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Caputo M, Bullara V, Mele C, Samà MT, Zavattaro M, Ferrero A, Daffara T, Leone I, Giachetti G, Antoniotti V, Longo D, De Pedrini A, Marzullo P, Remorgida V, Prodam F, Aimaretti G. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Clinical Characteristics and Perinatal Outcomes in a Multiethnic Population of North Italy. Int J Endocrinol 2021; 2021:9474805. [PMID: 34987576 PMCID: PMC8720593 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9474805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate clinical characteristics and perinatal outcomes in a heterogeneous population of Caucasians born in Italy and High Migration Pressure Countries (HMPC) women with GDM living in Piedmont, North Italy. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 586 women referring to our unit (2015-2020). Epidemiological (age and country of origin) and clinical-metabolic features (height, weight, family history of DM, parity, previous history of GDM, OGTT results, and GDM treatment) were collected. The database of certificates of care at delivery was consulted in relation to neonatal/maternal complications (rates of caesarean sections, APGAR score, fetal malformations, and neonatal anthropometry). RESULTS 43.2% of women came from HMPC; they were younger (p < 0.0001) and required insulin treatment more frequently than Caucasian women born in Italy (χ 2 = 17.8, p=0.007). Higher fasting and 120-minute OGTT levels and gestational BMI increased the risk of insulin treatment (OGTT T0: OR = 1.04, CI 95% 1.016-1.060, p=0.005; OGTT T120: OR = 1.01, CI 95% 1.002-1.020, p=0.02; BMI: OR = 1.089, CI 95% 1.051-1.129, p < 0.0001). Moreover, two or more diagnostic OGTT glucose levels doubled the risk of insulin therapy (OR = 2.03, IC 95% 1.145-3.612, p=0.016). We did not find any association between ethnicities and neonatal/maternal complications. CONCLUSIONS In our multiethnic GDM population, the need for intensive care and insulin treatment is high in HPMC women although the frequency of adverse peripartum and newborn outcomes does not vary among ethnic groups. The need for insulin therapy should be related to different genetic backgrounds, dietary habits, and Nutrition Transition phenomena. Thus, nutritional intervention and insulin treatment need to be tailored.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Caputo
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - V. Bullara
- SCDU Endocrinologia, AOU “Maggiore della Carità” Novara, Novara, Italy
| | - C. Mele
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - M. T. Samà
- SCDU Endocrinologia, AOU “Maggiore della Carità” Novara, Novara, Italy
| | - M. Zavattaro
- SCDU Endocrinologia, AOU “Maggiore della Carità” Novara, Novara, Italy
| | - A. Ferrero
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - T. Daffara
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - I. Leone
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - G. Giachetti
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - V. Antoniotti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - D. Longo
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - A. De Pedrini
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - P. Marzullo
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Laboratory of Metabolic Research, Novara, Italy
| | - V. Remorgida
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - F. Prodam
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - G. Aimaretti
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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Guerini-Rocco E, Gray KP, Fumagalli C, Reforgiato MR, Leone I, Rafaniello Raviele P, Munzone E, Kammler R, Neven P, Hitre E, Jerusalem G, Simoncini E, Gombos A, Deleu I, Karlsson P, Aebi S, Chirgwin J, Di Lauro V, Thompson A, Graas MP, Barber M, Fontaine C, Loibl S, Gavilá J, Kuroi K, Müller B, O'Reilly S, Di Leo A, Goldhirsch A, Viale G, Barberis M, Regan MM, Colleoni M. Genomic Aberrations and Late Recurrence in Postmenopausal Women with Hormone Receptor-positive Early Breast Cancer: Results from the SOLE Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 27:504-512. [PMID: 33082214 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Women with hormone receptor-positive early breast cancers have a persistent risk of relapse and biomarkers for late recurrence are needed. We sought to identify tumor genomic aberrations associated with increased late-recurrence risk. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In a secondary analysis of Study of Letrozole Extension trial, a case-cohort-like sampling selected 598 primary breast cancers for targeted next-generation sequencing analysis of gene mutations and copy-number gains (CNGs). Correlations of genomic aberrations with clinicopathologic factors and breast and distant recurrence-free intervals (BCFIs and DRFIs) were analyzed using weighted Cox models. RESULTS Analysis of mutations and CNGs was successfully performed for 403 and 350 samples, including 148 and 134 patients with breast cancer recurrences (median follow-up time, 5.2 years), respectively. The most frequent alterations were PIK3CA mutations (42%) and CNGs of CCND1 (15%), ERBB2 (10%), FGFR1 (8%), and MYC (8%). PIK3CA mutations and MYC CNGs were associated with lower (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.004) tumor grade, respectively; a higher Ki-67 was seen in tumor with CCND1, ERBB2, and MYC CNGs (P = 0.01, P < 0.001, and P = 0.03, respectively). FGFR1 CNG was associated with an increased risk of late events in univariate analyses [17/29 patients; BCFI: HR, 3.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.48-6.92; P = 0.003 and DRFI: HR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.61-7.75; P = 0.002) and in multivariable models adjusted for clinicopathologic factors. CONCLUSIONS Postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer harboring FGFR1 CNG had an increased risk of late recurrence despite extended therapy. FGFR1 CNG may represent a useful prognostic biomarker for late recurrence and a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Guerini-Rocco
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan and University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Milan, Italy.
| | - Kathryn P Gray
- International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center, Frontier Science Foundation, and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caterina Fumagalli
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Rita Reforgiato
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Leone
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Rafaniello Raviele
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Munzone
- Division of Medical Senology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Patrick Neven
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erika Hitre
- National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy/Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Aebi
- Lucerne Cantonal Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jacquie Chirgwin
- Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Alastair Thompson
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | - Joaquín Gavilá
- Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Katsumasa Kuroi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bettina Müller
- Chilean Cooperative Group for Oncologic Research (GOCCHI), Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Aron Goldhirsch
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Bern, Switzerland and MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, International Breast Cancer Study Group Central Pathology Office and University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Barberis
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Meredith M Regan
- International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marco Colleoni
- Division of Medical Senology, European Institute of Oncology, and the International Breast Cancer Study Group, Milan, Italy
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Caputo M, Bona E, Leone I, Samà MT, Nuzzo A, Ferrero A, Aimaretti G, Marzullo P, Prodam F. Inositols and metabolic disorders: From farm to bedside. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 10:252-259. [PMID: 32670820 PMCID: PMC7340869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol and its derivates are catching interest in metabolism since taking part in several physiological processes, including endocrine modulation. Through several mechanisms mostly mediated by insulin signaling, these compounds regulate the activities of several hormones and are essential in oocytes maturation. It is interesting to point out the contribution of an inositol deficiency in the development of several diseases, mainly in the metabolic and endocrine setting. Inositols derive from both diet and endogenous production; among causes of inositol deficiency reduced dietary intake, increased catabolism and/or excretion, decreased biosynthesis, inhibition of gut and cellular uptake and altered microbiota could be considered. Mounting direct and indirect evidence suggests that the two main isoforms (Myo-inositol-inositol, D-chiro-inositol) are implied in glycemic and lipidic metabolism and supplementation yield a beneficial effect on these parameters without hazards for health. Moreover, they have a role in polycystic ovary syndrome, acting as insulin-sensitizing agents and free radical scavengers, helping to regulate metabolism and promoting ovulation. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the role of inositols in metabolic function disorders paying attention to whether these compounds could be efficacious and safe as a therapeutic agent with a focus on dietary intake and the role of gut microbiota. Inositol deficiency is implicated in the development of metabolic and endocrine diseases. Inositol compounds could be safe food supplement to restore metabolic imbalance. Inositol compounds partly derive from microbiota phytases entering in bacterial metabolism. Diet inositol content has a role in shaping gut microbiota and the host metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caputo
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - E Bona
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy.,Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - I Leone
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - M T Samà
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - A Nuzzo
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - A Ferrero
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - G Aimaretti
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - P Marzullo
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano, I.R.C.C.S, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Piancavallo, Italy
| | - F Prodam
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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Guerini Rocco E, Gray KP, Munzone E, Fumagalli C, Reforgiato MR, Leone I, Kammler R, Viale G, Neven P, Hitre E, Jerusalem GHM, Simoncini E, Gombos A, Deleu I, Di Leo A, Goldhirsch A, Barberis M, Regan MM, Colleoni M. Molecular alterations and late recurrence in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive node-positive breast cancer (BC): Results from the “SOLE” trial. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marta Rita Reforgiato
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Leone
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosita Kammler
- European Thoracic Oncology Platform (ETOP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- European Institute of Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Erika Hitre
- Orszagos Onkologiai Intezet, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Andrea Gombos
- Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ines Deleu
- Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
| | - Angelo Di Leo
- Sandro Pitigliani Medical Oncology Department, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Barberis
- Department of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is now recognized to be fundamental in modern oncology, because immune system recruitment may represent a powerful and innovative strategy in cancer therapy. Pembrolizumab, a highly selective humanized monoclonal antibody directly blocking the interaction between programmed cell death-1 expressed by tumor-associated T-cells and its ligand programmed cell death-L1 present on tumor and stromal cells, was recently approved by US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma and disease progression upon ipilimumab and BRAF inhibitor. This review will focus on the clinical development and use of pembrolizumab in the clinical practice and in the management of advanced melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Improta
- Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS-CROB, Rionero in Vulture, Potenza, Italy
| | - Isabella Leone
- Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS-CROB, Rionero in Vulture, Potenza, Italy
| | - Marco Donia
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Stefania Gieri
- Laboratory of Oncologic Technologies, IBFM-CNR, Cefalù, Potenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pelosi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy ; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Larussa T, Leone I, Suraci E, Nazionale I, Procopio T, Conforti F, Abenavoli L, Hribal ML, Imeneo M, Luzza F. Enhanced expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in Helicobacter pylori-infected human gastric mucosa modulates Th1/Th2 pathway and interleukin 17 production. Helicobacter 2015; 20:41-8. [PMID: 25308308 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) interferes with immune responses. Host immune response against Helicobacter pylori is involved in the persistence of the infection and its related diseases. AIM To investigate the role of IDO in the regulation of Th1/Th2 and Th17 pathways in H. pylori infection. METHODS Gastric biopsy samples were taken from 42 patients who underwent endoscopy and evaluated for the expression of IDO by Western blotting. Gastritis was assessed by the Sydney system score. In a subgroup of patients, biopsies were treated with the IDO inhibitor 1-methyl-L-tryptophan and the expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) mRNA and that of T-bet, interleukin-17 (IL-17), and IL-4 determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS IDO expression was found to be enhanced (p = .001) in gastric biopsies from H. pylori-infected (n = 18) compared with uninfected (n = 24) patients. Levels of IDO expression were inversely related to the gastritis score (r = -.684, p = .002) in H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa, but not in uninfected mucosa. In gastric biopsy cultures, IDO inhibition increased the expression of IFN-γ mRNA (p = .014), T-bet (p = .045), and IL-17 (p = .02) while decreasing that of IL-4 (p = .048). CONCLUSIONS In H. pylori-infected human gastric mucosa, an enhanced expression of IDO is capable of modulating Th1/Th2 and Th17 pathways. This mechanism lowers gastric inflammation, possibly contributing to the persistence of H. pylori. Targeting the IDO pathway may be a new strategy for modulating H. pylori-induced mucosal immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Larussa
- Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
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Luzza F, Suraci E, Larussa T, Leone I, Imeneo M. High exposure, spontaneous clearance, and low incidence of active Helicobacter pylori infection: the Sorbo San Basile study. Helicobacter 2014; 19:296-305. [PMID: 24758553 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A decreased incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection has been prospected to occur nowadays. AIM To evaluate the exposure to H. pylori, prevalence and incidence of active infection, and related risk factors in the general population. METHODS In a small town of Southern Italy (932 inhabitants), 595 (3-97 years) and 157 (12-82 years) subjects among those with no evidence of active H. pylori infection participated at baseline and 10 years later, respectively. A questionnaire was administered. Active H. pylori infection was assessed by (13) C-urea breath test (UBT). Serum VacA and CagA antibodies were determined. RESULTS Of 518 subjects who were evaluated by both UBT and serology, 310 (59.8%) were UBT positive, 479 (92.4%) VacA positive, and 369 (71.2%) CagA positive. Subjects UBT negative and serology positive were 169 (32%), ranging 1 (14.2%) to 29 (82.8%) from last to first decades of life. Age, female gender, and people per room were independent risk factors for subjects UBT positive compared to those UBT negative and serology positive. Ten years later, subjects who became UBT positive were four of 157 (0.25% per year) while those who became seropositive for VacA and/or CagA were 17 of 26 (6.5% per year). CONCLUSIONS H. pylori infection is highly dynamic with wide range of spontaneous clearance. It is easily cleared in the first decades of life, more recent years, less crowded homes, and males. It disappears and recurs more often than it was previously thought, implying that the current decline in its prevalence is due to real clearance instead of a fall in infection rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Luzza
- Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
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Larussa T, Suraci E, Nazionale I, Leone I, Montalcini T, Abenavoli L, Imeneo M, Pujia A, Luzza F. No evidence of circulating autoantibodies against osteoprotegerin in patients with celiac disease. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:1622-7. [PMID: 22529691 PMCID: PMC3325528 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i14.1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate risk factors for low bone mineral density (BMD) in celiac disease (CD) patients, focusing on circulating autoantibodies against osteoprotegerin (OPG).
METHODS: Seventy asymptomatic CD adult patients on gluten-free diet (GFD) and harbouring persistent negative CD-related serology were recruited. Conventional risk factors for osteoporosis (e.g., age, sex, menopausal status, history of fractures, smoke, and body mass index) were checked and BMD was assessed by dual energy X ray absorptiometry. Serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were evaluated. Thirty-eight patients underwent repeat duodenal biopsy. Serum samples from a selected sub-group of 30 patients, who were also typed for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ2 and DQ8 haplotype, were incubated with homodimeric recombinant human OPG and tested by western blotting with an anti-OPG antibody after immunoprecipitation.
RESULTS: Despite persistent negative CD-related serology and strict adherence to GFD, 49 out of the 70 (74%) patients displayed low BMD. Among these patients, 13 (24%) showed osteoporosis and 36 (76%) osteopenia. With the exception of age, conventional risk factors for osteoporosis did not differ between patients with normal and low BMD. Circulating serum calcium and PTH levels were normal in all patients. Duodenal mucosa healing was found in 31 (82%) out of 38 patients who underwent repeat duodenal biopsy with 20 (64%) still displaying low BMD. The remaining 7 patients had an incomplete normalization of duodenal mucosa with 6 (84%) showing low BMD. No evidence of circulating antibodies against OPG was found in the serum of 30 celiac patients who were tested for, independent of BMD, duodenal histology, and HLA status.
CONCLUSION: If any, the role of circulating autoantibodies against OPG in the pathogenesis of bone derangement in patients with CD is not a major one.
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Larussa T, Suraci E, Leone I, Nazionale I, Abenavoli L, Galasso O, Amorosi A, Imeneo M, Luzza F. Short-term therapy with celecoxib and lansoprazole modulates Th1/ Th2 immune response in human gastric mucosa. Helicobacter 2010; 15:449-59. [PMID: 21083751 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00796.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors and proton pump inhibitors may exert immune-mediated effects in human gastric mucosa. T-cell immune response plays a role in Helicobacter pylori-induced pathogenesis. This study evaluated effects of celecoxib and lansoprazole on T-helper (Th) 1 and Th2 immune response in human gastric mucosa. METHODS Dyspeptic patients with or without osteoarticular pain were given one of the following 4-week therapies: celecoxib 200 mg, celecoxib 200 mg plus lansoprazole 30 mg, and lansoprazole 30 mg daily. Expression of COX-2, T-bet, and pSTAT6 and production of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-4 were determined in gastric biopsies before and after therapy. Histology was evaluated. RESULTS Cyclooxygenase-2 expression and PGE₂ production was higher, and Th1 signaling pathway was predominant in H. pylori-infected vs. uninfected patients. T-bet expression and IFN-γ production increased, while STAT6 activation and IL-4 production decreased following therapy with celecoxib and celecoxib plus lansoprazole, respectively. Th1 and Th2 signaling pathways down-regulated after therapy with lansoprazole, and this was associated with an improvement of gastritis. Effect of therapy was not affected by H. pylori status. CONCLUSION Celecoxib and lansoprazole modulate Th1/Th2 immune response in human gastric mucosa. The use of these drugs may interfere with long-term course of gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Larussa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università di Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
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Pellicanò A, Leone I, Imeneo M, Amorosi A, Luzza F. Co-culture of human gastric endoscopic biopsies with Helicobacter pylori: a simple method for studying early phases of bacteria-host interaction. J Microbiol Methods 2008; 75:346-9. [PMID: 18588923 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2008.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Revised: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Gastric biopsies obtained through endoscopy from patients uninfected by Helicobacter pylori were co-cultured with an H. pylori strain. According to tissue and H. pylori viability, interleukin 8 was increased in biopsy homogenate and supernatant after 12-36h culture. This simple method is suitable to investigate early phases of bacteria-host interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Pellicanò
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università di Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Campus Universitario di Germaneto, Viale Europa 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Leone I, Chirillo MG, Raso T, Zucca M, Savoia D. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cystic fibrosis patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2008; 27:1093-9. [PMID: 18488256 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-008-0551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounts for about one half of all pulmonary infections of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. In this study, we analyzed 135 P. aeruginosa strains isolated from the expectorations of 55 CF adult patients attending a CF referral center over a period of five years. We assessed the genotype of the strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and analyzed some phenotypic characteristics, such as O serotype, enzyme and mucous production, antibiotics susceptibility, and motility. PFGE allowed the typification of 97.1% of strains, revealing the presence of nine different genomic patterns. The pattern indicated as B was the most frequent, whereas patterns H and I were the most uncommon. Serotyping failed to identify 37.8% of strains and 29 out of 55 patients harbored almost one non-typable (NT) strain. During the five years of the study, we observed a progressive reduction of O6 and O10 types, but an increase of the O1 type and of NT strains. Most strains produced protease, hemolysin, and gelatinase, and were mobile. Several patients harbored the same serotype or genotype in sequential isolates, though characterized by a different susceptibility to antimicrobials. We did not observe a relationship between bacterial genotype and phenotype. This could be due to the fact that PFGE is not sensitive enough to detect subtle genotypic differences. The epidemiological importance of the genotypic characterization of bacteria-colonizing CF subjects and the surveillance measures to be adopted in CF centers are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Leone
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino at S. Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano (To), Italy
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Pellicanò A, Imeneo M, Leone I, Larussa T, Luzza F. Enhanced activation of cyclooxygenase-2 downregulates Th1 signaling pathway in Helicobacter pylori-infected human gastric mucosa. Helicobacter 2007; 12:193-9. [PMID: 17492998 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2007.00498.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that an impaired T-cell response against Helicobacter pylori plays a role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-related diseases. Cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 has been shown to inhibit the production of T-helper (Th) 1 cytokines. This study aimed to ascertain whether COX-2 downregulates Th1 signaling pathway in human gastric mucosa colonized by H. pylori. METHODS COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production were determined in total proteins extracted from freshly obtained gastric biopsies of H. pylori-infected and uninfected patients by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Phosphorylated (p)STAT4, pSTAT1, T-bet, and pSTAT6 expression and interleukin (IL)-12, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and IL-4 production were also determined by Western blotting and ELISA, respectively, in total protein extracts from gastric biopsy cultures of H. pylori-infected patients treated without and with COX-2 inhibitor NS-398. RESULTS Enhanced expression of COX-2 and production of PGE(2) was found in H. pylori-infected compared to uninfected patients. COX-2 inhibition significantly increased expression of Th1 transcription factors along with production of IL-12 and IFN-gamma. By contrast, no changes in the expression of STAT6 and production of IL-4 were found. CONCLUSION This study provides a mechanism by which H. pylori may actually interfere with normal T-cell activation in human gastric mucosa, possibly enhancing its pathogenicity. The use of COX-2 selective inhibitors as immunomodulators in the course of H. pylori infection deserves investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Pellicanò
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università di Catanzaro Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
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Brennan E, Leone I, Greenhalgh B, Smith G. Chlorophyll Content of Soybean Foliage in Relation to Seed Yield and Ambient Ozone Pollution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1987.10466338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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