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Schenker Y, Althouse AD, Rosenzweig M, White DB, Chu E, Smith KJ, Resick JM, Belin S, Park SY, Smith TJ, Bakitas MA, Arnold RM. Effect of an Oncology Nurse-Led Primary Palliative Care Intervention on Patients With Advanced Cancer: The CONNECT Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med 2021; 181:1451-1460. [PMID: 34515737 PMCID: PMC8438619 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.5185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Guidelines recommend early specialty palliative care for all patients with advanced cancer, but most patients lack access to such services. OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of CONNECT (Care Management by Oncology Nurses to Address Supportive Care Needs), a primary palliative care intervention delivered by oncology nurses, on patient outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cluster randomized clinical trial of the CONNECT intervention vs standard care was conducted from July 25, 2016, to October 6, 2020. Participants were adult patients with metastatic solid tumors who were undergoing oncological care and for whom an oncologist would agree with the statement "would not be surprised if the patient died in the next year." The trial was conducted at 17 community oncology practices in western Pennsylvania. Data analyses adhered to the intention-to-treat principle. INTERVENTIONS The CONNECT intervention included 3 monthly visits with an existing infusion room nurse who was trained to address symptoms, provide emotional support, engage in advance care planning, and coordinate care. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was quality of life. At baseline and 3 months, participants completed assessments of quality of life (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Palliative care: score range, 0-184, with higher scores indicating better quality of life), symptom burden (Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale: score range, 0-90, with higher scores indicating greater symptom burden), and mood symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]: score range, 0-21, with higher scores indicating substantial anxiety and depression). Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate adjusted mean differences in 3-month outcomes. Preplanned, intensity-adjusted analyses were conducted. RESULTS A total of 672 patients were enrolled (mean [SD] age, 69.3 [10.2] years; 360 women [53.6%]). The mean (SD) number of CONNECT visits completed was 2.2 (1.0). At 3 months, no difference in mean (SD) quality-of-life score was found between the CONNECT and standard care groups (130.7 [28.2] vs 134.1 [28.1]; adjusted mean difference, 1.20; 95% CI, -2.75 to 5.15; P = .55). Similarly, there was no difference between groups in 3-month mean (SD) symptom burden (23.2 [16.6] vs 24.0 [16.1]; adjusted mean difference, -2.64; 95% CI, -5.85 to 0.58; P = .11) or mood symptoms (HADS depression subscale score: 5.1 [3.4] vs 4.8 [3.7], adjusted mean difference, -0.08 [95% CI, -0.71 to 0.57], P = .82; HADS anxiety subscale score: 5.7 [3.9] vs 5.4 [4.2], adjusted mean difference, -0.31 [95% CI, -0.96 to 0.33], P = .34). Intensity-adjusted analyses revealed a larger estimated treatment effect for patients who received a full dose (3 visits) of the CONNECT intervention. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cluster randomized clinical trial found that a primary palliative care intervention that was delivered by oncology nurses did not improve patient-reported outcomes at 3 months. Primary palliative care interventions with a higher dose intensity may be beneficial for most patients with advanced cancer who lack access to palliative care specialists. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02712229.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Schenker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Palliative Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew D Althouse
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Margaret Rosenzweig
- Palliative Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Douglas B White
- Palliative Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Edward Chu
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth J Smith
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Judith M Resick
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Palliative Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shane Belin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Palliative Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Seo Young Park
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Thomas J Smith
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marie A Bakitas
- School of Nursing, UAB Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Robert M Arnold
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Palliative Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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2
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Resick JM, Sefcik C, Arnold RM, LeBlanc TW, Bakitas M, Rosenzweig MQ, Smith TJ, Dorritie KA, Sehgal A, Im A, Folino R, Tarr N, Bress D, Schenker Y. Primary Palliative Care for Patients with Advanced Hematologic Malignancies: A Pilot Trial of the SHARE Intervention. J Palliat Med 2020; 24:820-829. [PMID: 33074775 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2020.0407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Develop and pilot-test a nurse-led primary palliative care intervention for patients with advanced hematologic malignancies. Background: Nurse-led primary palliative care interventions may improve outpatient palliative care provision for patients with advanced hematologic malignancies. Methods: This two-phase, single-arm pilot study involved patients with recurrent or resistant hematologic malignancies, their caregivers, and oncology clinicians at two US-based urban, university-affiliated oncology clinics. Measurements included feasibility (enrollment rates, intervention fidelity, and outcome assessment rates) and acceptability (patient, caregiver, and clinician surveys). Results: In Phase 1 we developed and implemented an oncology nurse-led primary palliative care intervention for patients with recurrent or resistant hematologic malignancies and their caregivers. In Phase 2, we tested feasibility and acceptability. Twenty-six patient participants enrolled. Consent-to-approach rate was 78% and enrolled-to-consent rate was 84%. All enrolled participants received the intervention per protocol. Sixty-nine percent of patients and 100% of caregivers reported that the intervention helped them better understand the patient's illness and cope. Seventy-five percent of oncologists reported that the intervention improved their patients' quality of care, and 25% reported that it helped them take better care of patients. Conclusions: Although our pilot of oncology nurse-led primary palliative care for patients with advanced hematologic malignancies met some of its secondary feasibility endpoints, it did not meet its primary feasibility endpoint (enrollment) and acceptability was mixed. Protecting nursing staff time, increasing patient and clinician involvement in intervention development, and identifying patients with highest supportive needs may improve feasibility and acceptability of future primary palliative care in hematologic malignancy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Resick
- Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Division of General Internal Medicine, Palliative Research Center (PaRC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Caroline Sefcik
- Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Division of General Internal Medicine, Palliative Research Center (PaRC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert M Arnold
- Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Division of General Internal Medicine, Palliative Research Center (PaRC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas W LeBlanc
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marie Bakitas
- School of Nursing/Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Thomas J Smith
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Harry J. Duffey Family Professor of Palliative Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kathleen A Dorritie
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Cancer Therapeutics Program, Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alison Sehgal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Cancer Therapeutics Program, Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Annie Im
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Cancer Therapeutics Program, Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rose Folino
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Cancer Therapeutics Program, Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicole Tarr
- Primary Health Network, Sharon, Pennsylvania,, USA
| | - David Bress
- Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Division of General Internal Medicine, Palliative Research Center (PaRC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yael Schenker
- Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Division of General Internal Medicine, Palliative Research Center (PaRC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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3
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Resick JM, Arnold RM, Sudore RL, Farrell D, Belin S, Althouse AD, Ferrell B, Hammes BJ, Chu E, White DB, Rak KJ, Schenker Y. Patient-centered and efficacious advance care planning in cancer: Protocol and key design considerations for the PEACe-compare trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 96:106071. [PMID: 32739493 PMCID: PMC7510772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.106071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Failure to deliver care near the end of life that reflects the needs, values and preferences of patients with advanced cancer remains a major shortcoming of our cancer care delivery system. METHODS A mixed-methods comparative effectiveness trial of in-person advance care planning (ACP) discussions versus web-based ACP is currently underway at oncology practices in Western Pennsylvania. Patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers are invited to enroll. Participants are randomized to either (1) in-person ACP discussions via face-to-face visits with a nurse facilitator following the Respecting Choices® Conversation Guide or (2) web-based ACP using the PREPARE for your care™ web-based ACP tool. The trial compares the effect of these two interventions on patient and family caregiver outcomes (engagement in ACP, primary outcome; ACP discussions; advance directive (AD) completion; quality of end-of-life (EOL) care; EOL goal attainment; caregiver psychological symptoms; healthcare utilization at EOL) and assesses implementation costs. Factors influencing ACP effectiveness are assessed via in-depth interviews with patients, caregivers and clinicians. DISCUSSION This trial will provide new and much-needed empirical evidence about two patient-facing ACP approaches that successfully overcome limitations of traditional written advance directives but entail very different investments of time and resources. It is innovative in using mixed methods to evaluate not only the comparative effectiveness of these approaches, but also the contexts and mechanisms influencing effectiveness. Data from this study will inform clinicians, payers and health systems seeking to adopt and scale the most effective and efficient ACP strategy in real-world oncology settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Resick
- Palliative Research Center (PaRC), Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Robert M Arnold
- Palliative Research Center (PaRC), Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Rebecca L Sudore
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, SFVAMC 4150 Clement Street, #151R, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
| | - David Farrell
- People Designs, Inc., 1304 Broad Street, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
| | - Shane Belin
- Palliative Research Center (PaRC), Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Andrew D Althouse
- Center for Research on Health Care Data Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Meyran Avenue, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Betty Ferrell
- Division of Nursing Research and Education, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Medical Center, 1500 Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| | - Bernard J Hammes
- Respecting Choices, A Division of C-TAC Innovations, PO Box 258, Oregon, WI 53575-0258, USA.
| | - Edward Chu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology and Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Douglas B White
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness Center, Program on Ethics and Decision Making, 600 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Kimberly J Rak
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness Center, Program on Ethics and Decision Making, 3520 Fifth Ave, Suite100, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Yael Schenker
- Palliative Research Center (PaRC), Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Howe BJ, Cooper ME, Wehby GL, Resick JM, Nidey NL, Valencia-Ramirez LC, Lopez-Palacio AM, Rivera D, Vieira AR, Weinberg SM, Marazita ML, Moreno Uribe LM. Dental Decay Phenotype in Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefting. J Dent Res 2017; 96:1106-1114. [PMID: 28535364 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517709961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although children with oral clefts have a higher risk for dental anomalies when compared with the general population, prior studies have shown conflicting results regarding their dental decay risk. Also, few studies have assessed dental decay risk in unaffected relatives of children with clefts. Thus, the question of increased risk of dental decay in individuals with oral clefts or their unaffected relatives is still open for empirical investigation. This study characterizes dental decay in the largest international cohort to date of children with nonsyndromic clefts and their relatives, as compared with controls, and it addresses whether families with oral clefts have a significantly increased risk for dental decay versus the general population. A total of 3,326 subjects were included: 639 case probands, 1,549 unaffected relatives, and 1,138 controls. Decay was identified from in-person dental examinations or intraoral photographs. Case-control differences were tested with regression analysis. No significant differences were shown in percentage decayed and filled teeth and decayed teeth in the primary dentition (dft, dt) and permanent dentition (DFT, DT) in cases versus controls. In the cleft region, no significant differences were seen in primary or permanent decay (dt, DT) when compared with controls. No difference was found with regard to cleft type and percentage dft, dt, DFT, and DT in case probands. Nonsignificant differences were found in unaffected siblings and parents versus controls (primary and permanent dentitions). Collectively, these findings indicate that individuals with nonsyndromic oral clefts and their families do not have a higher dental decay risk as compared with the general population. These results suggest that either genetic or environmental factors underlying a higher susceptibility for dental anomalies do not increase caries risk or that the seemingly higher risk for dental decay associated with increased dental anomalies in case probands may be superseded by possible greater access to dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Howe
- 1 Department of Family Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,2 The Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M E Cooper
- 3 Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - G L Wehby
- 4 Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J M Resick
- 3 Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - N L Nidey
- 5 Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - A M Lopez-Palacio
- 7 Department of Basic Integrated Studies, College of Dentistry, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - D Rivera
- 8 Population Genetics and Mutacarcinogenesis Group, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - A R Vieira
- 3 Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,9 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S M Weinberg
- 3 Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M L Marazita
- 3 Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,9 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L M Moreno Uribe
- 2 The Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,10 Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Howe BJ, Cooper ME, Vieira AR, Weinberg SM, Resick JM, Nidey NL, Wehby GL, Marazita ML, Moreno Uribe LM. Spectrum of Dental Phenotypes in Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefting. J Dent Res 2015; 94:905-12. [PMID: 26082386 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515588281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with oral clefts show a wide range of dental anomalies, adding complexity to understanding the phenotypic spectrum of orofacial clefting. The evidence is mixed, however, on whether the prevalence of dental anomalies is elevated in unaffected relatives and is mostly based on small samples. In the largest international cohort to date of children with nonsyndromic clefts, their relatives, and controls, this study characterizes the spectrum of cleft-related dental anomalies and evaluates whether families with clefting have a significantly higher risk for such anomalies compared with the general population. A total of 3,811 individuals were included: 660 cases with clefts, 1,922 unaffected relatives, and 1,229 controls. Dental anomalies were identified from in-person dental exams or intraoral photographs, and case-control differences were tested using χ(2) statistics. Cases had higher rates of dental anomalies in the maxillary arch than did controls for primary (21% vs. 4%, P = 3 × 10(-8)) and permanent dentitions (51% vs. 8%, P = 4 × 10(-62)) but not in the mandible. Dental anomalies were more prevalent in cleft lip with cleft palate than other cleft types. More anomalies were seen in the ipsilateral side of the cleft. Agenesis and tooth displacements were the most common dental anomalies found in case probands for primary and permanent dentitions. Compared with controls, unaffected siblings (10% vs. 2%, P = 0.003) and parents (13% vs. 7%, P = 0.001) showed a trend for increased anomalies of the maxillary permanent dentition. Yet, these differences were nonsignificant after multiple-testing correction, suggesting genetic heterogeneity in some families carrying susceptibility to both overt clefts and dental anomalies. Collectively, the findings suggest that most affected families do not have higher genetic risk for dental anomalies than the general population and that the higher prevalence of anomalies in cases is primarily a physical consequence of the cleft and surgical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Howe
- Department of Family Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M E Cooper
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - A R Vieira
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S M Weinberg
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J M Resick
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - N L Nidey
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - G L Wehby
- Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L M Moreno Uribe
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Shimizu T, Deeley K, Briseño-Ruiz J, Faraco IM, Poletta FA, Brancher JA, Pecharki GD, Küchler EC, Tannure PN, Lips A, Vieira TCS, Patir A, Yildirim M, Mereb JC, Resick JM, Brandon CA, Cooper ME, Seymen F, Costa MC, Granjeiro JM, Trevilatto PC, Orioli IM, Castilla EE, Marazita ML, Vieira AR. Fine-mapping of 5q12.1-13.3 unveils new genetic contributors to caries. Caries Res 2013; 47:273-83. [PMID: 23363935 DOI: 10.1159/000346278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Caries is a multifactorial disease and little is still known about the host genetic factors influencing susceptibility. Our previous genome-wide linkage scan has identified the interval 5q12.1-5q13.3 as linked to low caries susceptibility in Filipino families. Here we fine-mapped this region in order to identify genetic contributors to caries susceptibility. Four hundred and seventy-seven subjects from 72 pedigrees with similar cultural and behavioral habits and limited access to dental care living in the Philippines were studied. DMFT scores and genotype data of 75 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were evaluated in the Filipino families with the Family-Based Association Test. For replication purposes, a total 1,467 independent subjects from five different populations were analyzed in a case-control format. In the Filipino cohort, statistically significant and borderline associations were found between low caries experience and four genes spanning 13 million base pairs (PART1, ZSWIM6, CCNB1, and BTF3). We were able to replicate these results in some of the populations studied. We detected PART1 and BTF3 expression in whole saliva, and the expression of BTF3 was associated with caries experience. Our results suggest BTF3 may have a functional role in protecting against caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shimizu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan
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7
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Shimizu T, Ho B, Deeley K, Briseño-Ruiz J, Faraco IM, Schupack BI, Brancher JA, Pecharki GD, Küchler EC, Tannure PN, Lips A, Vieira TCS, Patir A, Yildirim M, Poletta FA, Mereb JC, Resick JM, Brandon CA, Orioli IM, Castilla EE, Marazita ML, Seymen F, Costa MC, Granjeiro JM, Trevilatto PC, Vieira AR. Enamel formation genes influence enamel microhardness before and after cariogenic challenge. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45022. [PMID: 23028741 PMCID: PMC3454391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence for a genetic component in caries susceptibility, and studies in humans have suggested that variation in enamel formation genes may contribute to caries. For the present study, we used DNA samples collected from 1,831 individuals from various population data sets. Single nucleotide polymorphism markers were genotyped in selected genes (ameloblastin, amelogenin, enamelin, tuftelin, and tuftelin interacting protein 11) that influence enamel formation. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between groups with distinct caries experience. Associations with caries experience can be detected but they are not necessarily replicated in all population groups and the most expressive results was for a marker in AMELX (p=0.0007). To help interpret these results, we evaluated if enamel microhardness changes under simulated cariogenic challenges are associated with genetic variations in these same genes. After creating an artificial caries lesion, associations could be seen between genetic variation in TUFT1 (p=0.006) and TUIP11 (p=0.0006) with enamel microhardness. Our results suggest that the influence of genetic variation of enamel formation genes may influence the dynamic interactions between the enamel surface and the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Shimizu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bao Ho
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jessica Briseño-Ruiz
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Italo M. Faraco
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Brett I. Schupack
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - João A. Brancher
- Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Giovana D. Pecharki
- Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Erika C. Küchler
- Clinical Research Unit, Biology Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia N. Tannure
- Discipline of Pediatric Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrea Lips
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thays C. S. Vieira
- Clinical Research Unit, Biology Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Asli Patir
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Yildirim
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fernando A. Poletta
- Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan C. Mereb
- Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), Hospital de Area El Bolsón, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Judith M. Resick
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carla A. Brandon
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Iêda M. Orioli
- Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP-CNPq), Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo E. Castilla
- Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP-CNPq), Department of Genetics, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marcelo C. Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José M. Granjeiro
- Clinical Research Unit, Biology Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula C. Trevilatto
- Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Vieira AR, Deeley KB, Callahan NF, Noel JB, Anjomshoaa I, Carricato WM, Schulhof LP, Desensi RS, Gandhi P, Resick JM, Brandon CA, Rozhon C, Patir A, Yildirim M, Poletta FA, Mereb JC, Letra A, Menezes R, Wendell S, Lopez-Camelo JS, Castilla EE, Orioli IM, Seymen F, Weyant RJ, Crout R, McNeil DW, Modesto A, Marazita ML. Detection of Streptococcus mutans Genomic DNA in Human DNA Samples Extracted from Saliva and Blood. ISRN Dent 2011; 2011:543561. [PMID: 21731912 PMCID: PMC3128887 DOI: 10.5402/2011/543561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Caries is a multifactorial disease, and studies aiming to unravel the factors modulating its etiology must consider all known predisposing factors. One major factor is bacterial colonization, and Streptococcus mutans is the main microorganism associated with the initiation of the disease. In our studies, we have access to DNA samples extracted from human saliva and blood. In this report, we tested a real-time PCR assay developed to detect copies of genomic DNA from Streptococcus mutans in 1,424 DNA samples from humans. Our results suggest that we can determine the presence of genomic DNA copies of Streptococcus mutans in both DNA samples from caries-free and caries-affected individuals. However, we were not able to detect the presence of genomic DNA copies of Streptococcus mutans in any DNA samples extracted from peripheral blood, which suggests the assay may not be sensitive enough for this goal. Values of the threshold cycle of the real-time PCR reaction correlate with higher levels of caries experience in children, but this correlation could not be detected for adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Weinberg SM, Naidoo SD, Bardi KM, Brandon CA, Neiswanger K, Resick JM, Martin RA, Marazita ML. Face shape of unaffected parents with cleft affected offspring: combining three-dimensional surface imaging and geometric morphometrics. Orthod Craniofac Res 2009; 12:271-81. [PMID: 19840279 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-6343.2009.01462.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Various lines of evidence suggest that face shape may be a predisposing factor for non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P). In the present study, 3D surface imaging and statistical shape analysis were used to evaluate face shape differences between the unaffected (non-cleft) parents of individuals with CL / P and unrelated controls. METHODS Sixteen facial landmarks were collected from 3D captures of 80 unaffected parents and 80 matched controls. Prior to analysis, each unaffected parent was assigned to a subgroup on the basis of prior family history (positive or negative). A geometric morphometric approach was utilized to scale and superimpose the landmark coordinate data (Procrustes analysis), test for omnibus group differences in face shape, and uncover specific modes of shape variation capable of discriminating unaffected parents from controls. RESULTS Significant disparity in face shape was observed between unaffected parents and controls (p < 0.01). Notably, these changes were specific to parents with a positive family history of CL/P. Shape changes associated with CL/P predisposition included marked flattening of the facial profile (midface retrusion), reduced upper facial height, increased lower facial height, and excess interorbital width. Additionally, a sex-specific pattern of parent-control difference was evident in the transverse dimensions of the nasolabial complex. CONCLUSIONS The faces of unaffected parents from multiplex cleft families displayed meaningful shape differences compared with the general population. Quantitative assessment of the facial phenotype in cleft families may enhance efforts to discover the root causes of CL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Weinberg
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Deeley K, Letra A, Rose EK, Brandon CA, Resick JM, Marazita ML, Vieira AR. Possible association of amelogenin to high caries experience in a Guatemalan-Mayan population. Caries Res 2007; 42:8-13. [PMID: 18042988 DOI: 10.1159/000111744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2007] [Accepted: 08/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence for a genetic component in caries susceptibility, but the disease is greatly influenced by environmental factors, which are extremely difficult to control in humans. For the present study, we used DNA samples collected from 110 unrelated, non-cleft individuals older than 12 years of age from Tiquisate, Guatemala: a population with similar cultural, dietary and hygiene habits, similar access to the dentist and fluoride exposure. Forty-four individuals were designated 'very low caries experience' (DMFT < or = 2), and 66 were designated 'higher caries experience' (DMFT > or = 3). Single-nucleotide polymorphism markers were genotyped in selected candidate genes (ameloblastin, amelogenin, enamelin, tuftelin-1, and tuftelin interacting protein 11) that influence enamel formation. Having at least one copy of the rare amelogenin marker allele was associated with increased age-adjusted caries experience. This association was stronger in individuals with higher DMFT (DMFT > or = 20; p = 0.0000001). Our results suggest that variation in amelogenin may contribute to caries susceptibility in the population studied. The approach of comparing individuals with extremely distinct caries experiences could be valuable for decreasing the potential influence of environmental factors on genetic studies of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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11
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Neiswanger K, Weinberg SM, Rogers CR, Brandon CA, Cooper ME, Bardi KM, Deleyiannis FWB, Resick JM, Bowen A, Mooney MP, de Salamanca JE, González B, Maher BS, Martin RA, Marazita ML. Orbicularis oris muscle defects as an expanded phenotypic feature in nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143A:1143-9. [PMID: 17497721 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Nonsyndromic cleft lip+/-cleft palate is a complex disease with a wide phenotypic spectrum; occult defects of the superior orbicularis oris muscle may represent the mildest subclinical form of the lip portion of the phenotype. This study used high-resolution ultrasonography to compare the frequency of discontinuities in the OO muscle in 525 unaffected relatives of individuals with nonsyndromic cleft lip+/-cleft palate versus 257 unaffected controls. OO muscle discontinuities were observed in 54 (10.3%) of the non-cleft relatives, compared to 15 (5.8%) of the controls-a statistically significant increase (P=0.04). Male relatives had a significantly higher rate of discontinuities than male controls (12.0% vs. 3.2%; P=0.01); female relatives also had a higher rate of discontinuities than female controls, but the increase was not statistically significant (8.9% vs. 7.4%; P=0.56). These data confirm the hypothesis that subepithelial OO muscle defects are a mild manifestation of the cleft lip phenotype. Identification of subepithelial OO muscle defects may be important in a clinical setting, as a means of providing more accurate recurrence risk estimates to relatives in cleft families. Furthermore, the expansion of the cleft lip+/-cleft palate phenotypic spectrum should improve the power of genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Neiswanger
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, and Department of Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA
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