Synergistic defect and doping engineering building strong bonded S-scheme heterojunction for photocatalysis

Photocatalytic degradation of pollutants is considered a promising approach for wastewater treatment, but is hampered by low efficiency and limited understanding of degradation pathways. A novel oxygen-doped porous g-C3N4/oxygen vacancies-rich BiOCl (OCN/OVBOC) heterostructure was prepared for photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A (BPA). The synergistic defect and doping engineering favor the formation of strong bonded interface for S-scheme mechanism. Among them, 0.3 OCN/OVBOC showed the most excellent degradation rate, which was 8 times and 4 times higher than that of pure g-C3N4 and BiOCl, respectively. This excellent performance is mainly attributed to the significantly enhanced charge separation via strong bonded interface and redox capability of the S-scheme heterojunction structure, by tuning the coordination excitation and electron localization of the catalyst via O doping and vacancies. This work provides important insights into the role of synergistic defect and doping engineering in facilitating the formation of strong bonded S-scheme heterojunction and ultimately sheds new light on the design of efficient photocatalysts.

[Comparison of single incision robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with and without extraperitoneal special channel device]

Objective: To compare the clinical effects of single-incision robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) with and without extraperitoneal special channel device. Methods: The clinical data of 70 patients who had undergone RARP in the Robotic Minimally Invasive Surgery Center of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from September 2020 to February 2021 were analyzed retrospectively, including 29 cases who were operated on without special channel device (group A) and 41 cases with special channel device (group B). All operations were performed by robot-assisted single-incision retrograde bladder neck exfoliation via extraperitoneal approach in patients by the same operator. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, the bladder neck urethral anastomosis time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative exhaust time, positive rate of incisal margin, indwelling time of urinary catheter, retention rate of postoperative erectile function, satisfaction rate of immediate postoperative urine control, positive rate of postoperative lymph node pathology, incision length, treatment cost and the rate of prostate specific antigen (PSA)lower than 0.2 μg/L at 6 weeks after operation were compared between the two groups. Results: All 70 cases were operated successfully. The difference of age[ (68.9±3.9) vs (69.4±5.4) years], preoperative PSA level[14.1(6.3, 19.8)vs13.7(5.8, 18.1)μg/L], prostate volume[44.8(30.7,172.6)vs 56.3(40.9,163.4)ml ] of the two groups was not statistically significant(all P>0.05). The difference of operation time [ (59.1±18.5) vs (59.6±18.0) min ], intraoperative blood loss [93(66,198)vs 95(68,203) ml ], bladder neck urethral anastomosis time [ (12.6±1.3) vs (13.7±2.8) min ], postoperative hospital stay [ (8.1±2.3) vs (9.1±1.3) d], postoperative exhaust time [ (1.4±0.6) vs (1.3±0.6) d], positive rate of incisal margin (20.7% vs 19.5%), indwelling time of the urinary catheter after operation [ (6.8±1.5) vs (7.1±2.0) d ], the retention rate of postoperative erectile function (31.0% vs 27.0%), the satisfaction rate of immediate postoperative urine control (79.3% vs 75.6%), the positive rate of postoperative lymph node pathology (17.2% vs 14.6%), the length of incision [ (5.1±0.5) vs (6.1±0.4) cm ], the rate of PSA lower than 0.2 μg/L at 6 weeks after operation (86.2% vs 83.0%) of the two groups was not statistically significant(all P>0.05). The operation cost of group A[(62 000±4 000) yuan]was lower than group B[(68 000±4 000) yuan] (P<0.05). Conclusion: Extraperitoneal non-special channel device single-incision RARP is safe and feasible.

[Extraperitoneal robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy through single incision: Establishment and application of a modified channel]

OBJECTIVE

To assess the feasibility and validity of the establishment of a modified channel for extraperitoneal robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) through single incision.

METHODS

From November 2020 to January 2021, 35 cases of localized PCa were treated by extraperitoneal RARP through single incision in our center. All the operations were performed by the same surgeon, none via the multichannel port for the establishment of the channel. We recorded and analyzed the intra- and postoperative parameters, operation cost, complications, pathological findings and follow-up data.

RESULTS

All the operations were successfully completed, without conversion to open surgery or additional channels, or serious postoperative complications, the time for establishing the extraperitoneal space averaging 25.4 (20.0－45.0) min, the operation time 67.3 (35.0－125.0) min, intraoperative blood loss 75.5 (60.0－150.0) ml, time to first postoperative anal exhaust 26 (8－48) h, and postoperative hospital stay 7.89 (7－10) d. Postoperative pathology showed adenocarcinoma in all the cases, with Gleason score (GS) 3+3 in 9 (25.7%), GS 3+4 in 9 (25.7%), GS 4+3 in 8 (22.9%), and GS ≥ 8 in 9 (25.7%) of the cases, 23 (65.7%) in the <pT3aand 12 (34.3%) in the ≥pT3a stage, with a total positive margin rate of 20% (7/35), 13.0% (3/23) in the <pT3a group and 33.3% (4/12) in the ≥pT3a group. The time of drainage tube indwelling averaged 2.68 (2－7) d and urinary catheterization 6.78 (6－9) d. Urinary continence was achieved in 11 cases (31.4%) immediately after catheter removal and in 29 cases (82.8%) at 1 month after surgery. The mean incision length was 4.97 (4.6－5.8) cm and the average follow-up time was 1.88 (1－3) months. The total cost was about ¥6 000 less than that of the robotic surgery via a multichannel port.

CONCLUSIONS

The establishment of the modified channel for extraperitoneal RARP through single incision is a safe and feasible procedure, with the advantages of good cosmesis, fast recovery, effective tumor control and continence, no serious postoperative complications, and less cost.、.

Preparation of TiO2/porous glass-H with the coupling of photocatalysis oxidation-adsorption system in the initial position and its desulfurization performance on model fuel

TiO₂/porous glass-H as composite catalysts were synthesized hydrothermally in the presence of H₂O₂ using porous glass microspheres as carriers. The photocatalytic-adsorptive desulfurization of model fuel by composite catalysts was investigated under UV irradiation. The structure and morphology of the composite catalysts were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N₂ adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). The results showed that TiO₂/porous glass-H exhibited a significantly enhanced photocatalytic-adsorption desulfurization performance due to its enhanced surface area, highly enhanced light absorption, and reduced recombination of photogenerated electron pairs compared with TiO₂/porous glass synthesized in the absence of H₂O₂. The optimized TiO₂ loading was 20% and the reaction temperature was 303.15 K, which could achieve almost 100% sulfur removal when 0.1 g catalyst was applied to a sulfide concentration of 300 mg L⁻¹. Based on the kinetic fitting of the obtained data, it was found that the rate-controlling step of sulfide adsorption on the catalyst was a molecular diffusion process and the adsorption intensity and adsorption capacity of the composite catalyst were significantly improved compared with the porous glass-H in the adsorption thermodynamic curve, and ΔS, ΔH and ΔG of the adsorption process were calculated. In addition, TiO₂/porous glass-H could be regenerated via simple heat treatment, exhibiting similar efficiency as the original TiO₂/porous glass-H after three regeneration cycles.

TiO₂/porous glass-H as composite catalysts were synthesized hydrothermally in the presence of H₂O₂ using porous glass microspheres as carriers.

Genetic Structure Analysis of Y Chromosome STR and SNP in Population of Changshu

Abstract

Objective To provide a theoretical basis for building a Y chromosome database in specific regions by analyzing the pedigree specific core haplogroup and region specific genetic structure in Changshu. Methods One thousand seven hundred and two samples from unrelated Han male individuals in Changshu were collected. Then 27 Y-STR were genotyped through YfilerTM Plus PCR Amplification Kit, Y-SNP haplogroup of each sample was speculated using Y-Predictor software and some samples were verified by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction （ARMS-PCR）. Results A total of 1 556 haplotypes were found on the 27 Y-STR genetic markers of the 1 702 samples. The haplotype diversity （HD） value was 0.999 827. DYS385 （0.933） had the highest gene diversity （GD） value while DYS438 （0.409） had the lowest. By the Y-Predictor software, all samples were confirmed to be from 162 sub-haplogroups of C, D, N, O, Q and R. Samples were randomly selected to verify the prediction results by the software and the prediction accuracy of Y-Predictor software was as high as 95.74%. Conclusion This study found that 27 Y-STR genetic markers have relatively high polymorphisms in the Changshu population, and have good forensic individual identification and paternity testing ability.

DaVinci robotic-assisted laparoscopic resection of parapelvic cavernous hemangioma: a case report

Background

Cavernous hemangioma, as a rare tumor, is difficult to differentiate from retroperitoneal lymphoma and paraganglioma. They are more difficult to excise completely through open surgery and traditional laparoscopic surgery. The study aimed to evaluate the role of DaVinci surgical system in laparoscopic resection of parapelvic cavernous hemangioma.

Case presentation

A 46-year-old female, who diagnosed as parapelvic cavernous hemangioma accompanying with thrombosis and calcification, was performed laparoscopic resection using DaVinci surgical system under general anesthesia. The patient well recovered without recurrence or spread of the lesion after operation for 3 months as well as hydronephrosis was significantly relieved.

Conclusion

Laparoscopic resection of parapelvic cavernous hemangioma under the help of DaVinci surgical system was feasible and safe.

[The diagnostic framework for screening Alzheimer's disease in the Chinese population]

Criteria for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not available in China. The international criteria is not a proper choice due to issues such as translation and lead to low diagnostic rate and high rate of missed diagnosis. The research group of Alzheimer's Disease Chinese (ADC) reviewed knowledge and techniques in neuropsychology, neuroimaging, molecular biology, and clinical neurology, and systematically studied the detection techniques such as memory, language, visuospatial, executive function, and medial temporal lobe visual scores on MRI, and their optimal threshold and diagnostic value for the diagnosis of AD. Through a systematic review and consensus meeting, a diagnostic framework for screening AD in the Chinese population was established. Among these methods, an operational standard for clinical pathology models increased the diagnostic sensitivity by 15%. The sensitivity and specificity of screening memory impairment increased by 18.1% and 11.6%, respectively. The sensitivity of screening medial temporal lobe atrophy increased by 24.5% and missed diagnosis was decreased by 34.5%. An operational standard for clinical biology models, incorporating the latest molecular imaging and molecular biology techniques, has enabled the early diagnosis of AD in China. The framework combines a principled diagnostic guideline with an operational screening protocol, which is applicable to all clinical settings and of great significance for the early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of AD.

[Dementia screening and diagnostic framework in Chinese population]

There are no standard diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in China. The copied international criteria has led to a high rate of missed diagnosis due to issues such as translation and cultural discrepancy. Under the principles of semantic equivalence, content equivalence and performance equivalence, the research group of Alzheimer's Disease Chinese (ADC) adopted several effective methods, such as two-way translation, content conversion, performance evaluation, etc. to systematically study the cognitive, behavioral, functional, and general assessment techniques in dementia screening and diagnosis, as well as their screening thresholds and diagnostic values. We also established a dementia screening and assessment framework in clinical practice through systematic reviews and group consensus. It has improved the early diagnosis rate of dementia in China, been accepted by home and abroad academic institutions, which is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment of dementia.

Real-Time Sensing of O-Phenylenediamine Oxidation on Gold Nanoparticles

Real-time monitoring of chemical reactions is still challenging as well as important to study reaction mechanisms and reaction kinetics. Herein, we demonstrated the real-time monitoring of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) oxidation on the surface of gold nanoparticles by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The oxidation mechanism and the reaction kinetics were investigated on the basis of the SERS spectrum variation and the related density functionalized theory calculation. It was shown that the oxidation of OPD in the presence of copper ions was a two-step process of the deprotonation of the amino group on the aromatic rings and the rearrangement of the electron cloud to a π-conjugated system, which may open a new door to comprehensively understand the reaction process.

Characterization and optimization of mesoporous magnetic nanoparticles for immobilization and enhanced performance of porcine pancreatic lipase

In this paper, Fe