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Abstract
Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) is a multifunctional initiator, mediator, and repressor of autoimmune diseases in an organ- or disease-specific manner. However, the role of FoxO1 in the salivary gland has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we discovered that FoxO1 and aquaporin 5 (AQP5) are both significantly downregulated in the patients with primary Sjögren syndrome, an autoimmune disease accompanying salivary gland dysfunction. Pharmacologic or genetic perturbation of FoxO1 in the rat salivary gland acinar cell line, SMG-C6, induced a significant downregulation of AQP5 expression, as observed in clinical specimens. There was a strong correlation between FoxO1 and AQP5 expression because FoxO1 is a direct regulator of AQP5 expression in salivary gland acinar cells through its interaction with the promoter region of AQP5. Serial injection of a FoxO1 inhibitor into mice induced a reduction of AQP5 expression in submandibular glands and, consequently, hyposalivation, which is one of the major clinical symptoms of primary Sjögren syndrome. However, there was no sign of inflammation or cell damage in the submandibular glands harvested from mice treated with the FoxO1 inhibitor. In conclusion, our findings indicate that FoxO1 in salivary gland tissue acts as a direct regulator of AQP5 expression. Thus, downregulation of FoxO1 observed in primary Sjögren syndrome is a putative mechanism for hyposalivation without the involvement of previously reported soluble factors in primary Sjögren syndrome patient sera.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Choi
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - K Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Byun
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - D Y Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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2
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Kim TK, Lim HR, Byun JS. Vitamin C supplementation reduces the odds of developing a common cold in Republic of Korea Army recruits: randomised controlled trial. BMJ Mil Health 2020; 168:117-123. [PMID: 32139409 DOI: 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2019-001384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Republic of Korea (ROK) military has a high incidence of respiratory diseases at training centres. Vitamin C has been reported to reduce the incidence of colds. For the purpose of preventing soldiers' respiratory diseases, this study aimed to investigate whether vitamin C intake can prevent common colds in the ROK Army soldiers. METHODS This was a randomised, placebo-controlled, and double-blind trial of soldiers who enlisted in the Korea Army Training Centre for 30 days from 12 February to 13 March 2018. The study participants were divided into groups (vitamin C vs placebo). The military medical records were searched to determine whether the participants had a common cold. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the association between vitamin C intake and diagnosis of common colds. In addition, subgroup analysis on the relationship between vitamin C intake and common cold according to smoking status, training camp and physical rank was conducted. RESULTS A total of 1444 participants were included in our study. Of these participants, 695 received vitamin C (6000 mg/day, vitamin C group), while 749 participants received placebo (0 mg/day, placebo group). The vitamin C group had a 0.80-fold lower risk of getting a common cold than did the placebo group. Subgroup analyses showed that this effect was stronger among subjects in camp A, among never smokers and among those in physical rank 3. CONCLUSION Vitamin C intake provides evidence to suggest that reducing the common colds in Korean Army soldiers. Our results may serve as a basis for introducing military healthcare policies that can provide vitamin C supplementation for military personnel in basic military training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kyung Kim
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea .,Department of Health policy & Management, Armed Forces Medical Command, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - H R Lim
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Armed Forces Medical School, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J S Byun
- Department of Inspection, Armed Forces Medical Command, Seongnam, South Korea
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3
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Kim MS, Byun JS, Yoon YS, Yum DY, Chung MJ, Lee JC. A probiotic combination attenuates experimental colitis through inhibition of innate cytokine production. Benef Microbes 2016; 8:231-241. [PMID: 28008786 DOI: 10.3920/bm2016.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a severe immune cell-mediated syndrome characterised by extensive inflammatory and effector mucosal responses leading to tissue destruction in the colon and small intestine. The leading hypothesis is that dysbiosis of the gut flora causes an excessive immune response and inflammation in the gastrointestinal track. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can correct dysbiosis of the normal microbiota. In the current study, the therapeutic potential of seven LAB strains in combination to treat IBD was evaluated using experimental colitis model. This LAB cocktail, designated GI7, includes four strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactococcus lactis, two strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, and one strain of Streptococcus thermophilus. We confirmed that GI7 suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines in Raw264.7 macrophages. When dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitic mice were treated with GI7, their symptoms of colitis, as assessed by body weight, colon length, myeloperoxidase activity, intestinal bleeding, and histological damage, were reduced compared to untreated mice. In addition, GI7 treatment significantly inhibited the production of innate pro-inflammatory cytokines during colitic progression. Therefore, we suggest that GI7, a combination of seven LAB, has a potential role in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Kim
- 1 R&D Center, Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., 134 Gaegok-Ri, Wolgot-Myeon Gimpo-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10003, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Byun
- 1 R&D Center, Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., 134 Gaegok-Ri, Wolgot-Myeon Gimpo-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10003, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Yoon
- 1 R&D Center, Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., 134 Gaegok-Ri, Wolgot-Myeon Gimpo-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10003, Republic of Korea
| | - D Y Yum
- 1 R&D Center, Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., 134 Gaegok-Ri, Wolgot-Myeon Gimpo-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10003, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Chung
- 1 R&D Center, Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., 134 Gaegok-Ri, Wolgot-Myeon Gimpo-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10003, Republic of Korea
| | - J C Lee
- 1 R&D Center, Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., 134 Gaegok-Ri, Wolgot-Myeon Gimpo-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10003, Republic of Korea
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Yao C, Xu Y, Chen L, Jiang H, Ki CS, Byun JS, Bian W. Effects of warm acupuncture on breast cancer-related chronic lymphedema: a randomized controlled trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:e27-34. [PMID: 26966410 DOI: 10.3747/co.23.2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective treatment for breast cancer-related chronic lymphedema (bcrl) remains a clinical challenge. Acupuncture and moxibustion treatments have been shown to be beneficial and safe for treating bcrl. In the present randomized controlled trial, we compared the effectiveness of combined acupuncture and moxibustion ("warm acupuncture") with that of diosmin in bcrl. METHODS Breast cancer patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria (n = 30) were randomized to experimental and control groups (15 per group). On alternate days, patients in the experimental group received 30 minutes of acupuncture at 6 acupoints, with 3 of the needles each being topped by a 3-cm moxa stick. The control treatment was diosmin 900 mg 3 times daily. The control and experimental treatments were administered for 30 days. Outcome measures included arm circumferences (index of effectiveness), range of motion [rom (shoulder joint function)], quality of life, clinical safety, and adverse events. RESULTS Measured by the index of effectiveness, bcrl improved by 51.46% in the experimental group and by 26.27% in the control group (p < 0.00001). Effects were greatest at 10 cm above the elbow and at the wrist, where the warm needling was provided. Impairments in shoulder joint rom were minimal at baseline in both treatment groups. However, the roms of rear protraction, abduction, intorsion, and extorsion in the experimental group improved significantly; they did not change in the control group. Self-reported quality of life was significantly better with warm acupuncture than with diosmin. No adverse effects were reported during the treatment period, and laboratory examinations for clinical safety fell within the normal ranges. CONCLUSIONS Compared with diosmin, warm acupuncture treatment can effectively reduce the degree of bcrl at the specific acupoints treated and can promote quality of life. Warm acupuncture showed good clinical safety, without any adverse effects on blood or the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Yao
- Department of Breast Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R.C
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Breast Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R.C
| | - L Chen
- Department of Breast Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R.C
| | - H Jiang
- Department of Breast Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R.C
| | - C S Ki
- Hospital of the Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, South Korea
| | - J S Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - W Bian
- Department of Breast Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R.C
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5
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Kim JM, Park KY, Lee WJ, Byun JS, Kim JK, Park MS, Ahn SW, Shin HW. The cortical contrast accumulation from brain computed tomography after endovascular treatment predicts symptomatic hemorrhage. Eur J Neurol 2015; 22:1453-8. [PMID: 26130213 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The prognostic value of contrast accumulation from non-contrast brain computed tomography taken immediately after endovascular reperfusion treatment in acute ischaemic stroke patients to predict symptomatic hemorrhage was studied. METHODS Between July 2007 and August 2014, acute anterior circulation ischaemic stroke patients who were treated by intra-arterial thrombolysis or thrombectomy were included. Contrast accumulation was defined as a high attenuation area from non-contrast brain computed tomography immediately taken after endovascular reperfusion treatment, and patients were categorized into three groups according to the presence and location of contrast: (i) negative, (ii) cortical involvement and (iii) non-cortical involvement. The rates of symptomatic hemorrhage after 24 h and functional outcome at discharge were compared between patients with and without cortical involvement. RESULTS Of 64 patients who were treated by endovascular intervention, contrast accumulation was detected in 56, including 33 patients with cortical involvement and 23 patients without cortical involvement. The cortical involvement pattern was more frequently associated with symptomatic hemorrhage (13 vs. 1 patient, P = 0.003) and with grave outcome at discharge with modified Rankin Scale 5 or 6 (14 vs. 4, P = 0.048) than the non-cortical involvement group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis including initial collateral status and occlusion site disclosed that cortical involvement pattern independently predicted symptomatic hemorrhage after endovascular treatment (odds ratio 19.0, confidence interval 1.6-227.6, P = 0.020). CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that the cortical involvement of contrast accumulation is associated with symptomatic hemorrhage after endovascular reperfusion treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Y Park
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W J Lee
- Department of Neuroradiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Byun
- Department of Neuroradiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Neuroradiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M S Park
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Ahn
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H W Shin
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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6
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Bak CW, Lyu SW, Seok HH, Byun JS, Lee JH, Shim SH, Yoon TK. Erectile Dysfunction and Extramarital Sex Induced by Timed Intercourse: A Prospective Study of 439 Men. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 33:1245-53. [DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.112.016667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Byun J, Bak CW, Lee JH, Ju YJ, Han S, Seok HH, Lyu SW, Yoon TK, Gudipati M, Hemingway V, Nowak L, Pearce S, Stewart JA, McEleny K, Lee J, Byun JS, Bak CW, Ju YJ, Cha E, Han S, Hamilton CJCM, Braam SC, Brandes M, Smeenk JMJ, de Bruin JP, Nelen WLDM, Kremer JAM, Borges E, Setti AS, Braga DPAF, Vingris L, Figueira RCS, Iaconelli A, Witzke J, Kocent J, Neri QV, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD. SESSION 33: MALE INFERTILITY - CLINICAL AND LABORATORY ASPECTS. Hum Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/27.s2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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8
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Martins MV, Peterson BD, Costa P, Costa ME, Lund R, Schmidt L, Bak C, Byun JS, Lee JH, Cha E, Han S, Seok HH, Lyu SW, Yoon TK, Gameiro S, Boivin J, Peronace L, Verhaak CM, Garcia D, Bautista O, Venereo L, Coll O, Vassena R, Vernaeve V, Belen S, Ertuzun I, Sart ZH, Borkan B, Stuyver I, Wierckx K, Van Glabeke L, Van den Abbeel E, Gerris J, T'Sjoen G, De Sutter P, Kramer W. SESSION 64: PSYCHOLOGY AND COUNSELLING - CLINICAL ISSUES. Hum Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/27.s2.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ghong TH, Byun JS, Han SH, Chung JM, Kim YD. Analysis of 2D periodic nanostructures with an oxide overlayer via spectroscopic ellipsometry. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:6514-6517. [PMID: 22121747 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.4344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The accurate nondestructive determination of the shapes or critical dimensions of periodic nanostructures is essential to the current integrated-circuits technology. Optical critical dimension (OCD) metrology is fast, nondestructive, and can be used in air, allows higher sampling rates compared to the non-optical methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or atomic-force microscopy (AFM), and does not damage the sample. The data are typically analyzed via rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA), where the sample is modeled as a series of layers whose dimensional parameters are determined by a least-squares fit. The layers are typically approximated as a combination of core material and ambient. Oxide overlayers and surface roughness are common, however, and call into question two-phase approximation. In this study, a structure that is periodic in two dimensions and that is coated with a thin (3 nm) oxide was studied, and an extension of the RCWA method that allows structural information to be extracted from optical data even in the presence of oxide overlayers or surface roughness was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Ghong
- Nano-Optical Property Laboratory and Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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10
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Ghong TH, Han SH, Chung JM, Byun JS, Kim TJ, Aspnes DE, Kim YD, Park IH, Kim YW. Nondestructive analysis of coated periodic nanostructures from optical data. Opt Lett 2010; 35:733-735. [PMID: 20195335 DOI: 10.1364/ol.35.000733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Optical data are essential for the accurate nondestructive determination of profiles of periodic structures in integrated-circuit technology. In rigorous coupled-wave analysis, the sample is generally modeled as layers consisting of a single material and the ambient. We extend present capabilities to the analysis of structures with overlayers and demonstrate our approach by determining quantitatively the thicknesses of top, sidewall, and bottom oxides of deliberately and naturally oxidized structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Ghong
- Nano-optical Property Laboratory and Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Abstract
This study examined the expression of three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the testes of pigs. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the presence of nNOS, eNOS and iNOS in interstitial cells, primary spermatocytes and spermatids. Positive immunoreactions for eNOS and iNOS were detected in peritubular myoid cells. Some vascular endothelial cells were positive for nNOS and eNOS. The expression of nitrotyrosine was detected in interstitial cells. In addition, the histochemical study revealed that all the interstitial cells were stained positively for NADPH-diaphorase, although some spermatids and vascular endothelial cells displayed moderate enzymatic activity. These findings suggest that three isoforms of NOS are expressed in the testis of pig and that they play important roles in the biology of interstitial cells that produce testosterone, as well as in spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea
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Poopatanapong A, Teramitsu I, Byun JS, Vician LJ, Herschman HR, White SA. Singing, but not seizure, induces synaptotagmin IV in zebra finch song circuit nuclei. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 66:1613-29. [PMID: 17058190 PMCID: PMC2694668 DOI: 10.1002/neu.20329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Synaptotagmins are a family of proteins that function in membrane fusion events, including synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Within this family, synaptotagmin IV (Syt IV) is unique in being a depolarization-induced immediate early gene (IEG). Experimental perturbation of Syt IV modulates neurotransmitter release in mice, flies, and PC12 cells, and modulates learning in mice. Despite these features, induction of Syt IV expression by a natural behavior has not been previously reported. We used the zebra finch, a songbird species, to investigate Syt IV because song is a naturally learned behavior whose neuroanatomical basis is largely identified. We observed that, similar to rodents, Syt IV is inducible in songbirds. This induction was selective and depended on the nature of neuronal depolarization. Generalized seizures caused by the GABA(A) receptor antagonist, metrazole, induced the IEG, ZENK, in zebra finch brain. However, these same seizures failed to induce Syt IV in song control areas. In contrast, when nontreated birds sang, three song control areas showed striking Syt IV induction. Further, this induction appeared sensitive to the social context in which song was sung. Together, these data suggest that neural activity during singing can drive Syt IV expression within song circuitry whereas generalized seizure activity fails to do so even though song control areas are depolarized. Our findings indicate that, within this neural circuit for a procedurally learned sensorimotor behavior, Syt IV is selective and requires precisely patterned neural activity and/or neuromodulation associated with singing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Poopatanapong
- Department of Physiological Science, University of California at Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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13
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Kim YT, Byun JS, Kim J, Jang YH, Lee WJ, Ryu JK, Kim SW, Yoon YB, Kim CY. Factors predicting concurrent cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Hepatogastroenterology 2003; 50:8-12. [PMID: 12629979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hepatolithiasis is a risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma. However, it is difficult to detect early cholangiocarcinoma that occurs as a complication of hepatolithiasis. To identify the factors, which can be used for predicting cholangiocarcinomas in patients with hepatolithiasis, we compared the clinical characteristics of patients who had cholangiocarcinoma associated with hepatolithiasis with those of patients with hepatolithiasis only. METHODOLOGY Forty patients with cholangiocarcinoma associated with hepatolithiasis (group HC) and 73 patients with hepatolithiasis only (group H) were randomly selected for this study. Mean tumor size was 6.1 +/- 2.4 cm in diameter. RESULTS Patients of group HC were older (56.7 +/- 8.9 yr) than those of group H (49.2 +/- 12.9 yr) (p < 0.001). Weight loss was more frequent in group HC (51.5%) than in group H (5.5%) (p < 0.001) and serum alkaline phosphatase levels were higher in group HC (181 +/- 184 IU/L) than in group H (426 +/- 385 IU/L) (p < 0.001). The proportion of the patients who had hepatolithiasis in the right or both lobes of the liver was higher in group HC (72.5%) than in group H (50.6%) (p = 0.024). The optimal cutoff value of serum CEA level for cholangiocarcinoma detection was set at 4.2 ng/mL using ROC cure to give a sensitivity of 67.6% and a specificity of 90.5%. Group HC differed from group H because of its lower rates of both abdominal pain and cholangitis, longer duration of stone history, and lower serum albumin level. Factors that did not predict cholangiocarcinoma included sex ratio, white blood cell count, serum bilirubin level, and hepatic atrophy. CONCLUSIONS Cholangiocarcinoma should be suspected in patients with hepatolithiasis, especially when, the patient is over 40 years old, has a long history of hepatolithiasis with weight loss, a higher level of serum alkaline phosphatase, a lower level of serum albumin, a serum carcinoembryonic antigen level exceeding 4.2 ng/mL, and hepatolithiasis that is located either in the right or both lobes of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-T Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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14
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Kim SM, Choi HS, Byun JS. Overall 5-year survival rate and prognostic factors in patients with stage IB and IIA cervical cancer treated by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2000; 10:305-312. [PMID: 11240691 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1438.2000.010004305.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this paper was to analyze the 5-year survival rate and prognostic factors for stage Ib and IIa cervical cancer treated by radical hysterectomy. A total of 366 patients with invasive cervical cancer treated by radical hysterectomy from June 1985 to June 1994 at Chonnam National University Hospital, Kwangju, Korea were retrospectively analyzed. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The overall 5-year survival rate was 92% in stage Ib and 87% in stage IIa. Factors assessed for prognostic value included age, FIGO stage, cell type, tumor size, depth of invasion, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), and pelvic lymph node metastases (LNM). In the multivariate analysis, age, cell type, and lymph node metastases were independent predictors of survival. Lower survival was associated with age greater than 50 years, adenocarcinoma, and presence of lymph node metastases. The higher survival rates in patients with single lymph node involvement or lymph node metastases below the level of the common iliac nodes (85 and 84.6%, respectively) versus multiple or extrapelvic lymph node metastases (50 and 20%, respectively) were statistically significant (P < 0.01). In conclusion, patients who had lymph node metastases, adenocarcinoma, and were older than 50 years had a poorer survival rate. Such patients require more intense postoperative treatment and closer surveillance. Low-risk patients with a single lymph node metastasis below the level of the common iliac nodes may benefit from thorough lymphadenectomy without adjuvant therapy to prevent unpleasant complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, Korea
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15
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Abstract
Between April 1994 and May 1998, 15 amputated index fingers were treated based on three classifications: group 1 consisted of patients with index finger defects immediately proximal to, yet including, the distal interphalangeal joint, group 2 were those patients with defects from the proximal part of the distal interphalangeal joint to the distal part of the proximal interphalangeal joint and group 3 comprised patients with more proximal defects than group 2. With a total of six men and nine women, seven cases were included in group 1, five in group 2 and three in group 3. For the patients in groups 1 and 2, only a partial length of the second toe was transferred to the index finger, whereas in group 3 the total length of the toe needed to be transferred. The results can be summarised as follows:1. The two-point discrimination of the reconstructed index tip was 2.2 mm for group 1, 2 mm for group 2 and 2.3 mm for group 3.2. In group 1, the average range of motion in the transferred toe was 43.8>> in the distal interphalangeal joint. In groups 2 and 3, the average range of motion in the transferred toe was 30>> and 30.7>> in the distal interphalangeal joint, and 50>> and 39.3>> in the proximal interphalangeal joint, respectively.3. When compared with the contralateral index finger, the pinching power was measured at 83% in group 1, 70% in group 2 and 60% in group 3.4. Excellent results were obtained in group 1, good results in group 2 and fair results in group 3. Accordingly, the more proximal the defect in the index finger, the less satisfactory the result obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Cho
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Taegu
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16
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Abstract
Five patients with avulsed scalps were treated with replantation between 1992 and 1998. All patients were women age 20 to 36 years. The percentage of the avulsed scalp ranged from 50% to 100% of the whole scalp. The vessels chosen for anastomosis were the superficial temporal artery, occipital artery, and superficial temporal vein. A vein graft harvested from the cephalic vein of the forearm was performed on the venous and arterial sides in 1 patient. Two patients experienced complete survival of the replanted scalp. Three patients showed 40%, 50%, and 80% survival areas, with the remaining defects resurfaced as split-thickness skin grafts. Six months later, the scar areas in the last 3 patients were reconstructed with an expansion of the normal or replanted scalp. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 7 years. In 4 patients a partial return of sensation in the replanted scalp and motor function of the frontalis muscle were observed. All patients were satisfied with the aesthetic results of their surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Cho
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Taegu, Korea
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17
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Abstract
We report two patients whose acute soft-tissue and tendon defects in the hand were treated with a dorsalis pedis tendocutaneous delayed arterialized venous flap between 1994 and 1997. The surviving surface area was 100 percent in both patients. The flap sizes were 10 x 10 cm and 6 x 6 cm. At 2 weeks postoperatively, active flexion and passive extension commenced, and progressive resistance exercises were performed for an additional 5 weeks. Flaps showed a similar color match and skin texture compared with the normal skin of the hand. Advantages of the tendocutaneous delayed arterialized venous flap are that a larger flap can be obtained than when using a pure venous flap or arterialized venous flap; the survival rate of the arterialized venous flap increases, which permits the use of a composite flap; the main artery of the donor site is preserved; thin, nonbulky tissue is used; and elevation is easy, without deep dissection. The disadvantages are the two-stage operation, donor-site scarring, and weak extension of the toes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Cho
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Taegu, Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Park
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Catholic University of Taegu Hyosung, College of Medicine, Korea
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19
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Kim SM, Byun JS, Jung YD, Kang IC, Choi SY, Lee KY. The effects of oxygen radicals on the activity of nitric oxide synthase and guanylate cyclase. Exp Mol Med 1998; 30:221-6. [PMID: 9894152 DOI: 10.1038/emm.1998.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species such as superoxides, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals have been suggested to be involved in the catalytic action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to produce NO from L-arginine. An examination was conducted on the effects of oxygen radical scavengers and oxygen radical-generating systems on the activity of neuronal NOS and guanylate cyclase (GC) in rat brains and NOS from the activated murine macrophage cell line J774. Catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed no significant effects on NOS or GC activity. Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT, known as a superoxide radical scavenger) and peroxidase (POD) inhibited NOS, but their inhibitory actions were removed by increasing the concentration of arginine or NADPH respectively, in the reaction mixture. NOS and NO-dependent GC were inactivated by ascorbate/FeSO4 (a metal-catalyzed oxidation system), 2'2'-azobis-amidinopropane (a peroxy radical producer), and xanthine/xanthine oxidase (a superoxide generating system). The effects of oxygen radicals or antioxidants on the two isoforms of NOS were almost similar. However, H2O2 activated GC in a dose-dependent manner from 100 microM to 1 mM without significant effects on NOS. H2O2-induced GC activation was blocked by catalase. These results suggested that oxygen radicals inhibited NOS and GC, but H2O2 could activate GC directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonnam University Medical School, Kwangju, Korea
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20
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Abstract
Various attempts at reconstruction of pharyngoesophageal defects after ablative surgery have been made to restore the function of the pharyngoesophagus. A tubed free radial forearm flap was used to reconstruct the pharyngoesophagus in 23 patients after resection of neoplasms from May 1989 to October 1995. Nineteen were males and four were females, the average patient age was 62.2 years. The follow-up ranged from 10 to 64 months (mean: 18 months). Oral intake within 3 weeks was possible in 18 patients (78 percent) The immediate postoperative complications were hematoma (n = 1), bleeding (n = 2), infection (n = 3), fistula (n = 4), and venous thrombosis (n = 1). A late complication was stricture of the lower anastomosing site (n = 3). The tubed free radial forearm flap has advantages over free jejunal transfer, including the larger caliber of the vascular pedicle, longer possible ischemic time, no laparotomy with less morbidity of the donor site, and better toleration of radiotherapy. Troublesome disadvantages include stricture and fistula formation at the suture sites. The authors modified the conventional free radial forearm flap to reduce complications. A small monitoring flap supplied by the septocutaneous branch of the radial artery was elevated to check the survival of the flap. During tubing, the vertical suture line was overlapped with a deepithelialized skin flap, and double layer sutures were done to prevent fistula. Two small triangular flaps were designed and inserted at the distal anastomotic site to prevent circular contracture. The outer-layer sutures were anchored to the surrounding rigid structure to withstand shrinkage and circular contraction. With this modification, the incidence of stricture and fistula formation was reduced to 13.0 percent and 17.4 percent, respectively, and these complications could be treated conservatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Cho
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Taegu, Korea
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21
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Cho BC, Lee MS, Lee JH, Byun JS, Baik BS. The effects of surgical and chemical delay procedures on the survival of arterialized venous flaps in rabbits. Plast Reconstr Surg 1998; 102:1134-43. [PMID: 9734433 DOI: 10.1097/00006534-199809040-00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a surgical delay procedure and a combined surgical and chemical delay procedure on the survival of arterialized venous flaps. Experimental groups included (1) a control group, (2) a surgical delay (4-day and 7-day delay) group, and (3) a combined surgical and chemical (doxazosin mesylate, nitroglycerine patch) delay group. These groups were further divided into subgroups (n = 10) depending on the delay period and the chemical agents. An arterialized venous flap was created on one ear of each rabbit. In the arterialized venous flap, arterial inflow was provided by anastomosis of the central auricular artery to the anterior branch of the central auricular vein and a venous outflow through the anterior marginal vein. In the control group, the arterialized venous flaps without any delay procedure showed complete necrosis of all flaps. In the surgical delay group, the mean percentage survival of arterialized venous flaps was 36.6 percent in the 4-day delay group and 59.7 percent in the 7-day delay group. In the combined surgical and chemical delay group, a 3-day chemical delay followed by a 4-day simultaneous surgical and chemical delay resulted in mean percentage survival of the arterialized venous flaps of 81.1 percent in the doxazosin mesylate group, 72.8 percent in the nitroglycerine patch group, and 92.9 percent in a combination group of doxazosin mesylate and nitroglycerine patch. A 3-day chemical delay followed by a 7-day simultaneous surgical and chemical delay resulted in mean percentage survival of the arterialized venous flaps of 94 percent in the doxazosin mesylate group, 90.2 percent in the nitroglycerine patch group, and 99 percent in a combination group of doxazosin mesylate and nitroglycerine patch. In conclusion, the surgical delay procedure increased the percentage survival of the arterialized venous flaps in proportion to the delay period. The combination group of surgical and chemical delay procedures had a significantly greater percentage survival than that of the surgical delay group (p < 0.001), and the delay period could be shortened.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Cho
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Kyungpook National University Hospital, Taegu, Korea
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22
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Abstract
Arterialized venous flaps have been used clinically but still have limited applications for coverage of small surface defects. Varying degrees of necrosis of the larger, arterialized venous flaps remain an unsolved problem. We have treated 13 patients, with acute soft-tissue defects in 9 patients and scar contracture in 4 patients, with surgically or surgically-chemically delayed arterialized venous flaps from 1993 to 1995. There were 9 males and 4 females. The average age of the 13 patients was 34.7 years. Donor sites were the medial calf in 4 patients, the volar surface of the forearm in 6 patients, the dorsum of the foot in 2 patients, and the medial thigh in 1 patient. Before arterialization, surgical delay was done in 9 patients and a combined surgical-chemical delay in 4 patients. There were 12 skin flaps and one composite tendocutaneous flap. The follow-up period ranged from 5 to 28 months, with an average of 15 months. The surviving surface area of the arterialized venous flap was 100% in 10 patients, axial 70% in 1 patient, axial 50% in 1 patient, and total necrosis in the remaining patient. Among the 10 flaps with total survival, the minimal flap size was 6 x 8 cm and the maximal flap size was 14 x 16 cm. Advantages of the delayed arterialized venous flap are (1) developing a larger flap than can be obtained with a pure venous flap or arterialized venous flap and (2) the increased survival rate of the arterialized venous flap, which permits the possibility of using a composite flap. This delayed arterialized venous flap also has all the advantages of the pure venous flap, such as preservation of the main artery of the donor site; thin, nonbulky tissue; and easy elevation without deep dissection. The disadvantage is the requirement of a two-stage operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Cho
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Taegu, Korea
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Byun JS, Constantinescu MA, Lee WP, May JW. Effects of delay procedures on vasculature and survival of arterialized venous flaps: an experimental study in rabbits. Plast Reconstr Surg 1995; 96:1650-9. [PMID: 7480285 DOI: 10.1097/00006534-199512000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The effect of delay procedures on the survival of large arterialized venous flaps was studied in a rabbit ear model. Both ears of 25 New Zealand White rabbits (n = 50) were randomized into three operative groups receiving (1) no delay, (2) limited delay, or (3) extensive delay. Two weeks later the ear flap was completely divided, and arterialization of the flap venous tree was achieved by anastomosing the central artery of the ear to the anterior branch of the flap central vein. Survival area of 10 flaps in each group was assessed at 14 days. Flap vasculature was assessed in 10 additional ears in the nondelayed and extensively delayed groups by standardized vascular injections with radiopaque silicon rubber immediately, 6 hours, 24 hours, and 2 weeks after arterialization. Delay procedures significantly increased (p = 0.001, unpaired two-tailed Student's t test) survival of arterialized venous flaps in this model. Whereas all flaps in the non-delayed group underwent total necrosis, the mean viable surface area of the flaps was 67.9 percent in the limited delay group and 94.0 percent in the extensively delayed group. Lastly, angiographic studies suggest that delay procedures prior to arterialization of the venous tree enhance perfusion of the arterial tree by increasing venoarterial communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Byun
- Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
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Abstract
Reconstruction of the penis may be indicated in cases of traumatic or surgical amputation of the penis, congenital absence of the penis, micropenis, male pseudohermaphroditism, or transsexualism. Despite recent advances in microsurgery, which have improved the results of total penile reconstructions to a great extent, this operation remains one of the biggest challenges to reconstructive plastic surgeons. The authors have performed one-stage penile reconstruction in five patients since 1989, using an innervated radial forearm osteocutaneous flap. At follow-up (up to 46 months), all patients showed aesthetically acceptable results and good sensory recovery. The most common complications were related to the urethra, involving two fistulae and one urethral stricture.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Byun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Taegu, Korea
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Song TB, Kim YH, Oh ST, Byun JS, Kim EK. Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of congenital kyphosis due to anterior segmentation failure. Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol 1994; 20:31-3. [PMID: 8172524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.1994.tb00417.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A few cases of congenital scoliosis due to segmentation failure have so far reported and the antenatal detection of pure congenital kyphosis without scoliosis due to segmentation failure has not been reported. We report the first prenatal identification using ultrasound of a fetus affected with pure congenital kyphosis due to anterior segmentation failure of the vertebral body between the second and third lumbar spine which was associated with ventriculomegaly, cleft palate, and hydramnios.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonman University Medical School, Kwangju, Korea
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26
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Byun JS, Yoon YD, Oh ST, Song TB, Choi HS, Lee YI. Treatment failure in malignant gestational trophoblastic disease. Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol 1993; 19:277-83. [PMID: 8250762 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.1993.tb00386.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and thirty-three patients with malignant gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) were admitted. All patients (86/86) of the nonmetastatic and metastatic low-risk groups and 89.4% (42/47) of the metastatic high-risk group showed remission. The overall remission rate was 96.2%. Among 5 patients with brain metastases, however, only one (20%) survived. We arrived at two main conclusions. First, brain metastatic lesions did not successfully respond to therapy utilizing conventional chemotherapeutic regimens. Second, the key factors for successful outcome in brain metastases were early diagnosis and aggressive initial therapy. Therefore, early detection of brain metastases should be made with: (1) fine computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), (2) measurement of the ratio of serum to cerebrospinal fluid hCG concentration, and (3) early recognition of their clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Byun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Kwangju, Korea
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