realini C, Guàrdia M, Díaz I, García-Regueiro J, Arnau J. Effects of acerola fruit extract on sensory and shelf-life of salted beef patties from grinds differing in fatty acid composition. Meat Sci 2015; 99:18-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gascón V, Díaz I, Blanco RM, Márquez-Álvarez C. Hybrid periodic mesoporous organosilica designed to improve the properties of immobilized enzymes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05362a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid organosilica supports synthesized with pore size adjusted to enzyme dimensions provide high stability in organic solvent systems and prevent leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Gascón
- Molecular Sieves Group. Institute of Catalysis and Petroleum Chemistry (ICP-CSIC)
- Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Díaz
- Molecular Sieves Group. Institute of Catalysis and Petroleum Chemistry (ICP-CSIC)
- Madrid, Spain
| | - R. M. Blanco
- Molecular Sieves Group. Institute of Catalysis and Petroleum Chemistry (ICP-CSIC)
- Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Márquez-Álvarez
- Molecular Sieves Group. Institute of Catalysis and Petroleum Chemistry (ICP-CSIC)
- Madrid, Spain
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Pena RN, Noguera JL, Casellas J, Díaz I, Fernández AI, Folch JM, Ibáñez-Escriche N. Transcriptional analysis of intramuscular fatty acid composition in the longissimus thoracis muscle of Iberian × Landrace back-crossed pigs. Anim Genet 2013; 44:648-60. [PMID: 23826865 DOI: 10.1111/age.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at identifying differential gene expression conditional on the fatty acid profile of the longissimus thoracis (Lt) muscle, a prime cut of economic relevance for fresh and cured pork production. A population of 110 Iberian (25%) × Landrace (75%) back-crossed pigs was used, because these two breeds exhibit extreme profiles of intramuscular saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents. Total RNA from Lt muscle was individually hybridized to GeneChip Porcine Genome arrays (Affymetrix). A principal component analysis was performed with data from the 110 animals to select 40 extreme animals based on the total fatty acid profile and the MUFA composition (MAP). Comparison of global transcription levels between extreme fatty acid profile pigs (n = 40) resulted in 219 differentially expressed probes (false discovery rate <0.10). Gene ontology, pathway and network analysis indicated that animals with higher percentages of PUFA exhibit a shift toward a more oxidative muscular metabolism state, with a raise in mitochondria function (PPARGC1A, ATF2), fatty acid uptake and oxidation (FABP5, MGLL). On the other hand, 87 probes were differentially expressed between MUFA composition groups (n = 40; false discovery rate <0.10). In particular, muscles rich in n-7 MUFA expressed higher levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism (GLUL, CRAT, PLA2G15) and lower levels of fatty acid elongation genes (ELOVL5). Moreover, the chromosomal position of FABP5, PAQR3, MGLL, PPARGC1A, GLUL and ELOVL5 co-localized with very relevant QTL for fat deposition and composition described in the same resource population. This study represents a complementary approach to identifying genes underlying these QTL effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Pena
- Genètica i Millora Animal, IRTA, 191 Av. Rovira Roure, 25198, Lleida, Spain; Departament de Producció Animal, ETSEA, Universitat de Lleida, 191 Av. Rovira Roure, 25198, Lleida, Spain
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Sánchez S, Gambardella M, Henríquez JL, Díaz I. First Report of Crown Rot of Strawberry Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina in Chile. Plant Dis 2013; 97:996. [PMID: 30722560 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-12-1121-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, an increase of collapsed and dead strawberry plants has been observed in several fields in central Chile, specifically in San Pedro, Melipilla, an important area for strawberry cultivation in the country. To determine the causal agent of the disease and the extent of the problem, 25 sample sites of 1 ha each, distributed in different San Pedro zones, were surveyed at the end of the 2011 season (from December 2010 to February 2011). Cross sections of the crowns of symptomatic strawberry plants showed necrotic tissue and brown-red to dark brown areas on the vascular ring. Samples of the affected crowns were superficially disinfested and plated on potato dextrose agar with 200 μg/ml of streptomycin sulfate. Dark gray colonies were observed after 7 days of incubation at 24°C. Pure cultures of the pathogen showed aerial mycelium and abundant dark oblong sclerotia. Fifty sclerotia were measured, averaging 120 × 74 μm. Twenty-one isolates were identified molecularly utilizing the species specific primers MpKFI and MpKRI (2) that yielded a 350-bp fragment. The amplified DNA fragments were sequenced and BLAST analysis showed a 99% nucleotide sequence identity with Macrophomina phaseolina (GeneBank Accession No JX535007.1). Both morphological and molecular analyses confirmed that the isolated species corresponded to M. phaseolina, causal agent of crown and root rot in strawberry. Four representative isolates were selected to conduct pathogenicity tests. Inoculum was prepared by incubating the pathogen for 28 days at 20°C in sterilized oat seeds. Pots of 1.5 liters were filled with a mixed substrate of peat and perlite (2:1), amended with inoculated oats at 9 g per liter of substrate. 'Camarosa' strawberry plants were planted and grown in a glasshouse for 1 month. Six replicated plants per isolate and six plants growing on non-inoculated substrate were left as controls. Ninety-five percent of the inoculated plants showed wilt and collapse symptoms 22 days after transplant, whereas no symptoms were observed in the control plants. M. phaseolina was reisolated from the crowns of symptomatic plants, fulfilling Koch's postulates. The pathogen was isolated from symptomatic strawberry plants in 14 of the 25 sampled sites. Although M. phaseolina was described previously on other crops in Chile, to our knowledge, this is the first report of M. phaseolina causing crown rot of strawberry. The disease has been recently reported in Spain, the United States, and Argentina (1,3,4). References: (1) M. Avilés et al. Plant Pathol. 57:382, 2008. (2) B. Babu et al. Mycologia 99:797, 2007. (3) O. Baino et al. Plant Dis. 95:1477, 2011. (4) S. Koike. Plant Dis. 92:1253, 2008.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sánchez
- Facultad de Agronomía e Ing. Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306-22, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Gambardella
- Facultad de Agronomía e Ing. Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306-22, Santiago, Chile
| | - J L Henríquez
- Facultad de Cs. Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 1004, Santiago, Chile
| | - I Díaz
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
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Fandiño J, Silva M, Izquierdo P, Candal A, Díaz I, Fernández C, Gesto C, Poncet M, Soto M, Triana G, Losada C, Mariño A. CBCT-guided RapidArc® for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in lung tumors. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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González E, Díaz V, Díaz I, Munive E, de Ingunza L, Gutierrez L, Villanego I, Salas M. High dose rate intraluminal brachytherapy in esophageal cancer: Our experience. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Fandiño J, Triana G, Gesto C, Díaz I, Candal A, Fernández C, Izquierdo P, Poncet M, Silva M, Soto M, Losada C, Mariño A. RapidArc® for head and neck cancer (200 patients experience). Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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27
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Fandiño J, Gesto C, Candal A, Díaz I, Fernández C, Pilar I, Poncet M, Silva M, Soto M, Triana G, Losada C, Mariño A. Fast implementation of RapidArc® in a busy centre. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Ramírez O, Quintanilla R, Varona L, Gallardo D, Díaz I, Pena R, Amills M. DECR1
and ME1
genotypes are associated with lipid composition traits in Duroc pigs. J Anim Breed Genet 2013; 131:46-52. [DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Ramírez
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments; Facultat de Veterinària; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
| | | | - L. Varona
- Genètica i Millora Animal; IRTA; Lleida Spain
| | - D. Gallardo
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments; Facultat de Veterinària; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
| | - I. Díaz
- Centre de Tecnologia de la Carn (IRTA); Monells Spain
| | - R.N. Pena
- Genètica i Millora Animal; IRTA; Lleida Spain
| | - M. Amills
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments; Facultat de Veterinària; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
- Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
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29
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Melo C, Gallardo D, Quintanilla R, Zidi A, Castelló A, Díaz I, Amills M, Pena R. An association analysis between polymorphisms of the pig solute carrier family 27A (SLC27A), member 1 and 4 genes and serum and muscle lipid traits. Livest Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Díaz I, Gimeno M, Callén A, Pujols J, López S, Charreyre C, Joisel F, Mateu E. Comparison of different vaccination schedules for sustaining the immune response against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Vet J 2013; 197:438-44. [PMID: 23499541 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to better understand how immunization against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can be improved using commercial vaccines, different strategies of immunization were applied in the field using an inactivated vaccine (INV), a modified live vaccine (MLV) or a combination of the two and the responses compared. In experiment 1 (E1), 21 piglets were distributed in three groups. Group A was vaccinated with a commercial INV at 2.5, 3.5 and 6.5 months old; group B pigs received the INV at 1.5, 2.5, 5.5 and 6.5 months old, while pigs in group C were kept as unvaccinated controls. At 7.5 months of age all pigs were challenged with PRRSV and followed for 21 days. In experiment 2 (E2), 32 piglets were distributed evenly in four groups. Groups A, B and C were vaccinated with a commercial MLV at 1.5 months old, while group D pigs were kept as controls. At 4.5 months old, groups A and C received the INV while B received a second MLV, 1 month later group C pigs received a third INV. At 6.5 months old all pigs were challenged as in E1. In both experiments, total antibodies, neutralizing antibodies (NA) and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) were evaluated, and viraemia was determined after challenge. In E1, immunization with an INV induced high interferon-γ responses after the second and subsequent vaccinations. Development of NA after challenge was faster in INV vaccinated pigs compared to unvaccinated controls. In E2, re-vaccination with INV induced NA responses similar to re-vaccination with MLV; however, a significant increase in NA titres after challenge was only detected in group C pigs. The use of combined protocols (MLV+INV) was superior to the use of MLV alone in inducing cell mediated immunity. In conclusion, the highest immune responses against PRRSV after a single shot were achieved with MLV; after that, INV re-vaccination should be considered as the best strategy to induce significant boosters.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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31
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Melo C, Quintanilla R, Gallardo D, Zidi A, Jordana J, Díaz I, Pena RN, Amills M. Association analysis with lipid traits of 2 candidate genes (LRP12 and TRIB1) mapping to a SSC4 QTL for serum triglyceride concentration in pigs. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:1531-7. [PMID: 23408821 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of a genome scan for serum lipid traits at 45 and 190 d in 5 half-sib families of Duroc pigs allowed us to detect several pig chromosomal regions with significant effects on these phenotypes. In the current work, we aimed to refine the position of 1 chromosome 4 (SSC4) genome-wide significant QTL for serum triglyceride concentration at 190 d. Genotyping of 4 additional microsatellites allowed reduction of the 90% confidence interval of this QTL to the genomic interval between markers SW2409 and SW839. Sequencing experiments were performed to characterize the variability of 2 lipid-related genes, the lipoprotein receptor-related protein 12 (LRP12) and tribbles homolog 1 (TRIB1) loci, that map to this region. In this way, 2 (c.771A > G and c.1101A > G) and 1 (c.*156_157del) polymorphisms were identified at the LRP12 coding region and TRIB1 3' untranslated region, respectively. Association analyses between LRP12 and TRIB1 genotypes did not reveal any significant effect on serum lipid concentrations, suggesting that variation of these two loci does not explain the segregation of the SSC4 QTL. However, highly significant associations were observed for gluteus medius saturated fatty acid content (LRP12 c.1101A > G, P = 0.0006; TRIB1 c.*156_157del, P = 0.0003). In the light of these and other findings, the potential involvement of LRP12 and TRIB1 in muscle lipid metabolism deserves to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Melo
- Department of Animal Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Spain
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32
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Plastow GS, Carrión D, Gil M, García-Regueiro JA, I Furnols MF, Gispert M, Oliver MA, Velarde A, Guàrdia MD, Hortós M, Rius MA, Sárraga C, Díaz I, Valero A, Sosnicki A, Klont R, Dornan S, Wilkinson JM, Evans G, Sargent C, Davey G, Connolly D, Houeix B, Maltin CM, Hayes HE, Anandavijayan V, Foury A, Geverink N, Cairns M, Tilley RE, Mormède P, Blott SC. Quality pork genes and meat production. Meat Sci 2012; 70:409-21. [PMID: 22063741 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2004] [Revised: 06/29/2004] [Accepted: 06/30/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Functional genomics, including analysis of the transcriptome and proteome, provides new opportunities for understanding the molecular processes in muscle and how these influence its conversion to meat. The Quality Pork Genes project was established to identify genes associated with variation in different aspects of raw material (muscle) quality and to then develop genetic tools that could be utilized to improve this quality. DNA polymorphisms identified in the porcine PRKAG3 and CAST genes illustrate the impact that such tools can have in improving meat quality. The resources developed in Quality Pork Genes provide the basis for identifying more of these tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Plastow
- Sygen International, 2 Kingston Business Park, Kingston Bagpuize, Oxfordshire OX13 5FE, UK
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33
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Ramayo-Caldas Y, Mercadé A, Castelló A, Yang B, Rodríguez C, Alves E, Díaz I, Ibáñez-Escriche N, Noguera J, Pérez-Enciso M, Fernández A, Folch J. Genome-wide association study for intramuscular fatty acid composition in an Iberian × Landrace cross1. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:2883-93. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Ramayo-Caldas
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Consortium CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Edifici CRAG, Campus Universitat Autonoma Barcelona. 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Mercadé
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autò noma de Barcelona. 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Castelló
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Consortium CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Edifici CRAG, Campus Universitat Autonoma Barcelona. 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - B. Yang
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Consortium CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Edifici CRAG, Campus Universitat Autonoma Barcelona. 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - C. Rodríguez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Ctra. De la Coruña km. 7. 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Alves
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Ctra. De la Coruña km. 7. 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Díaz
- IRTA, Tecnologia dels Aliments. 17121 Monells, Spain
| | | | - J.L. Noguera
- IRTA, Genètica i Millora Animal. 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - M. Pérez-Enciso
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Consortium CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Edifici CRAG, Campus Universitat Autonoma Barcelona. 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autò noma de Barcelona. 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluis Companys. Barcelona, Spain
| | - A.I. Fernández
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Ctra. De la Coruña km. 7. 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J.M. Folch
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Consortium CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Edifici CRAG, Campus Universitat Autonoma Barcelona. 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autò noma de Barcelona. 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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35
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Roca M, Gimeno M, Bruguera S, Segalés J, Díaz I, Galindo-Cardiel IJ, Martínez E, Darwich L, Fang Y, Maldonado J, March R, Mateu E. Effects of challenge with a virulent genotype II strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on piglets vaccinated with an attenuated genotype I strain vaccine. Vet J 2012; 193:92-6. [PMID: 22264642 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is endemic in most parts of Asia, where genotype I and II strains of diverse virulence may coexist. This study evaluated the outcome of infection with a highly virulent Asian genotype II PRRSV isolate in piglets vaccinated with a genotype I vaccine. Twenty-one 3-week-old piglets were divided in three groups: Pigs in group V (n=8) were vaccinated with an attenuated genotype I commercial PRRSV vaccine, while pigs in group U (n=8) and a control group (group C; n=5) were unvaccinated; 6 weeks later, pigs in groups V and U were challenged intranasally with a highly virulent strain of genotype II PRRSV (1×10(5) 50% tissue culture infectious doses/mL), while pigs in group C received a placebo. Over a period of 21 days after challenge, vaccinated pigs had significantly lower mortality (0/8 versus 2/8), fewer days of fever, a lower frequency of catarrhal bronchopneumonia, higher weight gains (13.4 versus 6.6 kg) and lower levels of viraemia compared to unvaccinated challenged pigs. Immunisation with a genotype I attenuated PRRSV vaccine provided partial protection against challenge with a highly virulent genotype II strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Roca
- Laboratorios Hipra S.A., Avda La Selva 135, Amer, Girona 17170, Spain
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36
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Ramos I, Díaz I, Fdz-Polanco M. The role of the headspace in hydrogen sulfide removal during microaerobic digestion of sludge. Water Sci Technol 2012; 66:2258-2264. [PMID: 22949260 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of the headspace (HS) in the microaerobic removal of hydrogen sulfide from biogas produced during sludge digestion was studied. Research was carried out in a pilot reactor with a total volume of 265 L, under mesophilic conditions. Biogas was successfully desulfurized (99%) by introducing pure oxygen (0.46 NL/L(fed)) into the recirculation stream when the HS volume was both 50.0 and 9.5 L. The removal efficacy dropped sharply to ≈15% when the HS was reduced to 1.5 L. The system responded quickly to the operational changes imposed: micro-oxygenation stops and variations in supply, as well as HS volume reductions and increases. As the final result, the microaerobic process required a minimum surface into the gas space to occur, which along with the elemental sulfur deposition in this area indicated that the oxidation took place there. Additionally, the pattern of sulfur accumulation suggested that the removal occurred preferentially on certain materials, and pointed to a significant biological contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ramos
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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37
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Abstract
Several disturbances presented in full-scale digesters can potentially affect the efficiency of the microaerobic removal process. This study evaluates the variation of the sulfur load and the performance of the system in situations of oxygen lack or excess and after normal rates are recovered. The process was shown to recover from oxygen lack or excess within 28 h when the original conditions were restored in a pilot-plant digester of 200 L treating sewage sludge with HRT of 20 days. The decrease of the sulfur load to the digester did not affect the biogas composition in the short-term and when oxygen rate was reduced to adjust to the lower hydrogen sulfide production, the removal proceeded normally with a lower unemployed oxygen amount. The digester opening to remove accumulated sulfur in the headspace did not alter process performance once the microaerobic removal was restarted.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Díaz I, Donoso-Bravo A, Fdz-Polanco M. Effect of microaerobic conditions on the degradation kinetics of cellulose. Bioresour Technol 2011; 102:10139-10142. [PMID: 21906933 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Limited oxygen supply to sludge digesters has shown to be an effective method to eliminate hydrogen sulfide from the biogas produced during anaerobic digestion but uneven results have been found in terms of the effect on the degradation of complex organic matter. In this study, the effect that the limited oxygen supply provoked on the "anaerobic" degradation of cellulose was evaluated in batch-tests. The microaerobic assays showed to reach a similar maximum production of methane than the anaerobic ones after 19 d and a similar hydrolytic activity (considering a first order rate constant); however, the microaerobic assays presented a shorter lag-phase time than the anaerobic test resulting in faster production of methane during the first steps of the degradation; specifically, the maximum methane production found in the anaerobic test in 19 d was found in the microaerobic test before the day 15.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Quintanilla R, Pena RN, Gallardo D, Cánovas A, Ramírez O, Díaz I, Noguera JL, Amills M. Porcine intramuscular fat content and composition are regulated by quantitative trait loci with muscle-specific effects1. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:2963-71. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-3974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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40
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Mas G, Llavall M, Coll D, Roca R, Díaz I, Oliver MA, Gispert M, Realini CE. Effect of an elevated monounsaturated fat diet on pork carcass and meat quality traits and tissue fatty acid composition from York-crossed barrows and gilts. Meat Sci 2011; 89:419-25. [PMID: 21632183 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-seven York-crossed barrows and gilts were fed either a grain and soy diet (CONTROL with 28% C18:1) or a similar diet enriched with oleic acid (HO with 43% C18:1, Greedy-Grass OLIVA®). There were no interactions between dietary treatment and gender and there were no differences in intramuscular and subcutaneous fatty acid composition between sexes (P>0.05). Similar primal cut yields, composition of major primal cuts, and carcass and meat quality characteristics were found for HO and CONTROL fed pigs. Apart from a few significant but small differences for some fatty acids, intramuscular fatty acid composition was similar for both dietary treatments. Subcutaneous fat from HO fed pigs had a 6.9% increase in total monounsaturated fatty acids and a 9.3% reduction in total polyunsaturated fatty acids (P<0.05) compared with CONTROL fed animals, without adversely affecting carcass quality and producing suitable hams for processing by the meat industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mas
- UPB España, SA, Crta Viver Km 6,3, Viver i Serrateix, Barcelona 08673, Spain
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41
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Díaz I, Pérez SI, Ferrero EM, Fdz-Polanco M. Effect of oxygen dosing point and mixing on the microaerobic removal of hydrogen sulphide in sludge digesters. Bioresour Technol 2011; 102:3768-3775. [PMID: 21193305 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Limited oxygen supply to anaerobic sludge digesters to remove hydrogen sulphide from biogas was studied. Micro-oxygenation showed competitive performance to reduce considerably the additional equipment necessary to perform biogas desulphurization. Two pilot-plant digesters with an HRT of ∼ 20 d were micro-oxygenated at a rate of 0.25 NL per L of feed sludge with a removal efficiency higher than 98%. The way of mixing (sludge or biogas recirculation) and the point of oxygen supply (headspace or liquid phase) played an important role on hydrogen sulphide oxidation. While micro-oxygenation with sludge recirculation removed only hydrogen sulphide from the biogas, dissolved sulphide was removed if micro-oxygenation was performed with biogas recirculation. Dosage in the headspace resulted in a more stable operation. The result of the hydrogen sulphide oxidation was mostly elemental sulphur, partially accumulated in the headspace of the digester, where different sulphide-oxidising bacteria were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Díaz I, Lopes AC, Pérez SI, Fdz-Polanco M. Determination of the optimal rate for the microaerobic treatment of several H2S concentrations in biogas from sludge digesters. Water Sci Technol 2011; 64:233-238. [PMID: 22053480 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2011.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of H2S in the biogas produced during anaerobic digestion has to be carried out to ensure the efficient long-lasting use of its energetic potential. The microaerobic removal of H2S was studied to determine the treatment capacity at low and high H2S concentrations in the biogas (0.33 and 3.38% v/v) and to determine the optimal O2 rate that achieved a concentration of H2S of 150 mg/Nm3 or lower. Research was performed in pilot-plant scale digesters of sewage sludge, with 200 L of working volume, in mesophilic conditions with a hydraulic retention time of 20 d. O2 was supplied at different rates to the headspace of the digester to create the microaerobic conditions. The treatment successfully removed H2S from the biogas with efficacies of 97% for the low concentration and 99% for the highest, in both cases achieving a concentration below 150 mg/Nm3. An optimal O2 rate of 6.4 NLO2/Nm3 of biogas when treating the biogas was found with 0.33% (v/v) of H2S and 118 NLO2/ Nm3 of biogas for the 3.38% (v/v) concentration. This relation may be employed to control the H2S content in the biogas while optimising the O2 supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Díaz I, Lopes AC, Pérez SI, Fdz-Polanco M. Performance evaluation of oxygen, air and nitrate for the microaerobic removal of hydrogen sulphide in biogas from sludge digestion. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101:7724-7730. [PMID: 20605444 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Revised: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 04/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The removal performance of hydrogen sulphide in severely polluted biogas produced during the anaerobic digestion of sludge was studied by employing pure oxygen, air and nitrate as oxidant reactives supplied to the biodigester. Research was performed in a 200-L digester with an hydraulic retention time (HRT) of ∼20 days under mesophilic conditions. The oxygen supply (0.25 N m³/m³ feed) to the bioreactor successfully reduced the hydrogen sulphide content from 15,811 mg/N m³ to less than 400 mg/N m³. The introduction of air (1.27 N m³/m³ feed) removed more than 99% of the hydrogen sulphide content, with a final concentration of ∼55 mg/N m³. COD removal, VS reduction and methane yield were not affected under microaerobic conditions; however, methane concentration in the biogas decreased when air was employed as a result of nitrogen dilution. The nitrate addition was not effective for hydrogen sulphide removal in the biogas.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Valladolid, Prado de la Magdalena s/n 47011, Valladolid, Spain
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Casellas J, Noguera JL, Reixach J, Díaz I, Amills M, Quintanilla R. Bayes factor analyses of heritability for serum and muscle lipid traits in Duroc pigs1. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:2246-54. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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45
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Touss J, Romero A, Plana J, Guerrero L, Díaz I, Hermoso JF. Características químico-sensoriales de los aceites de oliva «Arbequina» obtenidos en distintas zonas de España. Grasas y Aceites 2010. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.1997.v48.i6.814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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46
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Ordóñez-Gutiérrez L, Martínez M, Rubio-Somoza I, Díaz I, Mendez S, Alunda J. Leishmania infantum: Antiproliferative effect of recombinant plant cystatins on promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes estimated by direct counting and real-time PCR. Exp Parasitol 2009; 123:341-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Revised: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Cánovas E, Quintanilla R, Badaoui B, Porredón C, Gallardo D, Pena R, Díaz I, Amills M. Pig HDL-binding protein (HDLBP) genotype is associated with intramuscular fat percentage. Livest Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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48
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Galindo I, Díaz I, Ganges L, Pujols J, Darwich L, Gimeno M, Mateu E. GP5 and M proteins of prrsv could be related to inflammatory responses. J Comp Pathol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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49
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Gallardo D, Quintanilla R, Varona L, Díaz I, Ramírez O, Pena RN, Amills M. Polymorphism of the pigacetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase αgene is associated with fatty acid composition in a Duroc commercial line. Anim Genet 2009; 40:410-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.01854.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Pena RN, Cánovas A, Varona∗ L, Díaz I, Gallardo D, Ramírez O, Noguera JL, Quintanilla R. Nucleotide Sequence and Association Analysis of Pig Apolipoprotein-B and LDL-Receptor Genes. Anim Biotechnol 2009; 20:110-23. [DOI: 10.1080/10495390902892518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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