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Acute inhibition of AMPA receptors by perampanel reduces amyloid β-protein levels by suppressing β-cleavage of APP in Alzheimer's disease models. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23252. [PMID: 37850918 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300837r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal hyperexcitability is a promising therapeutic target to prevent Aβ deposition in AD since enhanced neuronal activity promotes presynaptic Aβ production and release. This article highlights the potential application of perampanel (PER), an AMPA receptor (AMPAR) antagonist approved for partial seizures, as a therapeutic agent for AD. Using transgenic AD mice combined with in vivo brain microdialysis and primary neurons under oligomeric Aβ-evoked neuronal hyperexcitability, the acute effects of PER on Aβ metabolism were investigated. A single oral administration of PER rapidly decreased ISF Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in the hippocampus of J20, APP transgenic mice, without affecting the Aβ40 /Aβ42 ratio; 5 mg/kg PER resulted in declines of 20% and 31%, respectively. Moreover, PER-treated J20 manifested a marked decrease in hippocampal APP βCTF levels with increased FL-APP levels. Consistently, acute treatment of PER reduced sAPPβ levels, a direct byproduct of β-cleavage of APP, released to the medium in primary neuronal cultures under oligomeric Aβ-induced neuronal hyperexcitability. To further evaluate the effect of PER on ISF Aβ clearance, a γ-secretase inhibitor was administered to J20 1 h after PER treatment. PER did not influence the elimination of ISF Aβ, indicating that the acute effect of PER is predominantly on Aβ production. In conclusion, acute treatment of PER reduces Aβ production by suppressing β-cleavage of amyloid-β precursor protein effectively, indicating a potential effect of PER against Aβ pathology in AD.
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Long-term outcomes of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging-guided laparoscopic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection for clinical stage II/III middle-lower rectal cancer: a propensity score-matched cohort study. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 27:759-767. [PMID: 36773172 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02761-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that indocyanine green fluorescence imaging (ICG-FI)-guided laparoscopic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLND) was able to increase the total number of harvested lateral pelvic lymph nodes without impairing functional preservation. However, the long-term outcomes of ICG-FI-guided laparoscopic LPLND have not been evaluated. The aim of the present study was to compare the long-term outcomes of ICG-FI-guided laparoscopic LPLND to conventional laparoscopic LPLND without ICG-FI. METHODS This was a retrospective, multi-institutional study with propensity score matching. The study population included consecutive patients with middle-low rectal cancer (clinical stage II to III) who underwent laparoscopic LPLND between January 2013 and February 2018. The main evaluation items in this study were the 3-year overall survival, relapse-free survival (RFS), local recurrence rate, and lateral local recurrence (LLR) rate. RESULTS A total of 172 patients with middle-lower rectal cancer who had undergone laparoscopic LPLND were included in this study. After propensity score matching, 58 patients were matched in each of the ICG-FI and non-ICG-FI groups. There were no substantial differences in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. The ICG-FI group and non-ICG-FI group included 40 and 38 women and had a median age of 65 (IQR 60-72) and 66 (IQR 60-73) years, respectively. The median follow-up for all patients was 63.7 (IQR 51.3-76.8) months. The estimated respective 3-year overall survival, RFS, and local recurrence rates were 93.1%, 70.7%, and 5.2% in the ICG-FI group and 85.9%, 71.7%, and 12.8% in the non-ICG-FI group (p = 0.201, 0.653, 0.391). The 3-year cumulative LLR rate was 0% in the ICG-FI group and 9.3% in the non-ICG-FI group (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that laparoscopic LPLND combined with ICG-FI was able to decrease the LLR rate. It appears that ICG-FI could contribute to improving the quality of laparoscopic LPLND and strengthening local control of the lateral pelvis. TRIALS REGISTRATION This study was registered with the Japanese Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000041372 ( http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm ).
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Activation of Lactate Receptor Positively Regulates Skeletal Muscle Mass in Mice. Physiol Res 2023; 72:465-473. [PMID: 37795889 PMCID: PMC10634564 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81), a selective receptor for lactate, expresses in skeletal muscle cells, but the physiological role of GPR81 in skeletal muscle has not been fully elucidated. As it has been reported that the lactate administration induces muscle hypertrophy, the stimulation of GPR81 has been suggested to mediate muscle hypertrophy. To clarify the contribution of GPR81 activation in skeletal muscle hypertrophy, in the present study, we investigated the effect of GPR81 agonist administration on skeletal muscle mass in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group and GPR81 agonist-administered group that received oral administration of the specific GPR81 agonist 3-Chloro-5-hydroxybenzoic acid (CHBA). In both fast-twitch plantaris and slow-twitch soleus muscles of mice, the protein expression of GPR81 was observed. Oral administration of CHBA to mice significantly increased absolute muscle weight and muscle weight relative to body weight in the two muscles. Moreover, both absolute and relative muscle protein content in the two muscles were significantly increased by CHBA administration. CHBA administration also significantly upregulated the phosphorylation level of p42/44 extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (p90RSK). These observations suggest that activation of GRP81 stimulates increased the mass of two types of skeletal muscle in mice in vivo. Lactate receptor GPR81 may positively affect skeletal muscle mass through activation of ERK pathway.
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Initial experience with the transanal approach for lateral pelvic lymph node dissection in rectal cancer. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 27:685-691. [PMID: 36757559 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy and safety of transanal lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (TaLPLND) in rectal cancer has not yet been clarified. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the short-term results as an initial experience of TaLPLND. METHODS This retrospective study included patients with middle to lower rectal cancer who underwent TaLPLND from July 2018 to July 2021. Our institutions targeted lymph nodes in the internal iliac area and the obturator area for lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLND). RESULTS A total of 30 consecutive patients with rectal cancer were included in this analysis. The median age was 60 years (range, 36-83 years), and the male-female ratio was 2:1. The median operative time was 362 min (IQR, 283-661 min), and the median intraoperative blood loss was 74 ml (IQR, 5-500 ml). Intraoperative blood transfusion was required in one case. No cases required conversion to laparotomy. TaLPLND was performed bilaterally in 13 patients (43.3%). Five patients (16.7%) underwent LPLND with combined resection of the internal iliac vessels. The median distance of the distal margin from the anal verge was 20 mm. The pathological radial margin (pRM) was positive in one case, and the negative pRM rate was 96.7%. Short-term postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo classification grade ≥ II) were observed in nine cases (30.0%). There were no cases of reoperation or mortality. The median number of harvested lateral pelvic lymph nodes was 11 (range, 3-28). On pathological examination, lateral pelvic lymph nodes were positive for metastasis in seven cases (23.3%). CONCLUSIONS TaLPLND appeared to be beneficial from an oncological point of view because it was close to the upstream lymphatic drainage from the tumor. The short-term outcomes of this initial experience indicate that this novel approach is feasible.
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30 Long-term efficacy, safety, and predictors of response to amivantamab among patients with post-platinum EGFR Ex20ins-mutated advanced NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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A case of Fukuyama-type congenital muscular dystrophy with acute carnitine deficiency triggered by fever, vomiting, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Nutrition 2023; 110:112011. [PMID: 36965241 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carnitine is essential for transporting long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria and promotes energy metabolism via β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. Although carnitine is also present in the peripheral blood, 98% of total carnitine is stored in muscle tissue. Neuromuscular diseases accompanied by muscle atrophy are likely to lead to secondary carnitine deficiency, owing to the reduced amount of total carnitine stored in the body. CASE PRESENTATION An 8-y-old Japanese boy with Fukuyama-type congenital muscular dystrophy accompanied by severe psychomotor retardation had been constantly bedridden, suffered from dysphagia, and had been fed through a gastrostomy tube since the age of 1 y. Regular oral carnitine supplementation (5 mg/kg/d of levocarnitine) was initiated at the age of 7 y, which increased serum carnitine value to within the normal range (serum total carnitine concentration, 58.5-60.9 μmol/L; acylcarnitine concentration, 45.8-55.0 μmol/L; free carnitine concentration, 5.9-12.7 μmol/L). He developed a fever, vomiting, and gastrointestinal bleeding at the age of 8 y. He fell into a coma and visited an emergency room 12 h later. Hypoglycemia and hypocarnitinemia (serum total carnitine concentration, 3.7 μmol/L; acylcarnitine concentration, 2.9 μmol/L; free carnitine concentration, 0.8 μmol/L; acyl-to-free carnitine ratio, 3.6) were observed, and he was found to be negative for urinary ketone bodies. CONCLUSIONS Neuromuscular diseases accompanied by muscle atrophy may lead to acute carnitine deficiency, even if the serum carnitine concentration is within the normal range before onset. During sick days, it may be necessary to modify a patient's treatment, such as increasing both oral supplementation and intravenous administration of carnitine.
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394P Research of the algorithm for rare driver genes in non-small cell lung cancer using pathological images and artificial intelligence. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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322MO Amivantamab in combination with lazertinib in patients with atypical epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations excluding exon 20 insertion mutations: Initial results from CHRYSALIS-2. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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976P Phase II trial of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in patients (Pts) with HER2-mutated (HER2m) metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Registrational data from DESTINY-Lung01. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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997P Phase I study of brigatinib plus panitumumab in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer resistant to osimertinib (BEBOP): Early termination due to severe early onset pneumonitis by brigatinib. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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EP08.02-113 Clinico-genomic Characteristics of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Harboring EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutations. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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EP08.02-045 Phase 1/2 Study of BLU-945 in Patients With Common Activating EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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MA13.04 Entrectinib in Patients with ROS1 Fusion-Positive (ROS1-fp) NSCLC: Updated Efficacy and Safety Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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EP08.02-016 Frontline and Post-Osimertinib Therapy for EGFR-mutant Advanced NSCLC: Treatment Patterns, Outcomes, Healthcare Use and Costs. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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977P Phase II study of brigatinib in patients with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-naïve ROS1-rearranged advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Barossa cohort 1. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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EP08.02-019 Phase 1/2 Study of BLU-701, a Highly Selective EGFR Inhibitor, in Patients With EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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27P Durability of efficacy and safety with selpercatinib in patients (pts) with RET fusion+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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OA02.04 Phase II Trial of Antiemetic Oral Granisetron Plus Dexamethasone for Nausea and Vomiting Caused by Crizotinib in ALK or ROS1 Fusion-Positive NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Development of novel vaccine to reduce galectin-3 for Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.119028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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P50.04 Amivantamab in Combination With Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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1249P Pharmacokinetic and dose finding study of osimertinib in patients with impaired renal function and low body weight. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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1361TiP Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in patients (pts) with HER2-mutated (HER2m) metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A phase (ph) II study (DESTINY-Lung02). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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1193MO Amivantamab plus lazertinib in post-osimertinib, post-platinum chemotherapy EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Preliminary results from CHRYSALIS-2. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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GFAP-Negative Subcutaneous Sacrococcygeal Extraspinal Ependymoma. Case Rep Dermatol 2021; 13:293-297. [PMID: 34248535 PMCID: PMC8255738 DOI: 10.1159/000516618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ependymomas are slowly growing glial tumors derived from the ependymal cells and usually occur in the central nervous system (CNS). Ependymomas rarely occur outside of the CNS and they are called extraspinal ependymomas. In spite of their metastatic potential, extraspinal ependymomas can be misdiagnosed for other benign mass like pilonidal cysts. The diagnosis is confirmed by histopathology and most of the cases are known to show glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein, and keratin (AE1AE3) immunoreactivity. Herein, we present a case of GFAP-negative ependymoma, which presented as asymptomatic subcutaneous tumor of the left buttock and was clinically misdiagnosed as epidermal cyst. Our case indicates that ependymomas cannot be ruled out by lack of GFAP immunoreactivity and an asymptomatic subcutaneous mass could be a malignant tumor like ependymomas, which requires careful examinations.
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Corrigendum to “Entrectinib in patients with ROS1 fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours: Analysis of response by line of therapy”. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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OA04.04 Amivantamab in Post-platinum EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutant Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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FP14.10 Efficacy and Safety of Selpercatinib (LOXO-292) in East Asian Patients with RET Fusion-Positive NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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FP14.05 LIBRETTO-431: Selpercatinib in Treatment-Naïve Patients with RET Fusion-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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P89.06 Prospective Concordance Study of a Multi-Gene PCR Assay and NGS for the Detection of Targetable Gene Alterations in Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.1271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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P15.03 A Phase 1/1b Study of Lazertinib as Monotherapy and in Combination with Amivantamab in Advanced EGFR-Mutated NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Infection control in the respiratory care of coronavirus disease-19 patients with neuromuscular diseases. NEUROLOGY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 9:159-165. [PMID: 33821184 PMCID: PMC8013339 DOI: 10.1111/ncn3.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Close contact is unavoidable in the care of patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMD). In addition, respiratory physiotherapy and noninvasive ventilation generate massive amounts of aerosols. Caring for a patient suffering from coronavirus disease-19 raises concerns about the risk of infection not only to the caregiver and/or medical staff but also to other individuals in contact with these personnel. We reviewed the points to be noted in infection control when a patient with neuromuscular diseases receiving respiratory care is infected with COVID-19 and summarizes the recommendation. Infected patients must be isolated in a negative-pressure or actively ventilated room. Clear zoning separating clean and infected areas should be performed for pathogen containment. Caregivers should wear appropriate personal protective equipment and thoroughly clean their hands. Leak-prevention measures and the use of proper respiratory circuits and filters with virus-removal performance are crucial to reducing aerosols in noninvasive ventilation. Although respiratory physiotherapy is essential, treatment should be minimized in consideration of the infection state and sputum status, and alternative therapies such as postural drainage should be carefully considered. Infection control is distinctly obligate; however, it impairs the quality of life and activity of daily living significantly. We should implement it with enough ethical consideration, adequate explanation, and patient consent. We hope that this paper will contribute to appropriate COVID-19 infection control in patients with neuromuscular diseases requiring respiratory care.
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Transition of ANXA10 expression is a useful diagnostic and prognostic marker in upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Erlotinib plus bevacizumab vs erlotinib monotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: Survival follow-up results of the randomized JO25567 study. Lung Cancer 2020; 151:20-24. [PMID: 33279874 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The JO25567 randomized Phase II study demonstrated a statistically significant progression-free survival (PFS) benefit with erlotinib plus bevacizumab compared with erlotinib monotherapy in chemotherapy-naïve Japanese patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive (EGFR+) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we present updated PFS and final overall survival (OS) data after a median follow-up of 34.7 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with stage IIIB/IV or postoperative recurrent NSCLC were randomized to receive oral erlotinib 150 mg once daily (n = 77) or erlotinib in combination with intravenous bevacizumab 15 mg/kg every 21 days (n = 75) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. OS was analyzed using an unstratified Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS Consistent with the primary analysis, addition of bevacizumab to erlotinib was associated with a significant improvement in PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.52; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.35-0.76; log-rank two-sided P = 0.0005; median 16.4 months vs 9.8 months, respectively). In contrast, a significant improvement in OS was not seen (HR 0.81; 95 % CI, 0.53-1.23; P = 0.3267; median 47.0 months vs 47.4 months, respectively). Post-study therapy was similar between the treatment arms and EGFR mutation type did not affect OS outcomes. The 5-year OS rate was numerically higher with erlotinib plus bevacizumab vs erlotinib monotherapy (41 % vs 35 %). Updated safety analyses confirmed the previously reported manageable tolerability profile, with no new safety issues. CONCLUSION Addition of bevacizumab to first-line erlotinib did not show significant improvement in OS in Japanese patients with stage IIIB/IV or postoperative recurrent EGFR+ NSCLC. Both treatment arms showed a similar median OS benefit (as long as 4 years), irrespective of individual patient characteristics. Results from ongoing studies evaluating the combination of EGFR and VEGF signaling inhibitors are eagerly awaited. TRIAL REGISTRATION JapicCTI-111390 and JapicCTI-142569.
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1416TiP CodeBreak 200: A phase III multicenter study of sotorasib (AMG 510), a KRAS(G12C) inhibitor, versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring KRAS p.G12C mutation. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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364O Intracranial efficacy of entrectinib in patients with NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours and baseline CNS metastases. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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1291P Hypersensitivity reactions (HR) to selpercatinib in RET fusion+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (pts) following immune checkpoint inhibition (CPI). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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37
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1413TiP LIBRETTO-431: Selpercatinib in treatment (Tx)-naïve patients with RET fusion-positive (RET+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Longitudinal analysis of conventional laparoscopic, posterior retroperitoneoscopic, and laparoendoscopic single-site adrenalectomy regarding cosmesis and satisfaction outcomes. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33186-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Recurrence and progression free survival of intermediate risk NMIBC: The impact of conditional evaluation and sub-classification. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Catalysis of CO 2 Absorption in an Aqueous Alkanolamine Solution by Boron Compounds: A Combined Computational and Experimental Study. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Anti-PD1 checkpoint inhibitor therapy in acral melanoma: a multicenter study of 193 Japanese patients. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1198-1206. [PMID: 32522691 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acral melanoma (AM) is an epidemiologically and molecularly distinct entity that is underrepresented in clinical trials on immunotherapy in melanoma. We aimed to analyze the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1) antibodies in advanced AM. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated unresectable stage III or stage IV AM patients treated with an anti-PD-1 antibody in any line at 21 Japanese institutions between 2014 and 2018. The clinicobiologic characteristics, objective response rate (ORR, RECIST), survival estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and toxicity (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events 4.0.) were analyzed to estimate the efficacy of the anti-PD-1 antibodies. RESULTS In total, 193 patients (nail apparatus, 70; palm and sole, 123) were included in the study. Anti-PD-1 antibody was used as first-line therapy in 143 patients (74.1%). Baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was within the normal concentration in 102 patients (52.8%). The ORR of all patients was 16.6% (complete response, 3.1%; partial response, 13.5%), and the median overall survival (OS) was 18.1 months. Normal LDH concentrations showed a significantly stronger association with better OS than abnormal concentrations (median OS 24.9 versus 10.7 months; P < 0.001). Although baseline characteristics were similar between the nail apparatus and the palm and sole groups, ORR was significantly lower in the nail apparatus group [6/70 patients (8.6%) versus 26/123 patients (21.1%); P = 0.026]. Moreover, the median OS in this group was significantly poorer (12.8 versus 22.3 months; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Anti-PD-1 antibodies have limited efficacy in AM patients. Notably, patients with nail apparatus melanoma had poorer response and survival, making nail apparatus melanoma a strong candidate for further research on the efficacy of novel combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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TATTON: a multi-arm, phase Ib trial of osimertinib combined with selumetinib, savolitinib, or durvalumab in EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:507-516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Pemphigus vulgaris in a recipient and pemphigus foliaceus in a donor after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation between two siblings. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e383-e386. [PMID: 32043651 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Comparison of incisor axis changes in OSA patients under oral appliance therapy: rigid versus flexible oral appliances. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Objectives Using a simple classification method, we aimed to estimate the collapse rate due to osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in order to develop treatment guidelines for joint-preserving surgeries. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 505 hips from 310 patients (141 men, 169 women; mean age 45.5 years (sd 14.9; 15 to 86)) diagnosed with ONFH and classified them using the Japanese Investigation Committee (JIC) classification. The JIC system includes four visualized types based on the location and size of osteonecrotic lesions on weightbearing surfaces (types A, B, C1, and C2) and the stage of ONFH. The collapse rate due to ONFH was calculated using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, with radiological collapse/arthroplasty as endpoints. Results Bilateral cases accounted for 390 hips, while unilateral cases accounted for 115. According to the JIC types, 21 hips were type A, 34 were type B, 173 were type C1, and 277 were type C2. At initial diagnosis, 238/505 hips (47.0%) had already collapsed. Further, the cumulative survival rate was analyzed in 212 precollapsed hips, and the two-year and five-year collapse rates were found to be 0% and 0%, 7.9% and 7.9%, 23.2% and 36.6%, and 57.8% and 84.8% for types A, B, C1, and C2, respectively. Conclusion Type A ONFH needs no further treatment, but precollapse type C2 ONFH warrants immediate treatment with joint-preserving surgery. Considering the high collapse rate, our study results justify the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in asymptomatic patients with type C2 ONFH. Cite this article: Y. Kuroda, T. Tanaka, T. Miyagawa, T. Kawai, K. Goto, S. Tanaka, S. Matsuda, H. Akiyama. Classification of osteonecrosis of the femoral head: Who should have surgery?. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:451–458. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.810.BJR-2019-0022.R1.
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Initial results of lung cancer genomic screening project for individualized medicine in Asia: LC-SCRUM-Asia. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz437.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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MS12.03 LC-SCRM-Japan, a Pan-Japan Genetic Screening of Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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P.87Carnitine deficiency in patients with neuromuscular diseases on long-term tube feeding. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Clinical utility of precision immunoprofiling and monitoring of the tumour microenvironment using flow cytometry and CyTOF in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with atezolizumab: Results from a phase II study for biomarker analysis (EPOC1702). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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A large scale prospective concordance study of oncogene driver detection between plasma- and tissue-based NGS analysis in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz260.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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