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Mayer SA, Thomas B, Heuer M, Brune JC, Eras V, Schuster K, Knoedler L, Schaefer RL, Thiele W, Sleeman JP, Dimmler A, Heimel P, Kneser U, Bigdeli AK, Falkner F. In Vivo Engineering and Transplantation of Axially Vascularized and Epithelialized Flaps in Rats. Tissue Eng Part A 2024. [PMID: 38623816 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The arteriovenous loop (AVL) model allows the in vivo engineering of axially vascularized flaps, the so-called AVL flaps. Although AVL flaps can be transplanted microsurgically to cover tissue defects, they lack an epithelial layer on the surface. Therefore, the objective of this study was to engineer axially vascularized AVL flaps with an accompanying epithelial layer for local defect reconstruction. In this study, AVLs were established in 20 male Lewis rats. Minimally invasive injection of keratinocytes onto the surface of the AVL flaps was performed on postoperative day (POD) 21. AVL flaps were explanted from 12 rats on POD 24 or POD 30, then the epithelium formed by the keratinocytes on the surface of the flaps was evaluated using immunofluorescence staining. In six other rats, the AVL flap was locally transposed to cover a critical defect in the rats' leg on POD 30 and explanted for analysis on POD 40. In two control rats, sodium chloride was applied instead of keratinocytes. These control flaps were also transplanted on POD 30 and explanted on POD 40. Our results revealed that 3 days after keratinocyte application, a loose single-layered epithelium was observed histologically on the AVL flaps surface, whereas after 9 days, a multilayered and structured epithelium had grown. The epithelium on the transplanted AVL flaps showed its physiological differentiation when being exposed to an air-liquid interface. Histologically, a layered epithelium identical to the rats' regular skin was formed. In the sodium chloride control group, no epithelium had been grown. This study clearly demonstrates that axially vascularized AVL flaps can be processed in the subcutaneous chamber by minimally invasive injection of keratinocytes. Thus, AVL flaps with an intact epithelial layer were engineered and could be successfully transplanted for local defect coverage in a small animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Andreas Mayer
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Thomas
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Heuer
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan C Brune
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Eras
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kilian Schuster
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leonard Knoedler
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca Luisa Schaefer
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wilko Thiele
- Department of Microvascular Biology and Pathobiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jonathan P Sleeman
- Department of Microvascular Biology and Pathobiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Campus North, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Arno Dimmler
- Institute of Pathology, Vincentius Kliniken Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Patrick Heimel
- Core Facility Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, Karl Donath Laboratory, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology the Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amir K Bigdeli
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Falkner
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Ahrens P, Borchert GH, Freutel C, Ahmed N, Brune JC. Peracetic acid sterilized tendon and ligament allografts for knee reconstruction : For anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and complex knee surgery. Orthopadie (Heidelb) 2024; 53:341-347. [PMID: 38498205 PMCID: PMC11052767 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-024-04486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of allografts and autografts has been met with mixed views on whether allografts are a suitable alternative to autografts. QUESTION We aimed to investigate if chemically sterilized allografts show similar rerupture rates to those reported in the literature for allografts and autografts in anterior (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligaments (PCL) and complex knee surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective data on knee reconstructions performed between 2011 and 2015 with tendon/ligamnet allografts sterilized with peracetic acid were collected in the form of a questionnaire. The inclusion criteria of 2 years for each patient were met by 38 patients, representing 22 ACL reconstructions, 5 PCL reconstructions, 3 OTHER surgeries, including the Larson technique and medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction and 8 COMPLEX surgeries. The main endpoints were rerupture and complication rate. Secondary endpoints included stability of the knee (Lachman test, Pivot shift test) and the range of motion. RESULTS The rerupture rate was 7.9% (3 grafts). Reruptures only occurred in the ACL group. No reruptures were observed in the PCL, OTHER and COMPLEX surgery groups. Stability improved significantly after surgery and the range of motion returned to values similar to that of healthy knees. CONCLUSIONS Tendon allografts sterilized with peracetic acid show promising low rerupture rates and good clinical scores and the results are comparable to the literature on autografts and other allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ahrens
- Orthoplus Munich, Alte Börse, Lehnbachplatz 2a, 80333, Munich, Germany.
| | - Gudrun H Borchert
- Dr. Borchert Medical Information Management, Egelsbacher Str. 39e, 63225, Langen, Germany
| | - Christin Freutel
- R&D, German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gGmbH), Haus 42, Köpenicker Str. 325, 12555, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norus Ahmed
- R&D, German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gGmbH), Haus 42, Köpenicker Str. 325, 12555, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan C Brune
- R&D, German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gGmbH), Haus 42, Köpenicker Str. 325, 12555, Berlin, Germany
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Vogt W, Borchert GH, Ahmed N, Brune JC. Anatomical acromioclavicular joint stabilization with chemically sterilized tendon allografts: A retrospective study. Shoulder Elbow 2023; 15:411-423. [PMID: 37538518 PMCID: PMC10395406 DOI: 10.1177/17585732221136863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Background The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyze whether chemically sterilized tendon allografts perform as well as other non-sterilized allografts and autografts as described in the literature for anatomical acromioclavicular joint stabilization for the treatment of Rockwood III-V. Allografts are still described as a factor for higher re-rupture rates. Methods Retrospective data were collected from 21 acromioclavicular joint stabilizations performed by a single surgeon and performed between 2011 and 2014 using sterilized semitendinosus allografts. The primary endpoints were re-rupture and complication rates. Secondary endpoints were AC-joint stability, pain level, return to work and sport and the range of motion. Results No re-ruptures occurred during the mean follow-up time of 33 months. Zero complications occurred directly after surgery, but three complications later than three weeks after surgery. All cases resolved without further surgery. After surgery, stability significantly improved for all patients. Post-surgery, 19 patients had stable acromioclavicular joints and only two patients showed minor instabilities. Range of motion returned to the range of the healthy shoulders for all patients. Conclusion Chemically sterilized semitendinosus allograft use for anatomic AC-joint stabilization is equivalent to the use of other allografts or autografts and required no hardware removal. No donor age or graft size dependence was observed, due to zero re-ruptures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Vogt
- VOGT-ORTHO Consulting & Development, Gramisch-Partenkirchen Germany
| | - Gudrun H Borchert
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Norus Ahmed
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan C Brune
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), Berlin, Germany
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Bormann N, Schmock A, Hanke A, Eras V, Ahmed N, Kissner MS, Wildemann B, Brune JC. Analysis of the Ability of Different Allografts to Act as Carrier Grafts for Local Drug Delivery. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:305. [PMID: 37367268 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14060305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects and infections pose significant challenges for treatment, requiring a comprehensive approach for prevention and treatment. Thus, this study sought to evaluate the efficacy of various bone allografts in the absorption and release of antibiotics. A specially designed high-absorbency, high-surface-area carrier graft composed of human demineralized cortical fibers and granulated cancellous bone (fibrous graft) was compared to different human bone allograft types. The groups tested here were three fibrous grafts with rehydration rates of 2.7, 4, and 8 mL/g (F(2.7), F(4), and F(8)); demineralized bone matrix (DBM); cortical granules; mineralized cancellous bone; and demineralized cancellous bone. The absorption capacity of the bone grafts was assessed after rehydration, the duration of absorption varied from 5 to 30 min, and the elution kinetics of gentamicin were determined over 21 days. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity was assessed using a zone of inhibition (ZOI) test with S. aureus. The fibrous grafts exhibited the greatest tissue matrix absorption capacity, while the mineralized cancellous bone revealed the lowest matrix-bound absorption capacity. For F(2.7) and F(4), a greater elution of gentamicin was observed from 4 h and continuously over the first 3 days when compared to the other grafts. Release kinetics were only marginally affected by the varied incubation times. The enhanced absorption capacity of the fibrous grafts resulted in a prolonged antibiotic release and activity. Therefore, fibrous grafts can serve as suitable carrier grafts, as they are able to retain fluids such as antibiotics at their intended destinations, are easy to handle, and allow for a prolonged antibiotic release. Application of these fibrous grafts can enable surgeons to provide longer courses of antibiotic administration for septic orthopedic indications, thus minimizing infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bormann
- Julius Wolff Institut und BIH-Center für Regenerative Therapien und Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin und Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aysha Schmock
- Julius Wolff Institut und BIH-Center für Regenerative Therapien und Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin und Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Hanke
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Eras
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany
| | - Norus Ahmed
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maya S Kissner
- Julius Wolff Institut und BIH-Center für Regenerative Therapien und Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin und Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Britt Wildemann
- Julius Wolff Institut und BIH-Center für Regenerative Therapien und Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin und Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Jan C Brune
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany
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Söhling N, Heilani M, Fremdling C, Schaible A, Schröder K, Brune JC, Eras V, Nau C, Marzi I, Henrich D, Verboket RD. One Stage Masquelets Technique: Evaluation of Different Forms of Membrane Filling with and without Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells (BMC) in Large Femoral Bone Defects in Rats. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091289. [PMID: 37174689 PMCID: PMC10177115 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The classic two-stage masquelet technique is an effective procedure for the treatment of large bone defects. Our group recently showed that one surgery could be saved by using a decellularized dermis membrane (DCD, Epiflex, DIZG). In addition, studies with bone substitute materials for defect filling show that it also appears possible to dispense with the removal of syngeneic cancellous bone (SCB), which is fraught with complications. The focus of this work was to clarify whether the SCB can be replaced by the granular demineralized bone matrix (g-DBM) or fibrous demineralized bone matrix (f-DBM) demineralized bone matrix and whether the colonization of the DCD and/or the DBM defect filling with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC) can lead to improved bone healing. In 100 Sprague Dawley rats, a critical femoral bone defect 5 mm in length was stabilized with a plate and then encased in DCD. Subsequently, the defect was filled with SCB (control), g-DBM, or f-DBM, with or without BMC. After 8 weeks, the femurs were harvested and subjected to histological, radiological, and biomechanical analysis. The analyses showed the incipient bony bridging of the defect zone in both groups for g-DBM and f-DBM. Stability and bone formation were not affected compared to the control group. The addition of BMCs showed no further improvement in bone healing. In conclusion, DBM offers a new perspective on defect filling; however, the addition of BMC did not lead to better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Söhling
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Myriam Heilani
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Charlotte Fremdling
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Center of Physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan C Brune
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Eras
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Nau
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - René D Verboket
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Verboket RD, Söhling N, Heilani M, Fremdling C, Schaible A, Schröder K, Brune JC, Marzi I, Henrich D. The Induced Membrane Technique—The Filling Matters: Evaluation of Different Forms of Membrane Filling with and without Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells (BMC) in Large Femoral Bone Defects in Rats. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030642. [PMID: 35327444 PMCID: PMC8945121 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The Masquelet technique is used to treat large bone defects; it is a two-stage procedure based on an induced membrane. To improve the induced membrane process, demineralized bone matrix in granular (GDBM) and fibrous form (f-DBM) was tested with and without bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC) as filling of the membrane against the gold standard filling with syngeneic cancellous bone (SCB). A total of 65 male Sprague–Dawley rats obtained a 5 mm femoral defect. These defects were treated with the induced membrane technique and filled with SCB, GDBM, or f-DBM, with or without BMC. After a healing period of eight weeks, the femurs were harvested and submitted for histological, radiological, and biomechanical analyses. The fracture load in the defect zone was lower compared to SCB in all groups. However, histological analysis showed comparable new bone formation, bone mineral density, and cartilage proportions and vascularization. The results suggest that f-DBM in combination with BMC and the induced membrane technique cannot reproduce the very good results of this material in large, non-membrane coated bone defects, nevertheless it supports the maturation of new bone tissue locally. It can be concluded that BMC should be applied in lower doses and inflammatory cells should be removed from the cell preparation before implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- René D. Verboket
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6301-7110
| | - Nicolas Söhling
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
| | - Myriam Heilani
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
| | - Charlotte Fremdling
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Center of Physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Jan C. Brune
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
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Verboket RD, Irrle T, Busche Y, Schaible A, Schröder K, Brune JC, Marzi I, Nau C, Henrich D. Fibrous Demineralized Bone Matrix (DBM) Improves Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell (BMC)-Supported Bone Healing in Large Femoral Bone Defects in Rats. Cells 2021; 10:1249. [PMID: 34069404 PMCID: PMC8158746 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of large bone defects is a major objective in trauma surgery. Bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMC)-supported bone healing was shown to be efficient after immobilization on a scaffold. We hypothesized that fibrous demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in various forms with BMCs is superior to granular DBM. A total of 65 male SD rats were assigned to five treatment groups: syngenic cancellous bone (SCB), fibrous demineralized bone matrix (f-DBM), fibrous demineralized bone matrix densely packed (f-DBM 120%), DBM granules (GDBM) and DBM granules 5% calcium phosphate (GDBM5%Ca2+). BMCs from donor rats were combined with different scaffolds and placed into 5 mm femoral bone defects. After 8 weeks, bone mineral density (BMD), biomechanical stability and histology were assessed. Similar biomechanical properties of f-DBM and SCB defects were observed. Similar bone and cartilage formation was found in all groups, but a significantly bigger residual defect size was found in GDBM. High bone healing scores were found in f-DBM (25) and SCB (25). The application of DBM in fiber form combined with the application of BMCs shows promising results comparable to the gold standard, syngenic cancellous bone. Denser packing of fibers or higher amount of calcium phosphate has no positive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- René D. Verboket
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Tanja Irrle
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Yannic Busche
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Center of Physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Jan C. Brune
- German Institute for Cell- and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Christoph Nau
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
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Janko M, Sahm J, Schaible A, Brune JC, Bellen M, Schroder K, Seebach C, Marzi I, Henrich D. Comparison of three different types of scaffolds preseeded with human bone marrow mononuclear cells on the bone healing in a femoral critical size defect model of the athymic rat. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:653-666. [PMID: 28548246 DOI: 10.1002/term.2484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Large bone defects often pose major difficulties in orthopaedic surgery. The application of long-term cultured stem cells combined with a scaffold lead to a significant improvement of bone healing in recent experiments but is strongly restricted by European Union law. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC), however, can be isolated and transplanted within a few hours and have been proven effective in experimental models of bone healing. The effectivity of the BMC-supported therapy might be influenced by the type of scaffold. Hence, we compared three different scaffolds serving as a carrier for BMC in a rat femoral critical size defect with regard to the osteogenic activity in the defect zone. Human demineralized bone matrix (DBM), bovine cancellous bone hydroxyapatite ceramic (BS), or β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) were seeded with human BMC and hereafter implanted into critically sized bone defects of male athymic nude rats. Autologous bone served as a control. Gene activity was measured after 1 week, and bone formation was analysed histologically and radiologically after 8 weeks. Generally, regenerative gene expression (BMP2, RUNX2, VEGF, SDF-1, and RANKL) as well as bony bridging and callus formation was observed to be most pronounced in defects filled with autologous bone, followed in descending order by DBM, β-TCP, and BS. Although DBM was superior in most aspects of bone regeneration analysed in comparison to β-TCP and BS, the level of autologous bone could not be attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Janko
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julian Sahm
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan C Brune
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement gGmbH (DIZG), Berlin, Germany
| | - Marlene Bellen
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katrin Schroder
- Center of Physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Caroline Seebach
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Rolandsson S, Andersson Sjöland A, Brune JC, Li H, Kassem M, Mertens F, Westergren A, Eriksson L, Hansson L, Skog I, Bjermer L, Scheding S, Westergren-Thorsson G. Primary mesenchymal stem cells in human transplanted lungs are CD90/CD105 perivascularly located tissue-resident cells. BMJ Open Respir Res 2014; 1:e000027. [PMID: 25478178 PMCID: PMC4212711 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2014-000027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have not only been implicated in the development of lung diseases, but they have also been proposed as a future cell-based therapy for lung diseases. However, the cellular identity of the primary MSC in human lung tissues has not yet been reported. This study therefore aimed to identify and characterise the ‘bona fide’ MSC in human lungs and to investigate if the MSC numbers correlate with the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in lung-transplanted patients. Methods Primary lung MSC were directly isolated or culture-derived from central and peripheral transbronchial biopsies of lung-transplanted patients and evaluated using a comprehensive panel of in vitro and in vivo assays. Results Primary MSC were enriched in the CD90/CD105 mononuclear cell fraction with mesenchymal progenitor frequencies of up to four colony-forming units, fibroblast/100 cells. In situ staining of lung tissues revealed that CD90/CD105 MSCs were located perivascularly. MSC were tissue-resident and exclusively donor lung-derived even in biopsies obtained from patients as long as 16 years after transplantation. Culture-derived mesenchymal stromal cells showed typical in vitro MSC properties; however, xenotransplantation into non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice showed that lung MSC readily differentiated into adipocytes and stromal tissues, but lacked significant in vivo bone formation. Conclusions These data clearly demonstrate that primary MSC in human lung tissues are not only tissue resident but also tissue-specific. The identification and phenotypic characterisation of primary lung MSC is an important first step in identifying the role of MSC in normal lung physiology and pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rolandsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lung Biology Unit , Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | | | - Jan C Brune
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Endocrinology, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB) , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark
| | - Fredrik Mertens
- Department of Clinical Genetics , University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Albert Westergren
- School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Leif Eriksson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology , Lund University and Skåne University Hospital , Lund , Sweden
| | - Lennart Hansson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology , Lund University and Skåne University Hospital , Lund , Sweden
| | - Ingrid Skog
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology , Lund University and Skåne University Hospital , Lund , Sweden
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology , Lund University and Skåne University Hospital , Lund , Sweden
| | - Stefan Scheding
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University , Lund , Sweden ; Department of Hematology , Skåne University Hospital , Lund , Sweden
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Smith MD, Brune JC, Wildemann B, Pruss A. Whither advanced therapy medicinal products? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 40:449-52. [PMID: 24474896 DOI: 10.1159/000356514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Smith
- Deutsches Institut für Zell- und Gewebeersatz gGmbH, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan C Brune
- Deutsches Institut für Zell- und Gewebeersatz gGmbH, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Britt Wildemann
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Pruss
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine (Tissue Bank), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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Brune JC, Tormin A, Johansson MC, Rissler P, Brosjö O, Löfvenberg R, von Steyern FV, Mertens F, Rydholm A, Scheding S. Mesenchymal stromal cells from primary osteosarcoma are non-malignant and strikingly similar to their bone marrow counterparts. Int J Cancer 2010; 129:319-30. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Tormin A, Brune JC, Olsson E, Valcich J, Neuman U, Olofsson T, Jacobsen SE, Scheding S. Characterization of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) based on gene expression profiling of functionally defined MSC subsets. Cytotherapy 2009; 11:114-28. [DOI: 10.1080/14653240802716590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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