1
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Zhang X, Donahue JP. The single-atom R1: a new optimization method to solve crystal structures. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2024; 80:237-248. [PMID: 38497453 PMCID: PMC11067948 DOI: 10.1107/s2053273324001554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
A crystal structure with N atoms in its unit cell can be solved starting from a model with atoms 1 to j - 1 being located. To locate the next atom j, the method uses a modified definition of the traditional R1 factor where its dependencies on the locations of atoms j + 1 to N are removed. This modified R1 is called the single-atom R1 (sR1), because the locations of atoms 1 to j - 1 in sR1 are the known parameters, and only the location of atom j is unknown. Finding the correct position of atom j translates thus into the optimization of the sR1 function, with respect to its fractional coordinates, xj, yj, zj. Using experimental data, it has been verified that an sR1 has a hole near each missing atom. Further, it has been verified that an algorithm based on sR1, hereby called the sR1 method, can solve crystal structures (with up to 156 non-hydrogen atoms in the unit cell). The strategy to carry out this calculation has also been optimized. The main feature of the sR1 method is that, starting from a single arbitrarily positioned atom, the structure is gradually revealed. With the user's help to delete poorly determined parts of the structure, the sR1 method can build the model to a high final quality. Thus, sR1 is a viable and useful tool for solving crystal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- Chemistry Department, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - James P. Donahue
- Chemistry Department, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
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2
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Wu C, Kakarla LN, Chandrasekaran CP, Zhang X, Mague JT, Sproules S, Donahue JP. Asymmetric by Design: Heteroleptic Coordination Compounds with Redox-Active Dithiolene and 1,2,4,5-Tetrakis(isopropylthio)benzene Ligands. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:173-183. [PMID: 38134365 PMCID: PMC10777400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(alkylthio)benzenes are redox-active organosulfur molecules that support oxidation to a stable radical cation. Their utility as ligands for the assembly of multimetal complexes with tailored functionality/property is unexamined. Here, 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(isopropylthio)benzene (tptbz, 1) is shown to bind PdCl2 at either one end, leaving the other open, or at both ends to form centrosymmetric [Cl2Pd(tptbz)PdCl2], 4. Ligand metathesis between Na2[(N≡C)2C2S2] (Na2mnt) and [Cl2M(tptbz)] (M = Pd, 2; M = Pt, 3) yields [(mnt)M(tptbz)] (M = Pd, 5; M = Pt, 6), but an alternative route involving transmetalation with [(mnt)SnMe2] delivers substantially greater yield. The mixed dithiolene-dithioether compound [(Ph2C2S2)Pt(tptbz)] (8) is formed by a similar transmetalation protocol using [(Ph2C2S2)SnnBu2]. Compounds 5, 6, and 8 are the first such heteroleptic complexes prepared by deliberate synthesis. The cyclic voltammetry of 8 reveals anodic waves at +0.14 and +0.97 V vs Fc+/Fc, which are attributed to successive dithiolene oxidation processes. While oxidized at +0.73 V as a free ligand, the redox-active MO of tptbz is pushed to a higher potential upon coordination to Pt2+ and is inaccessible. Calculations of the structures of [8]+ and of [((Cl2-3,5-C6H3)2C2S2)Pt(tptbz)]+ show that, in the latter, the dithiolene MOs are drawn down in energy into proximity with the tptbz MOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Lakshmi Nishanth Kakarla
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
| | | | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
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3
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Wang B, Barnes J, Ferrara SJ, Sproules S, Zhang X, Mague JT, Donahue JP. Fully Reduced and Mixed-Valent Multi-Copper Aggregates Supported by Tetradentate Diamino Bis(thiolate) Ligands. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37310001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tetradentate diamino bis(thiolate) ligands (l-N2S2(2-)) with saturated linkages between heteroatoms support fully reduced [(Cu(l-N2S2))2Cu2] complexes that bear relevance as an entry point toward molecules featuring the Cu2ICu2II(μ4-S) core composition of nitrous oxide reductase (N2OR). Tetracopper [(Cu(l-N2(SMe2)2))2Cu2] (l-N2(SMe2H)2 = N1,N2-bis(2-methyl-2-mercaptopropane)-N1,N2-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine) does not support clean S atom oxidative addition but undergoes Cl atom transfer from PhICl2 or Ph3CCl to afford [(Cu(l-N2(SMe2)2))3(CuCl)5], 14. When introduced to Cu(I) sources, the l-N2(SArH)2 ligand (l-N2(SArH)2 = N1,N2-bis(2-mercaptophenyl)-N1,N2-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine), made by a newly devised route from N1,N2-bis(2-fluorophenyl)-N1,N2-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine, ultimately yields the mixed-valent pentacopper [(Cu(l-N2SAr2))3Cu2] (19), which has 3-fold rotational symmetry (D3) around a Cu2 axis. The single CuII ion of 19 is ensconced within an equatorial l-N2(SAr)2(2-) ligand, as shown by 14N coupling in its EPR spectrum. Formation of 19 proceeds from an initial, fully reduced product, [(Cu(l-N2SAr2))3Cu2(Cu(MeCN))] (17), which is C2 symmetric and exceedingly air-sensitive. While unreactive toward chalcogen donors, 19 supports reversible reduction to the all-cuprous state; generation of [19]1- and treatment with S atom donors only return 19 because structural adjustments necessary for oxidative addition are noncompetitive with outer-sphere electron transfer. Oxidation of 19 is marked by intense darkening, consistent with greater mixed valency, and by dimerization in the crystalline state to a decacopper species ([20]2+) of S4 symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5638, United States
| | - Justin Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5638, United States
| | - Skylar J Ferrara
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5638, United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5638, United States
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5638, United States
| | - James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5638, United States
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4
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Das Gupta T, Applebaum J, Broussard W, Mack C, Wu C, Mague JT, Donahue JP. Bis[1,2-bis-(4- tert-butyl-phen-yl)ethyl-ene-1,2-di-thiol-ato(1-)]nickel(II) pentane 0.25-solvate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2023; 79:182-186. [PMID: 36910003 PMCID: PMC9993911 DOI: 10.1107/s205698902300097x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The title compound, [Ni(C22H26S2)2], 1, is a square-planar D 2h -symmetric compound that occurs on a general position in non-centrosymmetric tetra-gonal P41212 (No. 92) with ¼ eq of n-pentane (C5H12) as co-crystallite. Intra-ligand bond lengths show the di-thiol-ene ligands to be in their half-oxidized radical monoanionic form. Inter-molecular t Bu-C-H⋯arenecentroid and t Bu-C-H⋯NiS2C2 centroid close contacts guide the packing arrangement for 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titir Das Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Jack Applebaum
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - William Broussard
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Carson Mack
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Che Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
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5
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Chandrasekaran CP, Donahue JP. Crystal structure of 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one. Acta Cryst E 2022; 78:1103-1106. [PMID: 36380904 PMCID: PMC9638974 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989022009239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
4,5-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one crystallizes on a mirror plane in P21/m and forms layered sheets that comprise antiparallel linear strands. Close O⋯H, C⋯O and C⋯C intermolecular contacts are formed between strands and sheets. The planar title compound 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one, C5H6O3, 1, crystallizes with its molecular C2 axis coincident with a crystallographic mirror plane in space group P21/m. In the plane defined by the b axis and an ac face diagonal, antiparallel linear strands of 1, formed by simple translation, associate to form sheets with close H⋯H and O⋯O intermolecular contacts. Between the sheets, parallel strands of 1 place the carbonyl O atom near the five-membered ring centroid of a neighboring molecule with close O⋯O and O⋯C contacts.
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6
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Kumar S, Selvachandran M, Wu C, Pascal RA, Zhang X, Grusenmeyer T, Schmehl RH, Sproules S, Mague JT, Donahue JP. Heterotrimetallic Assemblies with 1,2,4,5-Tetrakis(diphenylphosphino)benzene Bridges: Constructs for Controlling the Separation and Spatial Orientation of Redox-Active Metallodithiolene Groups. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:17804-17818. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Malathy Selvachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Che Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Robert A. Pascal
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Tod Grusenmeyer
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Russell H. Schmehl
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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7
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Koehne S, Mirmelli B, Mague JT, Donahue JP. Bis[1,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene-1,2-dithiolato(1–)]nickel(II). IUCrData 2022; 7:x220148. [DOI: 10.1107/s2414314622001481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, [Ni(S2C2(C6H4-p-Cl)2)2] or [Ni(C14H8Cl2S2)2], crystallizes in the triclinic space group P\overline{1} as pairs of molecules disposed about an inversion center at the bc face of the cell. Close intermolecular C—H...S (2.884 Å) and C—H...Ni (3.032 Å) contacts that are less than the sum of the van der Waals radii appear to induce slight bowing of the molecular planes toward one another. The angles at which the four p-ClC6H4- rings join the NiS2C2 chelate rings [39.37 (9)– 53.41 (6)°] are similarly influenced by these intermolecular contacts. In the larger packing arrangement, sheets of molecules extend in the direction of the ac face diagonal.
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8
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Balch A, Everett G, Power PP, Armstrong WH, Kovacs J, Stack TDP, Donahue JP, Gray TG, Groysman S, Deng L. Richard Hadley Holm: A Remembrance and A Tribute. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02603594.2021.1971203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Balch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Grover Everett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Philip P. Power
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | | | - Julie Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - T. D. P. Stack
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Thomas G. Gray
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Liang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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9
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Kumar S, Selvachandran M, Arumugam K, Shaw MC, Wu C, Maurer M, Zhang X, Sproules S, Mague JT, Donahue JP. Open-Ended Metallodithiolene Complexes with the 1,2,4,5-Tetrakis(diphenylphosphino)benzene Ligand: Modular Building Elements for the Synthesis of Multimetal Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13177-13192. [PMID: 34370468 PMCID: PMC8424627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Open-ended, singly
metalated dithiolene complexes with 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(diphenylphosphino)benzene
(tpbz) are prepared either by ligand transfer to [Cl2M(tpbz)]
from (R2C2S2)SnR′2 (R = CN, R′ = Me; R = Me, R′ = nBu) or by a direct reaction between tpbz and [M(S2C2R2)2] (M = Ni, Pd, Pt; R = Ph, p-anisyl) in a 1:1 ratio. The formation of dimetallic [(R2C2S2)M(tpbz)M(S2C2R2)] attends these syntheses in modest amounts, but the
open-ended compounds are readily separated by silica chromatography.
As affirmed by X-ray crystallographic characterization of numerous
members of the set, the [(R2C2S2)M(tpbz)]
compounds show dithiolene ligands in their fully reduced ene-1,2-dithiolate
form conjoined with divalent Group 10 ions. Minor amounts of octahedral
[(Ph2C2S2)2PtIV(tpbz)], a presumed intermediate, are isolated from the preparation
of [(Ph2C2S2)PtII(tpbz)].
Heterodimetallic [(Ph2C2S2)Pt(tpbz)Ni(S2C2Me2)] is prepared from [(Ph2C2S2)PtII(tpbz)]; its cyclic voltammogram,
upon anodic scanning, shows two pairs of closely spaced, but resolved,
1e– oxidations corresponding first to [R2C2S22–] –
1e– → [R2C2S•S–] and then to [R2C2S•S–] – 1e– → [R2(C=S)2]. The open diphosphine
of [(R2C2S2)M(tpbz)] can be oxidized
to afford open-ended [(R2C2S2)M(tpbzE2)] (E = O, S). Synthesis of the octahedral [(dppbO2)3Ni][I3]2 [dppbO2 =
1,2-bis(diphenylphosphoryl)benzene] suggests that the steric profile
of [(R2C2S2)M(tpbzE2)]
is moderated enough that three could be accommodated as ligands around
a metal ion. Open-ended metallodithiolene complexes
with 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(diphenylphosphino)benzene
(tpbz) are prepared either by the reaction of [M(S2C2R2)2] with tpbz in a 1:1 ratio or by
transmetalation from [(R2C2S2)SnR′2] to [Cl2M(tpbz)]. 31P NMR spectroscopy
provides a clear diagnostic with the metalated (∼55 ppm) and
open-phosphine (−14 ppm) signals. These compounds may be metalated
at their open end to produce heterodimetallic compounds, or the open
phosphines may be oxidized with chalcogen donors to the corresponding
phosphine oxides or sulfides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Malathy Selvachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Kuppuswamy Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, Ohio 45435-0001, United States
| | - Mohamed C Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Che Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Michael Maurer
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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10
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Selvachandran M, Kumar S, Zhang X, Mague JT, Donahue JP. Tetrakis-1,2,4,5-(bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphino)benzene (Me16tpbz): A soluble and spectroscopically simple variant of the 1,2,4,5-tetraphosphinobenzene ligand platform. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Maier S, Donahue JP, Jacobsen H. Surprises with coordination geometries of cationic copper(I) complexes. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Obanda A, Valerius K, Mague JT, Sproules S, Donahue JP. Group 10 Metal Dithiolene Bis(isonitrile) Complexes: Synthesis, Structures, Properties, and Reactivity. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antony Obanda
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Kendra Valerius
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
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13
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Chen Y, Wang B, Fontenot P, Donahue JP. Tris[ N, N-bis(3,5-di- tert-butylbenzyl)dithiocarbamato-κ 2
S, S′]-μ 3-sulfido-tris-μ 2-disulfido- triangulo-trimolybdenum(IV) iodide. IUCr Data 2020; 5:x200939. [DOI: 10.1107/s2414314620009396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, [Mo3(C31H46NS2)3S7]I, crystallizes on a threefold rotational axis in P31c (space group No. 159). The [Mo3S7(S2CN(CH2C6H3-3,5-
t
Bu2)2)3]+ cations are arrayed in sheets in the ab plane with interligand hydrophobic interactions between tert-butyl groups guiding the packing arrangement. These cations form stacks parallel to the c axis with a separating distance of 10.9815 (6) Å (the c axis length) between the Mo3 centroids. On the underside of the cluster, opposite the μ3-S2− ligand, the iodide counteranion forms close contacts of 3.166 (2) Å with the sulfur atoms of the μ2-S2
2− ligands. These contacts are less than the sum of the van der Waals radii of the atoms (1.8 and 2.1 Å for S and I, respectively), thus indicating an appreciable degree of covalency to the [Mo3S7(S2CN(CH2C6H3-3,5-
t
Bu2)2)3]+...I− interactions.
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14
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Xiao Y, Mague JT, Donahue JP, Wilson LJ, Kraml CM, Pascal RA. Synthesis and Structures of Polyphenylphenanthrenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:8458-8464. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonglong Xiao
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
| | | | | | - Robert A. Pascal
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
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15
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Fontenot PR, Shan B, Wang B, Simpson S, Ragunathan G, Greene AF, Obanda A, Hunt LA, Hammer NI, Webster CE, Mague JT, Schmehl RH, Donahue JP. Photocatalytic H 2-Evolution by Homogeneous Molybdenum Sulfide Clusters Supported by Dithiocarbamate Ligands. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16458-16474. [PMID: 31790221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Irradiation at 460 nm of [Mo3(μ3-S)(μ2-S2)3(S2CNR2)3]I ([2a]I, R = Me; [2b]I, R = Et; [2c]I, R = iBu; [2d]I, R = CH2C6H5) in a mixed aqueous-polar organic medium with [Ru(bipy)3]2+ as photosensitizer and Et3N as electron donor leads to H2 evolution. Maximum activity (300 turnovers, 3 h) is found with R = iBu in 1:9 H2O:MeCN; diminished activity is attributed to deterioration of [Ru(bipy)3]2+. Monitoring of the photolysis mixture by mass spectrometry suggests transformation of [Mo3(μ3-S)(μ2-S2)3(S2CNR2)3]+ to [Mo3(μ3-S)(μ2-S)3(S2CNR2)3]+ via extrusion of sulfur on a time scale of minutes without accumulation of the intermediate [Mo3S6(S2CNR2)3]+ or [Mo3S5(S2CNR2)3]+ species. Deliberate preparation of [Mo3S4(S2CNEt2)3]+ ([3]+) and treatment with Et2NCS21- yields [Mo3S4(S2CNEt2)4] (4), where the fourth dithiocarbamate ligand bridges one edge of the Mo3 triangle. Photolysis of 4 leads to H2 evolution but at ∼25% the level observed for [Mo3S7(S2CNEt2)3]+. Early time monitoring of the photolyses shows that [Mo3S4(S2CNEt2)4] evolves H2 immediately and at constant rate, while [Mo3S7(S2CNEt2)3]+ shows a distinctive incubation prior to a more rapid H2 evolution rate. This observation implies the operation of catalysts of different identity in the two cases. Photolysis solutions of [Mo3S7(S2CNiBu2)3]+ left undisturbed over 24 h deposit the asymmetric Mo6 cluster [(iBu2NCS2)3(μ2-S2)2(μ3-S)Mo3](μ3-S)(μ3-η2,η1-S',η1-S″-S2)[Mo3(μ2-S)3(μ3-S)(S2CNiBu2)2(μ2-S2CNiBu2)] in crystalline form, suggesting that species with this hexametallic composition and core topology are the probable H2-evolving catalysts in photolyses beginning with [Mo3S7(S2CNR2)3]+. When used as solvent, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) suppresses H2-evolution but to a greater degree for [Mo3S4(S2CNEt2)4] than for [Mo3S7(S2CNEt2)3]+. Recrystallization of [Mo3S4(S2CNEt2)4] from DMF affords [Mo3S4(S2CNEt2)4(η1,κO-DMF)] (5), implying that inhibition by DMF arises from competition for a Mo coordination site that is requisite for H2 evolution. Computational assessment of [Mo3S4(S2CNMe2)3]+ following addition of 2H+ and 2e- suggests a Mo(H)-μ2(SH) intermediate as the lowest energy species for H2 elimination. An analogous pathway may be available to the Mo6 cluster via dissociation of one end of the μ2-S2CNR2 ligand, a known hemilabile ligand type, in the [Mo3S4]4+ fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia R Fontenot
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Bing Shan
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Spenser Simpson
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Gayathri Ragunathan
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Angelique F Greene
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Antony Obanda
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Leigh Anna Hunt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Mississippi , Oxford , Mississippi 38655 , United States
| | - Nathan I Hammer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Mississippi , Oxford , Mississippi 38655 , United States
| | - Charles Edwin Webster
- Department of Chemistry , Mississippi State University , P.O. Box 9573, Mississippi State , Mississippi 39762-9573 , United States
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Russell H Schmehl
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
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16
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Dougherty KJ, Qin Q, Cruz R, Cho Y, Donahue JP, Mague JT, Wilson LJ, Kraml CM, Pascal RA. A Simple, Serendipitous Synthesis of Heterohexahelicenes. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qian Qin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Loyola University; 70118 New Orleans LA USA
| | - Ricardo Cruz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Loyola University; 70118 New Orleans LA USA
| | - Yeyoung Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Loyola University; 70118 New Orleans LA USA
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry; Tulane University; 70118 New Orleans LA USA
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry; Tulane University; 70118 New Orleans LA USA
| | | | | | - Robert A. Pascal
- Department of Chemistry; Tulane University; 70118 New Orleans LA USA
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17
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Abstract
The intrinsic redox activity of the dithiolene ligand is presented here as the novel spin host in the design of a prototype molecular electron spin qubit, where the traditional roles of the metal and ligand components in coordination complexes are inverted. A series of paramagnetic bis(dithiolene) complexes with group 10 metals-nickel, palladium, platinum-provides a backdrop to investigate the spin dynamics of the organic ligand radical using pulsed EPR spectroscopy. The temperature dependence of the phase memory time (TM ) is shown to be dependent on the identity of the diamagnetic metal ion, with the short times recorded for platinum a consequence of a diminishing spin-lattice (T1 ) relaxation time driven by spin-orbit coupling. The utility of the radical ligand spin center is confirmed when it delivers one of the longest phase memory times ever recorded for a molecular two-qubit prototype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake McGuire
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Haralampos N Miras
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70118, USA
| | - Emma Richards
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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18
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Goyal N, Donahue JP, Do C, Perry T, Bongay-Williams K, Foroozesh M. A dibenzofuran derivative: 2-(pentyloxy)dibenzo[ b,d]furan. IUCrdata 2018; 3:x181306. [PMID: 31363506 PMCID: PMC6667227 DOI: 10.1107/s2414314618013068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, C17H18O2, crystallizes in two-dimensional sheets, in which the 2-(pentyloxy)dibenzo[b,d]furan molecules are arranged in a head-to-head and tail-to-tail fashion that enables hydrophobic interactions between fully extended 2-pentoxy chains and π-π stacking between dibenzofuran rings in adjacent rings. Nearest intermolecular π-π stacking contacts are 3.3731 (12) Å. The molecule is nearly planar with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0803 Å from the mean plane defined by the nineteen non-hydrogen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Camilla Do
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
| | - Timothy Perry
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
| | - Kyla Bongay-Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
| | - Maryam Foroozesh
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
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19
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Abstract
In the title flavonoid derivative, C19H16O5, the chromene portion is planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.022 Å) with the substituents lying closely to the same plane. The dihedral angle between its mean plane and that of the benzene ring is 4.9 (1)°. This planarity is due, in part, to the presence of a strong intramolecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond and to two weak C-H⋯O contacts. In the crystal, neighboring molecules are linked by a C-H⋯O hydrogen bond and a C-H⋯π interaction, forming chains along the a-axis direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
| | - Camilla Do
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
| | - James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Maryam Foroozesh
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
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20
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Arumugam K, Selvachandran M, Obanda A, Shaw MC, Chandrasekaran P, Caston Good SL, Mague JT, Sproules S, Donahue JP. Redox-Active Metallodithiolene Groups Separated by Insulating Tetraphosphinobenzene Spacers. Inorg Chem 2018. [PMID: 29533607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Compounds of the type [(S2C2R2)M(μ-tpbz)M(S2C2R2)] (R = CN, Me, Ph, p-anisyl; M = Ni, Pd, Pt; tpbz = 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(diphenylphosphino)benzene) have been prepared by transmetalation with [(S2C2R2)SnR'2] reagents, by direct displacement of dithiolene ligand from [M(S2C2R2)2] with 0.5 equiv of tpbz, or by salt metathesis using Na2[S2C2(CN)2] in conjunction with X2M(μ-tpbz)MX2 (X = halide). X-ray crystallography reveals a range of topologies (undulating, chair, bowed) for the (S2C2)M(P2C6P2)M(S2C2) core. The [(S2C2R2)M(μ-tpbz)M(S2C2R2)] (R = Me, Ph, p-anisyl) compounds support reversible or quasireversible oxidations corresponding to concurrent oxidation of the dithiolene terminal ligands from ene-1,2-dithiolates to radical monoanions, forming [(-S•SC2R2)M(μ-tpbz)M(-S•SC2R2)]2+. The R = Ph and p-anisyl compounds support a second, reversible oxidation of the dithiolene ligands to their α-dithione form. In contrast, [(S2C2(CN)2)Ni(tpbz)Ni(S2C2(CN)2)] sustains only reversible, metal-centered reductions. Spectroscopic examination of [(-S•SC2( p-anisyl)2)Ni(μ-tpbz)Ni(-S•SC2( p-anisyl)2)]2+ by EPR reveals a near degenerate singlet-triplet ground state, with spectral simulation revealing a remarkably small dipolar coupling constant of 18 × 10-4 cm-1 that is representative of an interspin distance of 11.3 Å. This weak interaction is mediated by the rigid tpbz ligand, whose capacity to electronically insulate is an essential quality in the development of molecular-based spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppuswamy Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry , Wright State University , 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway , Dayton , Ohio 45435-0001 , United States
| | - Malathy Selvachandran
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Antony Obanda
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Mohamed C Shaw
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | | | - Sonya L Caston Good
- Department of Chemistry , Texas Southern University , 1300 Cleburne Street , Houston , Texas 77004 , United States
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , United Kingdom
| | - James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118-5698 , United States
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21
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Fontenot PR, Wang B, Chen Y, Donahue JP. Crystal structure of tetra-iso-butyl-thiuram di-sulfide. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2017; 73:1764-1769. [PMID: 29152369 PMCID: PMC5683509 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989017015158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tetra-kis(2-methyl-prop-yl)thio-per-oxy-dicarbonic di-amide, or tetra-iso-butyl-thiuram di-sulfide, C18H36N2S4, crystallizes in a general position in the triclinic space group P-1 but shows pseudo-C2 symmetry about the di-sulfide bond. The C-S-S-C torsion angle [-85.81 (2)°] and the dihedral angle between the two NCS2 mean planes [85.91 (5)°] are within the range observed for this compound type. Multiple intra- and inter-molecular S⋯H-C close contacts appear to play a role in assisting the specific conformation of the pendant isobutyl groups and the packing arrangement of mol-ecules within the cell. Tetra-iso-butyl-thiuram di-sulfide mol-ecules of one optical configuration form sheets in the plane of the a and b axes. Inversion centers exist between adjoining sheets, which stack along the c axis and alternate in the handedness of their constituent mol-ecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia R. Fontenot
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Yueli Chen
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York 11790-3400, USA
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
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22
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Obanda A, Martinez K, Schmehl RH, Mague JT, Rubtsov IV, MacMillan SN, Lancaster KM, Sproules S, Donahue JP. Expanding the Scope of Ligand Substitution from [M(S 2C 2Ph 2] (M = Ni 2+, Pd 2+, Pt 2+) To Afford New Heteroleptic Dithiolene Complexes. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:10257-10267. [PMID: 28820242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The scope of direct substitution of the dithiolene ligand from [M(S2C2Ph2)2] [M = Ni2+ (1), Pd2+ (2), Pt2+ (3)] to produce heteroleptic species [M(S2C2Ph2)2Ln] (n = 1, 2) has been broadened to include isonitriles and dithiooxamides in addition to phosphines and diimines. Collective observations regarding ligands that cleanly produce [M(S2C2Ph2)Ln], do not react at all, or lead to ill-defined decomposition identify soft σ donors as the ligand type capable of dithiolene substitution. Substitution of MeNC from [Ni(S2C2Ph2)(CNMe)2] by L provides access to a variety of heteroleptic dithiolene complexes not accessible from 1. Substitution of a dithiolene ligand from 1 involves net redox disproportionation of the ligands from radical monoanions, -S•SC2Ph2, to enedithiolate and dithione, the latter of which is an enhanced leaving group that is subject to further irreversible reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Obanda
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Kristina Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Russell H Schmehl
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Igor V Rubtsov
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow , University Avenue, Glasgow, Lanarkshire G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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23
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Donahue JP. Element mis-identification in X-ray crystallography: a series of case studies. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767317096106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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24
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Ferrara SJ, Wang B, Haas E, Wright LeBlanc K, Mague JT, Donahue JP. Synthesis and Structures of [LCu(I)(SSiiPr3)] (L = triphos, carbene) and Related Compounds. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:9173-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Skylar J. Ferrara
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Elaine Haas
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Karry Wright LeBlanc
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Geng
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Robert A. Pascal
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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26
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Yue Y, Grusenmeyer T, Ma Z, Zhang P, Pham TT, Mague JT, Donahue JP, Schmehl RH, Beratan DN, Rubtsov IV. Correction to “Evaluating the Extent of Intramolecular Charge Transfer in the Excited States of Rhenium(I) Donor–Acceptor Complexes with Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy”. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:596. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Ferrara SJ, Wang B, Donahue JP. An S4-symmetric mixed-valent decacopper cage comprised of [CuII(L-S2N2)] complexes bridged by CuI(MeCN)n (n = 1 or 2) cations. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:2997-3002. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04359j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative addition of 1,2,11,12-tetrathia-5,8,15,19-tetra(N-methylamino)cycloicosane to [Cu(MeCN)4][BF4] yields an S4-symmetric decacopper cage compound with four cupric ions in distorted square planar bis(amino) bis(thiolato) ligand environments bridged by six cuprous ions with MeCN ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Tulane University
- New Orleans
- USA
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Geng
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 (USA)
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 (USA)
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 (USA)
| | - Robert A. Pascal
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 (USA)
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29
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Geng X, Donahue JP, Mague JT, Pascal RA. The Hairpin Furans: Easily Prepared Hybrids of Helicenes and Twisted Acenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13957-60. [PMID: 26403622 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The thermal reaction of a cyclopentadienone with 6,6'-dimethoxy-5,5'-binaphthoquinone gives, in a single step, a molecular ribbon consisting of two twisted aromatic systems fused to a heteropentahelicene. Such molecules constitute a new class of chiral polycyclic aromatic compounds, the "hairpin furans".
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Geng
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 (USA)
| | - James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 (USA)
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 (USA)
| | - Robert A Pascal
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 (USA).
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30
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Pingali S, Donahue JP, Payton-Stewart F. Tetrahydroberberine, a pharmacologically active naturally occurring alkaloid. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2015; 71:262-5. [PMID: 25836282 PMCID: PMC4722501 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229615004076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydroberberine (systematic name: 9,10-dimethoxy-5,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[g][1,3]benzodioxolo[5,6-a]quinolizine), C20H21NO4, a widely distributed naturally occurring alkaloid, has been crystallized as a racemic mixture about an inversion center. A bent conformation of the molecule is observed, with an angle of 24.72 (5)° between the arene rings at the two ends of the reduced quinolizinium core. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds that play an apparent role in crystal packing are 1,3-benzodioxole -CH2···OCH3 and -OCH3···OCH3 interactions between neighboring molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanya Pingali
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of New Orleans, 1 Drexel Drive, Box 114, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Florastina Payton-Stewart
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of New Orleans, 1 Drexel Drive, Box 114, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
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31
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Abstract
[N(n-Bu)4]3[Re2(mnt)5] is the first class I, valence localized dirhenium(iii,iv) compound, with a metal–metal bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yan
- Department of Chemistry
- Tulane University
- New Orleans
- USA
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry
- Tulane University
- New Orleans
- USA
| | | | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of Glasgow
- Glasgow G12 8QQ
- UK
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Jayarathne U, Chandrasekaran P, Greene A, Mague JT, DeBeer S, Lancaster KM, Sproules S, Donahue JP. X-ray absorption spectroscopy systematics at the tungsten L-edge. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:8230-41. [PMID: 25068843 PMCID: PMC4139175 DOI: 10.1021/ic500256a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of mononuclear six-coordinate tungsten compounds spanning formal oxidation states from 0 to +VI, largely in a ligand environment of inert chloride and/or phosphine, was interrogated by tungsten L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The L-edge spectra of this compound set, comprised of [W(0)(PMe3)6], [W(II)Cl2(PMePh2)4], [W(III)Cl2(dppe)2][PF6] (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane), [W(IV)Cl4(PMePh2)2], [W(V)(NPh)Cl3(PMe3)2], and [W(VI)Cl6], correlate with formal oxidation state and have usefulness as references for the interpretation of the L-edge spectra of tungsten compounds with redox-active ligands and ambiguous electronic structure descriptions. The utility of these spectra arises from the combined correlation of the estimated branching ratio of the L3,2-edges and the L1 rising-edge energy with metal Zeff, thereby permitting an assessment of effective metal oxidation state. An application of these reference spectra is illustrated by their use as backdrop for the L-edge X-ray absorption spectra of [W(IV)(mdt)2(CO)2] and [W(IV)(mdt)2(CN)2](2-) (mdt(2-) = 1,2-dimethylethene-1,2-dithiolate), which shows that both compounds are effectively W(IV) species even though the mdt ligands exist at different redox levels in the two compounds. Use of metal L-edge XAS to assess a compound of uncertain formulation requires: (1) Placement of that data within the context of spectra offered by unambiguous calibrant compounds, preferably with the same coordination number and similar metal ligand distances. Such spectra assist in defining upper and/or lower limits for metal Zeff in the species of interest. (2) Evaluation of that data in conjunction with information from other physical methods, especially ligand K-edge XAS. (3) Increased care in interpretation if strong π-acceptor ligands, particularly CO, or π-donor ligands are present. The electron-withdrawing/donating nature of these ligand types, combined with relatively short metal-ligand distances, exaggerate the difference between formal oxidation state and metal Zeff or, as in the case of [W(IV)(mdt)2(CO)2], exert the subtle effect of modulating the redox level of other ligands in the coordination sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upul Jayarathne
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Perumalreddy Chandrasekaran
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
| | - Angelique
F. Greene
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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Chandrasekaran P, Greene AF, Lillich K, Capone S, Mague JT, DeBeer S, Donahue JP. A Structural and Spectroscopic Investigation of Octahedral Platinum Bis(dithiolene)phosphine Complexes: Platinum Dithiolene Internal Redox Chemistry Induced by Phosphine Association. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:9192-205. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501273b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Chandrasekaran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
| | - Angelique F. Greene
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400
Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Karen Lillich
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400
Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Stephen Capone
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400
Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400
Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse
34−36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400
Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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Pingali S, Donahue JP, Payton-Stewart F. Weak C-H···X (X = O, N) hydrogen bonds in the crystal structure of dihydroberberine. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2014; 70:388-91. [PMID: 24705054 PMCID: PMC4165590 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229614003751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroberberine (systematic name: 9,10-dimethoxy-6,8-dihydro-5H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolino[3,2-a]isoquinoline), C20H19NO4, a reduced form of pharmacologically important berberine, crystallizes from ethanol without interstitial solvent. The molecule shows a dihedral angle of 27.94 (5)° between the two arene rings at the ends of the molecule, owing to the partial saturation of the inner quinolizine ring system. Although lacking classical O-H or N-H donors, the packing in the crystalline state is clearly governed by C-H···N and C-H···O hydrogen bonds involving the two acetal-type C-H bonds of the 1,3-dioxole ring. Each dihydroberberine molecule is engaged in four hydrogen bonds with neighbouring molecules, twice as donor and twice as acceptor, thus forming a two-dimensional sheet network that lies parallel to the (100) plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanya Pingali
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, Box 114, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, LA 70118-5698, USA
| | - Florastina Payton-Stewart
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, Box 114, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
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Greene AF, Chandrasekaran P, Yan Y, Mague JT, Donahue JP. Element misidentification in X-ray crystallography: a reassessment of the [MCl2(diazadiene)] (M = Cr, Mo, W) series. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:308-17. [PMID: 24320788 DOI: 10.1021/ic402246d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of reports describing the syntheses and structures of [MCl2(diazadiene)] (M = Cr, Mo, W) complexes is reassessed in the context of known chemistry of low-valent Group VI metal complexes, crystallographic trends such as M-Cl bond lengths and unit cell volumes, and calculated metal-ligand bond lengths. Crystallographic data and computational results are inconsistent with any of these species being second or third row transition metal complexes. A review of the crystallographic information files accompanying the [MCl2(diazadiene)] (M = Mo, W) published structures reveals that the metal atoms were inappropriately treated with partial site occupancy factors (0.775 for Mo; 0.4005 and 0.417 for W), the effect of which was to manifest lighter-element behavior and better refinement in accord with the metal atoms' correct identity. A deliberate synthesis and characterization by X-ray diffraction of [ZnCl2((Mes)dad(Me))] ((Mes)dad(Me) = 1,4-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-diaza-1,3-butadiene) are reported. Refinement of this structure with the same combination of second or third row metal and offsetting partial site occupancy is shown to provide final refinement statistics essentially the same as with the correct model employing M = Zn at site occupancy 1.00. Use of the published method for synthesis of [WCl2(diazadiene)] with (Mes)dad(Me) and [WBr4(MeCN)2] in lieu of [WCl4(MeCN)2] is shown to produce [ZnBr2((Mes)dad(Me))], which has also been characterized by X-ray diffraction. It is concluded that the unusual putative 12-electron [MCl2(diazadiene)] (M = Cr, Mo, W) complexes are in all cases the corresponding [ZnCl2(diazadiene)] complexes, Zn having been commonly employed as reducing agent in their synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique F Greene
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
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Yue Y, Grusenmeyer T, Ma Z, Zhang P, Pham TT, Mague JT, Donahue JP, Schmehl RH, Beratan DN, Rubtsov IV. Evaluating the Extent of Intramolecular Charge Transfer in the Excited States of Rhenium(I) Donor–Acceptor Complexes with Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:15903-16. [DOI: 10.1021/jp409628e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuankai Yue
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Tod Grusenmeyer
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Zheng Ma
- Departments
of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Departments
of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Tri Tat Pham
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Russell H. Schmehl
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - David N. Beratan
- Departments
of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Igor V. Rubtsov
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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Yan Y, Keating C, Chandrasekaran P, Jayarathne U, Mague JT, DeBeer S, Lancaster KM, Sproules S, Rubtsov IV, Donahue JP. Ancillary ligand effects upon dithiolene redox noninnocence in tungsten bis(dithiolene) complexes. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:6743-51. [PMID: 23675834 DOI: 10.1021/ic4009174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An expanded set of compounds of the type [W(S2C2Me2)2L1L2](n) (n = 0: L1 = L2 = CO, 1; L1 = L2 = CN(t)Bu, 2; L1 = CO, L2 = carbene, 3; L1 = CO, L2 = phosphine, 4; L1 = L2 = phosphine, 5. n = 2-: L1 = L2 = CN(-), [6](2-)) has been synthesized and characterized. Despite isoelectronic formulations, the compound set reveals gradations in the dithiolene ligand redox level as revealed by intraligand bond lengths, υ(CCchelate), and rising edge energies in the sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectra (XAS). Differences among the terminal series members, 1 and [6](2-), are comparable to differences seen in homoleptic dithiolene complexes related by full electron transfer to/from a dithiolene-based MO. The key feature governing these differences is the favorable energy of the CO π* orbitals, which are suitably positioned to overlap with tungsten d orbitals and exert an oxidizing effect on both metal and dithiolene ligand via π-backbonding. The CN(-) π* orbitals are too high in energy to mix effectively with tungsten and thus leave the filled dithiolene π* orbitals unperturbed. This work shows how, and the degree to which, the redox level of a noninnocent ligand can be modulated by the choice of ancillary ligands(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
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Payton-Stewart F, Ravi Kiran Pingali S, Donahue JP. The chalcone derivative (E)-1-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)-3-(4-hy-droxy-3-meth-oxy-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one monohydrate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o558-9. [PMID: 23634097 PMCID: PMC3629610 DOI: 10.1107/s160053681300696x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C16H13FO3·H2O, has a cis disposition of the carbonyl and olefin bonds about the enone single bond. The arene rings are inclined to one another by 10.05 (6) Å. In the crystal, molecules are linked via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the water molecules, forming loops which are, in turn, linked via O—H.·O and C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds, forming sheets lying parallel to (103). These networks are linked via π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.641 (1) Å] involving inversion-related 4-fluorophenyl and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florastina Payton-Stewart
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of New Orleans, 1 Drexel Drive, Box 114, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Skylar J. Ferrara
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans 70118-5698, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans 70118-5698, United States
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans 70118-5698, United States
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Yan Y, Chandrasekaran P, Mague JT, DeBeer S, Sproules S, Donahue JP. Redox-Controlled Interconversion between Trigonal Prismatic and Octahedral Geometries in a Monodithiolene Tetracarbonyl Complex of Tungsten. Inorg Chem 2011; 51:346-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ic201748v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans,
Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Perumalreddy Chandrasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans,
Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans,
Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36,
D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Stephen Sproules
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36,
D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- EPSRC National UK EPR Facility
and Service, Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans,
Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
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Arumugam K, Clark DS, Mague JT, Donahue JP. The dithiolene ligand and tetrathiafulvalene precursor molecules 4,5-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-dithiol-2-one and 4,5-bis[(dihydroxyphosphoryl)methyl]-1,3-dithiol-2-one. Acta Crystallogr C 2011; 67:o446-9. [PMID: 22051960 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270111040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The crystal structures of 4,5-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-dithiol-2-one, C(5)H(4)Br(2)OS(2), (I), and 4,5-bis[(dihydroxyphosphoryl)methyl]-1,3-dithiol-2-one, C(5)H(8)O(7)P(2)S(2), (II), occur with similar unit cells in the same monoclinic space group. Both molecules reside on a twofold symmetry axis coincident with the C=O bond, so that the substituents in the 4- and 5-positions project above and below the plane of the 1,3-dithiol-2-one ring. In both structures, the molecules align themselves in a head-to-tail fashion along the b axis, and these rows of molecules then stack, with alternating directionality, along the c axis. For (II), an extensive network of intermolecular hydrogen bonds occurs between molecules within the same stack and between adjacent stacks. Each -CH(2)P(O)(OH)(2) group participates in four hydrogen bonds, twice as donor and twice as acceptor.
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Sproules S, Banerjee P, Weyhermüller T, Yan Y, Donahue JP, Wieghardt K. Monoanionic Molybdenum and Tungsten Tris(dithiolene) Complexes: A Multifrequency EPR Study. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:7106-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ic2006265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Arumugam K, Shaw MC, Mague JT, Bill E, Sproules S, Donahue JP. Long-range spin coupling: a tetraphosphine-bridged palladium dimer. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:2995-3002. [PMID: 21381668 DOI: 10.1021/ic102493g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dipalladium compound [{(adt)Pd}(2)(μ-tpbz)] (1) (adt = bis(p-anisyl)-1,2-ethylenedithiolate, tpbz = 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(diphenylphosphino)benzene) has been synthesized from [{Cl(2)Pd}(2)(μ-tpbz)] by transmetalation employing (adt)SnMe(2). The cyclic voltammogram (CV) of 1 reveals reversible oxidation waves at 0.00 V and +0.50 V (vs [Fc](+)/Fc) with current amplitude twice that for identical processes in the monopalladium compound [(adt)Pd(dppb)] (2) (dppb = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene), an observation indicating each wave involves simultaneous one-electron oxidations at each metallodithiolene fragment. This assignment is affirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations that show the redox-active molecular orbital (MO) is principally composed of the dithiolene S(2)C(2) π-system, and by spectroelectrochemical UV-vis of [1](2+), which displays hallmark low energy charge transfer (CT) bands. Dication [1](2+) is a diradical with a near degenerate singlet-triplet ground state; fluid solution electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra validate the DFT-derived isotropic exchange coupling, J' = -6.3 cm(-1). The frozen solution X-band EPR spectrum of [1](2+) is consistent with a spin-triplet bearing a very faint half-field ("ΔM(S) = 2") signal. It is successfully simulated with an amazingly small zero field splitting, D = -15 × 10(-4) cm(-1) and negligible rhombicity (E/D = 0.008). These zero-field splitting parameters, which stem from the long-range dipolar spin coupling, are very accurately reproduced using a multipoint dipole model with an optimized interspin distance of 12.434 Å. With the framework reported herein for understanding how the weak interaction of two spins is mediated by tpbz, this bridging ligand can now be incorporated into extended systems with tailored chemical and physical properties for use in a variety of molecular-based electronic and magnetic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppuswamy Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
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Ferrara SJ, Mague JT, Donahue JP. trans-Bis(N,N-diethyl-ethylenediamine)-nickel(II) dibromide. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 67:m48-9. [PMID: 21522568 PMCID: PMC3050186 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810050403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The structure of the title compound, [Ni(C6H16N2)2]Br2 or [Ni(Et2en)2]Br2 (Et2en is asymmetric N,N-diethylethylenediamine), containing an NiII atom (site symmetry ) in square-planar NiN4 coordination, is described and contrasted with related structures containing NiII in octahedral coordination with axial X− ligands (X− = variable anions). The dialkylated N atom has an appreciably longer bond length to the NiII atom [1.9666 (13) Å] than does the unsubstituted N atom [1.9202 (14) Å]. The Ni—N bond lengths in [Ni(Et2en)2]Br2 are significantly shorter than corresponding values in tetragonally distorted [Ni(Et2en)2X2] compounds (X = −O2CCF3, OH2, or −NCS), which have a triplet ground state. The electronic configuration in these axially ligated [Ni(Et2en)2X2] compounds populates the metal-based dx2-y2 orbital, which is Ni—N antibonding in character. Each Et2en ligand in each [Ni(Et2en)2]2+ cation forms a pair of N—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds to the Br− anions, one above and below the NiN4 square plane. Thus, a ribbon of alternating Br− pairs and [Ni(Et2en)2]2+ cations that are canted at 65° relative to one another is formed by hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skylar J Ferrara
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
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Arumugam K, Shaw MC, Chandrasekaran P, Villagrán D, Gray TG, Mague JT, Donahue JP. Synthesis, structures, and properties of 1,2,4,5-benzenetetrathiolate linked group 10 metal complexes. Inorg Chem 2010; 48:10591-607. [PMID: 19831407 DOI: 10.1021/ic901257s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dimetallic compounds [(P-P)M(S(2)C(6)H(2)S(2))M(P-P)] (M = Ni, Pd; P-P = chelating bis(phosphine), 3a-3f) are prepared from O=CS(2)C(6)H(2)S(2)C=O or (n)Bu(2)SnS(2)C(6)H(2)S(2)Sn(n)Bu(2), which are protected forms of 1,2,4,5-benzenetetrathiolate. Selective monodeprotections of O=CS(2)C(6)H(2)S(2)C=O or (n)Bu(2)SnS(2)C(6)H(2)S(2)Sn(n)Bu(2) lead to [(P-P)Ni(S(2)C(6)H(2)S(2)C=O)] or [(P-P)Ni(S(2)C(6)H(2)S(2)Sn(n)Bu(2))]; the former is used to prepare trimetallic compounds [(dcpe)Ni(S(2)C(6)H(2)S(2))M(S(2)C(6)H(2)S(2))Ni(dcpe)] (M = Ni (6a) or Pt (6b); dcpe = 1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane). Compounds 3a-3f are redox active and display two oxidation processes, of which the first is generally reversible. Dinickel compound [(dcpe)Ni(S(2)C(6)H(2)S(2))Ni(dcpe)] (3d) reveals two reversible oxidation waves with DeltaE(1/2) = 0.66 V, corresponding to K(c) of 1.6 x 10(11) for the mixed valence species. Electrochemical behavior is unstable to repeated scanning in the presence of [Bu(4)N][PF(6)] electrolyte but indefinitely stable with Na[BArF(24)] (BArF(24) = tetrakis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)borate), suggesting that the radical cation generated by oxidation is vulnerable to reaction with PF(6)(-). Chemical oxidation of 3d with [Cp(2)Fe][BArF(24)] leads to formation of [3d][BArF(24)]. Structural identification of [3d][BArF(24)] reveals appreciable shortening and lengthening of C-S and C-C bond distances, respectively, within the tetrathioarene fragment compared to charge-neutral 3d, indicating this to be the redox active moiety. Attempted oxidation of [(dppb)Ni(S(2)C(6)H(2)S(2))Ni(dppb)] (3c) (dppb = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene) with AgBArF(24) produces [[(dppb)Ni(S(2)C(6)H(2)S(2))Ni(dppb)](2)(mu-Ag(2))][BArF(24)](2), [4c][BArF(24)](2), in which no redox chemistry has occurred. Crystal structures of bis(disulfide)-linked compounds [(P-P)Ni(S(2)C(6)H(2)(mu-S(2))(2)C(6)H(2)S(2))Ni(P-P)] are reported. Near IR spectroscopy upon cationic [3d](+) and neutral 6a reveals multiple intense absorptions in the 950-1400 nm region. Time-dependent density functional theory (DFT) calculations on a 6a model compound indicate that these absorptions are transitions between ligand-based pi-type orbitals that have significant contributions from the sulfur p orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppuswamy Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
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Jayarathne U, Chandrasekaran P, Jacobsen H, Mague JT, Donahue JP. A tungsten-mediated closed cycle of reactivity for the reduction of CO2 to CO. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:9662-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00489h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Medina-Ramírez IE, Fink MJ, Donahue JP. Tetrakis(μ-triisopropylsilanethiolato)-1:2κ4S:S;2:3κ4S:S-bis(triisopropylsilanethiolato)-1κS,3κS-trizinc(II). Acta Crystallogr C 2009; 65:m475-7. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270109045570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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