1
|
Gao SH, Wang GZ, Wang LP, Feng L, Zhou YC, Yu XJ, Liang F, Yang FY, Wang Z, Sun BB, Wang D, Liang LJ, Xie DW, Zhao S, Feng HP, Li X, Li KK, Tang TS, Huang YC, Wang SQ, Zhou GB. Corrigendum to "Mutations and clinical significance of calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha 1E (CACNA1E) in non-small cell lung cancer" [Cell Calcium 102 (2022) 102527]. Cell Calcium 2024; 119:102866. [PMID: 38428281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- S H Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - G Z Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - L P Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - L Feng
- Department of Pathology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Y C Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, 650106, China
| | - X J Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - F Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - F Y Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Z Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - B B Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - D Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - L J Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - D W Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - S Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - H P Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - X Li
- Computer Science Department, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, GA, 30597, United States
| | - K K Li
- Computer Science Department, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, GA, 30597, United States
| | - T S Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Y C Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, 650106, China
| | - S Q Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - G B Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tang A, Li KK, Kwok KO, Cao L, Luong S, Tam W. The importance of transparency: Declaring the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in academic writing. J Nurs Scholarsh 2024; 56:314-318. [PMID: 37904646 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
The integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI) into academic research writing has revolutionized the field, offering powerful tools like ChatGPT and Bard to aid researchers in content generation and idea enhancement. We explore the current state of transparency regarding generative AI use in nursing academic research journals, emphasizing the need for explicitly declaring the use of generative AI by authors in the manuscript. Out of 125 nursing studies journals, 37.6% required explicit statements about generative AI use in their authors' guidelines. No significant differences in impact factors or journal categories were found between journals with and without such requirement. A similar evaluation of medicine, general and internal journals showed a lower percentage (14.5%) including the information about generative AI usage. Declaring generative AI tool usage is crucial for maintaining the transparency and credibility in academic writing. Additionally, extending the requirement for AI usage declarations to journal reviewers can enhance the quality of peer review and combat predatory journals in the academic publishing landscape. Our study highlights the need for active participation from nursing researchers in discussions surrounding standardization of generative AI declaration in academic research writing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Tang
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, RMIT University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Kin On Kwok
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
- Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Liujiao Cao
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Stanley Luong
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, RMIT University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Wilson Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Poon TH, Li KK. We Fear So We Judge: A Mediation Analysis on the Relations Among Ageing Anxiety, Ageism, and Ageist Microaggressions. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2024:914150241235089. [PMID: 38403927 DOI: 10.1177/00914150241235089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Ageism remains an obstacle to building an age-friendly environment. Although the rise of ageist microaggressions (i.e., subtle discrimination) threatens older adults from maintaining well-being, the mechanism of ageist microaggressions remains understudied. The present study examined ageist microaggressions using a transactional model. Specifically, we examined whether ageing and death anxieties contribute to self-ageism and influence benevolent and hostile ageism. These ageist beliefs might lead to benevolent and hostile ageist microaggressions, respectively. Cross-sectional data from 214 Hong Kong middle-aged adults (Mage = 50.97) were obtained. The results from a structural equation model revealed that ageing anxiety, but not death anxiety, was a significant predictor of self-ageism, hostile ageism, and hostile ageist microaggressions. A revised model further suggested that benevolent and hostile ageism were predictive of hostile ageist microaggressions. The results highlight the importance of defying the conventional perception of ageing to reduce ageing anxiety, ageism and ageist microaggressions for an age-friendly society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsz-Hin Poon
- City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Leung CLK, Wei WI, Li KK, McNeil EB, Tang A, Wong SYS, Kwok KO. Revisiting Vaccine Hesitancy in Residential Care Homes for the Elderly for Pandemic Preparedness: A Lesson from COVID-19. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1700. [PMID: 38006032 PMCID: PMC10675220 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Residents in residential care homes for the elderly (RCHEs) are at high risk of severe illnesses and mortality, while staff have high exposure to intimate care activities. Addressing vaccine hesitancy is crucial to safeguard vaccine uptake in this vulnerable setting, especially amid a pandemic. In response to this, we conducted a cross-sectional survey to measure the level of vaccine hesitancy and to examine its associated factors among residents and staff in RCHEs in Hong Kong. We recruited residents and staff from 31 RCHEs in July-November 2022. Of 204 residents, 9.8% had a higher level of vaccine hesitancy (scored ≥ 4 out of 7, mean = 2.44). Around 7% of the staff (n = 168) showed higher vaccine hesitancy (mean = 2.45). From multi-level regression analyses, higher social loneliness, higher anxiety, poorer cognitive ability, being vaccinated with fewer doses, and lower institutional vaccination rates predicted residents' vaccine hesitancy. Similarly, higher emotional loneliness, higher anxiety, being vaccinated with fewer doses, and working in larger RCHEs predicted staff's vaccine hesitancy. Although the reliance on self-report data and convenience sampling may hamper the generalizability of the results, this study highlighted the importance of addressing the loneliness of residents and staff in RCHEs to combat vaccine hesitancy. Innovative and technology-aided interventions are needed to build social support and ensure social interactions among the residents and staff, especially amid outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Lap Kwan Leung
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (C.L.K.L.); (W.I.W.); (E.B.M.); (S.Y.S.W.)
| | - Wan In Wei
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (C.L.K.L.); (W.I.W.); (E.B.M.); (S.Y.S.W.)
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Edward B. McNeil
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (C.L.K.L.); (W.I.W.); (E.B.M.); (S.Y.S.W.)
| | - Arthur Tang
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, RMIT University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Samuel Yeung Shan Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (C.L.K.L.); (W.I.W.); (E.B.M.); (S.Y.S.W.)
| | - Kin On Kwok
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (C.L.K.L.); (W.I.W.); (E.B.M.); (S.Y.S.W.)
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Leung J, Li KK. Faith-Based Spiritual Intervention for Persons with Depression: Preliminary Evidence from a Pilot Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2134. [PMID: 37570376 PMCID: PMC10418714 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11152134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common, depleting, and potentially life-threatening disorder. This pilot study examined the feasibility and applicability, reported preliminary evidence for effectiveness, and explored the potential healing mechanisms of a faith-based spiritual intervention for people with depression. The intervention consisted of six weekly sessions focused on restoring a connection with the divine, forgiveness and freedom, suffering and transcendence, hope, gratitude, and relapse prevention. Seven adults with mild or moderate depressive symptoms were recruited. A qualitative evaluation was conducted via focus group discussions, and rating scales were administered at baseline, after the intervention, and at the 3-month follow-up. The mean difference scores of the treatment's effect over time were analyzed using Friedman's ANOVA. The themes identified by the focus group included the meaning of the spiritual intervention, the effect of involvement in a spiritual group, and the therapeutic components. The results indicated a significant decrease in the mean scores for depression (PHQ-9) after intervention and at the 3-month follow-up. Participants expressed their improvement in terms of increased knowledge about depression, enhanced coping mechanisms, and improved self-esteem. The preliminary evidence suggested that the faith-based spiritual intervention was effective in reducing depressive symptoms and also helped participants develop a greater sense of connection with themselves, others, and their environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judy Leung
- School of Nursing & Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kwok KO, Wei WI, Tsoi MTF, Tang A, Chan MWH, Ip M, Li KK, Wong SYS. How can we transform travel medicine by leveraging on AI-powered search engines? J Travel Med 2023; 30:taad058. [PMID: 37098161 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taad058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
A ChatGPT search engine with chatbot function offers travellers pre-, during and post-travel consultations. Users should critically evaluate information provided and assess source reliability. Integrating user feedback and reviews could enhance information quality. With responsible artificial intelligence (AI) development, leveraging travel medicine specialists’ expertise and AI-based search engines can transform travel medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kin On Kwok
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , China
- Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wan In Wei
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Margaret T F Tsoi
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Arthur Tang
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, RMIT University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Michael W H Chan
- Department of Social Science, Hang Seng University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Samuel Y S Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li KK, Leung CLK, Yeung D, Chiu MYL, Chong AML, Lam BCY, Chung EKH, Lo TW. Development and validation of the caregiver needs and resources assessment. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1063440. [PMID: 37008844 PMCID: PMC10064064 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1063440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionExisting caregiver assessment tools were long criticized for focusing on the needs and burden while neglecting the importance of the resources. The current study aimed to develop a multidimensional and time-effective assessment tool that measures both needs and resources of non-paid family caregivers of older adults for screening and service-matching purposes.MethodsItems of the Caregiver Needs and Resources Assessment (CNRA) were developed from extensive literature reviews and focus group interviews of family caregivers and social workers in the field. In addition, we collected 317 valid responses from family caregivers of older adults from local non-government organizations in examining the psychometric properties of the CNRA.ResultsThe results revealed a 12-factor structure that fitted nicely into the conceptual frame of needs and resources domains. Need factors were positively associated with mental health symptoms, while resource factors were positively associated with peace in mind, meaning-making, and personal gain measures. The 36-item CNRA revealed good internal reliability and convergent validity.DiscussionThe CNRA has the potential to be used as a compact yet balanced assessment tool for understanding both the needs and resources of caregivers for human service professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Kin-Kit Li,
| | - Cyrus L. K. Leung
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Cyrus L. K. Leung,
| | - Dannii Yeung
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Marcus Y. L. Chiu
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Bolton, Bolton, United Kingdom
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom
| | - Alice M. L. Chong
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Tseung Kwan O, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Beck C. Y. Lam
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Tseung Kwan O, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Edwin K. H. Chung
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T. Wing Lo
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Tseung Kwan O, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tang A, Li KK, Han S, Kwok KO, Tung N, Tam W. Amplifying research influence through the social network, open access publishing, and international collaboration: A mediation analysis on nursing studies literature. J Nurs Scholarsh 2023; 55:477-483. [PMID: 36222308 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research impact and influence are commonly measured quantitatively by citation count received by research articles. Many institutes also use citation count as one of the factors in faculty performance appraisal and candidate selection of academic positions. Various strategies were recommended to amplify and accelerate research influence, particularly citation counts, by bringing research articles to a wider reach for potential readers. However, no prior empirical study was conducted to examine and valid effects of those strategies on nursing studies. This study examines and verifies the direct effects and mediation effects of some strategies, namely, the use of Twitter, international collaboration, the use of ResearchGate, and open access publishing, for amplifying the citation of research and review articles in nursing studies. DESIGN Cross-sectional study design. METHODS Articles published in top nursing journals in 2016 were identified in PUBMED and the citation metrics for individual articles until 2021 were extracted from Scopus. The primary outcome was the citation count of the article, while the tweet count on Twitter of the article was considered a mediator. The predictors included paper type, the total number of authors, the proportion of authors with a ResearchGate account in the article, funding support, open-accessed article, and the number of different countries stated in the authors' affiliation. A mediation analysis was conducted to examine the predictors' direct and indirect effects (i.e., via tweet count) on the citation count of the article. RESULTS A total of 2210 articles were included in this study, of which 223 (10.1%) were review articles. The median (IQR) number of Scopus citations, tweets, countries, and percentage of authors with ResearchGate accounts were 12 (6-21), 2 (0-6), 1 (1-1), and 75% (50%-100%) respectively. In the mediation analysis, tweet count, article type, number of countries, percentage of authors with a ResearchGate account, and journal impact factors in 2014 were positively associated with the Scopus citation count. The effects of article type, open access, and journals' impact factors in 2014 on Scopus citation count were mediated by the tweet count. CONCLUSION This study provides empirical support for some strategies researchers may employ to amplify the citation count of their research articles. The methodology of our study can be extended to compare research influence between entities (e.g., across countries or institutes). CLINICAL RELEVANCE The citation refers to the research work cited by peers and is one of the indicators for research impact. Higher citations implied the research work is read and used by others, therefore, understanding the associated factors with higher citations is critical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Tang
- College of Computing and Informatics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - SeungHee Han
- College of Computing and Informatics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kin On Kwok
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, China
| | - Neo Tung
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wilson Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liang JB, Yuan HY, Li KK, Wei WI, Wong SYS, Tang A, Riley S, Kwok KO. Path to normality: Assessing the level of social-distancing measures relaxation against antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants in a partially-vaccinated population. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:4052-4059. [PMID: 35935805 PMCID: PMC9338450 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Two years into the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, populations with less built-up immunity continued to devise ways to optimize social distancing measures (SDMs) relaxation levels for outbreaks triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and its variants to resume minimal economics activities while avoiding hospital system collapse. Method An age-stratified compartmental model featuring social mixing patterns was first fitted the incidence data in second wave in Hong Kong. Hypothetical scenario analysis was conducted by varying population mobility and vaccination coverages (VCs) to predict the number of hospital and intensive-care unit admissions in outbreaks initiated by ancestral strain and its variants (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron). Scenarios were "unsustainable" if either of admissions was larger than the maximum of its occupancy. Results At VC of 65%, scenarios of full SDMs relaxation (mean daily social encounters prior to COVID-19 pandemic = 14.1 contacts) for outbreaks triggered by ancestral strain, Alpha and Beta were sustainable. Restricting levels of SDMs was required such that the optimal population mobility had to be reduced to 0.9, 0.65 and 0.37 for Gamma, Delta and Omicron associated outbreaks respectively. VC improvement from 65% to 75% and 95% allowed complete SDMs relaxation in Gamma-, and Delta-driven epidemic respectively. However, this was not supported for Omicron-triggered epidemic. Discussion To seek a path to normality, speedy vaccine and booster distribution to the majority across all age groups is the first step. Gradual or complete SDMs lift could be considered if the hybrid immunity could be achieved due to high vaccination coverage and natural infection rate among vaccinated or the COVID-19 case fatality rate could be reduced similar to that for seasonal influenza to secure hospital system sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bo Liang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special administrative regions, China
| | - Hsiang-Yu Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special administrative regions, China
- Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special administrative regions, China
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special administrative regions, China
| | - Wan-In Wei
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special administrative regions, China
| | - Samuel Yeung Shan Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special administrative regions, China
| | - Arthur Tang
- College of Computing and Informatics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Steven Riley
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, GB, UK
| | - Kin On Kwok
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special administrative regions, China
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cheng ST, Li KK, Or PPL, Losada A. Do caregiver interventions improve outcomes in relatives with dementia and mild cognitive impairment? A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Aging 2022; 37:929-953. [PMID: 35771500 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Some reviews suggest benefits of nonpharmacological interventions for informal caregivers of people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment. These benefits may transfer to the care-recipients (CRs) through increased caregiving capability, reduced burden and depression among caregivers, and decreased negative mood contagion. However, large-scale review on these effects on the CRs is lacking. We searched PsycINFO, CINAHL with Full Text, MEDLINE, and PubMed from inception to end of 2020 and found 142 articles that reported randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of caregiver interventions using CR outcomes. Interventions were found to reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in general and behavioral and mood disturbance specifically, enhance cognition and quality of life, and delay institutionalization and mortality, with care coordination/case management, educational intervention with psychotherapeutic components (psychoeducation-b), and direct training of the CR (with caregiver involvement) being the more potent interventions. The kinds of benefit depend on the types of intervention. NPS was reduced by psychoeducation-b, care coordination/case management, and CR training. Cognition and quality of life were enhanced by CR training and care coordination/case management, respectively. Institutionalization was delayed by multicomponent interventions and respite (based on one study). However, the effects were generally small to very small. Together with existing findings on caregiver outcomes, a tripartite scaffolding model of caregiver support is proposed. The model is composed of three components: (a) care coordination/case management (i.e., enhanced usual care), (b) psychoeducation-b, and (c) CR training. Future directions in terms of developing consensual guidelines, a registry of intervention manuals, and family-centered programs with flexibility in delivery are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Leung CLK, Li KK, Wei VWI, Tang A, Wong SYS, Lee SS, Kwok KO. Profiling vaccine believers and skeptics in nurses: A latent profile analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2022; 126:104142. [PMID: 34923316 PMCID: PMC8676577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A tailored immunization program is deemed more successful in encouraging vaccination. Understanding the profiles of vaccine hesitancy constructs in nurses can help policymakers in devising such programs. Encouraging vaccination in nurses is an important step in building public confidence in the upcoming COVID-19 and influenza vaccination campaigns. OBJECTIVES Using a person-centered approach, this study aimed to reveal the profiles of the 5C psychological constructs of vaccine hesitancy (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility) among Hong Kong nurses. DESIGN Cross-sectional online survey. SETTINGS With the promotion of a professional nursing organization, we invited Hong Kong nurses to complete an online survey between mid-March and late April 2020 during the COVID-19 outbreak. PARTICIPANTS 1,193 eligible nurses (mean age = 40.82, SD = 10.49; with 90.0% being female) were included in the analyses. METHODS In the online survey, we asked the invited nurses to report their demographics, COVID-19-related work demands (including the supply of personal protective equipment, work stress, and attitudes towards workplace infection control policies), the 5C vaccine hesitancy components, seasonal influenza vaccine uptake history, and the COVID-19 vaccine uptake intention. Latent profile analysis was employed to identify distinct vaccine hesitancy antecedent subgroups. RESULTS Results revealed five profiles, including "believers" (31%; high confidence, collective responsibility; low complacency, constraint), "skeptics" (11%; opposite to the believers), "outsiders" (14%; low calculation, collective responsibility), "contradictors" (4%; high in all 5C constructs), and "middlers" (40%; middle in all 5C constructs). Believers were less educated, reported more long-term illnesses, greater work stress, higher perceived personal protective equipment sufficiency, and stronger trust in government than skeptics. They were older and had higher perceived personal protective equipment sufficiency than middlers. Also, believers were older and had greater work stress than outsiders. From the highest to the lowest on vaccination uptake and intention were believers and contradictors, then middlers and outsiders, and finally skeptics. CONCLUSION Different immunization programs can be devised based on the vaccine hesitancy profiles and their predictors. Despite both profiles being low in vaccination uptake and intention, our results distinguished between outsiders and skeptics regarding their different levels of information-seeking engagement. The profile structure reveals the possibilities in devising tailored interventions based on their 5C characteristics. The current data could serve as the reference for the identification of individual profile membership and future profiling studies. Future endeavor is needed to examine the generalizability of the profile structure in other populations and across different study sites. Tweetable abstract: Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy profiles of Hong Kong nurses (believers, sceptics, outsiders, contradictors and middlers) highlight the importance of tailored vaccine campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Lap Kwan Leung
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Vivian Wan In Wei
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Arthur Tang
- College of Computing and Informatics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Samuel Yeung Shan Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Shui Shan Lee
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kin On Kwok
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China; Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yuen JWM, Li KK, Lam TC. Preparation of Hard Tissues Like Bone or Cartilage for Shotgun Mass Spectrometry Analysis of the Proteome. Curr Protoc 2021; 1:e282. [PMID: 34679255 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic analyses of intervertebral discs (IVDs) reveal information for understanding the fundamentals of biological processes and pathogenesis but also provide insights for novel pharmaceutical development. Sensitive mass spectrometry techniques and bioinformatics have advanced the detection and identification of proteins from any sample. Due to the challenges of catastrophic sample-loss artifacts during hard-tissue extraction, however, many researchers have omitted the cartilage endplates of IVDs for protein extraction, analyzing only the cellular components of the annulus fibrosus and/or nucleus pulposus. The full proteomic picture of IVDs is compromised without extracting proteins from intact IVDs. Here, we describe a novel preparation method using snap-freeze grinding, which allows for mechanical disruption and customized chemical lysis of hard tissues such as bone or cartilage. This method replaces the time-consuming and insufficient conventional tissue homogenization methods. Sample loss and contamination could be minimized during proteolysis by using an in-solution protein digestion and desalting procedure. We demonstrate excellent proteome coverage with intact mouse IVDs by analyzing samples in a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W M Yuen
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - K K Li
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Thomas C Lam
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kwok KO, Li KK, Wei WI, Fong Tsoi MT, Tang A, Lam HS, McNeil EB, Shan Wong SY. Likelihood of COVID-19 vaccination among primary school students in Hong Kong. Clin Microbiol Infect 2021; 28:142-144. [PMID: 34619395 PMCID: PMC8489290 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kin On Kwok
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Wan In Wei
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Margaret Ting Fong Tsoi
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Arthur Tang
- Department of Software, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hugh Simon Lam
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Edward B McNeil
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Samuel Yeung Shan Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kwok KO, Li KK, Wei WI, Tang A, Wong SYS, Lee SS. Editor's Choice: Influenza vaccine uptake, COVID-19 vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy among nurses: A survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2021; 114:103854. [PMID: 33326864 PMCID: PMC7831770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthy healthcare system requires healthy healthcare workers. Protecting healthcare workers including nurses against COVID-19 is crucial, and vaccination could be a viable future option. However, vaccine hesitancy remains a global challenge. Nurses, as a trustworthy and creditable source of vaccine-related information, may build public confidence in vaccination. Hence, research on vaccine hesitancy among nurses is warranted. OBJECTIVES This study estimated nurses' influenza vaccination behaviors and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine when available, and examined their corresponding 5C psychological antecedents (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility). To investigate the impact of COVID-19-related work demands, the mediation effects of work stress on the association between work demands and COVID-19 vaccination intention were also examined. DESIGN Cross-sectional online survey SETTINGS: Nurses were invited to participate via the promotion of a professional nursing organization and by personal referrals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong between mid-March and late April 2020. PARTICIPANTS 1,205 eligible nurses (mean age = 40.79, SD = 10.47; 90% being female) were included in the analyses. METHODS Demographics, influenza vaccination, intention to have COVID-19 vaccine, the 5C vaccine hesitancy components, work stress and COVID-19-related work demands (insufficient supply of personal protective equipment, involvement in isolation rooms, and unfavorable attitudes towards workplace infection control policies) were reported in the survey. RESULTS The influenza vaccine uptake rate and the proportion intending to take COVID-19 vaccine were 49% and 63%, respectively. Influenza vaccination was associated with working in public hospitals and all 5C constructs (more confidence, more collective responsibility and less complacency, constraints, and calculation), whereas stronger COVID-19 vaccination intention was associated with younger age, more confidence, less complacency and more collective responsibility. COVID-19-related demands were associated with greater work stress, and hence stronger COVID-19 vaccination intention. CONCLUSION The potential uptake rate of COVID-19 vaccine among nurses was suboptimal to achieve herd immunity. The 5C constructs were useful in predicting influenza vaccination and, to a lesser extent, the intention to take COVID-19 vaccine. The uncertain attributes such as effectiveness, side effects, and effective duration of the COVID-19 vaccine may contribute to this discrepancy. With less work stress among nurses in the post-pandemic period, the intention to take COVID-19 vaccine will likely drop. The 5C constructs should be infused in vaccination campaigns. While a COVID-19 vaccine could be ready soon, the nursing profession may not be ready to accept it. More research work is needed to boost the uptake rate. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Less than two-third of nurses intended to take COVID-19 vaccine when available. While a COVID-19 vaccine could be ready soon, nursing profession is not ready to accept it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kin On Kwok
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Wan In Wei
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Arthur Tang
- Department of Software, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Samuel Yeung Shan Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Shui Shan Lee
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Matching between affect orientations and message frames have been shown to enhance the persuasiveness of health messages. Based on a two-dimensional regulatory model (direction: approach/avoidance, valence: appetitive/aversive), this study examined whether a precise matching between affect and message frame would enhance physical activity (PA) attitudes, intentions, and behaviours. DESIGN Using a 2 (gain/loss frames) x 2 (positive/negative end-states) design, 147 college students were randomly assigned to one message-frame condition (gain-positive, gain-negative, loss-positive, or loss-negative). Four identified affect types (approach-positive, approach-negative, avoidance-positive, and avoidance-negative) were considered as matched, respectively, with the four message-frame conditions. The participants were subsequently grouped into fully-matched, direction-matched only, valence-matched only, or unmatched. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The immediate PA attitude and intention after the experiment and the PA attitudes, intentions, and behaviours at a two-week follow-up were reported. RESULTS Post-manipulation and follow-up intentions were greater in the fully-matched as compared with the unmatched group. Follow-up physical activity was more in the valence-matched than the unmatched group. No other differences were found across the matching types. CONCLUSION Findings partially supported the importance of a precise matching between affect orientations and message frames. The affect types may characterize an individual's sensitivity towards the corresponding regulatory information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Candy H-Y Lee
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
CHAN AK, Li KK, Shi ZF, Ng HK. P14.48 Identification of subsets of IDH-mutant glioblastomas with distinct epigenetic and copynumber alterations and stratified clinical risks. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
IDH-mutant glioblastoma is classified by the 2016 CNS WHO as a group with good prognosis. However, the actual number of cases examined in the literature is relatively small. We hypothesize that IDH-mutant glioblastoma is not a uniform group and should be further stratified.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We conducted methylation profiles and estimated copy number variations in 64 IDH-mutant glioblastomas.
RESULTS
Our results showed that 10.9%, 53.1%, and 35.9% of tumors belonged to Codel, G-CIMPhigh, and G-CIMP-low methylation subgroups, respectively. G-CIMP-low subgroup was associated with significantly worse OS as compared to G-CIMP-high (P=0.005) and Codel groups (P=0.009). CDKN2A deletion (37.5%) was the most common gene copy number variation, and was associated with G-CIMP-low subgroup (P=0.001). Other frequent copy number changes included MET (4.7%), CCND2 (17.2%), PDGFRA (14.1%), CDK4 (12.5%), and EGFR (12.5%) amplification. Both CDKN2A deletion (P=0.008) and MET amplification (P<0.001) were associated with poor OS in IDH-mutant glioblastomas. Combined epigenetic signatures and gene copy number variations separated IDH-mutant glioblastomas into Group 1 (Codel), Group 2 (GCIMP- high), Group 3 (G-CIMP-low without CDKN2A and MET alterations), and Group 4 (G-CIMP-low with CDKN2A/MET alteration). Survival analysis revealed Group 1 had a favorable OS (median survival: 41.3 months), while Groups 2 and 3 exhibited an intermediate OS (median survival: 20.6 and 21.8 months, respectively). Group 4 exhibited the worst OS (median survival: 8.4 months). Multivariable analysis confirmed the independent prognostic significance of our Groups.
CONCLUSION
IDH-mutant glioblastomas should be stratified for risk with combined epigenetic signature and CDKN2A/MET status and some cases have poor outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K CHAN
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - K K Li
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Z F Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hua Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - H K Ng
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kwok KO, Li KK, Lee SS, Chng PHY, Wei VWI, Ismail NH, Mosli N, Koh D, Lai A, Lim JW. Multi-centre study on cultural dimensions and perceived attitudes of nurses towards influenza vaccination uptake. J Hosp Infect 2018; 102:337-342. [PMID: 30500386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study explored how cultural values affected Health Belief Model (HBM) components and the influenza vaccine uptake among nurses across three Asian populations using a survey conducted in 2017 (N = 3971). The vaccination coverages were 33.5% (Brunei), 35.6% (Hong Kong) and 69.5% (Singapore). Three HBM components (perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits and cues to action) were positively associated with vaccination. A direct negative link and an indirect positive link via HBM were observed between collectivism and vaccination, whereas a negative indirect link via HBM between power distance and vaccination was observed. Cultural values, notably collectivism, advanced HBM to study nurses' vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K O Kwok
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - K K Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - S S Lee
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - P H Y Chng
- Nursing Administration (Infection Control), Yishun Community Hospital, Singapore
| | - V W I Wei
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - N H Ismail
- Occupational Health Division, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam
| | - N Mosli
- Occupational Health Division, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam
| | - D Koh
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam; NUS Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Lai
- Occupational Health Division, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam; PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam
| | - J W Lim
- NUS Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Health for Life Center, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital (KTPH), Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cheung SW, Cheng KS, Yip WM, Li KK. Feasibility of short double-balloon enteroscopy-assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with surgically altered gastrointestinal anatomy: experience in a regional centre. Hong Kong Med J 2017; 23:648-50. [PMID: 29226833 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj164987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S W Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | - K S Cheng
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | - W M Yip
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Pok Oi Hospital, Yuen Long, Hong Kong
| | - K K Li
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The interplay between health and social goals in relation to age and future time perspective was examined among 131 older and 131 younger adults via surveys and future time manipulations (limited, unchanged, and expansive). Being older was associated with weaker physical activity intentions and social activity intentions as mediated by a limited future time perspective. Physical activity intentions decreased in the limited condition and increased in the expansive condition, social activity intentions increased in all conditions, and preference toward health (over social) goals decreased in both the limited and expansive conditions. The results suggest that anticipated endings may become salient in all conditions and favor social goals, which are emotionally relevant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Kit Li
- City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li KK, Ng L, Cheng ST, Fung HH. Reverse Message-Framing Effects on Accelerometer-Assessed Physical Activity Among Older Outpatients With Type 2 Diabetes. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2017; 39:222-227. [PMID: 28915067 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2016-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that gain-framed messages are more effective than loss-framed messages in promoting low-risk health behaviors such as physical activity. Because of a heightened health concern and possible medical complications, older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) may consider physical activity to be risky. This study examined whether a reverse message-framing effect would be found among older adults with T2D. The participants included 211 sedentary and older adults with T2D recruited from an outpatient clinic. The participants were randomly assigned to receive either gain-framed or loss-framed messages and wore an accelerometer to monitor their physical activity for 2 weeks. The participants who received loss-framed messages were more physically active than those who received gain-framed messages (β = 0.13, p = .033). This loss-frame advantage might be attributable to the heightened perceived risks among older outpatients with T2D and the temporarily activated prevention-focused orientation in a clinical setting.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The goal was to evaluate the effect of radiofrequency (RF) of the palate on speech, swallowing, taste, sleep, and snoring 12 to 18 months after treatment. METHODS: Twenty-two patients were evaluated by clinical examination, questionnaires, and visual analog scales. The patients with relapse of snoring were offered further RF treatment. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 14 months, no adverse effect was reported. Subjective snoring scores relapsed by 29% overall. Nine patients (41%) noted relapse of snoring from 2.1 ± 1.1 to 5.7 ± 2.7 ( P < 0.001). Eight of the patients underwent further RF treatment with a reduction of snoring from 5.8 ± 2.9 to 3.3 ± 3.1 ( P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: The success of RF volumetric reduction of the palate diminishes with time, as with other surgical procedures of the palate. However, the minimal invasiveness of the RF provided a high patient acceptance for retreatment, and relapse of snoring can be improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Li
- Stanford University Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wong YK, Lui CT, Li KK, Wong CY, Lee MM, Tong WL, Ong KL, Tang SYH. Prediction of en-route complications during interfacility transport by outcome predictive scores in ED. Am J Emerg Med 2016; 34:877-82. [PMID: 26947612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine the accuracy of the outcome predictive scores (Modified Early Warning Score [MEWS]; Hypotension, Low Oxygen Saturation, Low Temperature, Abnormal ECG, Loss of Independence [HOTEL] score; and Simple Clinical Score [SCS]) in predicting en-route complications during interfacility transport (IFT) in emergency department. DESIGN This was a retrospective cohort study. METHODS All IFT cases by ambulances with either nurse-led or physician-led escort, occurring between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2012, were included. Obstetric and pediatric cases (age < 18 years) were excluded. The condition of patients was quantified by using the predictive scores (MEWS, HOTEL, and SCS) at triage station and on ambulance departure. The accuracy of predictive scores was compared by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS A total of 659 cases were included. Seventeen cases had en-route complications (2.6%). The complication rate in physician-escorted transport (2.2%) was similar to that in nurse-escorted transport (2.6%). None of the 57 intubated cases had en-route complications. The area under the ROC curve for MEWS was 0.662 (triage) and 0.479 (departure). The accuracy of MEWS at triage was better than that at departure (P = .049). The area under the ROC curve for HOTEL was 0.613 (triage) and 0.597 (departure), and that for SCS was 0.6 (triage) and 0.568 (departure). In general, the predictive scores at triage were better than those on departure. CONCLUSION None of the scores had good accuracy in prediction of en-route complications during IFT. MEWS at triage was among the best one already but was not ideal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y K Wong
- Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Pok Oi Hospital
| | - C T Lui
- Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital.
| | - K K Li
- Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Pok Oi Hospital
| | - C Y Wong
- Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Pok Oi Hospital
| | - M M Lee
- Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Pok Oi Hospital
| | - W L Tong
- Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Pok Oi Hospital
| | - K L Ong
- Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Pok Oi Hospital
| | - S Y H Tang
- Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kavikondala S, Stewart SM, Ni MY, Chan BHY, Lee PH, Li KK, McDowell I, Johnston JM, Chan SS, Lam TH, Lam WWT, Fielding R, Leung GM. Structure and validity of Family Harmony Scale: An instrument for measuring harmony. Psychol Assess 2015; 28:307-18. [PMID: 26146946 DOI: 10.1037/pas0000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Culture plays a role in mental health, partly by defining the characteristics that are indicative of positive adjustment. In Chinese cultures, positive family relationships are considered central to well-being. The culturally emphasized characteristic of family harmony may be an important factor associated with psychopathology. This article presents the development and psychometric examination of the Family Harmony Scale (FHS), an indigenously developed 24-item instrument tapping family harmony in 17,461 Hong Kong residents from 7,791 households. A higher-order model with 1 second-order factor and 5 first-order factors fit the data well and showed factorial invariance across sex and participants in different family roles. A 5-item short form (FHS-5) was also developed, with 1 item from each first-order factor. The short scale showed, as expected, a single-factor structure with good fit. Both scales demonstrated high internal consistency, acceptable test-retest reliability, and good convergent and discriminant validity. The 24-item FHS was negatively associated with depressive symptoms after accounting for individual risk factors and general family function. Family harmony moderated the relationship between life stress and depressive symptoms such that those individuals who reported low family harmony had stronger associations between life stress and depressive symptoms. This study adds to the literature a systematically developed, multidimensional measure of family harmony, which may be an important psychological protective factor, in a large urban Chinese sample. The FHS-5 minimizes operational and respondent burdens, making it an attractive tool for large-scale epidemiological studies with Chinese populations in urban settings, where over half of China's 1.4 billion people reside.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunita M Stewart
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre at Dallas
| | - Michael Y Ni
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
| | | | - Paul H Lee
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Applied Social Studies, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong
| | - Ian McDowell
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | | | | | - T H Lam
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
| | - Wendy W T Lam
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ward ST, Li KK, Hepburn E, Weston CJ, Curbishley SM, Reynolds GM, Hejmadi RK, Bicknell R, Eksteen B, Ismail T, Rot A, Adams DH. The effects of CCR5 inhibition on regulatory T-cell recruitment to colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 112:319-28. [PMID: 25405854 PMCID: PMC4301825 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T cells (Treg) are enriched in human colorectal cancer (CRC) where they suppress anti-tumour immunity. The chemokine receptor CCR5 has been implicated in the recruitment of Treg from blood into CRC and tumour growth is delayed in CCR5-/- mice, associated with reduced tumour Treg infiltration. METHODS Tissue and blood samples were obtained from patients undergoing resection of CRC. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes were phenotyped for chemokine receptors using flow cytometry. The presence of tissue chemokines was assessed. Standard chemotaxis and suppression assays were performed and the effects of CCR5 blockade were tested in murine tumour models. RESULTS Functional CCR5 was highly expressed by human CRC infiltrating Treg and CCR5(high) Treg were more suppressive than their CCR5(low) Treg counterparts. Human CRC-Treg were more proliferative and activated than other T cells suggesting that local proliferation could provide an alternative explanation for the observed tumour Treg enrichment. Pharmacological inhibition of CCR5 failed to reduce tumour Treg infiltration in murine tumour models although it did result in delayed tumour growth. CONCLUSIONS CCR5 inhibition does not mediate anti-tumour effects as a consequence of inhibiting Treg recruitment. Other mechanisms must be found to explain this effect. This has important implications for anti-CCR5 therapy in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S T Ward
- Centre for Liver Research & NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Unit, Level 5 Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - K K Li
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - E Hepburn
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - C J Weston
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - S M Curbishley
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - G M Reynolds
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - R K Hejmadi
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2WW, UK
| | - R Bicknell
- Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - B Eksteen
- Snyder Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - T Ismail
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2WW, UK
| | - A Rot
- Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - D H Adams
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lui KL, Li KK. Intraductal radiofrequency ablation of tumour ingrowth into an uncovered metal stent used for inoperable cholangiocarcinoma. Hong Kong Med J 2014; 19:539-41. [PMID: 24310661 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj133867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 91-year-old woman diagnosed to have an inoperable cholangiocarcinoma had an uncovered metal stent inserted for palliative drainage. About 1.5 years later, tumour ingrowth into the metal stent caused cholangitis. Intraductal radiofrequency ablation was applied to create local coagulative tumour necrosis and the necrotic tissue was removed via a balloon catheter. A plastic stent was inserted to empirically treat any ensuing potential bile duct injury. The patient was discharged without complication with good palliative drainage. Intraductal radiofrequency ablation is a new technique for the treatment of metal stent occlusion due to tumour ingrowths. This is the first case report of this relatively safe and feasible new technique for the treatment of tumour ingrowth into a metal stent used as palliation for malignant biliary obstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K L Lui
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li KK, Cheng ST, Fung HH. Effects of message framing on self-report and accelerometer-assessed physical activity across age and gender groups. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2014; 36:40-51. [PMID: 24501143 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2012-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study compared message-framing effects on physical activity (PA) across age and gender groups. Participants included 111 younger and 100 older adults (68% were women), randomly assigned to read gain-framed or loss-framed PA messages in promotion pamphlets, and who wore accelerometers for the following 14 days. Using regression analyses controlling for demographic and health factors, we found significant age-by-gender-by-framing interactions predicting self-report (B = -4.39, p = .01) and accelerometer-assessed PA (B = -2.44, p = .02) during the follow-up period. Gain-framed messages were more effective than loss-framed messages in promoting PA behaviors only among older men. We speculated that the age-related positivity effect, as well as the age and gender differences in issue involvement, explained the group differences in framing. In addition, more time availability and higher self-efficacy among older men might have contributed to the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Applied Social Studies, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li KK, Cardinal BJ, Acock AC. Concordance of physical activity trajectories among middle-aged and older married couples: impact of diseases and functional difficulties. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2013; 68:794-806. [PMID: 23873967 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbt068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined spousal concordance of physical activity trajectories among middle-aged and older married couples and the influences of recent diseases and functional difficulties on individuals' trajectories and those of their spouses'. METHOD Participants included 5,074 married couples aged 50 or older in the Health and Retirement Study in 2004-2010. Participants were categorized into 4 physical activity trajectories (i.e., stable active, adopters, relapsers, and stable sedentary) using confirmatory latent class growth analysis. Individuals' trajectory memberships were predicted by their spouses' memberships, together with recent diseases and functional difficulties of both couple members. RESULTS In the main, corresponding husbands' trajectories predicted wives' trajectories and vice versa. More functional difficulties predicted higher likelihoods of unfavorable trajectories among individuals but not of their spouses'. Among wives, more recent diseases predicted slightly more physical activity in subsequent data waves but not trajectory memberships. DISCUSSION Results supported spousal concordance in physical activity trajectories. The negative impact of functional difficulties was considerably contained within individuals. Increases in physical activity after acquiring diseases among wives were small and short lived. More research is needed to understand the underlying processes, which can be used to improve the design of future physical activity interventions directed toward women, men, and couples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Kit Li
- Correspondence should be addressed to Kin-Kit Li, Y7405 Academic 1, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ward ST, Li KK, Trivedi PJ, Hejmadi RK, Suggett N, Iqbal T, Ismail T. Patients newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis receive earlier treatment in surgical clinics. Colorectal Dis 2013; 15:836-41. [PMID: 23691950 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is traditionally the realm of gastroenterologists. However, the symptoms of UC overlap with those of bowel cancer and patients may be initially referred to colorectal surgery clinics. The aims of this study were to define which specialty most frequently diagnoses UC and to determine if there were differences in management between the two specialities. METHOD The demographics, presenting symptoms and clinical management of patients with newly diagnosed UC were determined and compared by speciality clinic of initial referral. Histopathology reports and clinic letters were reviewed to identify patients newly diagnosed with UC at a large university teaching hospital from January 2007 to January 2012. RESULTS Patients were more commonly referred to colorectal surgeons (74 vs 41 patients) than gastroenterologists. Patients referred to gastroenterology were younger (36.0 vs 59.6 years, P < 0.01) but there were no significant differences in gender, presenting symptoms or disease extent. Rigid sigmoidoscopy ± biopsy was more commonly performed in colorectal clinic (93.2 vs 31.7%, P < 0.01). There was a significantly shorter delay in starting disease-specific treatment for those patients referred initially to colorectal surgery (13.8 vs 33.6 days, P = 0.01). Performing rigid sigmoidoscopy in clinic was associated with starting disease-specific treatment at this visit. CONCLUSION Patients with first presentation UC are more commonly seen in colorectal surgery clinics where rigid sigmoidoscopy is more frequently undertaken, allowing earlier commencement of UC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S T Ward
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li KK, Concepcion RY, Lee H, Cardinal BJ, Ebbeck V, Woekel E, Readdy RT. An examination of sex differences in relation to the eating habits and nutrient intakes of university students. J Nutr Educ Behav 2012; 44:246-250. [PMID: 21764641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine sex differences in eating habits and nutrient intakes and explore whether eating habits mediate the effects of sex on nutrient intakes and whether sex moderates the effects of eating habits on nutrient intakes. METHODS Cross-sectional survey of eating habits and food-intake frequency in a convenience sample of college students. RESULTS Male students (n = 172) consumed a higher energy content from fat, a larger amount of fiber, and more fruits and vegetables, and engaged less often in various healthful eating habits (eg, reading food labels, having breakfast) than female students (n = 316). Sex predicted the 3 dietary nutrient intakes partially through eating habits. Interactions between sex and eating habits were nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Results reinforce that university students' nutrient intakes are less than ideal. Women and men may have different needs for nutritional improvement. However, the effects of health promotion concerning eating habits may be similarly effective between the sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Applied Social Studies, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ye S, Yu L, Li KK. A cross-lagged model of self-esteem and life satisfaction: Gender differences among Chinese university students. Personality and Individual Differences 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2011.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
31
|
Law ST, Ma KM, Li KK. The clinical characteristics of lupus related protein-losing enteropathy in Hong Kong Chinese population: 10 years of experience from a regional hospital. Lupus 2012; 21:840-7. [PMID: 22343095 DOI: 10.1177/0961203312438113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to investigate systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) related protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) in the following areas: clinical features, laboratory, endoscopic and imaging characteristics, treatment and outcome. METHOD A retrospective analysis was performed. RESULTS From 2001 to 2010, 48 patients had SLE related PLE and their clinical characteristics were: age 40.8 ± 14.3 years, male-to-female ratio 1:8.6, mean symptom duration 4.3 ± 3.4 weeks, initial presentation and concomitant activity of SLE in 21(43.8%) and 37 (77.1%) patients, <20% patients developed gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, mean serum albumin level 24.4 ± 5 g/L. Thirty (62.5%) patients had diffuse non-erosive erythematous GI mucosa with chronic inflammatory cells in lamina propria. Protein leakage was at the small bowel in 15 (31.3%) patients, terminal ileum/caecum in 16 (33.3%) patients and ascending colon in 11 (22.9%) patients. Thirty (62.5%) patients responded initially well to a combination of prednisolone and azathioprine (AZA) and 33 (68.8%) patients were maintained well by the above therapy. Higher potent induction and maintenance therapy were required in patients with: proteinuria (p < 0.01), history of previous immunosuppressive therapy (p < 0.02) and requirement of higher potent induction therapy (p < 0.01). PLE as initial SLE presentation was associated with better prognosis. Four reversible adverse events were reported: one had AZA-induced pancreatitis, two developed AZA-induced hypoplastic anemia and one developed steroid psychosis. One patient developed shingles in the fourth month and responded to oral acyclovir. No thromboembolic events were reported and one patient died of SLE nephropathy. CONCLUSION There appears to be increasing prevalence of SLE related PLE. A diagnosis can be made using 99m Tc-labeled HSA scintigraphy. PLE generally responds well to immunosuppressive therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S T Law
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Washburn IJ, Acock A, Vuchinich S, Snyder F, Li KK, Ji P, Day J, DuBois D, Flay BR. Effects of a social-emotional and character development program on the trajectory of behaviors associated with social-emotional and character development: findings from three randomized trials. Prev Sci 2011; 12:314-23. [PMID: 21720782 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-011-0230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of a school-based social-emotional and character development program, Positive Action, on the developmental trajectory of social-emotional and character-related behaviors was evaluated using data from three school-based randomized trials in elementary schools. Results come from 1) 4 years of data from students in 20 Hawai'i schools, 2) 3 years of data from students in 14 schools in Chicago and 3) 3 years of data from students in 8 schools in a southeastern state. Random intercept, multilevel, growth-curve analyses showed that students in both control and Positive Action schools exhibited a general decline in the number of positive behaviors associated with social-emotional and character development that were endorsed. However, the Positive Action intervention significantly reduced these declines in all three trials. Taken together, these analyses 1) give insight into the normative trajectory of behaviors associated with social-emotional and character development and 2) provide evidence for the effectiveness of Positive Action in helping children maintain a relatively beneficial developmental trajectory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J Washburn
- Oregon Social Learning Center, 10 Shelton McMurphey Blvd, Eugene, OR 97401, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cheng ST, Li KK, Leung EMF, Chan ACM. Social exchanges and subjective well-being: do sources of positive and negative exchanges matter? J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2011; 66:708-18. [PMID: 21743040 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbr061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To decompose the effects of positive and negative social exchanges on well-being in terms of relationship type (vertically extended family, horizontally extended family, or nonfamily) and subjective closeness (close vs. peripheral). METHODS One thousand and five Chinese older adults rated each network member on positive and negative exchanges, which were aggregated for each relationship type and closeness category. Regression analyses estimated the influences of positive and negative exchanges on well-being, controlling for network size, health, and demographic factors. RESULTS Social exchanges with close and peripheral vertical family members as well as close horizontal family members were associated with well-being, whereas exchanges with nonkin did not contribute independent effects. These results were similar for both positive and negative exchanges. DISCUSSION Well-being is determined not just by social exchanges but also by where they come from. In this regard, the vertical family, the horizontal family, and the nonfamily represent a hierarchy of preference for Chinese older adults, which, to some extent, reflects the influence of familism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheung-Tak Cheng
- Department of Psychological Studies, Hong Kong Institute of Education, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) is an oral bioavailable prodrug of adefovir that possesses potent in vitro activity against hepadnaviruses, retroviruses and herpes viruses. ADV is excreted unchanged in the urine through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion and is known to be nephrotoxic at doses of 60mg daily and above. Thus, the long-term safety of ADV, particularly nephrotoxicity, is a major concern. Our objective is to comment on the nephrotoxcicity of low-dose (10mg daily) ADV through a case report. COMMENT The clinical features of nephrotoxicity because of ADV are described. A case report of acquired Fanconi's syndrome in a chronic hepatitis B patient treated with ADV 10mg daily is used to illustrate several key aspects. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION Adefovir dipivoxil can be nephrotoxic at conventional dosage and therefore, patients treated with long-term ADV should have regular monitoring of renal function, and calcium and phosphate levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S-T Law
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li KK, Washburn I, DuBois DL, Vuchinich S, Ji P, Brechling V, Day J, Beets MW, Acock AC, Berbaum M, Snyder F, Flay BR. Effects of the Positive Action programme on problem behaviours in elementary school students: a matched-pair randomised control trial in Chicago. Psychol Health 2011; 26:187-204. [PMID: 21318929 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2011.531574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of the Positive Action (PA) programme in Chicago Public Schools on problem behaviours among a cohort of elementary school students from grade three through grade five. Using a matched-pair, randomised control design with 14 elementary schools, approximately 510 fifth-graders self-reported lifetime substance use, serious violence-related behaviour, and current bullying and disruptive behaviours. Three-level (i.e. students nested within schools within school pairs) overdispersed Poisson models were used to examine programme effects on the number of items endorsed for each of the four outcomes. Findings indicated that students in the intervention endorsed 31% fewer substance use behaviours (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.69), 37% fewer violence-related behaviours (IRR = 0.63) and 41% fewer bullying behaviours (IRR = 0.59), respectively, compared to students in the control schools. Reduction in reported disruptive behaviours was of a similar magnitude (27%, IRR = 0.73), but was not statistically significant. These results replicate findings of an earlier randomised trial of the PA programme and extend evidence of its effectiveness to youth attending large urban school systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Kit Li
- Department of Applied Social Studies, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Levy SS, Li KK, Cardinal BJ, Maddalozzo GF. Transitional shifts in exercise behavior among women with multiple sclerosis. Disabil Health J 2011; 2:216-23. [PMID: 21122762 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2009.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2008] [Revised: 04/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While physical activity is recommended to reduce symptomology associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) little has been done to explore the potential usefulness of theoretical models of exercise behavior change in individuals with MS. Based on the success of the transtheoretical model of exercise behavior change (TTM) in the general population and early promising results in those with MS, the TTM was tested in a sample of women with MS over a 1-year period, to examine its usefulness and the effect of TTM constructs on MS-related symptoms. METHODS This was a longitudinal study conducted over a 1-year period. Ambulatory women (N=86) with MS completed questionnaires assessing exercise behavior, TTM constructs, MS-related quality of life, pain, and fatigue at baseline and after 1 year. After categorization into transitional shift patterns reflecting naturally occurring exercise behavior change over the year, a series of mixed-design analyses of variance were conducted to examine TTM predictions and the relationship of the transitional shift patterns to MS-related quality of life, pain, and fatigue. RESULTS Significant interactions between transitional shift patterns and time (P < .05) indicated that changes in behavioral and cognitive processes of change and in self-efficacy were consistent with TTM predictions. Significant differences (P < .05) between the transitional shift groups in pain and fatigue in expected directions were also found. CONCLUSIONS Results supported the TTM proposed relationships, indicating the model's potential for motivating individuals with MS to increase their physical activity. Findings also support the notion that physical activity is useful in reducing MS-related symptoms and that lifestyle types of physical activity may be as useful as structured exercise in bringing about these outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan S Levy
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-7251, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ng CH, Lai L, Ng KS, Li KK. Relapse of amoebic infection 10 years after the infection. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:71-73. [PMID: 21282830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A 52-year-old man with schizophrenia, who had a history of amoebic liver abscess treated with combination antimicrobial agents, presented 10 years later with severe rectal bleeding. Diagnosis of amoebic colitis was confirmed by histological examination of endoscopic biopsy. Doctors treating patients with amoebic infection should be aware of the risk of eradication failure. Post-treatment stool testing, preferably by antigen testing or polymerase chain reaction, should be performed after antimicrobial treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H Ng
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ng CH, Chan SW, Lee WK, Lai L, Lok KH, Li KK, Luk SH, Szeto ML. Hepatocarcinogenesis of regenerative and dysplastic nodules in Chinese patients. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:11-19. [PMID: 21282821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the development rate of hepatocellular carcinoma and survival of patients diagnosed to have regenerative, and low-grade and high-grade dysplastic liver nodules. DESIGN Retrospective descriptive study. SETTING Acute public hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS Patients with non-malignant liver nodules confirmed by imaging-guided liver biopsy between January 1997 and December 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Rates of hepatocellular carcinoma development and survival. RESULTS A total of 147 patients with non-malignant liver nodules were followed up over a median duration of 29 months. The initial histological diagnosis included regenerative nodules (n=74), low-grade dysplastic nodules (n=34), and high-grade dysplastic nodules (n=39). The respective cumulative hepatocellular carcinoma development rate during the first, second, third, and fourth year were 3%, 5%, 9% and 12% for simple regenerative nodules, 29%, 35%, 38% and 44% for low-grade dysplastic nodules, and 38%, 41%, 51% and 51% for high-grade dysplastic nodules. The hepatocellular carcinoma development rate was highest in those with high-grade dysplastic nodules. Multivariate analysis showed that histological dysplastic changes were associated with increased alpha-fetoprotein levels and advanced age, which were both independent predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma development. Histological dysplastic changes, male sex, advanced age, prolonged prothrombin time, and ultrasound appearances were independent predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION The presence of dysplastic change in liver nodules increased the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development and death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H Ng
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chan ZCY, Chan TS, Lam YM, Lau LM, Li KK, Tam WH. HPV vaccination in Hong Kong: implications for medical education. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2011; 12:1095-1099. [PMID: 21790258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the experience and attitudes of physicians in clinics, and to facilitate physicians' promotion of HPV vaccination. DATA SOURCES Primary data collected from conducting semi-structural in-depth interviews from May to June 2010 with 12 physicians in one district in Hong Kong to understand their experience of providing HPV vaccines, the difficulties in promoting HPV vaccines, and their attitudes towards HPV vaccination. STUDY DESIGN Physicians identified 4 categories of factors related to their experiences of and attitudes to providing HPV vaccination: (a) background information on HPV vaccination provided by physicians, (b) factors influencing women to receive vaccination, (c) physicians' recommendations to the public on HPV vaccines, and (d) physicians' perspectives on HPV vaccine promotion. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that public knowledge on HPV and cervical cancer is insufficient and the role of government in vaccine promotion is unclear. Promotion strategies such as physicians' recommendation, financial assistance and health education provided by the government will influence HPV vaccination and its promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zenobia C Y Chan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gibbons SL, Ebbeck V, Concepcion RY, Li KK. The impact of an experiential education program on the self-perceptions and perceived social regard of physical education students. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2010; 32:786-804. [PMID: 21282838 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.32.6.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effectiveness of an 8-month Team Building through Physical Challenges (TBPC; Glover & Midura, 1992) program on the self-perceptions and perceived social regard of middle school physical education students (N = 1802). Data were analyzed using multilevel analyses where midpoint and final evaluations were conducted separately. Results revealed that at the midpoint evaluation, students in the experimental and control conditions were not different on any of the subscales assessed. At the end of the program, students in the experimental condition, compared with those in the control condition, showed significantly higher scores on 6 of the 10 subscales assessed and the effect sizes were medium to very large. The findings support the effectiveness of the TBPC program in creating positive psychological outcomes for students in a field-based setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L Gibbons
- School of Physical Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ng KY, Li KF, Lok KH, Lai L, Ng CH, Li KK, Szeto ML. Ten-year review of epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment outcome of achalasia in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2010; 16:362-366. [PMID: 20890000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment outcome of achalasia in Chinese patients. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING Major regional hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS Clinical records of patients with the diagnosis of achalasia from July 1997 to June 2007 were reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-two patients were diagnosed with achalasia during the study period. The mean age at diagnosis was 50 years (standard deviation, 20 years). The female-to-male ratio was 1.3:1. The main presenting symptoms were dysphagia (78%) and vomiting (50%). Nine laparoscopic and two open Heller's operations had been performed and 16 patients had undergone endoscopic dilatations. Four patients had botulinum toxin injection and four were taking calcium channel blocker (nifedipine) medications. Botulinum toxin injection and medical therapy had poor short- and long-term responses. Laparoscopic myotomy and pneumatic dilatation had comparable good short- and long-term responses. CONCLUSION Achalasia affected all age-groups but there was a peak at middle age. Pneumatic dilatation and Heller's myotomy (open or laparoscopic approach) appeared able to maintain longer symptom responses than medical therapy and botulinum toxin injection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Y Ng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Affiliation(s)
- W M Yip
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Snyder F, Flay B, Vuchinich S, Acock A, Washburn I, Beets M, Li KK. Impact of a social-emotional and character development program on school-level indicators of academic achievement, absenteeism, and disciplinary outcomes: A matched-pair, cluster randomized, controlled trial. J Res Educ Eff 2010; 3:26-55. [PMID: 20414477 PMCID: PMC2857737 DOI: 10.1080/19345740903353436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the effects of a comprehensive elementary school-based social-emotional and character education program on school-level achievement, absenteeism, and disciplinary outcomes utilizing a matched-pair, cluster randomized, controlled design. The Positive Action Hawai'i trial included 20 racially/ethnically diverse schools (mean enrollment = 544) and was conducted from the 2002-03 through the 2005-06 academic years. Using school-level archival data, analyses comparing change from baseline (2002) to one-year post trial (2007) revealed that intervention schools scored 9.8% better on the TerraNova (2nd ed.) test for reading and 8.8% on math; 20.7% better in Hawai'i Content and Performance Standards scores for reading and 51.4% better in math; and that intervention schools reported 15.2% lower absenteeism and fewer suspensions (72.6%) and retentions (72.7%). Overall, effect sizes were moderate to large (range 0.5-1.1) for all of the examined outcomes. Sensitivity analyses using permutation models and random-intercept growth curve models substantiated results. The results provide evidence that a comprehensive school-based program, specifically developed to target student behavior and character, can positively influence school-level achievement, attendance, and disciplinary outcomes concurrently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Snyder
- Department of Public Health, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Brian Flay
- Department of Public Health, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Samuel Vuchinich
- Human Development and Family Studies, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Alan Acock
- Human Development and Family Studies, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Isaac Washburn
- Human Development and Family Studies, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Michael Beets
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kin-Kit Li
- Community Medicine & School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cheng ST, Li KK. Combining major life events and recurrent hassles in the assessment of stress in Chinese adolescents: Preliminary evidence. Psychol Assess 2010; 22:532-8. [DOI: 10.1037/a0019579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
45
|
Yip WM, Hung HG, Lok KH, Li KF, Li KK, Szeto ML. Outcome of inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving transarterial chemoembolisation: a real-life retrospective analysis in a Hong Kong regional hospital. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15:339-345. [PMID: 19801690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate survival and prognostic factors in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transarterial chemoembolisation in a real-life clinical practice setting. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING Regional hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS Patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed from January 1998 to December 2003 who received transarterial chemoembolisation. RESULTS A total of 74 patients were identified, and had a median survival of 214 days. The cumulative survival rates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 28%, 12%, and 7%, respectively. By multivariate analysis, superselective cannulation performed in transarterial chemoembolisation (hazard ratio=0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.95; P=0.034), embolisation with gelfoam (0.30; 0.11-0.80; P=0.017), and treatment intervals of more than 45 days (0.33; 0.15-0.72; P=0.006) were independent predictors of good survival. Child-Pugh grade B cirrhosis (hazard ratio=5.62; 95% confidence interval, 2.11-14.97; P=0.001), and high pre-treatment serum alpha-fetoprotein level (2.93; 1.50-5.73; P=0.002) were independent predictors of poor survival. CONCLUSIONS In real-life clinical practice, survival of patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma remains grave despite treatment. Patients with Child-Pugh grade A cirrhosis or with low pretreatment alpha-fetoprotein level are more suitable for this form of treatment. The procedure should be performed with superselective cannulation and embolisation with gelfoam.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Yip
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Negative exchanges in social relationships have traditionally been studied as having negative consequences. This study explored whether they might have positive effects for relationship closeness. The sample included 351 adults, aged between 18 and 91 years, residing in Hong Kong, China. Closeness of social partners to the participants was measured by the Social Convoy Questionnaire, and the levels of negative exchanges and social support from each social partner were assessed. Multilevel analyses revealed that more negative exchanges were associated with a more positive change in closeness over a 2-year period, even after statistically controlling for social support and sociostructural characteristics of the participant and the social partner. Findings extended our knowledge on the positive effects of negative exchanges and their moderating conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helene H Fung
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sino Building, Chung Chi College, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Beets MW, Flay BR, Vuchinich S, Li KK, Acock A, Snyder FJ. Longitudinal patterns of binge drinking among first year college students with a history of tobacco use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2009; 103:1-8. [PMID: 19423242 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Revised: 12/13/2008] [Accepted: 12/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Underage heavy episodic drinking is a major contributor to alcohol-related morbidity/mortality. Reports indicate underage binge drinking among college students is widespread and has remained stable over the past decade. This study describes individual characteristics and calendar-specific events associated with binge drinking episodes over the course of freshman college academic year (2002-2003). METHODS Students (N=827, age 18 years), with a prior history of tobacco use, attending a large Midwest university completed weekly web-based surveys on the number of drinks consumed for each of the past 7 days over the duration of 35 consecutive weeks (avg. number of weeks reported 16.0+/-10.5). RESULTS Average prevalence of binge episodes across the academic year was 17.2+/-14.4%, 23.6+/-8.3%, and 66.3+/-11.2% for weekdays, Thursdays, and weekend days, respectively. Two-level random effects logit survival models for repeated events indicated the prevalence of weekday and Thursday binge drinking was associated with specific university/community events (Local festival odds ratio [OR] 6.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.34-8.36), holidays (New Year's Eve OR 18.48, CI 12.83-26.63), and academic breaks (Spring Break OR 6.45, CI 4.57-9.08). Expected associations of younger age of first heavy drinking, past 12-month drinking, and experiencing negative consequences from heavy drinking were observed. CONCLUSIONS Although individual characteristics were related to engaging in a binge episode, binge episodes were strongly associated with time-specific calendar events. Effective interventions to prevent immediate and long-term health consequences associated with binge drinking should consider environmental and institutional policy-level controls to reduce high levels of binge drinking on college campuses connected with holidays and university/community events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Beets
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Beets MW, Flay BR, Vuchinich S, Snyder FJ, Acock A, Li KK, Burns K, Washburn IJ, Durlak J. Use of a social and character development program to prevent substance use, violent behaviors, and sexual activity among elementary-school students in Hawaii. Am J Public Health 2009; 99:1438-45. [PMID: 19542037 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2008.142919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed the effectiveness of a 5-year trial of a comprehensive school-based program designed to prevent substance use, violent behaviors, and sexual activity among elementary-school students. METHODS We used a matched-pair, cluster-randomized, controlled design, with 10 intervention schools and 10 control schools. Fifth-graders (N = 1714) self-reported on lifetime substance use, violence, and voluntary sexual activity. Teachers of participant students reported on student (N = 1225) substance use and violence. RESULTS Two-level random-effects count models (with students nested within schools) indicated that student-reported substance use (rate ratio [RR] = 0.41; 90% confidence interval [CI] = 0.25, 0.66) and violence (RR = 0.42; 90% CI = 0.24, 0.73) were significantly lower for students attending intervention schools. A 2-level random-effects binary model indicated that sexual activity was lower (odds ratio = 0.24; 90% CI = 0.08, 0.66) for intervention students. Teacher reports substantiated the effects seen for student-reported data. Dose-response analyses indicated that students exposed to the program for at least 3 years had significantly lower rates of all negative behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Risk-related behaviors were substantially reduced for students who participated in the program, providing evidence that a comprehensive school-based program can have a strong beneficial effect on student behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Beets
- Department of Public Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Cardinal BJ, Lee JY, Kim YH, Lee H, Li KK, Si Q. Behavioral, demographic, psychosocial, and sociocultural concomitants of stage of change for physical activity behavior in a mixed-culture sample. Am J Health Promot 2009; 23:274-8. [PMID: 19288849 DOI: 10.4278/ajhp.06051667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine behavioral, demographic, psychosocial, and sociocultural concomitants of the stages of change for physical activity behavior among college students in South Korea (n = 221) and the United States (n = 166). METHODS Measures obtained in this cross-sectional study included age; body mass index; nationality; gender; exercise behavior; processes of change; decisional balance; self-efficacy; stage of change; and predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors. RESULTS The amount of variance explained for stage of change by the transtheoretical model constructs (i.e., decisional balance, processes of change, self-efficacy) ranged from 11% to 29% (all p < .001), whereas the predisposing (2%; p = .052), reinforcing (3%; p = .06), and enabling (5%; p < .001) factors were not as important. In multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis, gender (odds ratio [OR] = 3.3; p < .001), gender by nationality interaction (OR = .27; p < .01), weekly exercise behavior (OR = 1.04; p < .001), and behavioral processes of change (OR = 1.12; p < .001) were each significant concomitants of the stages of change. DISCUSSION In terms of physical activity behavior, South Korean women were more likely than South Korean men to be in the early stages, whereas American men were slightly more likely to be in the early stages than American women when all the concomitants were accounted for. Among the psychosocial stage of change concomitants, only the behavioral processes of change were found to be important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J Cardinal
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li KK, Cardinal BJ, Vuchinich S. Health worry, physical activity participation, and walking difficulty among older adults: a mediation analysis. Res Q Exerc Sport 2009; 80:12-21. [PMID: 19408463 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2009.10599525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of health worry (i.e., cognitive aspect of anxiety resulting from concern for health) on walking difficulty in a nationally representative sample (N = 7,527) of older adults (M age = 76.83 years). The study further tested whether physical activity mediates the effect of health worry on walking difficulty in a 6-year follow-up design. Results of a mediation analysis using structural equation modeling showed that people with a high degree of health worry engaged in less physical activity (beta = -.24, p < .001), and people who participated in less physical activity were more likely to report walking difficulty at the 6-year follow-up (beta = -.22, p < .001). There was a significant indirect effect from health worry to walking difficulty through physical activity (beta = .05, p < .001), controlling for demographic, psychosocial, and health related factors. Results suggested that inducing threat and worry may not be effective for physical activity promotion in the older population. More promising coping and regulation strategies are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Kit Li
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|