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Poukka E, van Roekel C, Turunen T, Baum U, Kramer R, Begier E, Presser L, Teirlinck A, Heikkinen T, Knol M, Nohynek H. Effectiveness of Vaccines and Monoclonal Antibodies Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Generic Protocol for Register-Based Cohort Study. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:S84-S91. [PMID: 37930815 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several immunization products are currently being developed against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) for children, pregnant females, and older adults, and some products have already received authorization. Therefore, studies to monitor the effectiveness of these products are needed in the following years. To assist researchers to conduct postmarketing studies, we developed a generic protocol for register-based cohort studies to evaluate immunization product effectiveness against RSV-specific and nonspecific outcomes. To conduct a study on the basis of this generic protocol, the researchers can use any relevant databases or healthcare registers that are available at the study site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eero Poukka
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caren van Roekel
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Topi Turunen
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
| | - Ulrike Baum
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
| | | | | | - Lance Presser
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Teirlinck
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Terho Heikkinen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Mirjam Knol
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hanna Nohynek
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
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van Roekel C, Poukka E, Turunen T, Nohynek H, Presser L, Meijer A, Heikkinen T, Kramer R, Begier E, Teirlinck AC, Knol MJ. Effectiveness of Immunization Products Against Medically Attended Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Generic Protocol for a Test-Negative Case-Control Study. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:S92-S99. [PMID: 37935046 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitoring the real-life effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) products is of major public health importance. This generic protocol for a test-negative design study aims to address currently envisioned approaches for RSV prevention (monoclonal antibodies and vaccines) to study effectiveness of these products among target groups: children, older adults, and pregnant women. The generic protocol approach was chosen to allow for flexibility in adapting the protocol to a specific setting. This protocol includes severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and acute respiratory infection (ARI), both due to RSV, as end points. These end points can be applied to studies in hospitals, primarily targeting patients with more severe disease, but also to studies in general practitioner clinics targeting ARI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren van Roekel
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Eero Poukka
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Topi Turunen
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Nohynek
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lance Presser
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Adam Meijer
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Terho Heikkinen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - Anne C Teirlinck
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam J Knol
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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Teirlinck AC, Johannesen CK, Broberg EK, Penttinen P, Campbell H, Nair H, Reeves RM, Bøås H, Brytting M, Cai W, Carnahan A, Casalegno JS, Danis K, De Gascun C, Ellis J, Emborg HD, Gijon M, Guiomar R, Hirve SS, Jiřincová H, Nohynek H, Oliva JA, Osei-Yeboah R, Paget J, Pakarna G, Pebody R, Presser L, Rapp M, Reiche J, Rodrigues AP, Seppälä E, Socan M, Szymanski K, Trebbien R, Večeřová J, van der Werf S, Zambon M, Meijer A, Fischer TK. New perspectives on respiratory syncytial virus surveillance at the national level: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:2201569. [PMID: 37012081 PMCID: PMC10069872 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01569-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the resulting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to the reconsideration of surveillance strategies for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and other respiratory viruses. The COVID-19 pandemic and the non-pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19 had a substantial impact on RSV transmission in many countries, with close to no transmission detected during parts of the usual season of 2020–2021. Subsequent relaxation of social restrictions has resulted in unusual out-of-season resurgences of RSV in several countries, causing a higher healthcare burden and often a higher proportion of hospitalisations than usual among children older than 1 year in age [1]. In case of an emerging infectious disease with pandemic potential, preparedness to scale up surveillance for the emerging disease while continuing the maintenance of surveillance activities of pre-existing seasonal diseases is necessary. Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic and considering the effects of this pandemic, we provide recommendations that can guide towards sustainable RSV surveillance with the potential to be integrated into the broader perspective of respiratory surveillance. https://bit.ly/40TsO0G
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne C Teirlinck
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline K Johannesen
- Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Nordsjaellands Hospital, and University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eeva K Broberg
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pasi Penttinen
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Harish Nair
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Håkon Bøås
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mia Brytting
- Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wei Cai
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jean-Sebastien Casalegno
- Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires dont la grippe, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Kostas Danis
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Raquel Guiomar
- National Institute of Health Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Hanna Nohynek
- Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jesus Angel Oliva
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - John Paget
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (Nivel), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Richard Pebody
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lance Presser
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Rapp
- Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Maja Socan
- National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Karol Szymanski
- National Institute of Public Health NIH National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Adam Meijer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Thea K Fischer
- Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Nordsjaellands Hospital, and University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ndjomou J, Shearrer S, Karlstrand B, Asbun C, Coble J, Alam JS, Mar MP, Presser L, Poynter S, Michelotti JM, Wauquier N, Ross C, Altmann S. Sustainable Laboratory Capacity Building After the 2014 Ebola Outbreak in the Republic of Guinea. Front Public Health 2021; 9:659504. [PMID: 34178918 PMCID: PMC8220810 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.659504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The 2014–2016 West Africa Ebola virus disease outbreak heavily impacted the Republics of Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. The outbreak uncovered the weaknesses of the public health systems, including inadequately trained and insufficient health personnel as well as limited and poorly equipped health infrastructures. These weaknesses represent significant threats to global health security. In the wake of the outbreak, affected countries made urgent requests for international engagement to help strengthening the public health systems. Methods: This work describes the successful multi-year implementation of a laboratory capacity building program in the Republic of Guinea. The program integrated biorisk and quality management systems training, infectious diseases diagnostic training, facility engineering and maintenance training, and mentorship to strengthen Guinea's bio-surveillance capacity. Results: The major outcome of these efforts was an established and local staff-operated public health laboratory that performs disease surveillance and reporting and diagnostic of priority diseases and pathogens of security concerns. Conclusions: This work has improved the Guinea country's capabilities to address country public health issues and preparedness to respond to future infectious disease threats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mar P Mar
- MRIGlobal, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Casey Ross
- MRIGlobal, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
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Erickson BR, Sealy TK, Flietstra T, Morgan L, Kargbo B, Matt-Lebby VE, Gibbons A, Chakrabarti AK, Graziano J, Presser L, Flint M, Bird BH, Brown S, Klena JD, Blau DM, Brault AC, Belser JA, Salzer JS, Schuh AJ, Lo M, Zivcec M, Priestley RA, Pyle M, Goodman C, Bearden S, Amman BR, Basile A, Bergeron É, Bowen MD, Dodd KA, Freeman MM, McMullan LK, Paddock CD, Russell BJ, Sanchez AJ, Towner JS, Wang D, Zemtsova GE, Stoddard RA, Turnsek M, Guerrero LW, Emery SL, Stovall J, Kainulainen MH, Perniciaro JL, Mijatovic-Rustempasic S, Shakirova G, Winter J, Sexton C, Liu F, Slater K, Anderson R, Andersen L, Chiang CF, Tzeng WP, Crowe SJ, Maenner MJ, Spiropoulou CF, Nichol ST, Ströher U. Ebola Virus Disease Diagnostics, Sierra Leone: Analysis of Real-time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction Values for Clinical Blood and Oral Swab Specimens. J Infect Dis 2016; 214:S258-S262. [PMID: 27587631 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the Ebola virus outbreak of 2013-2016, the Viral Special Pathogens Branch field laboratory in Sierra Leone tested approximately 26 000 specimens between August 2014 and October 2015. Analysis of the B2M endogenous control Ct values showed its utility in monitoring specimen quality, comparing results with different specimen types, and interpretation of results. For live patients, blood is the most sensitive specimen type and oral swabs have little diagnostic utility. However, swabs are highly sensitive for diagnostic testing of corpses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Brima Kargbo
- Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John D Klena
- Division of Global Health Protection, CDC, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Scott Bearden
- Bacterial Diseases Branch, CDC, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | | | | | | | | | - Kimberly A Dodd
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Wang
- Influenza Division, Immunology and Pathogenesis Branch
| | | | | | | | | | - Shannon L Emery
- Influenza Division, Virology, Surveillance, and Diagnosis Branch
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jörn Winter
- Influenza Division, Virology, Surveillance, and Diagnosis Branch
| | | | - Feng Liu
- Influenza Division, Immunology and Pathogenesis Branch
| | | | | | | | | | - Wen-Pin Tzeng
- Influenza Division, Immunology and Pathogenesis Branch
| | | | - Matthew J Maenner
- Developmental Disabilities Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia
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Smith SS, Ritger K, Samala U, Black SR, Okodua M, Miller L, Kozak-Muiznieks NA, Hicks LA, Steinheimer C, Ewaidah S, Presser L, Siston AM. Legionellosis Outbreak Associated With a Hotel Fountain. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015; 2:ofv164. [PMID: 26716104 PMCID: PMC4692259 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofv164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. In August 2012, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) was notified of acute respiratory illness, including 1 fatality, among a group of meeting attendees who stayed at a Chicago hotel during July 30–August 3, 2012. Suspecting Legionnaires' disease (LD), CDPH advised the hotel to close their swimming pool, spa, and decorative lobby fountain and began an investigation. Methods. Case finding included notification of individuals potentially exposed during July 16–August 15, 2012. Individuals were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire. An environmental assessment was performed. Results. One hundred fourteen cases were identified: 11 confirmed LD, 29 suspect LD, and 74 Pontiac fever cases. Illness onsets occurred July 21–August 22, 2012. Median age was 48 years (range, 22–82 years), 64% were male, 59% sought medical care (15 hospitalizations), and 3 died. Relative risks for hotel exposures revealed that persons who spent time near the decorative fountain or bar, both located in the lobby were respectively 2.13 (95%, 1.64–2.77) and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.09–1.44) times more likely to become ill than those who did not. Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 was isolated from samples collected from the fountain, spa, and women's locker room fixtures. Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 environmental isolates and a clinical isolate had matching sequence-based types. Hotel maintenance records lacked a record of regular cleaning and disinfection of the fountain. Conclusions. Environmental testing identified Legionella in the hotel's potable water system. Epidemiologic and laboratory data indicated the decorative fountain as the source. Poor fountain maintenance likely created favorable conditions for Legionella overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Usha Samala
- Chicago Department of Public Health, Illinois
| | | | | | | | | | - Lauri A Hicks
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Burdette D, Haskett A, Presser L, McRae S, Iqbal J, Waris G. Hepatitis C virus activates interleukin-1β via caspase-1-inflammasome complex. J Gen Virol 2011; 93:235-246. [PMID: 21994322 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.034033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of HCV, but the sensors and underlying mechanisms that facilitate HCV-induced IL-1β proteolytic activation and secretion remains unclear. In this study, we have identified a signalling pathway leading to IL-1β activation and secretion in response to HCV infection. Previous studies have shown the induction and secretion of IL-1β through the inflammasome complex in macrophages/monocytes. Here, we report for the first time the induction and assembly of the NALP3-inflammasome complex in human hepatoma cells infected with HCV (JFH-1). We demonstrate that activation of IL-1β in HCV-infected cells involves the proteolytic processing of pro-caspase-1 into mature caspase-1 in a multiprotein inflammasome complex. Next, we demonstrate that HCV is sensed by NALP3 protein, which recruits the adaptor protein ASC for the assembly of the inflammasome complex. Using a small interfering RNA approach, we further show that components of the inflammasome complex are involved in the activation of IL-1β in HCV-infected cells. Our study also demonstrates the role of reactive oxygen species in HCV-induced IL-1β secretion. Collectively, these observations provide an insight into the mechanism of IL-1β processing and secretion, which is likely to provide novel strategies for targeting the viral or cellular determinants to arrest the progression of liver disease associated with chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Burdette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Adam Haskett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Lance Presser
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Steven McRae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Jawed Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Gulam Waris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
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