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Mamunuwa N, Jayamanne S, Wijekoon N, Coombes J, Perera D, Shanika T, Mohamed F, Lynch C, De Silva A, Dawson A. Duplication errors due to brand name confusion; It is not always the name-Short case series. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7795. [PMID: 37720712 PMCID: PMC10502196 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Confusion of drug names has been identified as a leading cause of medication errors and potential iatrogenic harm. Most of these errors occur because of look-alike or sound-alike drugs. This case series gives examples of duplication errors due to brand confusion, where there are no similarities in the names.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Mamunuwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health SciencesThe Open University of Sri LankaJaffnaSri Lanka
| | - S. Jayamanne
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagamaSri Lanka
| | - N. Wijekoon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka
| | - J. Coombes
- School of PharmacyUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - D. Perera
- Department of PharmacyAustin HealthMelbourneAustralia
| | - T. Shanika
- Department of Allied Health Science, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka
| | - F. Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - C. Lynch
- Collaboration of Australian Sri Lankan Pharmacy Practice Education Research (CASPPER)BrisbaneAustralia
| | - A. De Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagamaSri Lanka
| | - A. Dawson
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
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Coombes J, Hunter K, Bennett-Brook K, Porykali B, Ryder C, Banks M, Egana N, Mackean T, Sazali S, Bourke E, Kairuz C. Leave events among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1488. [PMID: 35927686 PMCID: PMC9354286 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13896-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leave events are a public health concern resulting in poorer health outcomes. In Australia, leave events disproportionally impact Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. A systematic review was conducted to explore the causes of leave events among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and strategies to reduce them. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using Medline, Web of Science, Embase and Informit, a database with a strong focus on relevant Australian content. Additionally, we examined the references of the records included, and performed a manual search using Google, Google scholar and the Australia's National Institute for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Research. Two independent reviewers screened the records. One author extracted the data and a second author reviewed it. To appraise the quality of the studies the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used as well as the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool. A narrative synthesis was used to report quantitative findings and an inductive thematic analysis for qualitative studies and reports. RESULTS We located 421 records. Ten records met eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review. From those, four were quantitative studies, three were qualitative studies and three reports. Five records studied data from the Northern Territory, two from Western Australia, two from New South Whales and one from Queensland. The quantitative studies focused on the characteristics of the patients and found associations between leave events and male gender, age younger than 45 years and town camp residency. Qualitative findings yielded more in depth causes of leave events evidencing that they are associated with health care quality gaps. There were multiple strategies suggested to reduce leave events through adapting health care service delivery. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander representation is needed in a variety of roles within health care provision and during decision-making. CONCLUSION This systematic review found that multiple gaps within Australian health care delivery are associated with leave events among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The findings suggest that reducing leave events requires better representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people within the health workforce. In addition, partnership with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people is needed during the decision-making process in providing health services that meet Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultural needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Coombes
- The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, Australia.
| | - K Hunter
- The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, Australia.,The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - B Porykali
- The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, Australia
| | - C Ryder
- The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - M Banks
- Australian Commission On Safety and Quality in Health Care, Sydney, Australia
| | - N Egana
- Australian Commission On Safety and Quality in Health Care, Sydney, Australia
| | - T Mackean
- The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - S Sazali
- The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, Australia
| | - E Bourke
- The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, Australia
| | - C Kairuz
- The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, Australia
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Chung E, Vear N, Rhee H, Skinner T, Coombes J. The effects of a structured-exercise training program on erectile function, cardiovascular and respiratory parameters in men following prostate cancer treatment: Preliminary results from a randomised, controlled clinical trial in prostate cancer survivorship. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hordern M, Dahiya A, Isbell N, O’Moore-Sullivan T, Coombes J, Marwick T. Predictors of Lifestyle-Induced Changes in Myocardial Function in Obese, Renal Transplant and Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Davey AF, Coombes J, Porter I, Green C, Mewse AJ, Valderas JM. Development of a conceptual model for research on cyclical variation of patient reported outcome measurements (PROMs) in patients with chronic conditions: a scoping review. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2021; 5:117. [PMID: 34735641 PMCID: PMC8568745 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-021-00395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although circadian, seasonal, and other cycles have been observed for a number of chronic conditions, their impact on patient reported outcomes measurements (PROMs) has not been systematically explored, rendering our understanding of the effect of time of measurement on PROM scores very limited. The aim was to conduct a scoping review to determine what is known about how intra-individual cyclical variation might affect the way individuals with chronic conditions respond to patient-reported outcome measures. Methods A protocol of a systematic scoping review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42017058365). We developed a search strategy based on previous relevant reviews and implemented it in: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. No restrictions were placed on article types and backward and forward citation searches were conducted. Screening and data extraction were independently completed by up to four reviewers. An adapted version of CASP criteria was used to appraise the quality of included articles. Concepts that were important in understanding the impact of cyclical variation on PROM scores were elicited from the papers and iteratively refined through discussion amongst the authors. Results 2420 references resulted from the searches, with 33 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Most study designs included observational research (particularly ecological momentary assessment), 2 were RCTs and 2 were systematic reviews. Studies mainly focused on specific health conditions: mental health, respiratory and musculoskeletal. There was a lack of qualitative research and theoretical framework to explore these concepts more fully. Five overarching concepts emerged: variation in outcomes, variation of scores, psychological status, individual factors, and environmental/situational factors. A conceptual model was developed outlining the relationships between these concepts. Conclusions There is empirical evidence that supports cyclical variation in PROM scores across different chronic conditions, with potential very significant implications for administration and interpretation of PROMs. The proposed conceptual model can support further research in this area. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41687-021-00395-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Davey
- Health Services and Policy Research Group, Exeter Collaboration for Academic Primary Care, NIHR PenARC, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK. .,Exeter Collaboration for Academic Primary Care (APEx), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - J Coombes
- Health Services and Policy Research Group, Exeter Collaboration for Academic Primary Care, NIHR PenARC, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - I Porter
- Health Services and Policy Research Group, Exeter Collaboration for Academic Primary Care, NIHR PenARC, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - C Green
- Health Economics Group, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,Exeter Collaboration for Academic Primary Care (APEx), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - A J Mewse
- Department of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - J M Valderas
- Health Services and Policy Research Group, Exeter Collaboration for Academic Primary Care, NIHR PenARC, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Coombes J, Dalleck L, Drummond C, Mangahas J, Ramos J, Williams K. Effects of blood flow restriction and neuromuscular electrical stimulation on muscle hypertrophy in adults: a meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Rodriguez KJ, Coombes J, Keating S. Personalised exercise as medicine for type 2 diabetes: finding the ‘sweet spot’ for glycaemic control. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Coombes B, Tucker K, Hug F, Scott A, Cox E, Gajanand T, Coombes J. Supervised exercise training and Achilles tendon properties in people with Type 2 Diabetes. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Coombes J. HIITing it from all angles: assessing the feasibility of high-intensity interval training in schools, workplaces, and the community. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ruediger S, Coombes J, Ogoh S, Green D, Bailey T. Understanding the influence of the menopause on shear stress mediated cerebral artery dilation at rest and during static handgrip exercise. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Taylor J, Holland D, Keating S, Bailey T, Leveritt M, Coombes J. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Blood Pressure in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Taylor J, Holland D, Keating S, Leveritt M, Coombes J. Feasibility, Safety, Adherence and Efficacy of High-Intensity Interval Training Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cox E, Coombes J, Keating S, Burton N, Gajanand T. Effect of exercise intensity on positive affect in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wijekoon C, Shanika L, Jayamanne S, Coombes J, Dawson A. Adverse Drug Reactions in a Cohort of Sri Lankan Patients with Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases. Clin Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.05.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Coombes J. Does antioxidant supplementation promote or impede skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.01.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Coombes J, Lukaszyk C, Keay L, Sherrington C, Tiedemann A, Ivers R. 60 Yarning, giving a voice to older aboriginal people on healthy ageing and fall prevention. Inj Prev 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042156.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ramos J, Dalleck L, Borrani F, Fassett R, Coombes J. Cardiorespiratory fitness and not body fat is independently associated with beta cell function in individuals with metabolic syndrome: Fitness versus fatness. J Sci Med Sport 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Coombes J, Swiderska-Syn M, Dollé L, Reid D, Eksteen B, Claridge L, Briones-Orta MA, Shetty S, Oo YH, Riva A, Chokshi S, Papa S, Mi Z, Kuo PC, Williams R, Canbay A, Adams DH, Diehl AM, van Grunsven LA, Choi SS, Syn WK. Osteopontin neutralisation abrogates the liver progenitor cell response and fibrogenesis in mice. Gut 2015; 64:1120-31. [PMID: 24902765 PMCID: PMC4487727 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic liver injury triggers a progenitor cell repair response, and liver fibrosis occurs when repair becomes deregulated. Previously, we reported that reactivation of the hedgehog pathway promotes fibrogenic liver repair. Osteopontin (OPN) is a hedgehog-target, and a cytokine that is highly upregulated in fibrotic tissues, and regulates stem-cell fate. Thus, we hypothesised that OPN may modulate liver progenitor cell response, and thereby, modulate fibrotic outcomes. We further evaluated the impact of OPN-neutralisation on murine liver fibrosis. METHODS Liver progenitors (603B and bipotential mouse oval liver) were treated with OPN-neutralising aptamers in the presence or absence of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, to determine if (and how) OPN modulates liver progenitor function. Effects of OPN-neutralisation (using OPN-aptamers or OPN-neutralising antibodies) on liver progenitor cell response and fibrogenesis were assessed in three models of liver fibrosis (carbon tetrachloride, methionine-choline deficient diet, 3,5,-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine diet) by quantitative real time (qRT) PCR, Sirius-Red staining, hydroxyproline assay, and semiquantitative double-immunohistochemistry. Finally, OPN expression and liver progenitor response were corroborated in liver tissues obtained from patients with chronic liver disease. RESULTS OPN is overexpressed by liver progenitors in humans and mice. In cultured progenitors, OPN enhances viability and wound healing by modulating TGF-β signalling. In vivo, OPN-neutralisation attenuates the liver progenitor cell response, reverses epithelial-mesenchymal-transition in Sox9+ cells, and abrogates liver fibrogenesis. CONCLUSIONS OPN upregulation during liver injury is a conserved repair response, and influences liver progenitor cell function. OPN-neutralisation abrogates the liver progenitor cell response and fibrogenesis in mouse models of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Coombes
- Regeneration and Repair Group, The Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
| | - M Swiderska-Syn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA
| | - L Dollé
- Liver Cell Biology Lab (LIVR), Department of Cell Biology (CYTO), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Reid
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Health Research and Innovation Centre (HRIC), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - B Eksteen
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Health Research and Innovation Centre (HRIC), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - L Claridge
- Centre for Liver Research, NIHR Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - MA Briones-Orta
- Regeneration and Repair Group, The Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
| | - S Shetty
- Centre for Liver Research, NIHR Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - YH Oo
- Centre for Liver Research, NIHR Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - A Riva
- Viral Hepatitis Group, The Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
| | - S Chokshi
- Viral Hepatitis Group, The Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
| | - S Papa
- Cell Signaling Group, The Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
| | - Z Mi
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University, Chicago, USA
| | - PC Kuo
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University, Chicago, USA
| | - R Williams
- Regeneration and Repair Group, The Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
| | - A Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - DH Adams
- Centre for Liver Research, NIHR Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - AM Diehl
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA
| | - LA van Grunsven
- Liver Cell Biology Lab (LIVR), Department of Cell Biology (CYTO), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - SS Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA,Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Durham Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - WK Syn
- Regeneration and Repair Group, The Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK,Centre for Liver Research, NIHR Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, UK,Department of Hepatology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK,Senior and Corresponding Author: Dr Wing-Kin Syn, Head of Liver Regeneration and Repair, The Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London WC1E 6HX, Tel: 44-20272559837,
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Stanton T, Krishnasamy R, Hawley C, Pascoe E, Campbell K, Rossi M, Beetham K, Patchey W, Coombes J, Leano R, Haluska B, Isbel N. Left ventricular global longitudinal strain is associated with novel uraemic toxins, obesity and arterial stiffness in chronic kidney disease. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Stanton T, Krishnasamy R, Hawley C, Howden E, Beetham K, Strand H, Leano R, Haluska B, Coombes J, Isbel N. Association between left ventricular global longitudinal strain, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kanlaya R, Sintiprungrat K, Thongboonkerd V, Torremade N, Bindels R, Hoenderop J, Fernandez E, Dusso A, Valdivielso JM, Krueger T, Boor P, Schafer C, Westenfeld R, Brandenburg V, Schlieper G, Jahnen-Dechent W, Ketteler M, Jee W, Li X, Richards B, Floege J, Goncalves JG, Canale D, de Braganca AC, Shimizu MHM, Moyses RMA, Andrade L, Seguro AC, Volpini RA, Romoli S, Migliorini A, Anders HJ, Eskova O, Neprintseva N, Tchebotareva N, Bobkova I, Kozlovskaya L, Simic I, Tabatabaeifar M, Wlodkowski T, Denc H, Mollet G, Antignac C, Schaefer F, Ekaterina IA, Giardino L, Rastaldi MP, Van den Heuvel L, Levtchenko E, Okina C, Okamoto T, Kamata M, Murano J, Kobayashi K, Takeuchi K, Kamata F, Sakai T, Naito S, Aoyama T, Sano T, Takeuchi Y, Kamata K, Thomasova D, Bruns HA, Liapis H, Anders HJ, Iwashita T, Hasegawa H, Takayanagi K, Shimizu T, Asakura J, Okazaki S, Kogure Y, Hatano M, Hara H, Inamura M, Iwanaga M, Mitani T, Mitarai T, Savin VJ, Sharma M, Wei C, Reiser J, McCarthy ET, Sharma R, Gauchat JF, Eneman B, Freson K, Van den Heuvel L, Van Geet C, Levtchenko E, Choi DE, Jeong JY, Chang YK, Na KR, Lee KW, Shin YT, Ni HF, Chen JF, Zhang MH, Pan MM, Liu BC, Lee KW, Jeong JY, Choi DE, Chang YK, Kim SS, Na KR, Shin YT, Suzuki T, Iyoda M, Matsumoto K, Shindo-Hirai Y, Kuno Y, Wada Y, Yamamoto Y, Shibata T, Akizawa T, Munoz-Felix JM, Lopez-Novoa JM, Martinez-Salgado C, Ehling J, Babickova J, Gremse F, Kiessling F, Floege J, Lammers T, Boor P, Lech M, Gunthner R, Lorenz G, Ryu M, Grobmayr R, Susanti H, Kobayashi KS, Flavell RA, Anders HJ, Rayego-Mateos S, Morgado J, Sanz AB, Eguchi S, Pato J, Keri G, Egido J, Ortiz A, Ruiz-Ortega M, Leduc M, Geerts L, Grouix B, Sarra-Bournet F, Felton A, Gervais L, Abbott S, Duceppe JS, Zacharie B, Penney C, Laurin P, Gagnon L, Detsika MG, Duann P, Lianos EA, Leong KI, Chiang CK, Yang CC, Wu CT, Chen LP, Hung KY, Liu SH, Carvalho FF, Teixeira VP, Almeida WS, Schor N, Small DM, Bennett NC, Coombes J, Johnson DW, Gobe GC, Montero N, Prada A, Riera M, Orfila M, Pascual J, Rodriguez E, Barrios C, Kokeny G, Fazekas K, Rosivall L, Mozes MM, Munoz-Felix JM, Lopez-Novoa JM, Martinez-Salgado C, Hornigold N, Hughes J, Mooney A, Benardeau A, Riboulet W, Vandjour A, Jacobsen B, Apfel C, Conde-Knape K, Grouix B, Felton A, Sarra-Bournet F, Leduc M, Geerts L, Gervais L, Abbott S, Bienvenu JF, Duceppe JS, Zacharie B, Penney C, Laurin P, Gagnon L, Tanaka T, Yamaguchi J, Nangaku M, Niwa T, Bolati D, Shimizu H, Yisireyili M, Nishijima F, Brocca A, Virzi G, de Cal M, Ronco C, Priante G, Musacchio E, Valvason C, Sartori L, Piccoli A, Baggio B, Boor P, Perkuhn M, Weibrecht M, Zok S, Martin IV, Schoth F, Ostendorf T, Kuhl C, Floege J, Karabaeva A, Essaian A, Beresneva O, Parastaeva M, Kayukov I, Smirnov A, Audzeyenka I, Kasztan M, Piwkowska A, Rogacka D, Angielski S, Jankowski M, Bockmeyer CL, Kokowicz K, Agustian PA, Zell S, Wittig J, Becker JU, Nishizono R, Venkatareddy MP, Chowdhury MA, Wang SQ, Fukuda A, Wickman LT, Yang Y, Wiggins RC, Fazio MR, Donato V, Lucisano S, Cernaro V, Lupica R, Trimboli D, Montalto G, Aloisi C, Mazzeo AT, Buemi M, Gawrys O, Olszynski KH, Kuczeriszka M, Gawarecka K, Swiezewska E, Chmielewski M, Masnyk M, Rafalowska J, Kompanowska-Jezierska E, Lee WC, Chau YY, Lee LC, Chiu CH, Lee CT, Chen JB, Kim WK, Shin SJ. Experimental models of CKD. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Skinner T, Jenkins D, Coombes J, Leveritt M, Taaffe D. Does training status influence peak caffeine levels following caffeine ingestion? J Sci Med Sport 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Dias K, Baumert M, Jellis C, Coombes J, Sacre J. Comparison of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Non-Invasive Indices of Baroreflex Sensitivity in the Assessment of Diabetic Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sacre J, Jellis C, Coombes J. Effects of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy on Blood Pressure, Aortic Stiffness, and Central Pressure Loading in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Weston K, Sacre J, Coombes J. Contribution of autonomic dysfunction to abnormal exercise blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Sci Med Sport 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Howden E, Leano R, Petchey W, Isbel N, Coombes J, Marwick T. A one-year lifestyle intervention improves myocardial function in patients with chronic kidney disease. J Sci Med Sport 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Skinner T, Taaffe D, Leveritt M, Coombes J, Jenkins D. Does coinciding exercise onset with peak caffeine levels improve cycling performance? J Sci Med Sport 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cronin N, Dev S, Coombes J, Fan K. OMFS referral: an audit of standard practice and pilot of a novel web-based referral system. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2011.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sacre J, Franjic B, Jellis C, Coombes J, Marwick T, Baumert M. QT Interval Variability is Associated with 123I-MIBG Cardiac Sympathetic Integrity in Type 2 Diabetes. Heart Lung Circ 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2011.05.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Skinner T, Folling J, Leveritt M, Coombes J, Taaffe D, Jenkins D. Effect of a high carbohydrate meal on serum caffeine concentrations following caffeine ingestion. J Sci Med Sport 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2010.10.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sacre J, Jellis C, Haluska B, Jenkins C, Coombes J, Marwick T. Exercise Intolerance in Type 2 Diabetes: Left Ventricular Dysfunction or Impaired Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Blood Flow? Heart Lung Circ 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2010.06.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Coombes J. Optimising exercise training in chronic disease. J Sci Med Sport 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Stefanko G, Lancashire B, Coombes J, Fassett R. Hyponatremia and pulmonary oedema during ironman triathlon. J Sci Med Sport 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Howden E, Holland D, Coombes J, Sharman J. Paradoxical blunting of the central pulse pressure response to exercise in patients with chronic kidney disease. J Sci Med Sport 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sacre J, Franjic B, Jellis C, Jenkins C, Coombes J, Marwick T. Regional Myocardial Dysfunction is Independently Associated with Regional Sympathetic Dysinnervation in Type 2 Diabetes. Heart Lung Circ 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2010.06.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hordern M, Foot W, Prins J, Marwick T, Coombes J. The effect of a three-year exercise intervention on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Sci Med Sport 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Skinner T, Jenkins D, Leveritt M, Coombes J. The effects of caffeine on 2000m rowing performance. J Sci Med Sport 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2008.12.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hordern M, Cooney L, Prins J, Marwick T, Coombes J. The effect of a two-year lifestyle intervention on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Sci Med Sport 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2008.12.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hordern M, Marwick T, Burton N, Brown W, Coombes J. Effects of lifestyle intervention on physical activity in type 2 diabetes. J Sci Med Sport 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2008.12.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Van Rosendal S, Strobel N, Osborne M, Coombes J. Effects of intravenous fluid and oral glycerol on rehydration and exercise performance in a hot/humid environment. J Sci Med Sport 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2008.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hordern M, Smith L, Beller E, Prins J, Marwick T, Coombes J. Effects of a short-term exercise intervention on insulin sensitivity in Type II Diabetes. J Sci Med Sport 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2006.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Scott J, Sharman J, Coombes J, Prins J, Marwick T. 189 Myocardial afterload is significantly elevated post maximal exercise in normotensive patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Sci Med Sport 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1440-2440(17)30685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Demirel HA, Powers SK, Zergeroglu MA, Shanely RA, Hamilton K, Coombes J, Naito H. Short-term exercise improves myocardial tolerance to in vivo ischemia-reperfusion in the rat. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2001; 91:2205-12. [PMID: 11641363 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.5.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
These experiments examined the independent effects of short-term exercise and heat stress on myocardial responses during in vivo ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Female Sprague-Dawley rats (4 mo old) were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups: 1) control, 2) 3 consecutive days of treadmill exercise [60 min/day at 60-70% maximal O2 uptake (VO2 max)], 3) 5 consecutive days of treadmill exercise (60 min/day at 60-70% VO2 max), and 4) whole body heat stress (15 min at 42 degrees C). Twenty-four hours after heat stress or exercise, animals were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated, and the chest was opened by thoracotomy. Coronary occlusion was maintained for 30-min followed by a 30-min period of reperfusion. Compared with control, both heat-stressed animals and exercised animals (3 and 5 days) maintained higher (P < 0.05) left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximum rate of left ventricular pressure development (+dP/dt), and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure decline (-dP/dt) at all measurement periods during both ischemia and reperfusion. No differences existed between heat-stressed and exercise groups in LVDP, +dP/dt, and -dP/dt at any time during ischemia or reperfusion. Both heat stress and exercise resulted in an increase (P < 0.05) in the relative levels of left ventricular heat shock protein 72 (HSP72). Furthermore, exercise (3 and 5 days) increased (P < 0.05) myocardial glutathione levels and manganese superoxide dismutase activity. These data indicate that 3-5 consecutive days of exercise improves myocardial contractile performance during in vivo I/R and that this exercise-induced myocardial protection is associated with an increase in both myocardial HSP72 and cardiac antioxidant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Demirel
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences and Physiology and the Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Vrabas IS, Dodd SL, Powers SK, Hughes M, Coombes J, Fletcher L, Demirel H, Reid MB. Endurance training reduces the rate of diaphragm fatigue in vitro. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999; 31:1605-12. [PMID: 10589864 DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199911000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study examined the effects of endurance training on the contractile and biochemical properties of the rat costal diaphragm in vitro. METHODS Sixty-four rats were divided into two groups: exercise trained (T) and control (C). Training consisted of treadmill running 5 d x wk(-1), 60 min x d(-1) at approximately 70% of VO2max, over a 10-wk period. RESULTS Control diaphragm strips produced an average of 12% less force from minute 15 to 50 of a 60-min in vitro fatigue protocol, compared with the T diaphragm strips (P < 0.01). T diaphragms had 10.1% higher citrate synthase (CS) and 12.1% higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities compared with the C (P < 0.05). Despite a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in Type IIb myosin heavy chains (MHC) and an increase (P < 0.05) in Type I MHC in T diaphragms, maximal shortening velocity (Vmax) in the diaphragm was not different between T and C animals. No differences were observed in specific force or the relative proportions of myosin light chains between groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that endurance training reduces the rate of diaphragm fatigue in vitro but has no effect on Vmax or specific force.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Vrabas
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA
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Hodge K, Powers SK, Coombes J, Fletcher L, Demirel HA, Dodd SL, Martin D. Bioenergetic characteristics of the costal and crural diaphragm in mammals. Respir Physiol 1997; 109:149-54. [PMID: 9299646 DOI: 10.1016/s0034-5687(97)00051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
These experiments compared oxidative and glycolytic enzyme activity in the costal and crural diaphragm in seven adult mammals (mouse, rat, rabbit, ferret, sheep, pig, cow) ranging in body mass from approximately 0.03 to 422 kg. Segments of the costal and crural diaphragm from the aforementioned species were homogenized to determine the activities of the glycolytic enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and the Krebs cycle enzyme, citrate synthase (CS). The results indicated that metabolic differences between the costal and crural diaphragm do not exist in all mammalian species. Specifically, CS activity differed (P < 0.05) between the costal and crural diaphragm (costal approximately 36% greater than crural) in only two species (rat and rabbit). Further, the oxidative capacity of the costal and crural diaphragm was significantly correlated with both breathing frequency and resting metabolic rate (r = 0.92 - 0.57; P < 0.05) across the species investigated. In contrast, glycolytic capacity was not significantly correlated (P > 0.05) with either breathing frequency or resting metabolic rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hodge
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences and Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA
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Abstract
Interest in the adaptive strategies of respiratory muscles in response to exercise training has grown in recent years. Animal studies have clearly demonstrated that regular endurance exercise training results in small but significant increases in oxidative and antioxidant enzyme activities in both inspiratory and expiratory muscles. Further, exercise training has been shown to promote a shift in the fast myosin heavy chain isoforms (e.g. from type IIb to IId) within the costal diaphragm of endurance-trained rodents. Human studies using numerous respiratory muscle training programmes have shown that respiratory muscle training results in an increased work capacity of the ventilatory musculature. However, the issue of whatever respiratory muscle training improves whole body endurance capacity remains controversial. Although some authors have reported that ventilatory muscle training results in improved whole body exercise, many investigators argue that respiratory muscle performance does not limit high intensity exercise tolerance or influence maximum oxygen table uptake (VO2max). The explanation for the divergent findings is unclear but may be due to variance in the exercise tasks used to evaluate exercise endurance. This is an interesting area for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Powers
- Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
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Coombes J. Wolf in sheep's clothing. Interview by Chris Mahony. Nurs Times 1997; 93:10-1. [PMID: 9128597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Grace M, Fletcher L, Powers SK, Hughes M, Coombes J. A comparison of maximal bioenergetic enzyme activities obtained with commonly used homogenization techniques. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1996; 36:281-6. [PMID: 9062053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Homogenization of tissue for analysis of bioenergetic enzyme activities is a common practice in studies examining metabolic properties of skeletal muscle adaptation to disease, aging, inactivity or exercise. While numerous homogenization techniques are in use today, limited information exists concerning the efficacy of specific homogenization protocols. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of four commonly used approaches to homogenizing skeletal muscle for analysis of bioenergetic enzyme activity. The maximal enzyme activity (Vmax) of citrate synthase (CS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured from homogenous muscle samples (N = 48 per homogenization technique) and used as indicators to determine which protocol had the highest efficacy. The homogenization techniques were: (1) glass-on-glass pestle; (2) a combination of a mechanical blender and a teflon pestle (Potter-Elvehjem); (3) a combination of the mechanical blender and a biological detergent; and (4) the combined use of a mechanical blender and a sonicator. The glass-on-glass pestle homogenization protocol produced significantly higher (P < 0.05) enzyme activities compared to all other protocols for both enzymes. Of the four protocols examined, the data demonstrate that the glass-on-glass pestle homogenization protocol is the technique of choice for studying bioenergetic enzyme activity in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Grace
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences and Physiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
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Powers SK, Farkas GA, Demirel H, Coombes J, Fletcher L, Hughes MG, Hodge K, Dodd SL, Schlenker EH. Effects of aging and obesity on respiratory muscle phenotype in Zucker rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1996; 81:1347-54. [PMID: 8889773 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1996.81.3.1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Because obesity results in an increased work of breathing, we tested the hypothesis that the oxidative properties and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform profiles in respiratory muscles would differ between lean and obese animals. Furthermore, we postulated that obesity-related changes in respiratory muscles would be independent of age. To test these hypothesis, samples of the costal diaphragm, crural diaphragm, and parasternal intercostal muscles were removed from three age groups (young, adult, and old) of obese and lean Zucker rats. Citrate synthase (CS) activity was measured as a marker of oxidative capacity, and MHC isoforms were identified with gel electrophoresis. Analysis revealed that CS activity was significantly higher in the crural and costal diaphragms and parasternal intercostal of obese animals compared with lean animals (P < 0.05); this obesity-related increased in CS activity was related independent of age. Furthermore, respiratory muscle percent type IIb MHC was lower and percent type I MHC isoforms were higher in obese animals compared with lean animals. These data support the notion that obesity results in a fast-to-slow shift in MHC phenotype and an increase in oxidative capacity in major inspiratory muscles. The shift in MHC isoforms in obese animals is also age related, whereas the obesity-mediated increase in oxidative capacity is relatively independent of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Powers
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA
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Coombes J, Demirel HA, Powers SK, Caillaud C, Fletcher LA, Vrabas I, Hughes M, Jessup J, Ji LL. EXERCISE TRAINING AND THE INCIDENCE OF ISCHEMIAREPERFUSION INDUCED CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS IN THE RAT 1257. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996. [DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199605001-01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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