1
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Yakushev A, Lens L, Düllmann CE, Khuyagbaatar J, Jäger E, Krier J, Runke J, Albers HM, Asai M, Block M, Despotopulos J, Di Nitto A, Eberhardt K, Forsberg U, Golubev P, Götz M, Götz S, Haba H, Harkness-Brennan L, Herzberg RD, Heßberger FP, Hinde D, Hübner A, Judson D, Kindler B, Komori Y, Konki J, Kratz J, Kurz N, Laatiaoui M, Lahiri S, Lommel B, Maiti M, Mistry AK, Mokry C, Moody KJ, Nagame Y, Omtvedt JP, Papadakis P, Pershina V, Rudolph D, Samiento L, Sato T, Schädel M, Scharrer P, Schausten B, Shaughnessy DA, Steiner J, Thörle-Pospiech P, Toyoshima A, Trautmann N, Tsukada K, Uusitalo J, Voss KO, Ward A, Wegrzecki M, Wiehl N, Williams E, Yakusheva V. On the adsorption and reactivity of element 114, flerovium. Front Chem 2022; 10:976635. [PMID: 36092655 PMCID: PMC9453156 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.976635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Flerovium (Fl, element 114) is the heaviest element chemically studied so far. To date, its interaction with gold was investigated in two gas-solid chromatography experiments, which reported two different types of interaction, however, each based on the level of a few registered atoms only. Whereas noble-gas-like properties were suggested from the first experiment, the second one pointed at a volatile-metal-like character. Here, we present further experimental data on adsorption studies of Fl on silicon oxide and gold surfaces, accounting for the inhomogeneous nature of the surface, as it was used in the experiment and analyzed as part of the reported studies. We confirm that Fl is highly volatile and the least reactive member of group 14. Our experimental observations suggest that Fl exhibits lower reactivity towards Au than the volatile metal Hg, but higher reactivity than the noble gas Rn.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Yakushev
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- *Correspondence: A. Yakushev,
| | - L. Lens
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ch. E. Düllmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Khuyagbaatar
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - E. Jäger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J. Krier
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J. Runke
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - H. M. Albers
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M. Asai
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan
| | - M. Block
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Despotopulos
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - A. Di Nitto
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - K. Eberhardt
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - M. Götz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Götz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | - F. P. Heßberger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - D. Hinde
- Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - A. Hübner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D. Judson
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B. Kindler
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - J. Konki
- University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J.V. Kratz
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - N. Kurz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M. Laatiaoui
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Lahiri
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
| | - B. Lommel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M. Maiti
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - A. K. Mistry
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ch. Mokry
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - K. J. Moody
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Y. Nagame
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan
| | | | - P. Papadakis
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - V. Pershina
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - T.K. Sato
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan
| | - M. Schädel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P. Scharrer
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - B. Schausten
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D. A. Shaughnessy
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - J. Steiner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P. Thörle-Pospiech
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - N. Trautmann
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - K. Tsukada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan
| | | | - K.-O. Voss
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A. Ward
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M. Wegrzecki
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Electron Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - N. Wiehl
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - E. Williams
- Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - V. Yakusheva
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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2
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Yakushev A, Lens L, Düllmann CE, Block M, Brand H, Calverley T, Dasgupta M, Di Nitto A, Götz M, Götz S, Haba H, Harkness-Brennan L, Herzberg RD, Heßberger FP, Hinde D, Hübner A, Jäger E, Judson D, Khuyagbaatar J, Kindler B, Komori Y, Konki J, Kratz J, Krier J, Kurz N, Laatiaoui M, Lommel B, Lorenz C, Maiti M, Mistry A, Mokry C, Nagame Y, Papadakis P, Såmark-Roth A, Rudolph D, Runke J, Sarmiento L, Sato T, Schädel M, Scharrer P, Schausten B, Steiner J, Thörle-Pospiech P, Toyoshima A, Trautmann N, Uusitalo J, Ward A, Wegrzecki M, Yakusheva V. First Study on Nihonium (Nh, Element 113) Chemistry at TASCA. Front Chem 2021; 9:753738. [PMID: 34917588 PMCID: PMC8669335 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.753738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nihonium (Nh, element 113) and flerovium (Fl, element 114) are the first superheavy elements in which the 7p shell is occupied. High volatility and inertness were predicted for Fl due to the strong relativistic stabilization of the closed 7p 1/2 sub-shell, which originates from a large spin-orbit splitting between the 7p 1/2 and 7p 3/2 orbitals. One unpaired electron in the outermost 7p 1/2 sub-shell in Nh is expected to give rise to a higher chemical reactivity. Theoretical predictions of Nh reactivity are discussed, along with results of the first experimental attempts to study Nh chemistry in the gas phase. The experimental observations verify a higher chemical reactivity of Nh atoms compared to its neighbor Fl and call for the development of advanced setups. First tests of a newly developed detection device miniCOMPACT with highly reactive Fr isotopes assure that effective chemical studies of Nh are within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Yakushev
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - L. Lens
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ch. E. Düllmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Block
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - H. Brand
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T. Calverley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M. Dasgupta
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - A. Di Nitto
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Götz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Götz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - R-D. Herzberg
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - F. P. Heßberger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - D. Hinde
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - A. Hübner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - E. Jäger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D. Judson
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J. Khuyagbaatar
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - B. Kindler
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - J. Konki
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J.V. Kratz
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Krier
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - N. Kurz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M. Laatiaoui
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - B. Lommel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - M. Maiti
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - A.K. Mistry
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ch. Mokry
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Y. Nagame
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan
| | - P. Papadakis
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - D. Rudolph
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - J. Runke
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - T.K. Sato
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan
| | - M. Schädel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P. Scharrer
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - B. Schausten
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J. Steiner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P. Thörle-Pospiech
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - N. Trautmann
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Uusitalo
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - A. Ward
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M. Wegrzecki
- Łukasiewicz-Instytut Mikroelektroniki I Fotoniki, Warsaw, Poland
| | - V. Yakusheva
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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3
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Såmark-Roth A, Cox DM, Rudolph D, Sarmiento LG, Carlsson BG, Egido JL, Golubev P, Heery J, Yakushev A, Åberg S, Albers HM, Albertsson M, Block M, Brand H, Calverley T, Cantemir R, Clark RM, Düllmann CE, Eberth J, Fahlander C, Forsberg U, Gates JM, Giacoppo F, Götz M, Götz S, Herzberg RD, Hrabar Y, Jäger E, Judson D, Khuyagbaatar J, Kindler B, Kojouharov I, Kratz JV, Krier J, Kurz N, Lens L, Ljungberg J, Lommel B, Louko J, Meyer CC, Mistry A, Mokry C, Papadakis P, Parr E, Pore JL, Ragnarsson I, Runke J, Schädel M, Schaffner H, Schausten B, Shaughnessy DA, Thörle-Pospiech P, Trautmann N, Uusitalo J. Spectroscopy along Flerovium Decay Chains: Discovery of ^{280}Ds and an Excited State in ^{282}Cn. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:032503. [PMID: 33543956 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.032503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A nuclear spectroscopy experiment was conducted to study α-decay chains stemming from isotopes of flerovium (element Z=114). An upgraded TASISpec decay station was placed behind the gas-filled separator TASCA at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung in Darmstadt, Germany. The fusion-evaporation reactions ^{48}Ca+^{242}Pu and ^{48}Ca+^{244}Pu provided a total of 32 flerovium-candidate decay chains, of which two and eleven were firmly assigned to ^{286}Fl and ^{288}Fl, respectively. A prompt coincidence between a 9.60(1)-MeV α particle event and a 0.36(1)-MeV conversion electron marked the first observation of an excited state in an even-even isotope of the heaviest man-made elements, namely ^{282}Cn. Spectroscopy of ^{288}Fl decay chains fixed Q_{α}=10.06(1) MeV. In one case, a Q_{α}=9.46(1)-MeV decay from ^{284}Cn into ^{280}Ds was observed, with ^{280}Ds fissioning after only 518 μs. The impact of these findings, aggregated with existing data on decay chains of ^{286,288}Fl, on the size of an anticipated shell gap at proton number Z=114 is discussed in light of predictions from two beyond-mean-field calculations, which take into account triaxial deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Såmark-Roth
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - D M Cox
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - D Rudolph
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - L G Sarmiento
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - B G Carlsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - J L Egido
- Departamento de Física Teórica and CIAFF, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Golubev
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - J Heery
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - A Yakushev
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Åberg
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - H M Albers
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Albertsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Block
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Brand
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Calverley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - R Cantemir
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R M Clark
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Ch E Düllmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Eberth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - C Fahlander
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - U Forsberg
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - J M Gates
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - F Giacoppo
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Götz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Götz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R-D Herzberg
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - Y Hrabar
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - E Jäger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Judson
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - J Khuyagbaatar
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B Kindler
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - I Kojouharov
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J V Kratz
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Krier
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - N Kurz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - L Lens
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Ljungberg
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - B Lommel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Louko
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - C-C Meyer
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Mistry
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Mokry
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Papadakis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - E Parr
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J L Pore
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I Ragnarsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - J Runke
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Schädel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - H Schaffner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Schausten
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D A Shaughnessy
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P Thörle-Pospiech
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N Trautmann
- Department Chemie-Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Uusitalo
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
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4
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Khuyagbaatar J, Albers HM, Block M, Brand H, Cantemir RA, Di Nitto A, Düllmann CE, Götz M, Götz S, Heßberger FP, Jäger E, Kindler B, Kratz JV, Krier J, Kurz N, Lommel B, Lens L, Mistry A, Schausten B, Uusitalo J, Yakushev A. Search for Electron-Capture Delayed Fission in the New Isotope ^{244}Md. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:142504. [PMID: 33064498 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.142504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The electron-capture decay followed by a prompt fission process was searched for in the hitherto unknown most neutron-deficient Md isotope with mass number 244. Alpha decay with α-particle energies of 8.73-8.86 MeV and with a half-life of 0.30_{-0.09}^{+0.19} s was assigned to ^{244}Md. No fission event with a similar half-life potentially originating from spontaneous fissioning of the short-lived electron-capture decay daughter ^{244}Fm was observed, which results in an upper limit of 0.14 for the electron-capture branching of ^{244}Md. Two groups of fission events with half-lives of 0.9_{-0.3}^{+0.6} ms and 5_{-2}^{+3} ms were observed. The 0.9_{-0.3}^{+0.6} ms activity was assigned to originate from the decay of ^{245}Md. The origin of eight fission events resulting in a half-life of 5_{-2}^{+3} ms could not be unambiguously identified within the present data while the possible explanation has to invoke previously unseen physics cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Khuyagbaatar
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - H M Albers
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Block
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Brand
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R A Cantemir
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Di Nitto
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ch E Düllmann
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Götz
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Götz
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - F P Heßberger
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - E Jäger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Kindler
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J V Kratz
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Krier
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - N Kurz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Lommel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - L Lens
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Mistry
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Schausten
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Uusitalo
- University of Jyväskylä, 40351 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - A Yakushev
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
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5
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Banerjee K, Hinde DJ, Dasgupta M, Simpson EC, Jeung DY, Simenel C, Swinton-Bland BMA, Williams E, Carter IP, Cook KJ, David HM, Düllmann CE, Khuyagbaatar J, Kindler B, Lommel B, Prasad E, Sengupta C, Smith JF, Vo-Phuoc K, Walshe J, Yakushev A. Mechanisms Suppressing Superheavy Element Yields in Cold Fusion Reactions. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:232503. [PMID: 31298876 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.232503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Superheavy elements are formed in fusion reactions which are hindered by fast nonequilibrium processes. To quantify these, mass-angle distributions and cross sections have been measured, at beam energies from below-barrier to 25% above, for the reactions of ^{48}Ca, ^{50}Ti, and ^{54}Cr with ^{208}Pb. Moving from ^{48}Ca to ^{54}Cr leads to a drastic fall in the symmetric fission yield, which is reflected in the measured mass-angle distribution by the presence of competing fast nonequilibrium deep inelastic and quasifission processes. These are responsible for reduction of the compound nucleus formation probablity P_{CN} (as measured by the symmetric-peaked fission cross section), by a factor of 2.5 for ^{50}Ti and 15 for ^{54}Cr in comparison to ^{48}Ca. The energy dependence of P_{CN} indicates that cold fusion reactions (involving ^{208}Pb) are not driven by a diffusion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Banerjee
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - D J Hinde
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - M Dasgupta
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - E C Simpson
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - D Y Jeung
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - C Simenel
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - B M A Swinton-Bland
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - E Williams
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - I P Carter
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - K J Cook
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - H M David
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ch E Düllmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Khuyagbaatar
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B Kindler
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Lommel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - E Prasad
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - C Sengupta
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - J F Smith
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - K Vo-Phuoc
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - J Walshe
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - A Yakushev
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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6
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Chhetri P, Ackermann D, Backe H, Block M, Cheal B, Droese C, Düllmann CE, Even J, Ferrer R, Giacoppo F, Götz S, Heßberger FP, Huyse M, Kaleja O, Khuyagbaatar J, Kunz P, Laatiaoui M, Lautenschläger F, Lauth W, Lecesne N, Lens L, Minaya Ramirez E, Mistry AK, Raeder S, Van Duppen P, Walther T, Yakushev A, Zhang Z. Precision Measurement of the First Ionization Potential of Nobelium. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:263003. [PMID: 30004781 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.263003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important atomic properties governing an element's chemical behavior is the energy required to remove its least-bound electron, referred to as the first ionization potential. For the heaviest elements, this fundamental quantity is strongly influenced by relativistic effects which lead to unique chemical properties. Laser spectroscopy on an atom-at-a-time scale was developed and applied to probe the optical spectrum of neutral nobelium near the ionization threshold. The first ionization potential of nobelium is determined here with a very high precision from the convergence of measured Rydberg series to be 6.626 21±0.000 05 eV. This work provides a stringent benchmark for state-of-the-art many-body atomic modeling that considers relativistic and quantum electrodynamic effects and paves the way for high-precision measurements of atomic properties of elements only available from heavy-ion accelerator facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chhetri
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstrasse 7, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Ackermann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP 55027-14076 Caen Cedex 05, France
| | - H Backe
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher Weg 45, D 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Block
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Fritz-Strassmann Weg 2, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - B Cheal
- Department of Physics, Oxford Street, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZE Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Droese
- Institut für Physik, Universität Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Strasse 6, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ch E Düllmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Fritz-Strassmann Weg 2, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Even
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands
| | - R Ferrer
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Giacoppo
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Götz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Fritz-Strassmann Weg 2, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - F P Heßberger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Huyse
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - O Kaleja
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstrasse 9, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Khuyagbaatar
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Kunz
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - M Laatiaoui
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - F Lautenschläger
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstrasse 7, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - W Lauth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher Weg 45, D 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - N Lecesne
- Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP 55027-14076 Caen Cedex 05, France
| | - L Lens
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Fritz-Strassmann Weg 2, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - E Minaya Ramirez
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - A K Mistry
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Raeder
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Van Duppen
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Th Walther
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstrasse 7, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Yakushev
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Z Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, 730000 Lanzhou, China
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7
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Raeder S, Ackermann D, Backe H, Beerwerth R, Berengut JC, Block M, Borschevsky A, Cheal B, Chhetri P, Düllmann CE, Dzuba VA, Eliav E, Even J, Ferrer R, Flambaum VV, Fritzsche S, Giacoppo F, Götz S, Heßberger FP, Huyse M, Kaldor U, Kaleja O, Khuyagbaatar J, Kunz P, Laatiaoui M, Lautenschläger F, Lauth W, Mistry AK, Minaya Ramirez E, Nazarewicz W, Porsev SG, Safronova MS, Safronova UI, Schuetrumpf B, Van Duppen P, Walther T, Wraith C, Yakushev A. Probing Sizes and Shapes of Nobelium Isotopes by Laser Spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:232503. [PMID: 29932712 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.232503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Until recently, ground-state nuclear moments of the heaviest nuclei could only be inferred from nuclear spectroscopy, where model assumptions are required. Laser spectroscopy in combination with modern atomic structure calculations is now able to probe these moments directly, in a comprehensive and nuclear-model-independent way. Here we report on unique access to the differential mean-square charge radii of ^{252,253,254}No, and therefore to changes in nuclear size and shape. State-of-the-art nuclear density functional calculations describe well the changes in nuclear charge radii in the region of the heavy actinides, indicating an appreciable central depression in the deformed proton density distribution in ^{252,254}No isotopes. Finally, the hyperfine splitting of ^{253}No was evaluated, enabling a complementary measure of its (quadrupole) deformation, as well as an insight into the neutron single-particle wave function via the nuclear spin and magnetic moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Raeder
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Ackermann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- GANIL, CEA/DRF-CNRS/IN2P3, Boulevard Henri Becquerel, BP 55027, F-14076 Caen, France
| | - H Backe
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - R Beerwerth
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - J C Berengut
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - M Block
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Borschevsky
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Cheal
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZE Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - P Chhetri
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ch E Düllmann
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - V A Dzuba
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - E Eliav
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Even
- KVI-CART, University of Groningen, 9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R Ferrer
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - V V Flambaum
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - S Fritzsche
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - F Giacoppo
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Götz
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - F P Heßberger
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Huyse
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - U Kaldor
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - O Kaleja
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Khuyagbaatar
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P Kunz
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - M Laatiaoui
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F Lautenschläger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - W Lauth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - A K Mistry
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - W Nazarewicz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and FRIB Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S G Porsev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute of NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Gatchina, Leningrad District 188300, Russia
| | - M S Safronova
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - U I Safronova
- Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - B Schuetrumpf
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P Van Duppen
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Walther
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Wraith
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZE Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Yakushev
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
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8
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Hinde D, Dasgupta M, Jeung D, Mohanto G, Prasad E, Simenel C, Williams E, Carter I, Cook K, Kalkal S, Rafferty D, Simpson E, David H, Düllmann C, Khuyagbaatar J. Quasifission Dynamics in the Formation of Superheavy Elements. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201716300023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Eichler R, Asai M, Brand H, Chiera N, Di Nitto A, Dressler R, Düllmann C, Even J, Fangli F, Goetz M, Haba H, Hartmann W, Jäger E, Kaji D, Kanaya J, Kaneya Y, Khuyagbaatar J, Kindler B, Komori Y, Kraus B, Kratz J, Krier J, Kudou Y, Kurz N, Miyashita S, Morimoto K, Morita K, Murakami M, Nagame Y, Ooe K, Piguet D, Sato N, Sato T, Steiner J, Steinegger P, Sumita T, Takeyama M, Tanaka K, Tomitsuka T, Toyoshima A, Tsukada K, Türler A, Usoltsev I, Wakabayashi Y, Wang Y, Wiehl N, Wittwer Y, Yakushev A, Yamaki S, Yano S, Yamaki S, Qin Z. Complex chemistry with complex compounds. EPJ Web Conf 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201613107005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Hinde D, Dasgupta M, Jeung D, Mohanto G, Prasad E, Simenel C, Walshe J, Wahkle A, Williams E, Carter I, Cook K, Kalkal S, Rafferty D, Rietz RD, Simpson E, David H, Düllmann C, Khuyagbaatar J. Quasifission in heavy and superheavy element formation reactions. EPJ Web Conf 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201613104004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Khuyagbaatar J, Yakushev A, Düllmann C, Ackermann D, Andersson LL, Block M, Brand H, Even J, Forsberg U, Hartmann W, Herzberg RD, Heßberger F, Hoffmann J, Hübner A, Jäger E, Jeppsson J, Kindler B, Kratz J, Krier J, Kurz N, Lommel B, Maiti M, Minami S, Rudolph D, Runke J, Sarmiento L, Schädel M, Schausten B, Steiner J, Heidenreich TTD, Uusitalo J, Wiehl N, Yakusheva V. Fission in the landscape of heaviest elements: Some recent examples. EPJ Web Conf 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201613103003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Prasad E, Hinde DJ, Williams E, Dasgupta M, Carter IP, Cook KJ, Jeung DY, Luong DH, McNeil S, Palshetkar CS, Rafferty DC, Simenel C, Wakhle A, Ramachandran K, Khuyagbaatar J, Dullmann CE, Lommel B, Kindler B. Mass-asymmetric fission in the 40ca+ 142Nd reaction. EPJ Web Conf 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201612303006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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13
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Khuyagbaatar J, Yakushev A, Düllmann CE, Ackermann D, Andersson LL, Block M, Brand H, Cox DM, Even J, Forsberg U, Golubev P, Hartmann W, Herzberg RD, Heßberger FP, Hoffmann J, Hübner A, Jäger E, Jeppsson J, Kindler B, Kratz JV, Krier J, Kurz N, Lommel B, Maiti M, Minami S, Mistry AK, Mrosek CM, Pysmenetska I, Rudolph D, Sarmiento LG, Schaffner H, Schädel M, Schausten B, Steiner J, De Heidenreich TT, Uusitalo J, Wegrzecki M, Wiehl N, Yakusheva V. New Short-Lived Isotope ^{221}U and the Mass Surface Near N=126. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:242502. [PMID: 26705628 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.242502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two short-lived isotopes ^{221}U and ^{222}U were produced as evaporation residues in the fusion reaction ^{50}Ti+^{176}Yb at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA. An α decay with an energy of E_{α}=9.31(5) MeV and half-life T_{1/2}=4.7(7) μs was attributed to ^{222}U. The new isotope ^{221}U was identified in α-decay chains starting with E_{α}=9.71(5) MeV and T_{1/2}=0.66(14) μs leading to known daughters. Synthesis and detection of these unstable heavy nuclei and their descendants were achieved thanks to a fast data readout system. The evolution of the N=126 shell closure and its influence on the stability of uranium isotopes are discussed within the framework of α-decay reduced width.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Khuyagbaatar
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Yakushev
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ch E Düllmann
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Ackermann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - M Block
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Brand
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D M Cox
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - J Even
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - W Hartmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R-D Herzberg
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - F P Heßberger
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Hoffmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Hübner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - E Jäger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - B Kindler
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J V Kratz
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Krier
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - N Kurz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Lommel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Maiti
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Minami
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A K Mistry
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - Ch M Mrosek
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - I Pysmenetska
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - H Schaffner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Schädel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Schausten
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Steiner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - J Uusitalo
- University of Jyväskylä, 40351 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - M Wegrzecki
- The Institute of Electron Technology, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Wiehl
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - V Yakusheva
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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14
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Even J, Yakushev A, Düllmann CE, Haba H, Asai M, Sato TK, Brand H, Di Nitto A, Eichler R, Fan FL, Hartmann W, Huang M, Jäger E, Kaji D, Kanaya J, Kaneya Y, Khuyagbaatar J, Kindler B, Kratz JV, Krier J, Kudou Y, Kurz N, Lommel B, Miyashita S, Morimoto K, Morita K, Murakami M, Nagame Y, Nitsche H, Ooe K, Qin Z, Schädel M, Steiner J, Sumita T, Takeyama M, Tanaka K, Toyoshima A, Tsukada K, Türler A, Usoltsev I, Wakabayashi Y, Wang Y, Wiehl N, Yamaki S. Nuclear chemistry. Synthesis and detection of a seaborgium carbonyl complex. Science 2014; 345:1491-3. [PMID: 25237098 DOI: 10.1126/science.1255720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Experimental investigations of transactinoide elements provide benchmark results for chemical theory and probe the predictive power of trends in the periodic table. So far, in gas-phase chemical reactions, simple inorganic compounds with the transactinoide in its highest oxidation state have been synthesized. Single-atom production rates, short half-lives, and harsh experimental conditions limited the number of experimentally accessible compounds. We applied a gas-phase carbonylation technique previously tested on short-lived molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W) isotopes to the preparation of a carbonyl complex of seaborgium, the 106th element. The volatile seaborgium complex showed the same volatility and reactivity with a silicon dioxide surface as those of the hexacarbonyl complexes of the lighter homologs Mo and W. Comparison of the product's adsorption enthalpy with theoretical predictions and data for the lighter congeners supported a Sg(CO)6 formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Even
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Yakushev
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ch E Düllmann
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany. GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany.
| | - H Haba
- RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Asai
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - T K Sato
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - H Brand
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Di Nitto
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R Eichler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - F L Fan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - W Hartmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Huang
- RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - E Jäger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Kaji
- RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Kanaya
- RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Kaneya
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | | | - B Kindler
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J V Kratz
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Krier
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Y Kudou
- RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - N Kurz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Lommel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Miyashita
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan. Department of Chemistry, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | | | - K Morita
- RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - M Murakami
- RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. Department of Chemistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Y Nagame
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - H Nitsche
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-8169, USA
| | - K Ooe
- Department of Chemistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Z Qin
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - M Schädel
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - J Steiner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Sumita
- RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - K Tanaka
- RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Toyoshima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - K Tsukada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - A Türler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - I Usoltsev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Y Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - N Wiehl
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany. Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Yamaki
- RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. Department of Physics, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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15
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Khuyagbaatar J, Yakushev A, Düllmann CE, Ackermann D, Andersson LL, Asai M, Block M, Boll RA, Brand H, Cox DM, Dasgupta M, Derkx X, Di Nitto A, Eberhardt K, Even J, Evers M, Fahlander C, Forsberg U, Gates JM, Gharibyan N, Golubev P, Gregorich KE, Hamilton JH, Hartmann W, Herzberg RD, Heßberger FP, Hinde DJ, Hoffmann J, Hollinger R, Hübner A, Jäger E, Kindler B, Kratz JV, Krier J, Kurz N, Laatiaoui M, Lahiri S, Lang R, Lommel B, Maiti M, Miernik K, Minami S, Mistry A, Mokry C, Nitsche H, Omtvedt JP, Pang GK, Papadakis P, Renisch D, Roberto J, Rudolph D, Runke J, Rykaczewski KP, Sarmiento LG, Schädel M, Schausten B, Semchenkov A, Shaughnessy DA, Steinegger P, Steiner J, Tereshatov EE, Thörle-Pospiech P, Tinschert K, Torres De Heidenreich T, Trautmann N, Türler A, Uusitalo J, Ward DE, Wegrzecki M, Wiehl N, Van Cleve SM, Yakusheva V. 48Ca+249Bk fusion reaction leading to element Z = 117: long-lived α-decaying 270Db and discovery of 266Lr. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:172501. [PMID: 24836239 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.172501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The superheavy element with atomic number Z=117 was produced as an evaporation residue in the (48)Ca+(249)Bk fusion reaction at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. The radioactive decay of evaporation residues and their α-decay products was studied using a detection setup that allowed measuring decays of single atomic nuclei with half-lives between sub-μs and a few days. Two decay chains comprising seven α decays and a spontaneous fission each were identified and are assigned to the isotope (294)117 and its decay products. A hitherto unknown α-decay branch in (270)Db (Z = 105) was observed, which populated the new isotope (266)Lr (Z = 103). The identification of the long-lived (T(1/2) = 1.0(-0.4)(+1.9) h) α-emitter (270)Db marks an important step towards the observation of even more long-lived nuclei of superheavy elements located on an "island of stability."
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Affiliation(s)
- J Khuyagbaatar
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany and GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Yakushev
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ch E Düllmann
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany and GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany and Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Ackermann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - M Asai
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - M Block
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R A Boll
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - H Brand
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D M Cox
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - M Dasgupta
- The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - X Derkx
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany and Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Di Nitto
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Eberhardt
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany and Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Even
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Evers
- The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | | | | | - J M Gates
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N Gharibyan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | | | - K E Gregorich
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J H Hamilton
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - W Hartmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R-D Herzberg
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - F P Heßberger
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany and GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D J Hinde
- The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - J Hoffmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R Hollinger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Hübner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - E Jäger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Kindler
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J V Kratz
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Krier
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - N Kurz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Laatiaoui
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Lahiri
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - R Lang
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Lommel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Maiti
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - K Miernik
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Minami
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Mistry
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C Mokry
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany and Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Nitsche
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - G K Pang
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Papadakis
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom and University of Jyväskylä, 40351 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - D Renisch
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Roberto
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | | | - J Runke
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K P Rykaczewski
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | | | - M Schädel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany and Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - B Schausten
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - D A Shaughnessy
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - P Steinegger
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland and University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Steiner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - E E Tereshatov
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - P Thörle-Pospiech
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany and Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Tinschert
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - N Trautmann
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Türler
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland and University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Uusitalo
- University of Jyväskylä, 40351 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - D E Ward
- Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Wegrzecki
- Institute of Electron Technology, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Wiehl
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany and Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S M Van Cleve
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - V Yakusheva
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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Forsberg U, Rudolph D, Golubev P, Sarmiento L, Yakushev A, Andersson LL, Nitto AD, Düllmann C, Gates J, Gregorich K, Gross C, Heßberger F, Herzberg RD, Khuyagbaatar J, Kratz J, Rykaczewski K, Schädel M, Åberg S, Ackermann D, Block M, Brand H, Carlsson B, Cox D, Derkx X, Eberhardt K, Even J, Fahlander C, Gerl J, Jäger E, Kindler B, Krier J, Kojouharov I, Kurz N, Lommel B, Mistry A, Mokry C, Nitsche H, Omtvedt J, Papadakis P, Ragnarsson I, Runke J, Schaffner H, Schausten B, Thörle-Pospiech P, Torres T, Traut T, Trautmann N, Türler A, Ward A, Ward D, Wiehl AN. Spectroscopic Tools Applied to Element Z = 115 Decay Chains. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146602036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Nishio K, Ikezoe H, Hofmann S, Heßberger F, Ackermann D, Antalic S, Aritomo Y, Comas V, Düllman C, Gorshkov A, Graeger R, Heinz S, Heredia J, Hirose K, Khuyagbaatar J, Kindler B, Kojouharov I, Lommel B, Makii H, Mann R, Mitsuoka S, Nagame Y, Nishinaka I, Ohtsuki T, Popeko A, Saro S, Schädel M, Türler A, Wakabayashi Y, Watanabe Y, Yakushev A, Yeremin A. Study of heavy-ion induced fission for heavy-element synthesis. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146603065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Khuyagbaatar J, Hinde D, du Rietz R, Carter IP, Dasgupta M, Düllmann C, Evers M, Wakhle A, Williams E, Yakushev A. Study of fusion reactions forming Cf nuclei. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136302015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rudolph D, Forsberg U, Golubev P, Sarmiento LG, Yakushev A, Andersson LL, Di Nitto A, Düllmann CE, Gates JM, Gregorich KE, Gross CJ, Heßberger FP, Herzberg RD, Khuyagbaatar J, Kratz JV, Rykaczewski K, Schädel M, Åberg S, Ackermann D, Block M, Brand H, Carlsson BG, Cox D, Derkx X, Eberhardt K, Even J, Fahlander C, Gerl J, Jäger E, Kindler B, Krier J, Kojouharov I, Kurz N, Lommel B, Mistry A, Mokry C, Nitsche H, Omtvedt JP, Papadakis P, Ragnarsson I, Runke J, Schaffner H, Schausten B, Thörle-Pospiech P, Torres T, Traut T, Trautmann N, Türler A, Ward A, Ward DE, Wiehl N. Spectroscopy of element 115 decay chains. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:112502. [PMID: 24074079 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.112502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A high-resolution α, x-ray, and γ-ray coincidence spectroscopy experiment was conducted at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung. Thirty correlated α-decay chains were detected following the fusion-evaporation reaction 48Ca + 243Am. The observations are consistent with previous assignments of similar decay chains to originate from element Z=115. For the first time, precise spectroscopy allows the derivation of excitation schemes of isotopes along the decay chains starting with elements Z>112. Comprehensive Monte Carlo simulations accompany the data analysis. Nuclear structure models provide a first level interpretation.
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Nishio K, Ikezoe H, Hofmann S, Ackermann D, Antalic S, Aritomo Y, Comas V, Düllmann C, Gorshkov A, Graeger R, Hagino K, Heinz S, Heredia J, Hirose K, Khuyagbaatar J, Kindler B, Kojouharov I, Lommel B, Makii H, Mann R, Mitsuoka S, Nagame Y, Nishinaka I, Ohtsuki T, Popeko A, Saro S, Schädel M, Türler A, Wakabayashi Y, Watanabe Y, Yakushev A, Yeremin A. Investigation of fission properties and evaporation residue measurement in the reactions using238U target nucleus. EPJ Web of Conferences 2011. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20111709005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Khuyagbaatar J, Nishio K, Ackermann D, Block M, Heinz S, Heβberger F, Hofmann S, Ikezoe H, Kindler B, Lommel B, Makii H, Mitsuoka S, Nishinaka I, Wakabayashi Y, Yan S. Study of nuclear structure influencing fusion reactions. EPJ Web of Conferences 2011. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20111705003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Düllmann CE, Schädel M, Yakushev A, Türler A, Eberhardt K, Kratz JV, Ackermann D, Andersson LL, Block M, Brüchle W, Dvorak J, Essel HG, Ellison PA, Even J, Gates JM, Gorshkov A, Graeger R, Gregorich KE, Hartmann W, Herzberg RD, Hessberger FP, Hild D, Hübner A, Jäger E, Khuyagbaatar J, Kindler B, Krier J, Kurz N, Lahiri S, Liebe D, Lommel B, Maiti M, Nitsche H, Omtvedt JP, Parr E, Rudolph D, Runke J, Schausten B, Schimpf E, Semchenkov A, Steiner J, Thörle-Pospiech P, Uusitalo J, Wegrzecki M, Wiehl N. Production and decay of element 114: high cross sections and the new nucleus 277Hs. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:252701. [PMID: 20867370 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.252701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The fusion-evaporation reaction 244Pu(48Ca,3-4n){288,289}114 was studied at the new gas-filled recoil separator TASCA. Thirteen correlated decay chains were observed and assigned to the production and decay of {288,289}114. At a compound nucleus excitation energy of E{*}=39.8-43.9 MeV, the 4n evaporation channel cross section was 9.8{-3.1}{+3.9} pb. At E^{*}=36.1-39.5 MeV, that of the 3n evaporation channel was 8.0{-4.5}{+7.4} pb. In one of the 3n evaporation channel decay chains, a previously unobserved α branch in 281Ds was observed (probability to be of random origin from background: 0.1%). This α decay populated the new nucleus 277Hs, which decayed by spontaneous fission after a lifetime of 4.5 ms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch E Düllmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
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