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Bréhat J, Leick S, Musman J, Su JB, Eychenne N, Giton F, Rivard M, Barel LA, Tropeano C, Vitarelli F, Caccia C, Leoni V, Ghaleh B, Pons S, Morin D. Identification of a mechanism promoting mitochondrial sterol accumulation during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion: role of TSPO and STAR. Basic Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00395-024-01043-3. [PMID: 38517482 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for coronary artery diseases and cardiac ischemic events. Cholesterol per se could also have negative effects on the myocardium, independently from hypercholesterolemia. Previously, we reported that myocardial ischemia-reperfusion induces a deleterious build-up of mitochondrial cholesterol and oxysterols, which is potentiated by hypercholesterolemia and prevented by translocator protein (TSPO) ligands. Here, we studied the mechanism by which sterols accumulate in cardiac mitochondria and promote mitochondrial dysfunction. We performed myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in rats to evaluate mitochondrial function, TSPO, and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) levels and the related mitochondrial concentrations of sterols. Rats were treated with the cholesterol synthesis inhibitor pravastatin or the TSPO ligand 4'-chlorodiazepam. We used Tspo deleted rats, which were phenotypically characterized. Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis reduced mitochondrial sterol accumulation and protected mitochondria during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. We found that cardiac mitochondrial sterol accumulation is the consequence of enhanced influx of cholesterol and not of the inhibition of its mitochondrial metabolism during ischemia-reperfusion. Mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation at reperfusion was related to an increase in mitochondrial STAR but not to changes in TSPO levels. 4'-Chlorodiazepam inhibited this mechanism and prevented mitochondrial sterol accumulation and mitochondrial ischemia-reperfusion injury, underlying the close cooperation between STAR and TSPO. Conversely, Tspo deletion, which did not alter cardiac phenotype, abolished the effects of 4'-chlorodiazepam. This study reveals a novel mitochondrial interaction between TSPO and STAR to promote cholesterol and deleterious sterol mitochondrial accumulation during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. This interaction regulates mitochondrial homeostasis and plays a key role during mitochondrial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Bréhat
- INSERM U955-IMRB, Team Ghaleh, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Faculté de Santé, 8 rue du général Sarrail, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Shirin Leick
- INSERM U955-IMRB, Team Ghaleh, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Faculté de Santé, 8 rue du général Sarrail, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Julien Musman
- INSERM U955-IMRB, Team Ghaleh, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Faculté de Santé, 8 rue du général Sarrail, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Jin Bo Su
- INSERM U955-IMRB, Team Ghaleh, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Faculté de Santé, 8 rue du général Sarrail, 94000, Créteil, France
| | | | - Frank Giton
- Pôle Biologie-Pathologie, IMRB U955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | | | - Chiara Tropeano
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, ASST-Brianza Department of Medicine and Surgery, Hospital Pio XI Desio, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Frederica Vitarelli
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, ASST-Brianza Department of Medicine and Surgery, Hospital Pio XI Desio, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Claudio Caccia
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Fondazione IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Leoni
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, ASST-Brianza Department of Medicine and Surgery, Hospital Pio XI Desio, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Bijan Ghaleh
- INSERM U955-IMRB, Team Ghaleh, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Faculté de Santé, 8 rue du général Sarrail, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Sandrine Pons
- INSERM U955-IMRB, Team Ghaleh, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Faculté de Santé, 8 rue du général Sarrail, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Didier Morin
- INSERM U955-IMRB, Team Ghaleh, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Faculté de Santé, 8 rue du général Sarrail, 94000, Créteil, France.
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Czibik G, Mezdari Z, Murat Altintas D, Bréhat J, Pini M, d'Humières T, Delmont T, Radu C, Breau M, Liang H, Martel C, Abatan A, Sarwar R, Marion O, Naushad S, Zhang Y, Halfaoui M, Suffee N, Morin D, Adnot S, Hatem S, Yavari A, Sawaki D, Derumeaux G. Dysregulated Phenylalanine Catabolism Plays a Key Role in the Trajectory of Cardiac Aging. Circulation 2021; 144:559-574. [PMID: 34162223 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.054204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging myocardium undergoes progressive cardiac hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis with diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Recent metabolomics studies shed light on amino acids in aging. The present study aimed to dissect how aging leads to elevated plasma levels of the essential amino acid phenylalanine and how it may promote age-related cardiac dysfunction. METHODS We studied cardiac structure and function, together with phenylalanine catabolism in wild-type (WT) and p21-/- mice (male; 2-24 months), with the latter known to be protected from cellular senescence. To explore phenylalanine's effects on cellular senescence and ectopic phenylalanine catabolism, we treated cardiomyocytes (primary adult rat or human AC-16) with phenylalanine. To establish a role for phenylalanine in driving cardiac aging, WT male mice were treated twice a day with phenylalanine (200 mg/kg) for a month. We also treated aged WT mice with tetrahydrobiopterin (10 mg/kg), the essential cofactor for the phenylalanine-degrading enzyme PAH (phenylalanine hydroxylase), or restricted dietary phenylalanine intake. The impact of senescence on hepatic phenylalanine catabolism was explored in vitro in AML12 hepatocytes treated with Nutlin3a (a p53 activator), with or without p21-targeting small interfering RNA or tetrahydrobiopterin, with quantification of PAH and tyrosine levels. RESULTS Natural aging is associated with a progressive increase in plasma phenylalanine levels concomitant with cardiac dysfunction, whereas p21 deletion delayed these changes. Phenylalanine treatment induced premature cardiac deterioration in young WT mice, strikingly akin to that occurring with aging, while triggering cellular senescence, redox, and epigenetic changes. Pharmacological restoration of phenylalanine catabolism with tetrahydrobiopterin administration or dietary phenylalanine restriction abrogated the rise in plasma phenylalanine and reversed cardiac senescent alterations in aged WT mice. Observations from aged mice and human samples implicated age-related decline in hepatic phenylalanine catabolism as a key driver of elevated plasma phenylalanine levels and showed increased myocardial PAH-mediated phenylalanine catabolism, a novel signature of cardiac aging. CONCLUSIONS Our findings establish a pathogenic role for increased phenylalanine levels in cardiac aging, linking plasma phenylalanine levels to cardiac senescence via dysregulated phenylalanine catabolism along a hepatic-cardiac axis. They highlight phenylalanine/PAH modulation as a potential therapeutic strategy for age-associated cardiac impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Czibik
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Department of Physiology (G.C., T.d'H., S.A., G.D.), AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU-SENEC, Créteil, France
| | - Zaineb Mezdari
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Dogus Murat Altintas
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Juliette Bréhat
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Maria Pini
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Thomas d'Humières
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Department of Physiology (G.C., T.d'H., S.A., G.D.), AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU-SENEC, Créteil, France
| | - Thaïs Delmont
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Costin Radu
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Department of Cardiac Surgery (C.R.), AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU-SENEC, Créteil, France
| | - Marielle Breau
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Hao Liang
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Cecile Martel
- Mitologics SAS (C.M.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Azania Abatan
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Rizwan Sarwar
- Experimental Therapeutics, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (R.S., A.Y.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ophélie Marion
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Suzain Naushad
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Maissa Halfaoui
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Nadine Suffee
- Sorbonne Universités, INSERM UMR_S1166, Faculté de Médecine UPMC, Paris, France (N.S., S.H.)
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Paris, France (N.S., S.H.)
| | - Didier Morin
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Serge Adnot
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Department of Physiology (G.C., T.d'H., S.A., G.D.), AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU-SENEC, Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Hatem
- Sorbonne Universités, INSERM UMR_S1166, Faculté de Médecine UPMC, Paris, France (N.S., S.H.)
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Paris, France (N.S., S.H.)
| | - Arash Yavari
- Experimental Therapeutics, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (R.S., A.Y.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (A.Y.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daigo Sawaki
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Geneviève Derumeaux
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Department of Physiology (G.C., T.d'H., S.A., G.D.), AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU-SENEC, Créteil, France
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