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Thomsen D, Thomsen LD, Iversen EM, Björgvinsdóttir TN, Vinther SF, Skønager JT, Hoffmann T, Elm J, Bilde M, Glasius M. Ozonolysis of α-Pinene and Δ 3-Carene Mixtures: Formation of Dimers with Two Precursors. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:16643-16651. [PMID: 36355568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from the structurally similar monoterpenes, α-pinene and Δ3-carene, differs substantially. The aerosol phase is already complex for a single precursor, and when mixtures are oxidized, products, e.g., dimers, may form between different volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This work investigates whether differences in SOA formation and properties from the oxidation of individual monoterpenes persist when a mixture of the monoterpenes is oxidized. Ozonolysis of α-pinene, Δ3-carene, and a 1:1 mixture of them was performed in the Aarhus University Research on Aerosol (AURA) atmospheric simulation chamber. Here, ∼100 ppb of monoterpene was oxidized by 200 ppb O3 under dark conditions at 20 °C. The particle number concentration and particle mass concentration for ozonolysis of α-pinene exceed those from ozonolysis of Δ3-carene alone, while their mixture results in concentrations similar to α-pinene ozonolysis. Detailed offline analysis reveals evidence of VOC-cross-product dimers in SOA from ozonolysis of the monoterpene mixture: a VOC-cross-product dimer likely composed of the monomeric units cis-caric acid and 10-hydroxy-pinonic acid and a VOC-cross-product dimer ester likely from the monomeric units caronaldehyde and terpenylic acid were tentatively identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. To improve the understanding of chemical mechanisms determining SOA, it is relevant to identify VOC-cross-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte Thomsen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lotte Dyrholm Thomsen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Emil Mark Iversen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Sofie Falk Vinther
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jane Tygesen Skønager
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thorsten Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonas Elm
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Merete Bilde
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Marianne Glasius
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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