1
|
Tsui D, Polito L, Madhavan S, Adler L, Ogale S, Camidge D. 1650P Adoption and early clinical outcomes of atezolizumab (atezo) + carboplatin and etoposide (CE) in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) in the real-world (RW) setting. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
2
|
Hajak G, Clarenbach P, Fischer W, Haase W, Bandelow B, Adler L, Rüther E. Effects of hypnotics on sleep quality and daytime well-being. Data from a comparative multicentre study in outpatients with insomnia. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 10 Suppl 3:173s-9s. [DOI: 10.1016/0924-9338(96)80100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SummaryThe effect of treatment (28 days) with zopiclone, triazolam, flunitrazepam and placebo on sleep quality and daytime well-being was proven in a randomised, double-blind, parallel group, multicentre study in private practice. Results of an exploratory statistic of treatment efficacy in a subgroup of 1,291 patients suffering from insomnia are presented. Patients met the following criteria: insomnia lasting at least four weeks and the presence of at least two of the following: 1) sleep latency ≥ 45 minutes, 2) total sleep time ≤ 6 hours, and 3) nocturnal awakening ≥3 times. Treatment efficacy was assessed according to the following factors: either a shortening of sleep latency by at least 15 minutes, or prolongation of total sleep time by at least 20%, or reduction of the number of nocturnal awakenings to three or less and a refreshed feeling in the morning as well as no impairment in daytime well-being due to tiredness or anxiety. The total response rate was markedly higher with zopiclone (42.3%; p = 0.0003) than with placebo (29.0%). Triazolam (36.6%; p = 0.0905) and flunitrazepam (33.1%; p = 0.3401) were also more effective than the placebo, but they both tended to have a lower response rate than with zopiclone (p = 0.1199 and 0.0151, respectively). Total response was found to be essentially a reflection of the response of the socially important parameter of daytime well-being. These results suggest that zopiclone is more effective in the treatment of insomnia than either triazolam or flunitrazepam. Since the response of daytime well-being to therapy was generally poor, this parameter embodies the next main therapeutic challenge in the treatment of patients with insomnia.
Collapse
|
3
|
Griffey R, Schneider R, Todorov A, Yaeger L, Aaronson E, Sharp B, Vrablik M, Manley H, Nelson A, Sammer C, Adler L. 55 Development of a Novel Taxonomy for Adverse Events in the Emergency Department: Critical Review and Testing. Ann Emerg Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
4
|
Adler L, Wu J, Madhoo M, Caballero B. Post HOC Analyses of the Efficacy of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in Adults Previously Treated with Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder Medication. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
5
|
Adler L, Raychaudhuri A, Dirks B. EPA-0682 – Investigator-rated symptomatological outcomes in a phase 4 study of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and impaired executive function. Eur Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(14)78049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
6
|
Adler L. Treatment of Cervical Cancer. Acta Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/028418514702800507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
7
|
|
8
|
Forsmark A, Rossi G, Wadskog I, Brennwald P, Warringer J, Adler L. Quantitative proteomics of yeast post-Golgi vesicles reveals a discriminating role for Sro7p in protein secretion. Traffic 2011; 12:740-53. [PMID: 21477180 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01186.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We here report the first comparative proteomics of purified yeast post-Golgi vesicles (PGVs). Vesicle samples isolated from PGV-accumulating sec6-4 mutants were treated with isobaric tags (iTRAQ) for subsequent quantitative tandem mass spectrometric analysis of protein content. After background subtraction, a total of 66 vesicle-associated proteins were identified, including known or assumed vesicle residents as well as a fraction not previously known to be PGV associated. Vesicles isolated from cells lacking the polarity protein Sro7p contained essentially the same catalogue of proteins but showed a reduced content of a subset of cargo proteins, in agreement with a previously shown selective role for Sro7p in cargo sorting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Forsmark
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Microbiology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Worthington-kirsch L, Walker WJ, Adler L, Hutchins FL. Anatomic variation in the uterine arteries: A cause of failure of uterine artery embolisation for the management of symptomatic myornata. MINIM INVASIV THER 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/13645709909152912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
10
|
|
11
|
Wilke C, Röttger H, Adler L. Vortäuschung eines akuten zentralen Schwindelsyndroms mit internuklärer Ophthalmoplegie durch Überlagerung eines Duane-Syndroms mit einer Neuritis vestibularis. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
12
|
Rezaie-Majd A, Hellemann K, Khorsand A, Adler L, Zuber J, Szekeres T, Aloy A. Prognostic value of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide in patients at high risk of systemic inflammatory response syndrome/sepsis. Crit Care 2008. [PMCID: PMC4088811 DOI: 10.1186/cc6661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
13
|
Rezaie-Majd A, Gauss N, Adler L, Leitgeb U, Kraincuk P, Cokoja L, Aloy A. From low-tidal-volume ventilation to lowest-tidal-volume ventilation. Crit Care 2008. [PMCID: PMC4088667 DOI: 10.1186/cc6517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
|
14
|
Adler L, Spencer TJ, Williams DW, Moore R, Dittmann RW, Michelson D. Long-term, open-label safety and efficacy of atomoxetine in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: final report of a 4-year study. Pharmacopsychiatry 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-991849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
15
|
Hüther G, Adler L. Seelische Belastungen und die Möglichkeiten ihrer Bewältigung aus neurobiologischer Sicht. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-965240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
16
|
Shen G, Nelson D, Adler L. SU-FF-J-119: PET Tumor Segmentation: Comparison of Gradient-Based Algorithm to Constant Threshold Algorithm. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2760624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
17
|
Modig T, Granath K, Adler L, Lidén G. Anaerobic glycerol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains under hyperosmotic stress. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 75:289-96. [PMID: 17221190 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-006-0821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2006] [Revised: 12/18/2006] [Accepted: 12/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol formation is vital for reoxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form; NADH) under anaerobic conditions and for the hyperosmotic stress response in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, relatively few studies have been made on hyperosmotic stress under anaerobic conditions. To study the combined effect of salt stress and anaerobic conditions, industrial and laboratory strains of S. cerevisiae were grown anaerobically on glucose in batch-cultures containing 40 g/l NaCl. The time needed for complete glucose conversion increased considerably, and the specific growth rates decreased by 80-90% when the cells were subjected to the hyperosmotic conditions. This was accompanied by an increased yield of glycerol and other by-products and reduced biomass yield in all strains. The slowest fermenting strain doubled its glycerol yield (from 0.072 to 0.148 g/g glucose) and a nearly fivefold increase in acetate formation was seen. In more tolerant strains, a lower increase was seen in the glycerol and in the acetate, succinate and pyruvate yields. Additionally, the NADH-producing pathway from acetaldehyde to acetate was analysed by overexpressing the stress-induced gene ALD3. However, this had no or very marginal effect on the acetate and glycerol yields. In the control experiments, the production of NADH from known sources well matched the glycerol formation. This was not the case for the salt stress experiments in which the production of NADH from known sources was insufficient to explain the formed glycerol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Modig
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Running amok is considered a rare but dangerous act of violence which has been investigated predominantly on a case by case basis. German-wide data on amok cases covering the decades 1980 - 1989 and 1991 - 2000 were used to perform the first epidemiological study world-wide on the stability of socio-demographic, criminological and psychiatric variables of amok behaviour. METHODS A content analysis study on nation-wide press reports of amok cases included a total of 104 subjects who were identified by combined homicidal-suicidal acts of violence and fulfilled structured criteria originally defined according to former Malayan amok events. RESULTS Amok cases in both decades were comparable except for the significant increase of weapon use, especially of firearms. Total prevalence showed a tendency to decline from 1 : 5.5 million to 1 : 8.5 million men per year, females were involved in rare single cases only. The male offenders showed a bimodal age distribution with a mean of 35 years. They were professionally well qualified, but had a 5 - 7fold higher risk of unemployment than the normal population. Motives and reasons for running amok were serious but not unusual, they varied widely and addressed all areas of daily life. Most offenders were characterized by abnormal personality patterns such as passive, aggressive, impulsive and paranoid and were in possession of firearms and previously convicted. Psychiatric diseases such as psychosis, paranoia, depression or personality disorders were present in more than 50 % of cases; further 20 % were intoxicated. The presence of psychiatric disorders influenced patterns of violent behaviour in individual subjects. Victims were predominantly unknown to the offenders. Close to one third of the amok runners committed suicide or were killed by legal authorities. CONCLUSION Amok represents a temporarily stable syndrome of extreme violent behaviour even in modern industrialized societies. Subjects exhibit a complex combination of serious causative motives, social burden and psychiatric diseases which do not explain common causes of amok rather than the origin of amok behaviour in individual cases. Amok joins the wide spectrum of human homicidal-suicidal acts which show similarities in many aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adler
- Okumenisches Hainich Klinikum Mühlhausen/Thüringen.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wadskog I, Forsmark A, Rossi G, Konopka C, Öyen M, Goksör M, Ronne H, Brennwald P, Adler L. The yeast tumor suppressor homologue Sro7p is required for targeting of the sodium pumping ATPase to the cell surface. Mol Biol Cell 2006; 17:4988-5003. [PMID: 17005914 PMCID: PMC1679668 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e05-08-0798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The SRO7/SOP1 encoded tumor suppressor homologue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for maintenance of ion homeostasis in cells exposed to NaCl stress. Here we show that the NaCl sensitivity of the sro7Delta mutant is due to defective sorting of Ena1p, the main sodium pump in yeast. On exposure of sro7Delta mutants to NaCl stress, Ena1p fails to be targeted to the cell surface, but is instead routed to the vacuole for degradation via the multivesicular endosome pathway. SRO7-deficient mutants accumulate post-Golgi vesicles at high salinity, in agreement with a previously described role for Sro7p in late exocytosis. However, Ena1p is not sorted into these post-Golgi vesicles, in contrast to what is observed for the vesicles that accumulate when exocytosis is blocked in sec6-4 mutants at high salinity. These observations imply that Sro7p has a previously unrecognized role for sorting of specific proteins into the exocytic pathway. Screening for multicopy suppressors identified RSN1, encoding a transmembrane protein of unknown function. Overexpression of RSN1 restores NaCl tolerance of sro7Delta mutants by retargeting Ena1p to the plasma membrane. We propose a model in which blocked exocytic sorting in sro7Delta mutants, gives rise to quality control-mediated routing of Ena1p to the vacuole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Wadskog
- *Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Göteborg University, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Annabelle Forsmark
- *Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Göteborg University, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Guendalina Rossi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Catherine Konopka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Mattias Öyen
- Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mattias Goksör
- Department of Physics, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden; and
| | - Hans Ronne
- Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrick Brennwald
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Lennart Adler
- *Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Göteborg University, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Granath K, Modig T, Forsmark A, Adler L, Lidén G. The YIG1 (YPL201c) encoded protein is involved in regulating anaerobic glycerol metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 2006; 22:1257-68. [PMID: 16358322 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Under anaerobic conditions S. cerevisiae produces glycerol to regenerate NAD(+) from the excess NADH produced in cell metabolism. We here report on the role of an uncharacterized protein, Yig1p (Ypl201cp), in anaerobic glycerol production. Yig1p was previously shown to interact in two-hybrid tests with the GPP1 and GPP2 encoded glycerol 3-phosphatase (Gpp), and we here demonstrate that strains overexpressing YIG1 show strongly decreased Gpp activity and content of the major phosphatase, Gpp1p. However, cells overexpressing YIG1 exhibited only slightly decreased GPP1 transcript levels, suggesting that Yig1p modulates expression on both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In agreement with such a role, a GFP-tagged derivate of Yig1p was localized to both the cytosol and the nucleus. Deletion or overexpression of YIG1 did not, however, significantly affect growth yield or glycerol yield in anaerobic batch cultures, which is consistent with the previously proposed low flux control exerted at the Gpp level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Granath
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology--Microbiology, Göteborg University, Box 462, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Himpel S, Bartels J, Zimdars K, Huether G, Adler L, Dawirs RR, Moll GH. Association between body weight of newborn rats and density of serotonin transporters in the frontal cortex at adulthood. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 113:295-302. [PMID: 15997417 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2004] [Accepted: 05/05/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Persisting alterations in monoaminergic innervation patterns have been observed following various environmental manipulations and neuro-psychopharmacological treatments during fetal or early postnatal life. The present study investigates the question how differences in initial growth conditions at birth might interfere with subsequent development of both serotonergic and noradrenergic innervation in the rat frontal cortex (FC) and brain stem. For this purpose, newborn rat littermates were divided into two groups, a low and a high birth weight group, and the densities of both serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) transporters in the FC and brain stem were analyzed at adulthood. 5-HT transporter density in the FC was significantly higher in the high birth weight group as compared with the low birth weight group. No significant differences were observed between both groups in the density of 5-HT transporters in the brain stem and in the densities of NE transporters in FC and brain stem. It is discussed that differences in birth weight may affect the postnatal development of 5-HT projections to the frontal cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Himpel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen and University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Valadi A, Granath K, Gustafsson L, Adler L. Distinct intracellular localization of Gpd1p and Gpd2p, the two yeast isoforms of NAD+-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, explains their different contributions to redox-driven glycerol production. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:39677-85. [PMID: 15210723 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m403310200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
During anaerobiosis Saccharomyces cerevisiae strongly increases glycerol production to provide for non-respiratory oxidation of NADH to NAD(+). We here report that respiratory-deficient cells become strictly dependent on the Gpd2p isoform of the NAD(+)-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpd). The growth inhibition of respiratory incompetent cox18Delta cells lacking GPD2 is reversed by the addition of acetoin, an alternative sink for NADH oxidation. Growth is also restored by addition of lysine or glutamic acid/glutamine, the synthesis of which involves production of mitochondrial NADH. Lysine produced a stronger growth stimulating effect than glutamic acid consistent with an upregulated expression of the IDP3 gene for peroxisomal synthesis of the glutamate precursor alpha-ketoglutarate. Gpd2p is known to be a cytosolic protein but possesses a classical mitochondrial presequence, which we show is sufficient for mitochondrial targeting. A partial mitochondrial localization of Gpd2p will provide for establishment of intramitochondrial redox balance under non-respiratory conditions. Gpd1p, the other Gpd isoform, is partly cytosolic and partly peroxisomal and becomes more strictly peroxisomal in respiratory-deficient mutants. The different cellular distribution of Gpd1p and Gpd2p thus appears to be the main reason Gpd1p cannot substitute for Gpd2p in cox18Deltagpd2Delta cells, despite similar kinetic characteristics of the two iso-enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asa Valadi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology/Microbiology, Box 462, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dittmann RW, Adler L, Michelson D, Wernicke J. Efficacy and safety of atomoxetine in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pharmacopsychiatry 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-825308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
24
|
Rokhlin SI, Wang L, Xie B, Yakovlev VA, Adler L. Modulated angle beam ultrasonic spectroscopy for evaluation of imperfect interfaces and adhesive bonds. Ultrasonics 2004; 42:1037-1047. [PMID: 15047426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2003.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An experimental method incorporating high frequency pulsed angle beam ultrasonic measurements modulated by low frequency vibrations of a bonded structure is described. This method uses parametric/nonlinear mixing between high and low frequencies to characterize adhesive degradation. It is demonstrated that good quality (undamaged) bonds exhibit little dependence of ultrasonic signature on the overlay of low frequency vibration loads; however, environmentally degraded or imperfect bonds exhibit strong modulation of the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic signal reflected from the bond. The results are interpreted using a model for normal and oblique wave interaction with two nonlinear interfaces separated by an adhesive layer under quasi-static stress modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S I Rokhlin
- The Ohio State University, Edison Joining Technology Center, Nondestructive Evaluation Program, 1248 Arthur E. Adams Dr., Columbus, OH 43221, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wadskog I, Maldener C, Proksch A, Madeo F, Adler L. Yeast lacking the SRO7/SOP1-encoded tumor suppressor homologue show increased susceptibility to apoptosis-like cell death on exposure to NaCl stress. Mol Biol Cell 2004; 15:1436-44. [PMID: 14718573 PMCID: PMC363166 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e03-02-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast cells deleted for the SRO7/SOP1 encoded tumor suppressor homologue show increased sensitivity to NaCl stress. On exposure to growth-inhibiting NaCl concentrations, sro7Delta mutants display a rapid loss in viability that is associated with markers of apoptosis: accumulation of reactive oxygen species, DNA breakage, and nuclear fragmentation. Additional deletion of the yeast metacaspase gene YCA1 prevents the primary fast drop in viability and diminishes nuclear fragmentation and DNA breakage. We also observed that NaCl induced loss in viability of wild-type cells is Yca1p dependent. However, a yeast strain deleted for both SRO7 and its homologue SRO77 exhibits NaCl-induced cell death that is independent on YCA1. Likewise, sro77Delta single mutants do not survive better after additional deletion of the YCA1 gene, and both sro77Delta and sro77Deltayca1Delta mutants display apoptotic characteristics when exposed to growth-inhibiting salinity, suggesting that yeast possesses Yca1p-independent pathway(s) for apoptosis-like cell death. The activity of Yca1p increases with increasing NaCl stress and sro7Delta mutants achieve levels that are higher than in wild-type cells. However, mutants lacking SRO77 do not enhance caspase activity when subject to NaCl stress, suggesting that Sro7p and Sro77p exert opposing effects on the cellular activity of Yca1p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Wadskog
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology/Microbiology, Göteborg University, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Frohlich J, Dobiásová M, Adler L, Francis M. Gender differences in plasma levels of lipoprotein (a) in patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease. Physiol Res 2004; 53:481-6. [PMID: 15479125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to assess the association between plasma levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and the presence of angiographically defined coronary artery disease (aCAD). Patients (346 men and 184 women) undergoing selective coronary angiography (SCA) were classified into groups with positive [aCAD(+)] and negative [aCAD(-)] findings and their age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, smoking, plasma total, LDL-, HDL-cholesterol (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (apoB), Log(TG/HDL-C) and TC/HDL-C were determined. Concentration of plasma Lp(a) was estimated using the commercial solid phase two-side immunoradiometric assay of apolipoprotein apo(a). The plasma Lp(a) was significantly higher in both women and men with aCAD(+) compared to those with aCAD(-). While there was no significant difference in the Lp(a) level between men and women with aCAD(-) (median 138 vs. 145 units/l), the women with aCAD(+) had almost twice as high Lp(a) levels as men (median 442 vs. 274 units/l, p<0.001). Women with aCAD(+) had also significantly lower HDL cholesterol levels (1.09 vs. 1.20 mmol/l, p<0.05), higher triglycerides (1.82 vs. 1.46 mmol/l, p<0.05) and Log(TG/HDL-C) than women with aCAD(-). The differences in Lp(a) between positive and negative findings remained highly significant (p<0.001 in women, p<0.05 in men) after the adjustment for age, plasma HDL- and LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in logistic regression analyses. In logistic regression model the Lp(a) and Log(TG/HDL-C) and smoking in women but smoking and age in men were the most powerful predictors of positive aCAD findings. Our findings suggest that Lp(a) is more strongly associated with aCAD+ in women than in men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Frohlich
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Healthy Heart Program/Lipid Clinic, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver B.C., Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Frohlich J, Dobiášová M, Adler L, Francis M. Gender differences in plasma levels of lipoprotein (a) in patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease. Physiol Res 2004. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.930511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to assess the association between plasma levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and the presence of angiographically defined coronary artery disease (aCAD). Patients (346 men and 184 women) undergoing selective coronary angiography (SCA) were classified into groups with positive [aCAD(+)] and negative [aCAD(–)] findings and their age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, smoking, plasma total, LDL-, HDL-cholesterol (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (apoB), Log(TG/HDL-C) and TC/HDL-C were determined. Concentration of plasma Lp(a) was estimated using the commercial solid phase two-side immunoradiometric assay of apolipoprotein apo(a). The plasma Lp(a) was significantly higher in both women and men with aCAD(+) compared to those with aCAD(–). While there was no significant difference in the Lp(a) level between men and women with aCAD(–) (median 138 vs. 145 units/l), the women with aCAD(+) had almost twice as high Lp(a) levels as men (median 442 vs. 274 units/l, p<0.001). Women with aCAD(+) had also significantly lower HDL cholesterol levels (1.09 vs. 1.20 mmol/l, p<0.05), higher triglycerides (1.82 vs. 1.46 mmol/l, p<0.05) and Log(TG/HDL-C) than women with aCAD(–). The differences in Lp(a) between positive and negative findings remained highly significant (p<0.001 in women, p<0.05 in men) after the adjustment for age, plasma HDL- and LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in logistic regression analyses. In logistic regression model the Lp(a) and Log(TG/HDL-C) and smoking in women but smoking and age in men were the most powerful predictors of positive aCAD findings. Our findings suggest that Lp(a) is more strongly associated with aCAD+ in women than in men.
Collapse
|
28
|
Valadi H, Valadi A, Ansell R, Gustafsson L, Adler L, Norbeck J, Blomberg A. NADH-reductive stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae induces the expression of the minor isoform of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (TDH1). Curr Genet 2003; 45:90-5. [PMID: 14652693 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-003-0469-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2003] [Revised: 10/23/2003] [Accepted: 10/29/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking the GPD2 gene, encoding one of the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenases, grows slowly under anaerobic conditions, due to reductive stress caused by the accumulation of cytoplasmic NADH. We used 2D-PAGE to study the effect on global protein expression of reductive stress in the anaerobically grown gpd2Delta strain. The most striking response was a strongly elevated expression of Tdh1p, the minor isoform of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. This increased expression could be reversed by the addition of acetoin, a NADH-specific redox sink, which furthermore largely restored anaerobic growth of the gpd2Delta strain. Additional deletion of the TDH1 gene (but not of TDH2 or TDH3) improved anaerobic growth of the gpd2Delta strain. We therefore propose that TDH1 has properties not displayed by the other TDH isogenes and that its expression is regulated by reductive stress caused by an excess of cytoplasmic NADH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Valadi
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience/Molecular Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, 405-30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Under anaerobic conditions, Saccharomyces cerevisiae uses NADH-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpd1p and Gpd2p) to re-oxidize excess NADH, yielding substantial amounts of glycerol. In a Deltagpd1 Deltagpd2 double-null mutant, the necessary NAD+ regeneration through glycerol production is no longer possible, and this mutant does not grow under anaerobic conditions. The excess NADH formed can potentially be used to drive other NADH-dependent reactions or pathways. To investigate this possibility, a double-null mutant was transformed with a heterologous gene (mtlD) from Escherichia coli, coding for NADH-dependent mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase. Expression of this gene in S. cerevisiae should result in NADH oxidation by the NADH-requiring formation of mannitol-1-phosphate from fructose-6-phosphate. The strain was characterized using step-change experiments, in which, during the exponential growth phase, the inlet gas was changed from air to nitrogen. It was found that the mutant produced mannitol only under anaerobic conditions. However, anaerobic growth was not regained, which was probably due to the excessive accumulation of mannitol in the cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roeland Costenoble
- Chemical Reaction Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Abstract
Uterine artery embolisation has been described as successful only when both arteries are embolised. However, results in patients with one congenitally absent or previously ligated artery are unknown. Women suffering from symptomatic uterine myomata were treated at a university teaching hospital, a community hospital and an outpatient surgery centre. Retrospective review of patient response to embolisation was assessed by chart review and questionnaire. Uterine and dominant fibroid size response was assessed by comparing pre- and post-embolisation ultrasound examinations. This study analysed three patient groups within the general population: those who underwent unilateral embolisation because of technical failure, those who ultimately underwent bilateral embolisation after initial technical failure and those who underwent unilateral embolisation because of an absent uterine artery. 12 patients underwent unilateral embolisation, 4 of whom underwent this procedure because of an absent uterine artery. Three of these four patients had a congenitally absent uterine artery arising from the internal iliac artery and all three experienced successful outcomes. The fourth patient had a previously ligated internal iliac artery and her symptoms worsened after the procedure. Eight patients had unilateral embolisation due to technical failure. Five of these patients underwent a subsequent procedure during which the contralateral uterine artery was embolised. Four of these five patients had successful outcomes and one was lost to follow-up. Another of the eight patients suffered an arterial injury leading to technical failure, and was lost to follow-up. Of the two remaining patients with unilateral technical failure, only one had a successful outcome. This study concluded that patients who undergo unilateral embolisation for technical reasons should be offered a second embolisation procedure shortly after the initial procedure. Patients with a congenitally absent uterine artery may respond with similar success to those who underwent bilateral embolisation. In contrast, the patient with a previously ligated internal iliac artery failed. The numbers in this study are too small for statistical analysis and subsequent studies should be performed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B McLucas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Doering S, Wedekind D, Pilz J, Bandelow B, Adler L, Huether G. [Cortisol in night-urine: Introduction of a research method in psychoneuroendocrinology]. Z Psychosom Med Psychother 2002; 47:42-57. [PMID: 11593453 DOI: 10.13109/zptm.2001.47.1.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cortisol is one of the major parameters investigated in psychoneuroendocrinological research, but the methods employed for sample collecting are often unsatisfactory. A suitable method of sample collection should allow for the integrative assessment of long-term changes of the HPA-system, should be non-invasive, and should not exceed the subject's compliance. The assessment of cortisol in night-urine fulfils these demands; although this method has been occasionally employed, it has not yet been described systematically. For the first time a detailed description is given here that allows for a standardized replication. In ten previous studies and three investigations of our own this method has been successfully applied to detect changes in the cortisol excretion of patients with endocrinological and psychiatric disorders as well as in subjects under conditions of psychosocial stress. The determination of cortisol in night-urine represents an ideal method for the assessment of changes in the basal HPA-activity in numerous areas of psychoneuroendocrinological research, e.g. field and screening studies in natural environment, clinical studies in psychiatry and especially follow-up studies in psychotherapy research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Doering
- Universitätsklinik für Medizinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Sonnenburgstrasse 9, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wolfersdorf M, Weishaupt-Langer G, Oschinsky M, Adler L. Stationäre Psychotherapie in den Kliniken für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie in Deutschland - Ergebnisse einer Umfrage zum therapeutischen Angebot und zu Indikationen 1 -. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-19457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
34
|
Abstract
A cultivation set-up for multiple cultures has been designed that can be used for anaerobic screening for quantitative changes in growth rate or other analyses, e.g. protein composition of different strains. The developed gas distribution system provides a reproducible level of anaerobicity in 30 cultivation flasks and resembles the open system of a high-performance bioreactor in that it ensures cultivation at atmospheric pressure and avoids supersaturation of carbon dioxide. The system is cheap and user-friendly and allows rapid screenings of many strains simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Valadi
- Lundberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, P.O. Box 462, S-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Affiliation(s)
- B McLucas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper seeks to evaluate the ability to deliver term pregnancies following uterine fibroid embolization, and to identify impediments to pregnancy in the embolization procedure. STUDY DESIGN Four physicians performed embolization procedures at various facilities. Patients were asked if fertility was an issue prior to embolization. We measured follicle-stimulating hormone levels before and after embolization. Clinical follow-up, six months following embolization was obtained by interview. Patients were questioned regarding attempts to conceive, menstrual history, and subsequent pregnancy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Complications were calculated upon the entire patient population, whether or not fertility was identified as a goal. Fertility risks from embolization were identified. We measured radiation exposure in a random consecutive group of 50 women undergoing embolization. All patients who conceived were asked the details of the pregnancy. RESULTS Four hundred women underwent uterine fibroid embolization between 1996 and 1999. One hundred and thirty nine patients stated a desire for fertility after embolization. Of these, 52 were <40 years old. Seventeen pregnancies have been reported in 14 women. Five spontaneous abortions were observed. Ten women have had normal term deliveries and two women are currently pregnant. No perfusion problems, either during the pregnancy or labor, were reported. The average radiation dosage calculated for 50 women undergoing embolization was 14 rads. Four women under 45 years old suffered premature menopause (10/1000). Two women underwent hysterectomy as a complication of embolization (5/1000). CONCLUSION The risks of infertility following embolization, premature menopause, and hysterectomy are small, as is the radiation exposure during embolization. These risks compare favorably with those associated with myomectomy. Fertility rates appear similar to patients undergoing myomectomy. No problems, either during pregnancy or delivery, have been observed after embolization. The course of pregnancy and delivery was normal after embolization with no maternal or fetal complications reported. These findings confirm results from other centers. Desire for future pregnancy is not a contraindication to fibroid embolization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B McLucas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Beredjiklian PK, Adler L, Wong K, Katz M, Yeh GL, Garino JP. Prevertebral abscess with extension into the hip joint. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 2001; 30:572-5. [PMID: 11482513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
We present a case of a paravertebral abscess with extension into the hip joint. The presumed conduit of infection in this case is the iliopsoas bursa, which has been shown to provide direct communication between the retroperitoneal space and the hip joint in up to 15% of cadaveric specimens. The patient was treated with emergent open irrigation and debridement of the hip joint, as well as percutaneous drainage of the prevertebral abscess. The patient remains minimally symptomatic at the 2-year follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P K Beredjiklian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Khroustalyova G, Adler L, Rapoport A. Exponential growth phase cells of the osmotolerant yeast Debaryomyces hansenii are extremely resistant to dehydration stress. Process Biochem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(01)00148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
39
|
Davis PW, Perrier ND, Adler L, Levine EA. Incidental thyroid carcinoma identified by positron emission tomography scanning obtained for metastatic evaluation. Am Surg 2001; 67:582-4. [PMID: 11409808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning is an emerging technology with substantial implications for patients with solid tumors. PET is useful in identifying sites of metastatic disease as well as primary malignancy and evaluating suspicious findings found via other imaging modalities. PET is becoming a standard modality for metastatic evaluation of a variety of malignancies. However, this imaging is not limited by histology and may reveal clinically occult second lesions. We present five cases of a clinically occult thyroid cancer found in patients who underwent PET scanning for metastatic evaluations. The principal diagnoses included two patients with malignant melanoma, one each with gastric, rectal, and colonic adenocarcinoma. None of the cases had findings on physical examination. Increased uptake in the region of the thyroid was evident on the PET scan, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy indicated papillary carcinoma of the thyroid in all five cases. Although evaluation of metastatic disease is the primary purpose for PET in this setting the discovery of occult thyroid malignancy is an additional benefit of such imaging. This emphasizes the importance of investigating suspicious areas found by PET and not simply assuming that these are all sites of metastatic disease. Furthermore incidental findings of uptake in the region of the thyroid make consideration of a primary carcinoma mandatory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P W Davis
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pahlman AK, Granath K, Ansell R, Hohmann S, Adler L. The yeast glycerol 3-phosphatases Gpp1p and Gpp2p are required for glycerol biosynthesis and differentially involved in the cellular responses to osmotic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:3555-63. [PMID: 11058591 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m007164200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have characterized the strongly homologous GPP1/RHR2 and GPP2/HOR2 genes, encoding isoforms of glycerol 3-phosphatase. Mutants lacking both GPP1 and GPP2 are devoid of glycerol 3-phosphatase activity and produce only a small amount of glycerol, confirming the essential role for this enzyme in glycerol biosynthesis. Overproduction of Gpp1p and Gpp2p did not significantly enhance glycerol production, indicating that glycerol phosphatase is not rate-limiting for glycerol production. Previous studies have shown that expression of both GPP1 and GPP2 is induced under hyperosmotic stress and that induction partially depends on the HOG (high osmolarity glycerol) pathway. We here show that expression of GPP1 is strongly decreased in strains having low protein kinase A activity, although it is still responsive to osmotic stress. The gpp1Delta/gpp2Delta double mutant is hypersensitive to high osmolarity, whereas the single mutants remain unaffected, indicating GPP1 and GPP2 substitute well for each other. Transfer to anaerobic conditions does not affect expression of GPP2, whereas GPP1 is transiently induced, and mutants lacking GPP1 show poor anaerobic growth. All gpp mutants show increased levels of glycerol 3-phosphate, which is especially pronounced when gpp1Delta and gpp1Delta/gpp2Delta mutants are transferred to anaerobic conditions. The addition of acetaldehyde, a strong oxidizer of NADH, leads to decreased glycerol 3-phosphate levels and restored anaerobic growth of the gpp1Delta/gpp2Delta mutant, indicating that the anaerobic accumulation of NADH causes glycerol 3-phosphate to reach growth-inhibiting levels. We also found the gpp1Delta/gpp2Delta mutant is hypersensitive to the superoxide anion generator, paraquat. Consistent with a role for glycerol 3-phosphatase in protection against oxidative stress, expression of GPP2 is induced in the presence of paraquat. This induction was only marginally affected by the general stress-response transcriptional factors Msn2p/4p or protein kinase A activity. We conclude that glycerol metabolism plays multiple roles in yeast adaptation to altered growth conditions, explaining the complex regulation of glycerol biosynthesis genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Pahlman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Göteborg University, Box 463, SE 40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Earlier studies demonstrated the efficacy of uterine fibroid embolization (UFE). We seek to demonstrate the success of the procedure in a community hospital setting, and we attempt to identify patients likely not to benefit from embolization, if possible, before the procedure. STUDY DESIGN The study followed all women treated with UFE for menorrhagia or postmenopausal bleeding at a community hospital between 1997 and 1999. Relief of symptoms, ultrasound changes, and complications were documented. Six months after the procedure, analysis was performed on ultrasound and interview data from patients who underwent UFE. A smaller number of patients has been followed for 12 months and were available for the analysis. We examined characteristics of patients and procedures performed in an attempt to identify likely failures of treatment. We calculated complication and failure rates based on the entire group of patients. RESULTS From 183 patients who applied for UFE, 16 were excluded because ofpathologic conditions found during preembolization evaluation; 167 women had an embolization, 163 were successfully embolized bilaterally, and 4 were embolized unilaterally because of technical failure. Eighty-eight percent of the patients (147 of 167 patients) reported an improvement or stabilization of symptoms 6 months after UFE. Forty-six patients followed for 12 months experienced myoma shrinkage of 37% (a significant shrinkage over 6 months, p < 0.001), and total uterine volume decreased 52%. Analysis of shrinkage data revealed no demographic or procedure variable associated with shrinkage. Six patients underwent hysterectomy (3.5%) after embolization, one as a result of postprocedure infection. Pain in the first 24 hours postprocedure affected almost all patients. Five percent of the patients passed submucous myomata after UFE; all these patients at risk were identified at preembolization hysteroscopy. Four patients experienced premature menopause after embolization early in the study. There were three criteria for failure, of which a patient had to meet only one: hysterectomy, < 10% shrinkage ofmyoma 6 months after UFE, or worsening symptoms after UFE. No variables of age or size of the uterus could be shown to predict failure. Patients who had undergone earlier pelvic surgery were more likely to fail UFE (p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Uterine fibroid embolization, an alternative treatment for myomas, offering low morbidity, can be performed in a community hospital setting. Eighty-eight percent of patients reported improvement or stabilization of symptoms. Total uterine volume decreased an average of 49% at 6 months after embolization. Shrinkage was unaffected by the size of the uterus, myoma, or patient characteristic before UFE. Longterm followup study reveals a significant continuing shrinkage of total uterine volume and myomata at 12 months. There has been no regrowth of fibroids. Earlier surgery was a factor predicting failure of UFE in our series. The risks to future fertility were small.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B McLucas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, School of Medicine, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Adler L. [Drugs for the treatment of sleep disturbances--neuroleptics and antidepressants]. Z Arztl Fortbild Qualitatssich 2001; 95:27-31. [PMID: 11233490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressants and neuroleptics are an essential tool for the treatment of sleep disturbances associated with defined psychiatric disorders. They may also be used 2nd choice for the treatment of psychophysiological insomnia. There is some evidence of a "causal" therapeutic action of some antidepressants in sleep disorders. Here, antidepressants and neuroleptics ought to be given in severe and/or chronic cases and to patients which are particularly vulnerable to the addictive potential of benzodiazepines and their analogues. They may be given during routine wash-out periods for benzodiazepines or loss of action, and for the treatment of psychiatrically related syndromes. Because of the higher incidence of aversive, even serious side-effects, careful benefit-risk evaluations and intense control studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adler
- Thüringer Landesfachkrankenhaus für Neurologie, Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Mühlhausen
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Affiliation(s)
- G Riedy
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Akhtar N, Påhlman AK, Larsson K, Corbett AH, Adler L. SGD1 encodes an essential nuclear protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that affects expression of the GPD1 gene for glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. FEBS Lett 2000; 483:87-92. [PMID: 11042259 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We here report the identification of the previously uncharacterized SGD1 gene, encoding a 102.8-kDa protein containing a leucine zipper region and a bipartite nuclear localization signal. Deletion of SGD1 results in loss of cell viability, while an increased dosage of SGD1 partially suppresses the osmosensitivity of pbs2 delta and hog1 delta mutants that are defective in the osmosignaling high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. The rescued mutants display a partially re-established transcriptional control of the osmostress-induced expression of GPD1, a target gene of the HOG pathway encoding NAD(+)-dependent glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and a partially recovered hyperosmolarity-induced production of glycerol. Consistent with Sgd1p affecting the transcriptional control of GPD1, a functional green fluorescent protein tagged Sgd1p is localized to the cell nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Akhtar
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
|
46
|
Eriksson P, Alipour H, Adler L, Blomberg A. Rap1p-binding sites in the saccharomyces cerevisiae GPD1 promoter are involved in its response to NaCl. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:29368-76. [PMID: 10842169 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m001663200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms involved in transcriptional regulation of the osmotically controlled GPD1 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated by promoter analysis. The GPD1 gene encodes NAD(+)-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, a key enzyme in the production of the compatible solute glycerol. By analysis of promoter deletions, we identified a region at nucleotides -478 to -324, in relation to start of translation, to be of great importance for both basal activity and osmotic induction of GPD1. Electrophoretic mobility shift and DNase I footprint analyses demonstrated protein binding to parts of this region that contain three consensus sequences for Rap1p (repressor activator protein 1)-binding sites. Actual binding of Rap1p to this region was confirmed by demonstrating enhanced electrophoretic mobility of the protein-DNA complex with extracts containing an N-terminally truncated version of Rap1p. The detected Rap1p-DNA interactions were not affected by changes in the osmolarity of the growth medium. Specific inactivation of the Rap1p-binding sites by a C-to-A point mutation in the core of the consensus showed that this factor is a major determinant of GPD1 expression since mutations in all three putative binding sites for Rap1p strongly hampered osmotic induction and drastically lowered basal activity. We also show that the Rap1p-binding sites appear functionally distinct; the most distal site (core of the consensus at position -386) exhibited the highest affinity for Rap1p and was strictly required for low salt induction (< or =0.6 m NaCl), but not for the response at higher salinities (> or =0.8 m NaCl). This indicates tha different molecular mechanisms might be operational for low and high salt responses of the GPD1 promoter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Eriksson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology-Microbiology, Lundberg Laboratory, Göteborg University, Medicinaregatan 9C, S-413 90 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Dobiásová M, Adler L, Ohta T, Frohlich J. Effect of labeling of plasma lipoproteins with [(3)H]cholesterol on values of esterification rate of cholesterol in apolipoprotein B-depleted plasma. J Lipid Res 2000; 41:1356-7. [PMID: 10946024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The fractional esterification rate of cholesterol in apolipoprotein B (apoB)-depleted plasma (FER(HDL)) is a good indicator of particle size distribution in high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). However, there has been a discrepancy in the absolute values of FER(HDL) published by different laboratories. Because the main difference between the methods was in the labeling of lipoproteins with [(3)H]cholesterol we investigated the effect of using Corning immunoplates and paper discs as carriers of the labeled unesterified cholesterol. We found that Corning plates trap some (3)H-labeled free cholesterol, which is released during incubation at 37 degrees C. This means that this additional (3)H-labeled free cholesterol is exposed to lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) for a shorter time and artificially decreases FER(HDL). Using paper discs discarded before incubation as carriers of the (3)H-labeled free cholesterol results in complete labeling of HDL and thus yields higher values of FER(HDL).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Dobiásová
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Adler L, Freimanis R, Lesko N, Geisinger K, Levine E, Perrier N, Newman D, Williams R, Bakale G, Zawarzin V, Weinberg I. October 18, 2000 8:30-8:45. Problem Solving with FDG Positron Emission Mammography. Clin Positron Imaging 2000; 3:149. [PMID: 11150752 DOI: 10.1016/s1095-0397(00)00061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To examine one potential clinical application of dedicated devices for positron emission mammography.Background: Dedicated devices for breast imaging with FDG have technical specifications that appear well-suited for detecting small breast cancers, including registration with x-rays, high count sensitivity, and spatial resolution in the 2-3 mm range.Methods: In IRB-approved clinical trials, patients who were scheduled for biopsy for suspicious findings on x-ray mammograms were injected with 10-20 mCi FDG intravenously one to two hours prior to x-ray guided core biopsy or lumpectomy. Positron emission mammograms using a dedicated device were performed just before biopsy, and results compared to final histopathology.Results: Three patients whose cancers were missed on initial x-ray mammograms or whose mammograms contained subtle abnormalities that were not strongly suspicious for cancer, were shown to have very suspicious hot spots on positron emission mammograms. These patients were later confirmed to have cancer.Discussion: The role for dedicated devices for positron emission mammography is evolving. Finding cancers that are either mammographically occult or have low indices of suspicion is a potential application for this technique. Further clinical and technical work will be needed to better define the strengths and weaknesses of the device in this application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adler
- Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To simplify the determination of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size by eliminating the need for ultracentrifugation. DESIGN AND METHODS We compared LDL particle size determination by gradient gel electrophoresis using two different methods for separation of LDL: (a) by ultracentrifugation with a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/mL, and (b) by precipitation of the apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins from plasma. LDL particle size was determined for 41 individuals using both methods. RESULTS The correlation between these two methods was r = 0.98; peak particle diameter (nm) was reproducible with a coefficient of variation of 1. 3% for LDL separated by ultracentrifugation and 1.4% for LDL prepared by precipitation. The intra-assay variation within a single gel was 0.2%. CONCLUSION Elimination of the need for ultracentrifugation or lipid staining significantly reduces the cost and simplifies the procedure of LDL particle sizing. As a result, larger patient populations can be more readily screened for the determination of LDL particle size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Atherosclerosis Specialty Laboratory, St. Paul's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Leonard S, Breese C, Adams C, Benhammou K, Gault J, Stevens K, Lee M, Adler L, Olincy A, Ross R, Freedman R. Smoking and schizophrenia: abnormal nicotinic receptor expression. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 393:237-42. [PMID: 10771019 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Biological and genetic evidence suggests a role for the neuronal nicotinic receptors in the neuropathophysiology of schizophrenia. Nicotine normalizes an auditory evoked potential deficit seen in subjects who suffer from the disease. Nicotinic receptors with both high and low affinity for nicotine are decreased in postmortem brain of schizophrenics compared to control subjects. The chromosomal locus of the human alpha-7 gene (15q14) is linked to the gating deficit with a lod of 5.3, and antagonists of the alpha-7 receptor (alpha-bungarotoxin and methyllycaconitine) induce a loss of gating in rodents. We have cloned the human alpha-7 gene and found it to be partially duplicated proximal to the full-length gene. The duplication is expressed in both the brain and in peripheral blood cells of normal subjects, but is missing in some schizophrenic subjects. The results of these studies suggest the presence of abnormal expression and function of the neuronal nicotinic receptor gene family in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Leonard
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|