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Boerckel W, Aldige C, Roy U, Ciupek A, Donaldson D, Grossman H, Langhorne C, Rosenthal L, Saxton C, Silvestri G, Smith R, Wenger L. P1.02-03 The Role of Lung Cancer Advocacy Organizations in Biomarker Testing. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Wenger L, Radtke C, Göpper J, Wörner M, Hubbuch J. 3D-printed scaffold-supported hydrogels. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201855433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Wenger
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen; Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
| | - C. Radtke
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Institut für Bio- und Lebensmitteltechnik, Teilinstitut IV: Molekulare Aufarbeitung von Bioprodukten; Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Deuschland
| | - J. Göpper
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Institut für Bio- und Lebensmitteltechnik, Teilinstitut IV: Molekulare Aufarbeitung von Bioprodukten; Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Deuschland
| | - M. Wörner
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Institut für Bio- und Lebensmitteltechnik, Teilinstitut IV: Molekulare Aufarbeitung von Bioprodukten; Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Deuschland
| | - J. Hubbuch
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen; Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Institut für Bio- und Lebensmitteltechnik, Teilinstitut IV: Molekulare Aufarbeitung von Bioprodukten; Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Deuschland
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O'Brien K, Campbell C, Havlin L, Wenger L, Shah V. Infant Flow Biphasic Ncpap Versus Infant Flow Ncpap for the Facilitation of Successful Extubation in Infants 1250 Grams: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Paediatr Child Health 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/14.suppl_a.11aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Reuben PM, Wenger L, Cruz M, Cheung HS. Induction of matrix metalloproteinase-8 in human fibroblasts by basic calcium phosphate and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals: effect of phosphocitrate. Connect Tissue Res 2002; 42:1-12. [PMID: 11696984 DOI: 10.3109/03008200109014244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Although matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) was regarded as the exclusive product of the neutrophils, recent studies have shown that it is also expressed in articular chondrocytes, rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Our aim was to determine the expression of MMP-8 in human fibroblasts (HF) by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR). Northern and Western blotting methods and MMP-8 activity assay. We have shown the expression of MMP-8 in HF and its dose-dependent upregulation by basic calcium phosphate (BCP) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals which are markers of severe joint degeneration in osteoarthritis. These effects require new protein synthesis and are reversed by phosphocitrate (PC). The results also show that this fibroblast MMP-8 is distinct from the neutrophil MMP-8 and from the fibroblast MMP-1. These results indicate that MMP-8 may play a significant role in the pathogenic effects of the crystals in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Reuben
- Research Service & GRECC, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine print media coverage of cigars during the period 1987 to 1997. METHODS A content analysis of 790 cigar-focused newspaper and magazine articles was conducted. RESULTS Cigar-focused articles increased substantially over the study period, paralleling increased cigar consumption. Articles focused on cigar business (39%) and events (19%). Only 4% of articles focused on health effects. Sixty-two percent portrayed cigars favorably. The tobacco industry was mentioned in 54% of articles and portrayed positively in 78%. Forty-two percent of the individuals quoted or described in articles were affiliated with the tobacco industry; only 5% were government/public health figures. CONCLUSIONS Print coverage of cigars failed to communicate health risk messages and contributed to positive images of cigars.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wenger
- Institute for Health Policy Studies, School of Medicine, Box 0936, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Sun Y, Cheung JM, Martel-Pelletier J, Pelletier JP, Wenger L, Altman RD, Howell DS, Cheung HS. Wild type and mutant p53 differentially regulate the gene expression of human collagenase-3 (hMMP-13). J Biol Chem 2000; 275:11327-32. [PMID: 10753945 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.15.11327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of secreted or transmembrane proteins that can degrade all the proteins of the extracellular matrix and have been implicated in many abnormal physiological conditions including arthritis and cancer metastasis. Recently we have shown for the first time that the human MMP-1 gene is a p53 target gene subject to repression by wild type p53 (Sun, Y., Sun, Y. I., Wenger, L., Rutter, J. L., Brinckerhoff, C. E., and Cheung, H. S. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 11535-11540). Here, we report that cotransfection of fibroblast-like synoviocytes with p53 expression and hMMP13CAT reporter plasmids revealed that (i) hMMP13, another member of the human MMP family, was down-regulated by wild type p53, whereas all six of the p53 mutants tested lost the wild type p53 repressor activity in fibroblast-like synoviocytes; (ii) this repression of hMMP-13 gene expression by wild type p53 could be reversed by overexpression of p53 mutants p53-143A, p53-248W, p53-273H, and p53-281G; (iii) the dominant effect of p53 mutants over wild type p53 appears to be a promoter- and mutant-specific effect. An intriguing finding was that p53 mutant p53-281G could conversely stimulate the promoter activity of hMMP13 up to 2-4-fold and that it was dominant over wild type p53. Northern analysis confirmed these findings. Although the significance of these findings is currently unknown, they suggest that in addition to the effect of cytokines activation, the gene expression of hMMP13 could be dysregulated during the disease progression of rheumatoid arthritis (or cancer) associated with p53 inactivation. Since hMMP13 is 5-10 times as active as hMMP1 in its ability to digest type II collagen, the dysregulation or up-modulation of MMP13 gene expression due to the inactivation of p53 may contribute to the joint degeneration in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA
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Sun Y, Sun Y, Wenger L, Rutter JL, Brinckerhoff CE, Cheung HS. Human metalloproteinase-1 (collagenase-1) is a tumor suppressor protein p53 target gene. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1999; 878:638-41. [PMID: 10415795 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07749.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida, USA
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Sun Y, Sun Y, Wenger L, Rutter JL, Brinckerhoff CE, Cheung HS. p53 down-regulates human matrix metalloproteinase-1 (Collagenase-1) gene expression. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:11535-40. [PMID: 10206959 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.17.11535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that the p53 tumor suppressor protein is overexpressed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium and that somatic mutations previously identified in human tumors are present in RA synovium (Firestein, G. S., Echeverri, F., Yeo, M., Zvaifler, N. J., and Green, D. R. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 94, 10895-10900; Firestein, G. S., Nguyen, K., Aupperle, K. R., Yeo, M., Boyle, D. L., and Zvaifler, N. J. (1996) Am. J. Pathol. 149, 2143-2151; Reme, T., Travaglio, A., Gueydon, E., Adla, L., Jorgensen, C., and Sany, J. (1998) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 111, 353-3581). We hypothesize that the abnormality of p53 seen in RA synovium may contribute to joint degeneration through the regulation of human matrix metalloproteinase-1 (hMMP-1, collagenase-1) gene expression. Transcription assays were performed with luciferase reporters driven by the promoter of the hMMP-1 gene or by a minimal promoter containing tandem repeats of the consensus binding sequence for activator protein-1, cotransfected with p53-expressing plasmids. The results revealed that (i) wild-type (wt) p53 down-regulated the promoter activity of hMMP-1 in a dose-dependent fashion; (ii) four of six p53 mutants (commonly found in human cancers) lost this repression activity; and (iii) this p53 repression activity was mediated at least in part by the activator protein-1 sites found in the hMMP-1 promoter. These findings were further confirmed by Northern analysis. The down-regulation of hMMP-1 gene expression by endogenous wt-p53 was shown by treatment of U2-OS cells, a wt-p53-containing osteogenic sarcoma line, and Saos-2 cells, a p53-negative osteogenic sarcoma line, with etoposide, a potent inducer of p53 expression. p53, activated by etoposide, appears to block hMMP-1 promoter activity induced by etoposide in U2-OS cells. In summary, we have shown for the first time that the hMMP-1 gene is a p53 target gene, subject to p53 repression. Because MMP-1 is principally responsible for the irreversible destruction of collagen in articular tissue in RA, abnormality of p53 may contribute to joint degeneration through the regulation of MMP-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida 33101, USA
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Massé PG, Carrino DA, Morris N, Wenger L, Mahuren JD, Howell DS. Loss of decorin from the surface zone of articular cartilage in a chick model of osteoarthritis. Acta Histochem 1997; 99:431-44. [PMID: 9429602 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-1281(97)80035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to immunolocalize decorin and to assess changes as a result of pyridoxine (PN) deficiency in chick articular cartilage from femoral condyles. After maintenance on a normal diet for the first two weeks after hatching, 15 broiler chickens were deprived of this vitamin for 6 weeks. It was previously shown that the ankle joints of PN-deficient animals are swollen with effusions. They also present an abnormal gait, enlarged bony margins, and fissuring of the articular cartilages. Milder changes (no fissures) were also shown in the knee joints. Data from a previous study were suggestive that sulfated glycosaminoglycans are lost from the knee cartilage surface into synovial fluid. The current study was focused on the small proteoglycan, decorin, which coats the surface of collagen fibrils and may regulate their morphology. To examine decorin in normal and PN-deficient articular cartilage, a monoclonal antibody to an epitope on the protein core of decorin was used for immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections and for Western Blot analysis of cartilage extracts. Reduction of staining with the antibody was demonstrated in the tangential surface zone of PN-deficient cartilage, and Western Blot analysis showed reduced intensity of decorin bands compared to normal controls. These data suggest that a lack of decorin may play a role in the enlargement of collagen bundles in the tangential zone of PN-deficient articular cartilage as observed in a previous electron microscopic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Massé
- Ecole de Nutrition et Etudes Familiales, Université de Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
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Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been implicated as a paracrine regulator of organogenesis and repair in many tissues. Here we have studied the expression and actions of HGF in intact rachitic rat growth plate and derived cultures of proliferative zone chondrocytes. In vivo and in vitro chondrocytes express HGF mRNA; 1,25(OH)2 has a three-fold maximal stimulatory effect, which can be blocked by H-7, an inhibitor of protein kinase C. Although HGF elaboration and action generally follow a paracrine model, chondrocytes appear capable of both expressing and responding to HGF. mRNA encoding the HGF receptor (c-met) was detected in both growth cartilage and derived chondrocyte cultures. HGF addition to chondrocyte cultures increased collagen II mRNA and alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity to degrees comparable to that observed for active vitamin D metabolites. Combining HGF and 1,25-D evoked a synergistic response (ninefold) of alkaline phosphatase activity. To assess whether a similar stimulatory effect might be seen with bioactive peptides and HGF, we investigated the effect of HGF pretreatment on acute responses of chondrocytes to synthetic human calcitonin, an anabolic chondrocyte regulator whose skeletal action are mediated principally by cAMP elevation and subsequent protein kinase A activation. CT's maximal activation of protein kinase A was increased by prior HGF treatment from 56% to 78%. In concert, our findings indicate that in addition to HGF's classical paracrine role during skeletal growth, this growth factor may modulate hormonal sensitivity of the chondrocyte during proliferation, differentiation, and/or apoptosis.
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Lutz RJ, Trujillo MA, Denham KS, Wenger L, Sinensky M. Nucleoplasmic localization of prelamin A: implications for prenylation-dependent lamin A assembly into the nuclear lamina. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992; 89:3000-4. [PMID: 1557405 PMCID: PMC48791 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.7.3000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of the nuclear lamina protein lamin A requires the prenylation-dependent processing of its precursor protein, prelamin A. Unlike p21ras, which undergoes similar initial posttranslational modifications, maturation of lamin A results in the proteolytic removal of the prenylated portion of the molecule. We have used an in vitro prenylation system to demonstrate the nature of the prenyl substituent on prelamin A to be a farnesyl group. Further, the in vitro farnesylation of prelamin A requires an intact cysteine-aliphatic-aliphatic-other (CAAX) amino acid sequence motif at its carboxyl terminus. The effect of blocking the prenylation of prelamin A on its localization and assembly into the nuclear lamina was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence. Expression of wild-type prelamin A in lovastatin-treated cells showed that nonprenylated prelamin A accumulated as nucleoplasmic particles. Upon addition of mevalonate to lovastatin-treated cells, the wild-type lamin A was incorporated into the lamina within 3 hr. Expression of a mutant lamin A in which the carboxyl-terminal 21 amino acids were deleted resulted in a lamin molecule that was directly assembled into the lamina. These results indicate that the carboxyl-terminal peptide of prelamin A blocks its proper assembly into the nuclear lamina and that the prenylation-initiated removal of this peptide can occur in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Lutz
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute for Cancer Research, Denver, CO 80206
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Panini SR, Lutz RJ, Wenger L, Miyake J, Leonard S, Andalibi A, Lusis AJ, Sinensky M. Defective elongation of fatty acids in a recessive 25-hydroxycholesterol-resistant mutant cell line. J Biol Chem 1990; 265:14118-26. [PMID: 2117604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chinese hamster ovary recessive mutant, crB, has been selected for its resistance to the cytotoxic effects of 25-hydroxycholesterol in sterol-free media (Sinensky, M., Logel, J., and Torget, R. (1982) J. Cell. Physiol. 113, 314-319). Growth of crB in a chemically defined lipid-poor medium is very slow and is enhanced by a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Incorporation of [3H]acetate into total fatty acids is 4-fold lower in crB compared to that in parental Chinese hamster ovary K1 and in contrast to the wild-type cells, crB cells are unable to synthesize either stearate or oleate. In addition, crB cells can not elongate exogenous palmitate, while they are capable of desaturating exogenous stearate. The mutant cells are also pleiotropically defective in the regulation of mRNA levels for the enzymes of cholesterol biosynthesis. 25-Hydroxycholesterol is a poor regulator of the synthesis and degradation of the rate-limiting enzyme, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase in crB in comparison to the wild-type Chinese hamster ovary K1 cells. The defect in the elongation of fatty acids is reversed in revertants of crB selected for their ability to grow in lipid-poor medium. Such revertants exhibit normal regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity by 25-hydroxycholesterol. Regulation of reductase activity in crB cells can also be restored by supplementing the culture medium with a mixture of fatty acids that restores normal growth rate. The defective regulation of reductase in crB does not appear to be due to nonspecific adverse effects of fatty acid starvation nor is it due to any gross change in the fatty acid composition of cellular phospholipids. These results strongly suggest a direct relationship between the fatty acid auxotrophy of crB and defective regulation of the enzymes of cholesterol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Panini
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute for Cancer Research, Denver, Colorado 80206
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Panini S, Lutz R, Wenger L, Miyake J, Leonard S, Andalibi A, Lusis A, Sinensky M. Defective elongation of fatty acids in a recessive 25-hydroxycholesterol-resistant mutant cell line. J Biol Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)77276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
The reverse transformation reaction of Chinese hamster ovary cells from compact, epithelial-like, randomly growing, heavily knobbed, lectin reactive cells into stretched, tighly adherent, smooth-surfaced, lectin resistant, fibroblast-like cells normally elicited by dibutyryl cAMP can be produced to its complete extent by N6-monobutyryl cAMP or 8-bromo-cAMP, O2'-monobutyryl cAMP is ineffective as is cAMP itself in the absence of an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase activity. In the presence of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, cAMP is fully effective. These results indicate that the role of the butyryl groups of dibutyryl cAMP and, especially, the N6-butyryl, in the reverse transformation reaction is protection of the cAMP analogue from degradation. Butyrate at concentrations of about 1 mM does produce a response which to some extent mimics that of cAMP analogues. The cells, however, fail to assume a fibroblastic-like shape, but rather become flattened. The butyrate effect is much slower and less readily reversible than that evoked by cAMP analogues. Butyrate produces an approximately 2-fold increase in intracellular cAMP levels. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that butyrate effects, in part, are mediated by AMP.
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Meikle S, Wenger L, Gerritse R. Objectifying the single case study. Can Psychiatr Assoc J 1974; 19:495-500. [PMID: 4418565 DOI: 10.1177/070674377401900508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The group comparison type of investigation and the traditional case study are both criticized as being of limited value to the clinician faced with an individual patient. A plea is made for a compromise in which individually tailored assessment devices are designed for particular cases and are then subjected to statistical procedures analysing the results. In this way the requirements of relevance and objectivity may both be satisfied. The approach is illustrated by means of a single case study of depression and the results and implications are discussed.
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Cottrell JC, Lingeman R, Wenger L, Buejno B. Automated hemoglobinometry utilizing the Robot Chemist. Tech Bull Regist Med Technol 1969; 39:99-102. [PMID: 5771003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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