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Kim JT, Cho BH, Choi KH, Park MS, Kim BJ, Park JM, Kang K, Lee SJ, Kim JG, Cha JK, Kim DH, Nah HW, Park TH, Park SS, Lee KB, Lee J, Hong KS, Cho YJ, Park HK, Lee BC, Yu KH, Oh MS, Kim DE, Ryu WS, Choi JC, Kwon JH, Kim WJ, Shin DI, Sohn SI, Hong JH, Lee JS, Lee J, Bae HJ, Saver JL, Cho KH. Association between time to treatment and functional outcomes according to the Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score in endovascular stroke therapy. Eur J Neurol 2019; 27:343-351. [PMID: 31535427 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The rate at which the chance of a good outcome of endovascular stroke therapy (EVT) decays with time when eligible patients are selected by baseline diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI-MRI) and whether ischaemic core size affects this rate remain to be investigated. METHODS This study analyses a prospective multicentre registry of stroke patients treated with EVT based on pretreatment DWI-MRI that was categorized into three groups: small [Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (DWI-ASPECTS)] (8-10), moderate (5-7) and large (<5) cores. The main outcome was a good outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale 0-2). The interaction between onset-to-groin puncture time (OTP) and DWI-ASPECTS categories regarding functional outcomes was investigated. RESULTS Ultimately, 985 patients (age 69 ± 11 years; male 55%) were analysed. Potential interaction effects between the DWI-ASPECTS categories and OTP on a good outcome at 90 days were observed (Pinteraction = 0.06). Every 60-min delay in OTP was associated with a 16% reduced likelihood of a good outcome at 90 days amongst patients with large cores, although no associations were observed amongst patients with small to moderate cores. Interestingly, the adjusted rates of a good outcome at 90 days steeply declined between 65 and 213 min of OTP and then remained smooth throughout 24 h of OTP (Pnonlinearity = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the probability of a good outcome after EVT nonlinearly decreased, with a steeper decline at earlier OTP than at later OTP. Discrepant effects of OTP on functional outcomes by baseline DWI-ASPECTS categories were observed. Thus, different strategies for EVT based on time and ischaemic core size are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-T Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - B-H Cho
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-H Choi
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - M-S Park
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - B J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - J-M Park
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Kang
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J-K Cha
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - D-H Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - H-W Nah
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - T H Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-S Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - K B Lee
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - K-S Hong
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Y-J Cho
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - H-K Park
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - B-C Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - K-H Yu
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - M S Oh
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - D-E Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - W-S Ryu
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - J C Choi
- Department of Neurology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - J-H Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - W-J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - D-I Shin
- Department of Neurology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - S I Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-H Hong
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-J Bae
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - J L Saver
- Department of Neurology, Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K-H Cho
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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Kim JS, Kim RY, Cha JK, Rha HW, Kang MJ, Kim DH, Park HS, Choi JH, Huh JT, Lee IK. Pre-stroke glycemic control is associated with early neurologic deterioration in acute atrial fibrillation-related ischemic stroke. eNeurologicalSci 2017; 8:17-21. [PMID: 29260030 PMCID: PMC5730912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been suggested that AF-related ischemic stroke (IS) that is accompanied by atherosclerotic burden have poorer outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of pre-stroke glycemic control (PSGC) on the early neurologic deterioration (END) of patients with acute AF-related IS. Methods We retrospectively recruited 121 patients with AF-related IS who also had Diabetes mellitus (DM). The HbA1C level was measured in all subjects. END was defined as an increase in the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 4 NIHSS points within 7 days of symptom onset compared to the initial NIHSS score. Results In this study, 20.7% (25 patients) were classified as having a poor PSGC status with a HbA1C level above 8.0%. In the univariate analysis, a poor PSGC status (p < 0.01), smoking (p = 0.01), severe neurologic deficits at admission (p = 0.01), and a larger size of ischemic lesions on DWI (p < 0.01) were associated with the occurrence of END. In the multivariate model, a poor PSGC status (p = 0.02) and larger size of ischemic lesions on MRI (p < 0.01) were independent predictors of END in acute AF-related IS. Conclusion The HbA1c level upon admission was independently associated with significant prediction of END in acute AF-related IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-S Kim
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - R-Y Kim
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - J-K Cha
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - H W Rha
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - M-J Kang
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - D-H Kim
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - H-S Park
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - J-H Choi
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - J-T Huh
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - I-K Lee
- Department of Health Service Management, College of Health, Kyungwoon University, Gumi, South Korea
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Kim S, Choi JH, Kang M, Cha JK, Huh JT. Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Tirofiban as Antiplatelet Premedication for Stent-Assisted Coiling in Acutely Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:508-14. [PMID: 26471748 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stent-assisted coiling of intracranial aneurysms requires antiplatelet therapy, typically aspirin and clopidogrel to prevent thromboembolic complications. There is a substantial concern that tirofiban may increase the risk of hemorrhage when used as an antiplatelet premedication in ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Our aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous tirofiban administration, instead of oral dual antiplatelet agents, as an antiplatelet premedication for stent-assisted coiling in patients with acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of a data base containing a consecutive series of patients who underwent stent-assisted coiling for acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms between March 2010 and January 2015. Intravenous tirofiban was administered to all patients before stent-assisted coiling, instead of premedication with loading doses of aspirin or clopidogrel. RESULTS Forty patients with 41 aneurysms received intravenous tirofiban and underwent stent-assisted coiling. None of the patients had a newly developed intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or intraventricular hemorrhage. Intraprocedural aneurysmal rupture occurred in 2 patients (5%). Cerebral infarction developed in 2 patients (5%). Ventriculostomy-related hemorrhage was seen in 2 of 10 patients in whom ventriculostomy was performed before or after coiling. Thirty-four (85%) patients had a good outcome (Glasgow Outcome Score of 4 or 5) at the time of discharge, but 1 patient died of cardiac arrest. None of the patients developed thrombocytopenia, retroperitoneal, gastrointestinal, or genitourinary bleeding related to tirofiban administration. CONCLUSIONS In our study, tirofiban showed a low risk of symptomatic hemorrhagic or thromboembolic complications. Tirofiban may offer a safe and effective alternative as an antiplatelet premedication during stent-assisted coiling of acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.K., M.K.)
| | | | - M Kang
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.K., M.K.)
| | - J-K Cha
- Neurology (J.-K.C.), Busan-Ulsan Regional Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J-T Huh
- Neurosurgery (J.-H.C., J.-T.H.)
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Yun YH, Chung JY, Kang MJ, Huh JT, Park KW, Cha JK. A Retrospective Study on Intracerebral Haemorrhage Reduction by Mri versus Ct in Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischaemic Stroke. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791001700102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multimodal MRI may be an effective tool for selecting suitable acute ischaemic stroke patients for thrombolysis, reducing the risk of haemorrhage. In this study, we demonstrated the usefulness of our central alerting system to reduce door-to-needle time for thrombolysis following MRI. This system allowed timely intervention and reduced the rate of symptomatic haemorrhage. Methods We reviewed the records of 73 patients with hyperacute ischaemic stroke who received intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) between January 2006 and December 2007 following the adoption of a central stroke alerting system in our hospital. Results Of the 73 patients who received IV t-PA, 44 were based on CT and 29 on MRI findings. The door-to-needle time was 10 minutes longer for the MRI group (49.9±23.2 min) compared to the CT group (39.6±19.7 min) but it was still within the recommended 60 minutes time frame. On the other hand, the rate of symptomatic haemorrhage was lower, though insignificantly, in the MRI group (0%) compared to the CT group (13.6%) (p=0.08). Conclusions In this study, we demonstrated that the combination of diagnostic MRI and a central alerting system might reduce the rate of symptomatic haemorrhage without compromising the door-to-needle time.
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Affiliation(s)
- YH Yun
- Dong-A University College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - JY Chung
- Dong-A University College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Kim SK, Lee SY, Bae HJ, Lee YS, Kim SY, Kang MJ, Cha JK. Pre-hospital notification reduced the door-to-needle time for iv t-PA in acute ischaemic stroke. Eur J Neurol 2009; 16:1331-5. [PMID: 19832903 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02762.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S K Kim
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Aspirin is an important therapeutic regimen to prevent the recurrent ischemic events or death after acute ischemic stroke. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the extent of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation and outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients on aspirin therapy. METHODS We selected 107 acute ischemic stroke patients who had been prescribed aspirin and evaluated platelet function test by using optic platelet aggregometer test after 5 days of taking it and investigated the prognosis 90 days after ischemic events. Kaplan-Meyer curve was used for survival analysis. RESULTS After stratification of the subjected patients by tertiles of ADP-induced platelet aggregation, the events rates were 7.4%, 9.3% and 30.8% (P = 0.023). In multiple logistic regression analysis, old age over 70 years (OR, 13.7; 95% CI, 2.14-88.07; P = 0.001) and the increased ADP-induced platelet aggregation had independent significance to the risk of primary end-points after acute ischemic stroke (OR, 1.1; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.20; P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that the increased ADP-induced platelet aggregation under using aspirin is associated with poor outcome after acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-K Cha
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Dongdaeshin-Dong, Busan, South Korea.
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Lee SH, Lim GH, Kim JS, Oh SY, Kim JK, Cha JK, Yun CH, Kang JK, Lee H, Song HK, Chung KC. Acute ophthalmoplegia (without ataxia) associated with anti-GQ1b antibody. Neurology 2008; 71:426-9. [PMID: 18678825 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000324266.95814.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-GQ1b antibody has been found in Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with ophthalmoplegia, Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE), and acute ophthalmoplegia without ataxia (AO). The aim of this study was to determine the clinical features of AO associated with anti-GQ1b antibody. METHODS We retrospectively collected 34 patients with anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome. Of these patients, 31 patients had ophthalmoplegia. The patients with ophthalmoplegia were classified into MFS (n = 13), AO (n = 11), GBS with ophthalmoplegia (n = 6), and BBE (n = 1). We analyzed clinical features and patterns of external and internal ophthalmoplegia of AO, and neuro-ophthalmologic findings were compared with those of other anti-GQ1b syndromes with ophthalmoplegia. RESULTS AO was observed in 11 (32.4%) of the 34 patients with anti-GQ1b antibody. External ophthalmoparesis was present in all the patients and included mixed horizontal-vertical (n = 7), pure horizontal (n = 3), and pure vertical gaze palsy (n = 1). Binocular involvement was common, but unilateral ophthalmoparesis was also observed in 27.3%. Other findings included ptosis (n = 5, 45.5%) and internal ophthalmoplegia (n = 6, 54.5%). Other anti-GQ1b antibody syndromes had prominent neurologic signs including ataxia, weakness, and facial palsy in addition to ophthalmoplegia. The patterns of neuro-ophthalmologic findings did not differ between AO and other anti-GQ1b antibody syndromes with ophthalmoplegia. CONCLUSIONS Acute ophthalmoplegia (AO) commonly occurs in anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome and manifests as various combinations of external and internal ophthalmoplegia. Internal ophthalmoplegia is fairly common and unilateral involvement may occur in AO.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-H Lee
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Korea
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Lee CY, Lee DE, Hong YK, Shim JH, Jeong CK, Joo J, Zang DS, Shim MG, Lee JJ, Cha JK, Yang HG. Matrix formalism of electromagnetic wave propagation through multiple layers in the near-field region: application to the flat panel display. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2003; 67:046605. [PMID: 12786507 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.67.046605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2001] [Revised: 11/19/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have developed an electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation theory through a single layer and multiple layers in the near-field and far-field regions, and have constructed a matrix formalism in terms of the boundary conditions of the EM waves. From the shielding efficiency (SE) against EM radiation in the near-field region calculated by using the matrix formalism, we propose that the effect of multiple layers yields enhanced shielding capability compared to a single layer with the same total thickness in conducting layers as the multiple layers. We compare the intensities of an EM wave propagating through glass coated with conducting indium tin oxide (ITO) on one side and on both sides, applying it to the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding filter in a flat panel display such as a plasma display panel (PDP). From the measured intensities of EMI noise generated by a PDP loaded with ITO coated glass samples, the two-side coated glass shows a lower intensity of EMI noise compared to the one-side coated glass. The result confirms the enhancement of the SE due to the effect of multiple layers, as expected in the matrix formalism of EM wave propagation in the near-field region. In the far-field region, the two-side coated glass with ITO in multiple layers has a higher SE than the one-side coated glass with ITO, when the total thickness of ITO in both cases is the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
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Lee HB, Sung MJ, Blackstock SC, Cha JK. Radical cation-mediated annulation. Stereoselective construction of bicyclo[5.3.0]decan-3-ones by aerobic oxidation of cyclopropylamines. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:11322-4. [PMID: 11697988 DOI: 10.1021/ja017043f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H B Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
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Abstract
[reaction: see text]. Intermolecular and intramolecular [4 + 3] cycloaddition reactions of readily available cyclopropanone hemiacetals with furans are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Cho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
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Abstract
[reaction: see text]. The intramolecular, stereoselective addition of 1-vinylcyclopropanols to tethered aldehydes has been achieved under mild conditions. Thus, sequential application of the titanium-mediated cyclopropanation of alpha,beta-unsaturated esters and the electrophilic cyclization of the aldehyde-tethered cyclopropanol products provides the facile formation of carbocyclic rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Youn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 35487, USA
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Abstract
[reaction: see text]. An alkylative titanium-mediated cyclization reaction of 1,3-diene-tethered carboxylic esters has been developed by employing an in situ generated titanacyclopropane intermediate to afford trans-2-alkenyl cyclohexanols.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Quan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
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Abstract
A unified, ready access to the tropoloisoquinoline alkaloids imerubrine (1), grandirubrine (2), and isoimerubrine (3) is delineated and features sequential application of the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of an acetylene-tethered oxazole and the [4 + 3] cycloaddition of an oxyallyl. A regioselective synthesis of 1 was achieved by stereo- and regioselective oxidation of an 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-one cycloadduct by means of the Moriarty method. Such a post-cycloaddition functionalization complements the synthetic utility of an alpha-alkoxy-substituted oxyallyl so as to broaden the scope of the oxyallyl [4 + 3] cycloaddition reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
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Lee SH, Jeong MH, Bae HR, Jeong SJ, Jang JY, Lim YJ, Kim SH, Kim JW, Cha JK. Circulating levels of interleukin-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with carotid stenosis. J Korean Med Sci 2001; 16:198-203. [PMID: 11306747 PMCID: PMC3054717 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.2.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are important factors that induce the migration and proliferation of endothelial cells, increase the vascular permeability, and the modulate chemotaxis of monocytes. These molecules have been found in human atherosclerotic plaques. However, it is not clear whether the circulating levels of IL-8 and VEGF correlate with the extents of carotid stenosis. In this study, we investigated the relationship between circulating levels of IL-8 as well as VEGF and the extents of carotid stenosis. Sera from 41 patients with carotid stenosis were assessed for concentrations of IL-8 and VEGF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The degree of stenosis of extracranial carotid artery was calibrated by carotid B- mode ultrasonography. The serum concentration of IL-8 (r = -0.04733, p > 0.05) was not correlated with the degree of stenosis. However, the serum concentration of VEGF (r = 0.4974, p < 0.01) was significantly correlated with the degree of carotid stenosis. These findings suggest that increased serum level of VEGF might be a marker for higher degree of stenosis of extracranial carotid artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Science, Dong-A University, Pusan, Korea
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Schneider C, Boeglin WE, Lai S, Cha JK, Brash AR. Synthesis and applications of stereospecifically (3)H-labeled arachidonic acids as mechanistic probes for lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase catalysis. Anal Biochem 2000; 284:125-35. [PMID: 10933865 DOI: 10.1006/abio.2000.4670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stereospecifically (3)H-labeled substrates are useful tools in studying the mechanism of hydrogen abstractions involved in the oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Here, we describe modified methods for the synthesis of arachidonic acids labeled with a single chiral tritium on the methylene groups at carbons 10 or 13. The appropriate starting material is a ketooctadecanoic acid which is prepared from an unsaturated C18 fatty acid precursor or by total synthesis. The (3)H label is introduced by NaB(3)H(4) reduction and the resulting tritiated hydroxy fatty acid then is tosylated, separated into the enantiomers by chiral phase HPLC, and subsequently transformed into stearic acids. A variety of stereospecifically labeled unsaturated fatty acids are obtained using literature methods of microbial transformation with the fungus Saprolegnia parasitica. Two applications are described: (i) In incubations of [10S-(3)H]- and [10R-(3)H]arachidonic acids in human psoriatic scales we show that a 12R-lipoxygenase accounts not only for synthesis of the major product 12R-HETE, but it contributes also, through subsequent isomerization, to the minor amounts of 12S-HETE. (ii) The [10R-(3)H]- and [10S-(3)H]arachidonic acids were also used to demonstrate that prostaglandin ring formation by cyclooxygenases does not involve carbocation formation at C-10 of arachidonic acid as was hypothesized recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schneider
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6602, USA
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Abstract
Dopamine transporters (DAT) uptake neurotoxic substances such as 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in the dopaminergic nerve terminals and may confer susceptibility to cytotoxic effects of neurotoxic substance. The association of a variable number tandem repeat polymorphism in the DAT gene with Parkinson's disease (PD) in a Korean population was studied. The 10-copy allele was the most common, accounting for 77.2% and 81.6% of alleles in PD patients and control subjects, respectively. The rare 11-copy allele was more common in the patients (odds ratio = 2.5, 95% confidence interval = 1.1-5.7, p<0.02). It is suggested that the 11-copy allele of the DAT gene may confer susceptibility to PD for some patients in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 35487, USA
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Cha JK, Jeong MH, Bae HR, Han JY, Jeong SJ, Jin HJ, Lim YJ, Kim SH, Kim JW. Activated platelets induce secretion of interleukin-1beta, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha and surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on cultured endothelial cells. J Korean Med Sci 2000; 15:273-8. [PMID: 10895967 PMCID: PMC3054638 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2000.15.3.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. Platelet-endothelium interaction plays an important role in the pathophysiology of atherogenesis. We investigated the role of activated platelets for secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 on endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were incubated with non-stimulated or ADP-activated platelets for 6 hr. Secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, MCP-1 and MIP-1alpha and surface expression of ICAM-1 were measured by ELISA and flow cytometry. In the presence of activated platelets, the secretion of IL-1beta, MCP-1, and MIP-1alpha and surface expression of ICAM-1 were significantly increased compared with non-activated platelets. The present study shows that activated platelets may contribute to expression of various inflammatory mediators on endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Cha
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Dong-A University, Pusan, Korea.
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20
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Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the lacrimal and salivary glands, leading to dryness of eyes (kerato-conjunctivitis sicca) and mouth (xerostomia). The skin lesions in Sjögren's syndrome are usually manifested as xeroderma, but sometimes appear as annular erythema or vasculitis. Central nervous system symptoms may be presented as one of extraglandular manifestations, though rare in incidence, and need differential diagnosis from multiple sclerosis. We report a case of a 45-year-old woman diagnosed as multiple sclerosis at first but later as neurologic manifestation of primary Sjögren's syndrome, showing signs of multiple sclerosis and cutaneous erythematous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Jung
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Pusan, Korea
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21
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Abstract
[formula: see text] A new approach to a suitably functionalized tricyclic core of sarains has been developed by means of Katritzky's cycloaddition using 3-oxidopyridinium betaines. A key step was the regioselective differentiation of the two nearly identical hydroxy groups derived from oxidative cleavage of the double bond in 8 to afford 14. A stereocontrolled construction of the tricyclic core 20 of sarains containing the requisite side chain at C-3' was achieved by an intramolecular conjugate addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Sung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35487, USA
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22
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Abstract
Thalamic lesions give rise to a variety of clinical syndromes including choreoathetotic movements and ataxic hemiparesis as well as sensory deficits. We describe four patients exhibiting pseudochoreoathetosis, hypesthesia, and ataxic hemiparesis in the limbs contralateral to a thalamic lesion. Three of the four patients showed the involuntary movements within 10 days of stroke onset; the remaining patient was not seen until 4 years later. Three had infarction and the other one hemorrhage in the posterior and lateral thalamus. All the patients had both cerebellar and sensory ataxia. These cases suggest that failure to convey proprioceptive information be the basic pathophysiology of pseudochoreoathetosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Pusan.
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23
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Abstract
[formula: see text] A new synthetic strategy for a functionalized tricyclic core of phorbol has been developed by means of a [4 + 3] oxyallyl cycloaddition and subsequent intramolecular Heck reaction. The [4 + 3] oxyallyl cycloadduct 7 was chosen as the B-ring precursor of phorbol. Subsequent elaboration took advantage of its well-defined diastereofacial bias to afford the tricycle 5. This method should be of general value in the construction of 6,7- or 5,7-fused bicyclic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35487, USA
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24
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Abstract
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is presumably caused by a slow infectious pathogen or prion. The principal clinical features of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are dementia, pyramidal and extrapyramidal symptoms and signs, cerebellar dysfunction, and myoclonus. The patient rapidly deteriorates, declines to a vegetative state, becomes comatous, and is ultimately dead within several months. The authors present a case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, proved by clinical findings, typical serial EEG, and pathologic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Cha
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Oredipe OA, White SL, Grzegorzewski K, Gause BL, Cha JK, Miles VA, Olden K. Protective effects of swainsonine on murine survival and bone marrow proliferation during cytotoxic chemotherapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 1991; 83:1149-56. [PMID: 1909378 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/83.16.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the ability of swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloid with pleiotropic in vivo effects, to confer protection against the cytotoxic effects of both cell cycle-specific and cell cycle-nonspecific cytotoxic anticancer agents. The intraperitoneal administration of swainsonine decreased the lethality of methotrexate (MTX), fluorouracil (5-FU), cyclophosphamide (CPM), and doxorubicin (DOX) in non-tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice. The increased survival rate was found to correlate with stimulation of bone marrow cell proliferation, as measured by increases in 1) bone marrow cellularity, 2) in vivo and in vitro colony-forming activity, and 3) engraftment efficiency. These responses were critically dependent on the dose, sequence, and timing of swainsonine administration. If these results are confirmed in humans, swainsonine may offer promise in future intensive chemotherapy programs, allowing increased dosage and/or frequency of administration of cytotoxic agents without increasing toxic effects in bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Oredipe
- Howard University Cancer Center, Washington, D.C
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26
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Mohla S, White S, Grzegorzewski K, Nielsen D, Dunston G, Dickson L, Cha JK, Asseffa A, Olden K. Inhibition of growth of subcutaneous xenografts and metastasis of human breast carcinoma by swainsonine: modulation of tumor cell HLA class I antigens and host immune effector mechanisms. Anticancer Res 1990; 10:1515-22. [PMID: 2126682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloid, can decrease the organ colonization potential of metastatic murine tumor cells by augmentation of host immune effector mechanisms. In this report the above findings were extended by the demonstration that systemic administration of swainsonine strongly suppressed the growth of human breast carcinoma subcutaneous xenografts and experimentally induced lung metastases. This inhibition was not due to a direct effect of swainsonine on cell growth. However swainsonine treatment of tumor cells resulted in enhanced expression of HLA Class I antigens, and HLA class I mRNA. Swainsonine was a potent immunodulator as evidenced by the increased (a) cytotoxicity of splenocytes and macrophages, and, (b) proliferative potential of splenocytes and bone marrow cells. These data suggest that swainsonine-induced inhibition of tumor growth and metastases may be mediated via activation of host effector cells and/or alteration of tumor cell antigenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohla
- Howard University Cancer Center, Washington, D.C
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27
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Breton P, Asseffa A, Grzegorzewski K, Akiyama SK, White SL, Cha JK, Olden K. Swainsonine modulation of protein kinase C activity in murine peritoneal macrophages. Cancer Commun (Lond) 1990; 2:333-8. [PMID: 2119676 DOI: 10.3727/095535490820874065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of Ca2+, phospholipid-dependent, protein kinase C (PKC) activity in murine peritoneal macrophages treated with swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloid, has been investigated. The present studies are based on our recent report that murine peritoneal macrophages are activated by swainsonine (Grzegorzewski, K.; Newton, S.A.; Akiyama, S.K.; Sharrow, S.; Olden, K.; White, S.L., Cancer Commun. 1:373-379, 1989). Presently, we have demonstrated that macrophages treated with swainsonine exhibited a substantial increase in PKC activity. The activity was enhanced as much as 4- to 5-fold over that obtained in untreated macrophages and was inhibited by H-7 (1-[5-isoquinoline sulphonyl]-2-methylpiperazine), D-sphingosine, or a monoclonal antibody specific for the active site of PKC. This represents the first report to demonstrate an effect of swainsonine on a second messenger system known to be involved in tumor promotion and macrophage activation. Elevation of PKC activity occurred much more slowly in swainsonine-treated cells than in cells treated with agents known to activate PKC directly, e.g., PMA (4-beta-phorbol-12-beta-myristate-13-gamma-acetate) or gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma). Furthermore the increase in PKC activity was inhibited by alpha-amanitine and cycloheximide, inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis, respectively. These results suggest that swainsonine enhancement of PKC activity occurred by an indirect and possibly protein-synthesis-dependent mechanism. Whatever its precise mechanism of action, swainsonine provides a potentially important new probe to evaluate PKC mediated events. Selective enhancement of PKC activity may be important not only in elucidating the role of PKC in tumor promotion or macrophage activation but, also, in contributing to development of therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Breton
- Howard University Cancer Center, Washington, D.C. 20060
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Abstract
Optic chiasmal syndrome due to arteriosclerotic vascular changes is rate. To our knowledge, there has been no report of arteriosclerotic chiasmal syndrome in Korea. In our two cases, other causes of chiasmal syndrome were not detected by MRI, four-vessel cerebral angiography, CSF study, and special laboratory examinations including ANA test, RA factor, and LE cell. With conservative treatment, the visual fields of the two patients are showing progressive improvement. We report here two cases of suspected arteriosclerotic optic chiasmal syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Cha
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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